Ⅰ. 單句語法填空
1. They have n way t dispse f the hazardus(hazard)waste they prduce.
2. He went t an unexceptinal(exceptinal) state schl, nt a fancy private ne.
3. Self-driving shuttles (shuttle)and slar cars were als n display at the 2014 shw.
4. Neighburs have invited us ut, given us clthes, and taken us n excursins(excursin).
5. The beauty f the Internet, experts say, is that it has rekindled(rekindle) the jy f writing.
6. “Hw much lnger must I g n like this? ” she asked herself tragically(tragic).
7. One f the back wheels shattered his skull and killed him instantaneusly(instantaneus).
8. He walked alng in the shadws (shadw), hping n ne wuld recgnize him.
9. I think he fell dwn the stairs, and he screamed (scream)fr tw r three minutes.
10. Julie was suspended (suspend)frm her jb shrtly after the incident.
Ⅱ. 選詞填空
set ft n; becme accustmed t; be aware f; take ff; tune in; be abut t; a sense f; n bard; cast a shadw n; take ne’s place
1. Just after he finished repairing, he was aware f his mistake right away.
2. This is the first time I have left my cuntry and set ft n freign sil.
3. The six astrnauts n bard will spend ten days in space.
4. We have becme accustmed t his way f speaking.
5. He tk ff at nce and headed back t the mtel.
6. Mre than six millin yungsters tune in t Blckbusters every day.
7. It makes me extremely angry that he has nt turned up when the train is abut t leave.
8. Mr Chen is ill tday. I’ll take his place t give yu a lessn.
9. The tree cast a shadw n the grass.
10. Bringing up a child alne shuld give yu a sense f achievement.
Ⅲ. 翻譯句子
1. 他回到家里, 又餓又累。(形容詞作狀語)
He arrived hme, hungry and tired.
2. 我們正在討論是否讓學生加入我們的俱樂部。(介詞+賓語從句)
We are talking abut whether we admit students int ur club.
3. 聽到這個消息, 他們都高興得跳了起來。(現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語)
Hearing the news, they all jumped with jy.
4. 當我出門時, 開始下雨了。
As I was ging ut, it began t rain.
5. 下一列到站的火車是從紐約開來的。
The next train t arrive was frm New Yrk.
Ⅰ. 閱讀理解
A
What’s a spacewalk? Any time an astrnaut gets ut f a spacecraft while in space, it is called a spacewalk. Astrnauts g n spacewalks fr many reasns. Fr example, experiments can be placed n the utside f a spacecraft. This lets scientists learn hw being in space affects different things. By ging n spacewalks, astrnauts can als fix certain things instead f bringing them back t the earth t fix.
When astrnauts g n spacewalks, they wear spacesuits t keep themselves safe. Inside spacesuits, astrnauts have the xygen they need t breathe and the water they need t drink. T keep the astrnauts and the spacecraft safe, the astrnauts must leave and g back t the spacecraft thrugh a special dr. When n a spacewalk, astrnauts use safety tethers t stay clse t their spacecraft, which cnnect the spacewalkers with the spacecraft. They keep astrnauts frm flating away int space. Anther way astrnauts stay safe during spacewalks is by wearing a SAFER. SAFER is wrn like a backpack. It helps an astrnaut mve arund in space.
Hw d astrnauts train fr spacewalks? One way is by ging fr a swim. Flating in space is a lt like flating in water. Astrnauts practice spacewalks underwater in a huge special swimming pl. Fr every ne hur they will spend n a spacewalk, astrnauts need t train seven hurs in the pl. Anther way astrnauts practice fr a spacewalk is by using virtual reality(虛擬現(xiàn)實). It lks and feels just like a spacewalk.
Tday, nly three cuntries have finished spacewalks independently. They are Russia, the United States and China. The first persn t g n a spacewalk in the wrld was Alexei Lenv frm Russia. Zhai Zhigang is the first Chinese astrnaut t g n a spacewalk. The wrld recrd f spacewalks is held by Russian astrnaut Anatly Slvyev. He has been n 16 spacewalks and spent mre than 82 hurs utside in space.
