高中英語外研版 (2019)選擇性必修第四冊Unit 4 Everyday economics當堂達標檢測題-試卷下載-教習網(wǎng)

Ⅰ. 用適當?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空
1. I will never frget the days that/which we spent tgether.
2. I will never frget the days when we stayed tgether.
3. The reasn that/which he explained at the meeting was nt sund.
4. The reasn why he was happy was that he had been praised by the teacher.
5. Keep the bk in a place where yu can find it easily.
6. This is the huse that/which was built by my grandfather frty years ag.
7. I will shw yu the pint where yu fail.
8. There are sme cases where this rule des nt hld gd.
9. He had t face the cnditins where pressure was heavy.
10. He is the man whm/that I saw yesterday.
Ⅱ. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換
1. The huse has been pulled dwn. He lived in the huse 10 years ag.
→The huse where he lived 10 years ag has been pulled dwn.
2. The schl lies in the east f the twn. He nce studied in the schl.
→The schl where he nce studied lies in the east f the twn.
3. D yu remember the days? On thse days we played tgether.
→D yu remember the days when we played tgether?
4. We went thrugh a perid. During that time cmmunicatins were very difficult in the rural areas.
→We went thrugh a perid when cmmunicatins were very difficult in the rural areas.
5. After graduatin he returned t the small twn which he grew up in.
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. The reasn why he culd nt g there was that he was ill in bed. 他不能到那里去的原因是他臥病在床。
2. We are living in an age when many things are dne n cmputer.
我們生活在許多事情在電腦上就可以做的時代。
3. I’ll never frget the days when I wrked tgether with yu. 我永遠也不會忘記和你一起工作的日子。
4. The lab where the chemist ften des experiments is nt far frm here.
那個化學家經(jīng)常做實驗的那個實驗室離這里不遠。
5. The factry where my father used t wrk fell dwn in the earthquake.
我父親過去工作的那家工廠在地震中倒塌了。
Ⅰ. 閱讀理解
A
(2021·烏魯木齊高二檢測)
Nbdy likes hme ecnmics (家政學). But restring the prgram culd help us in the fight against besity and chrnic (慢性的)diseases tday.
The hme ecnmics mvement was funded n the belief that husewrk and fd preparatin were imprtant subjects that shuld be studied scientifically. The first classes ccurred in the agricultural and technical clleges that were built in the 1860s. When mst departments f universities rejected wmen, hme ecnmics was a back dr int higher educatin.
Indeed, in the early 20th century, hme ecnmics was a serius subject. When few peple understd germ (微生物)thery and almst n ne had heard f vitamins, hme ecnmics classes ffered vital infrmatin abut washing hands regularly, eating fruit and vegetables and nt feeding cffee t babies.
Hwever, tday we remember nly the fixed ideas abut hme ecnmics, frgetting the mvement’s mst imprtant lessns n healthy eating and cking. T many Americans simply dn’t knw hw t ck. Our diets, cnsisting f highly prcessed fds made cheaply utside the hme, have cntributed t many serius health prblems. In the last decade, many cities and states have tried t tax junk fd heavily r t ban the use f fd stamps (食品券)t buy sda. Clearly, many peple are dubtful abut any gvernmental steps t prmte healthy eating. But what if the gvernment put the tls f besity preventin in the hands f children themselves by teaching them hw t ck?
My first experience with hme ecnmics happened tw decades ag when I was a seventh grader in a Nrth Carlina public schl. A year later, my father’s jb tk ur family t Wales, where I attended a large schl fr a few mnths. It was the first time I had ever really cked anything. I remember that it was fun, and with an instructr standing by, it wasn’t hard. Thse lessns stuck with me when I first started cking fr my husband and myself after cllege and they still d. Teaching cking in public schls can help slve sme prblems facing Americans tday. The histry f hme ecnmics shws it’s pssible.