【文章大意】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了太空行走。解釋了進行太空行走的原因, 太空行走的流程和宇航員如何進行太空行走訓練的。最后提到了只有三個國家獨立完成了太空行走, 列舉了這三個國家在太空行走方面取得的成就。
1. What can an astrnaut d by ging n a spacewalk?
A. Fix different bjects.
B. Cllect any thing he wants.
C. Carry ut an experiment.
D. Study hw things change in space.
【解析】選C。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段可知宇航員進行太空行走的原因有很多。例如, 實驗可以放在航天器的外部。這讓科學家了解在太空環(huán)境中是如何影響不同事物的。由此可知, 宇航員進行太空行走能進行實驗。故選C。
2. What des the underlined wrd “tethers” in Paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A. Special rpes. B. Spacesuits.
C. Spacecraft. D. Special backpacks.
【解析】選A。詞義猜測題。根據(jù)后文which cnnect the spacewalkers with the spacecraft可知tethers是連接太空行走者和宇宙飛船的, 可推測tethers是指一種特殊的繩子。由此可知, 畫線單詞意思為“特殊的繩子”。故選A。
3. What can we learn frm the last tw paragraphs?
A. Walking in space is as easy as ging swimming.
B. A virtual reality shuld be used in a spacewalk.
C. Only three cuntries have ever tried spacewalk.
D. Russia keeps the wrld recrd f spacewalks.
【解析】選D。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段可知太空行走的世界紀錄由俄羅斯宇航員Anatly Slvyev保持。他已經(jīng)進行了16次太空行走, 在太空中度過了82個多小時。由此可知, 俄羅斯保持著太空行走的世界紀錄。故選D。
4. Where is this passage mst likely frm?
A. A diary. B. A magazine.
C. A nvel. D. A guidebk.
【解析】選B。推理判斷題。文章主要介紹了太空行走。解釋了進行太空行走的原因, 太空行走的流程和宇航員如何進行太空行走訓練的。最后提到了只有三個國家獨立完成了太空行走, 列舉了這三個國家在太空行走方面取得的成就?？芍恼聦儆诳茖W知識類, 結合選項可知最有可能來自一本雜志。故選B。
B
Phtgraphic self-prtraits have existed fr as lng as cameras have been in human hands. But what abut selfies in space? On Twitter last year, NASA astrnaut Edwin Aldrin, wh famusly became the secnd man t walk n the mn in July 1969, laid claim t a spaceflight first: taking the first selfie in space during the Gemini XII missin in 1966.
“Fr me, it needs t be digital t be selfie, ” argues Jennifer Levasseur, a directr at the Smithsnian Natinal Air and Space Museum. Accrding t Levasseur, the cncept f a selfie is directly linked t internet culture. “The thing that makes a selfie is sharing it, ” she says.
Still, astrnauts have been carrying cameras abard space vehicles since the 1960s. In 1966, Aldrin used a Hasselblad camera designed specifically fr space. Hasselblad als painted the first camera in space a matte(不光亮的)black t reduce reflectins in the rbiter windw. But cameras used in space need t survive extreme cnditins, like temperature swings frm -149°F t 248°F, s Hasselblad painted later mdel silver.
Astrnauts visiting the mn then had t take ut the film and leave their camera bdies behind when they returned t Earth, because early space missins were limited by a weight limit n the returned trip. Then a big change in space camera technlgy came after the space shuttle Clumbia brke apart n its return t Earth in 2003, Levasseur ntes. “Fear that they’d never be able t bring film back frm space and lse all that hard wrk accelerated the push fr digital, ” she says.
Tday, astrnauts als have access t internet and scial platfrms in space and can pst true space selfies made using digital cameras. Similarly, space rbts are participating in selfie culture, capturing remte pictures f themselves in space r n ther planets and sending them back t Earth.