【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述的是家政學的歷史和發(fā)展。我們今天要正確地對待家政學在健康飲食和烹飪方面的重要意義。
1. What d we knw abut hme ecnmics accrding t the passage?
A. It is a subject becming mre and mre ppular with Americans
B. It is ften used t help fight against besity and chrnic diseases
C. It nce ffered wmen a special apprach t university educatin
D. It was first taught in the agricultural and technical clleges in the early 1900s
【解析】選C。細節(jié)理解題。由文章中第二段最后一句When mst departments f universities rejected wmen, hme ecnmics was a back dr int higher educatin. 可知, 家政學給了女性一個進入大學接受高等教育的機會。故選C。
2. What des the third paragraph mainly tell us?
A. The imprtance f regular hand washing
B. The health benefits f fruit and vegetables
C. The cntents f hme ecnmics classes in the early 20th century
D. The significance f teaching hme ecnmics in the early 20th century
【解析】選D。段落主旨題。縱觀第三段的內(nèi)容Indeed, in the early 20th century, hme ecnmics was a serius subject. When few peple understd germ thery and almst n ne had heard f vitamins, hme ecnmics classes ffered vital infrmatin abut washing hands regularly, eating fruit and vegetables and nt feeding cffee t babies. 可知, 第三段主要講述了20世紀初家政學教學的意義。故選D。
3. In the pinin f the authr, hw shuld we fight against childhd besity?
A. Children shuld be taught hw t ck.
B. A heavy tax shuld be put n junk fd.
C. Healthy eating shuld be prmted at schl.
D. Using fd stamps t buy sda shuld be banned.
【解析】選A。細節(jié)理解題。由文章第四段中But what if the gvernment put the tls f besity preventin in the hands f children themselves by teaching them hw t ck? 可知, 在作者看來, 我們應(yīng)該教孩子們?nèi)绾巫鲲垇韺箖和逝? 故選A。
4. What des the authr imply in the last paragraph?
A. Her family mved frequently in her childhd.
B. Cking classes have a far-reaching influence n her later life.
C. T receive a better educatin, she went t a large schl in Wales.
D. Teaching cking is the key t slving Americans’ health prblems.
【解析】選B。細節(jié)理解題。文章的最后一段主要講了作者的親身經(jīng)歷。從作者小時候?qū)W會做飯一直到成家后給丈夫、孩子做飯, 這些經(jīng)歷對作者的生活產(chǎn)生了深遠的影響。A、C、D三個選項的表述與原文意思不符。故選B。
B
(2021·沈陽高二檢測)
An increase in students applying t study ecnmics at university is being attributed t (歸因于)the glbal ecnmic crisis awakening a public thirst fr knwledge abut hw the financial system wrks.
Applicatins fr degree curses beginning this autumn were up by 15% this January, accrding t UCAS, the Universities and Clleges Admissins Service. A spkesman fr the Ryal Ecnmic Sciety said applicatins t d ecnmics at A-level were als up.
Prfessr Jhn Beath, the president f the sciety and a leading lecturer at St Andrews University, said his first-year lectures—which are pen t students frm all departments—were drawing crwds f 400, rather than the usual 250.
“There are a large number f students wh are nt ecnmics majrs (專業(yè)), wh wuld like t learn smething abut it. One f the things I have dne this year is t relate my teaching t cntemprary events in a way that ne hasn’t traditinally dne. ” He said.
University applicatins rse by 7% last year, but there were rises abve average in several subjects. Nursing saw a 15% jump, with peple’s renewed interest in careers in the pubic sectr (部門), which are seen as mre secure in ecnmic crisis.
A recent study shwed almst tw thirds f parents believed schls shuld d mre t teach pupils abut financial matters, and almst half said their children had asked them what was ging n, althugh a minrity (少數(shù))f parents felt they did nt understand it themselves well enugh t explain.
Zack Hcking, the head f Child Trust Funds, said, “It’s pssible that ne gd thing t arise frm the dwnturn (低迷)will be a generatin that’s financially wiser and better equipped t manage their mney thrugh times f ecnmic uncertainty. ”
【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了由于金融危機, 在大學里越來越多的人申請讀經(jīng)濟學, 經(jīng)濟學受到熱捧并且公共行業(yè)的專業(yè)也很受學生的青睞, 因為這些行業(yè)的收入在經(jīng)濟危機中更為保險。
5. Prfessr Jhn Beath’s lectures are ______.
A. given in a traditinal way
B. warmly received by ecnmics
C. cnnected with the present situatin
D. pen t bth students and their parents
【解析】選C。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“One f the things I have dne this year is t relate my teaching t cntemprary events in a way that ne hasn’t traditinally dne. ” 今年我做過的一件事是以傳統(tǒng)教學沒有用過的方式把我的教學與當代的事件聯(lián)系起來?！笨芍? Prfessr Jhn Beath 的講座主要是有關(guān)當代發(fā)生的一些事情, 與當前的形勢聯(lián)系得很緊密。故選C。
6. Careers in the public sectr are mre attractive because f their______.
A. higher pay B. greater stability (穩(wěn)定)
C. fewer applicatinsD. better reputatin (名聲)
【解析】選B。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“Nursing saw a 15% jump, with peple’s renewed interest in careers in the public sectr, which are seen as mre secure in ecnmic crisis. ” (護理行業(yè)增長了15%, 人們對公共行業(yè)的職業(yè)重新產(chǎn)生了興趣, 人們認為這在經(jīng)濟危機中更有保障。)可知, 公共行業(yè)被看成是在經(jīng)濟危機中更加有保障的行業(yè), 所以很多人申請公共行業(yè)的專業(yè)學習。故選B。
7. In the pinin f mst parents, ______.
A. ecnmics shuld be the fcus f schl teaching
B. mre students shuld be admitted t universities
C. children shuld slve financial prblems themselves
D. the teaching f financial matters shuld be strengthened
【解析】選D。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章A recent study shwed almst tw thirds f parents believed schls shuld d mre t teach pupils abut financial matters(最近的一項研究顯示, 近三分之二的家長認為學校應(yīng)該做更多的事情來教學生理財)可知, 家長們希望老師多教學生一些金融方面的知識, 故選D。
8. What’s the main idea f the text?
A. Ecnmics is attracting an increasing number f students.
B. Universities have received mre applicatins.
C. Cllege students benefit a lt frm ecnmic uncertainty.
D. Parents are cncerned with children’s subject selectin.
【解析】選A。主旨大意題。文章主要介紹了當前經(jīng)濟危機下, 很多人都申請學經(jīng)濟學來更好地理解金融系統(tǒng)的運行模式和職能, 即經(jīng)濟學吸引了越來越多的人。故選A。
Ⅱ. 語法填空
(2021·天津高二檢測)
BEIJING China will establish a new special ecnmic zne in the 1. _______ (heavy)plluted prvince f Hebei t prmte integratin(一體化)with 2. _______ neighbring cities f Beijing and Tianjin, the gvernment has annunced.
The Xingan New Area will be 3. _______ the same natinal imprtance as the Shenzhen Special Ecnmic Zne, 4. _______ helped kick-start China’s ecnmic refrms in 1980, the fficial Xinhua News Agency said, citing a circular released by the Chinese Cabinet.
The new special ecnmic zne 5. _______ (lcate)arund 100km suth-west f Beijing, clse t the Hebei prvincial capital f Shijiazhuang and will huse sme f Beijing’s relcated “nn-capital functins”. It is currently nly 100 square kilmeters in area 6. _______ will eventually be expanded t 2, 000 square kilmeters.
Beijing, hme t 22 millin peple, 7. _______ (try)t cntrl ppulatin grwth and relcate industries and ther nn-capital functins t Hebei in the
8. _______ (cme)years as part f its effrts t prevent pllutin and crwdedness.
The remval f nn-capital functins frm Beijing is part f a greater strategy t integrate the develpment f Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei fr a better ecnmic structure, 9. _______ (clean)envirnment and imprved public 10. _______ (serve).
【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文, 中國政府近期要設(shè)立雄安新區(qū), 文章介紹了雄安新區(qū)的地理位置及設(shè)立的設(shè)想和功能。
1. 【解析】heavily?？疾楦痹~。句意: 中國將在被嚴重污染的河北省建立一個新經(jīng)濟特區(qū)來加快和鄰近城市——北京和天津的一體化進程。在英語中, 副詞通常作狀語修飾形容詞、副詞、動詞或整個句子, 本句中副詞heavily作狀語, 修飾形容詞plluted。所以要填heavily。
2. 【解析】the。考查定冠詞。定冠詞the表示特指, 不定冠詞a/an表示泛指, 本句使用定冠詞the特指河北省兩個鄰近的城市北京和天津。所以要填the。
3. 【解析】f?？疾楣潭ńY(jié)構(gòu)。句意: 雄安新區(qū)將會和深圳特區(qū)有同樣的國家重要性。固定結(jié)構(gòu)“f+名詞”=“該名詞構(gòu)成的形容詞”, 所以句中的“f imprtance”=“imprtant”表示重要的; 在句中作表語。所以要填f。
4. 【解析】which。考查定語從句。本題定語從句的先行詞是the Shenzhen Special Ecnmic Zne, 關(guān)系代詞which指代先行詞, 引導(dǎo)定語從句并在句中作主語。所以要填which。
5. 【解析】is lcated?？疾閯釉~。句意: 這個新的經(jīng)濟特區(qū)位于大約北京西南100千米處, 靠近河北省會石家莊。短語be lcated意為“位于……”, 在句中作謂語, 所以要填is lcated。
6. 【解析】but?？疾檫B詞。句意: 現(xiàn)在它只有100平方千米, 但是最終會拓寬至2 000平方千米。根據(jù)句意可知, 上下文之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系, 要用表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連詞。所以要填but。
7. 【解析】is trying?？疾闀r態(tài)。句意: 北京現(xiàn)在有2 200萬人口, 在努力控制人口增長并在未來幾年里向河北重新配置工業(yè)和其他非首都功能。本句敘述北京現(xiàn)在正在做的事情, 所以填is trying。
8. 【解析】cming。考查形容詞。形容詞cming表示“即將到來的”, 在句中作定語, 修飾years, 表示未來的時間。所以要填cming。
9. 【解析】cleaner?？疾楸容^級。句意: 轉(zhuǎn)移北京的非首都功能是整合北京、天津和河北省發(fā)展的一個偉大的策略, 是為了一個更好的工業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu), 更清潔的環(huán)境并提升公共服務(wù)。句中設(shè)空處與前面的better是并列成分, 所以要填cleaner。
10. 【解析】service(s)?？疾槊~。在英語中, 動詞的后面要接名詞作賓語, 本句中要用serve的名詞形式作動詞imprve的賓語, 所以要填service(s)。
完形填空
(2021·西安高二檢測)
Open data-sharers are still in the minrity in many fields. Althugh many researchers bradly agree that public access t raw data wuld prmte science, mst are 1 t pst the results f their wn laburs nline.
Sme cmmunities have agreed t share nline-geneticists, fr example, pst DNA sequences at the GenBank repsitry (庫), and astrnmers are accustmed t 2 images f galaxies and stars frm, say, the Slan Digital Sky Survey, a telescpe that has bserved sme 500 millin bjects—but these remain the 3 , nt the rule. Histrically, scientists have 4 sharing fr many reasns: it is a lt f wrk, until recently, gd databases did nt exist; grant funders were nt pushing fr sharing; it has been difficult t agree n standards fr frmatting data, and there is n agreed way t assign credit fr data.
But the 5 are disappearing in part because jurnals and funding agencies wrldwide are encuraging scientists t make their data 6 . Last year, the Ryal Sciety in Lndn said in its reprt that scientists need t. “ 7 a research culture where data is viewed as private preserve. ”Funding agencies nte that data paid fr with public mney shuld be public infrmatin, and the scientific cmmunity is recgnizing that data can nw be shared nline in ways that were nt pssible befre. T match the grwing demand, services are springing up t make it easier t publish research prducts 8 and enable ther researchers t discver and cite (引用)them.
Althugh calls t share data ften cncentrate n the 9 advantages f sharing, the practice is nt purely beneficial t thers. Researchers wh share get plenty f persnal benefits including mre cnnectins with clleagues, imprved 10 and increased citatins. The mst successful sharers—thse whse data are dwnladed and cited the mst ften—get nticed, and their wrk gets used. 11 , ne f the mst ppular data sets n multidisciplinary repsitry Dryad is abut wd density arund the wrld; it has been 12 5700 times. C-authr Amy Zanne thinks that users prbably range frm climate-change researchers wanting t estimate hw much carbn is stred in bimass, t fresters lking fr infrmatin n different grades f trees. “I’d much prefer t have my date used by the 13 number f peple t as their wn questins, ” she says. “It’s imprtant t allw readers and reviewers t see exactly hw yu arrive at yur results. Publishing data and cde allws yur science t be 14 . ”
Even peple whse data are less ppular can benefit. By making the effrt t rganize and label files s thers can understand them, scientists can becme mre rganized and better disciplined themselves, thus aviding 15 later n.
【文章大意】本文屬于說明文, 公布自己的研究數(shù)據(jù)和成果正變得越來越流行, 這不僅對外界有好處, 而且對作者本人也有好處。
1. A. restrictedB. reluctant
C. desperateD. generus
【解析】選B。restricted限制的; reluctant不情愿的; desperate絕望的; generus慷慨的。根據(jù)前一句可知, 盡管許多研究者都同意, 但是他們大多數(shù)還是不愿意將自己的勞動成果公布在網(wǎng)上。故選B。
2. A. accessingB. prcessing
C. analyzingD. identifying
【解析】選A。accessing接近, 使用; prcessing處理; analyzing分析; identifying確認。分析句子可知, 本句講述天文學家可以直接使用這個望遠鏡觀測的圖像。故選A。
3. A. assumptinB. mystery
C. exceptinD. phenmenn
【解析】選C。assumptin假設(shè); mystery謎; exceptin例外; phenmenn現(xiàn)象。根據(jù)本句nt the rule可知, 這些情況都是例外。故選C。
4. A. lnged frB. appealed t
C. fcused nD. bjected t
【解析】選D。lnged fr渴望; appealed t呼吁, 吸引; fcused n關(guān)注; bjected t反對。根據(jù)后文可知, 列舉了很多科學家反對分享的原因。故選D。
5. A. symptmsB. barriers
C. advantagesD. cnsequences
【解析】選B。symptms癥狀; barriers障礙; advantages優(yōu)勢; cnsequences結(jié)果。根據(jù)后文可知, 期刊和資助機構(gòu)正在鼓勵科學家公開數(shù)據(jù), 故障礙在消失。故選B。
6. A. cntrllableB. unique
C. reliableD. public
【解析】選D。cntrllable可控制的; unique唯一的; reliable可靠的; public公開的。根據(jù)文章可知, 此處指公開自己的數(shù)據(jù)。故選D。
7. A. shift away frmB. end up with
C. give rise tD. build
【解析】選A。shift away frm轉(zhuǎn)變; end up with以……結(jié)束; give rise t引起; build創(chuàng)建。根據(jù)文章可知, 研究的文化在發(fā)生改變。故選A。
8. A. secretB. digitallyC. ethicallyD. fairly
【解析】選B。secret秘密的; digitally數(shù)字地; ethically道德地; fairly相當。根據(jù)文章可知, 越來越多的研究成果以數(shù)字版本出版。故選B。
9. A. materialB. individual
C. mralD. ecnmic
【解析】選C。material材料; individual個人; mral道德的; ecnmic經(jīng)濟的。根據(jù)文章可知, 本句主要講述呼吁公開研究數(shù)據(jù)的道德原因。故選C。
10. A. visibilityB. awareness
C. cnditinD. cnfidence
【解析】選A。visibility可見度; awareness意識; cnditin條件; cnfidence信心。分享文章可知, 本句講述公開數(shù)據(jù)對個人的好處。故選A。
11. A. On the cntraryB. As a result
C. Fr exampleD. After all
【解析】選C。On the cntrary相反; As a result因此; Fr example比如; After all畢竟。根據(jù)后文可知, 本句是前一句的舉例說明。故選C。
12. A. dwnladedB. updated
C. ptimizedD. addressed
【解析】選A。dwnladed下載; updated更新; ptimized優(yōu)化; addressed做演講。根據(jù)文章可知, 本句講述最受歡迎的數(shù)據(jù)下載次數(shù)。故選A。
13. A. mderateB. maximum
C. averageD. estimate
【解析】選B。mderate溫和的; maximum最大的; average平均的; estimate估計。根據(jù)文章可知, 作者希望自己的數(shù)據(jù)能夠幫助更多的人。故選B。
14. A. reversibleB. prfitable
C. reprducibleD. recgnizable
【解析】選C。reversible可逆的; prfitable可盈利的; reprducible可再生的; recgnizable可認出的。公開數(shù)據(jù)和代碼結(jié)果能讓你的科學研究衍生。故選C。
15. A. crisisB. cnfusinC. riskD. cnflict
【解析】選B。crisis危機; cnfusin混淆; risk風險; cnflict沖突。根據(jù)本句可知, 公布研究數(shù)據(jù)有助于讓科研者更有條理, 經(jīng)受訓練以避免之后的困惑。故選B。

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