【文章大意】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了太空自拍的歷史。
5. Why d selfies in space need t be digital accrding t Jennifer Levasseur?
A. Astrnauts are fnd f studying technlgy.
B. Astrnauts are eager t be famus n the Internet.
C. Astrnauts desire t cmmunicate n scial platfrms.
D. Astrnauts want t vercme the fear in space.
【解析】選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“對我來說, 自拍必須是數(shù)碼的, ”史密森國家航空航天博物館的主管Jennifer Levasseur說。Levasseur表示, 自拍的概念與網(wǎng)絡文化直接相關?！白耘牡年P鍵在于分享, ”她說?？赏茢喑鯦ennifer Levasseur認為太空自拍之所以需要數(shù)字化是因為宇航員想在人類的社交平臺交流與互動。故選C。
6. Why can the Hasselblad camera adjust t the temperature changes in space?
A. It is painted silver.
B. Its matte black gathers light.
C. Its design is special.
D. It can reduce reflectin itself.
【解析】選A。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的最后一句可知但在太空中使用的相機需要在極端條件下, 比如溫度從-149°F到248°F的波動中還能使用的, 所以Hasselblad在后來的模型上涂上了銀色。由此可推斷出, Hasselblad的照相機能適應太空氣溫的變化是因為它被漆成了銀色。故選A。
7. What cntributed t the faster develpment f camera technlgy in space?
A. The heavy space tasks.
B. A returned space shuttle.
C. A spaceflight crash.
D. The imprved film.
【解析】選C。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的第二、三句可知2003年哥倫比亞號航天飛機在返回地球時爆炸解體后, 太空攝影技術發(fā)生了重大變化。萊瓦瑟說: “擔心他們永遠無法把膠卷從太空帶回來, 使所有的辛苦工作沒有了, 這加速了數(shù)字化的發(fā)展?！庇纱丝芍? 是一次太空飛行事故促成了太空攝像技術的快速發(fā)展。故選C。
8. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. The Origin f Selfies in Space
B. The Brief Histry f Selfies in Space
C. The Significance f Selfies in Space
D. The Ppularity f Selfies in Space
【解析】選B。標題歸納題。本文第一段最后一句引出太空自拍的話題后, 下文介紹了自拍的起源, 以及太空自拍的現(xiàn)狀。由此可推斷出, 本文簡單介紹了太空自拍的歷史。所以最適合這篇文章的題目是“太空自拍的簡史”。故選B。
Ⅱ. 閱讀填句
Ways t Get Yur Kids int Nature
Being in nature fr kids has tremendus health benefits. There are many ways yu can incrprate nature int yur children’s lives, even if yu live in the city.
Inspire curisity by being curius yurself. A parent’s excitement can be spread t the children, and when yu shw respect fr nature, yur children fllw suit. 1 . “I dn’t knw! Let’s find ut tgether. ” is a wnderful way t get the ball rlling. Be pen t a mutual adventure and allw yur curius inner child t cme ut while yu explre nature with yur children.
2 . If yu have t carpl(拼車)in the mrning, turn ff the devices instead and encurage yur children t lk ut f the windw. The early mrning fall skies are beautiful with clr and migrating birds. After all, even views f nature frm the car windw are calming and beneficial.
Stp thinking abut nature time as leisure time. Time in nature is an essential investment in yur children’s health and well-being. If yu view nature time as essential t gd health, yu will be mre likely t engage in it. 3 , nurturing creativity and wnder are part f yur respnsibility as parents.
Lk at the stars. Visit yur lcal bservatry, and then drive ut f the city sme mrning r evening fr yur wn stargazing(天體觀察)with a blanket and telescpe. Observing the stars ffers a deeper and wider understanding f the universe. 4 .
Plant a small garden. 5 . Bean and pea plants grw quickly and can be eaten when mature, s teach yur children abut fd and the wnder f grwth.
A. Limit electrnic devices while driving
B. Encurage questins yu dn’t knw the answers t
C. If yu want t raise yur healthy, well-balanced children
D. If yu have the space, help yur children plant a few vegetables
E. It will teach teamwrk, pride in the cmmunity, and family tgetherness
F. If yur child is interested, encurage him t get invlved in the cmmunity
G. Allw yurself t think abut it, and talk t yur children abut that wnder
【文章大意】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了讓孩子融入自然的一些方法。
1. 【解析】選B。由后一句可知, “我不知道! 讓我們一起找到答案”這是一個非常棒的可以讓活動繼續(xù)下去的方式。此處表示鼓勵孩子一起探索你自己也不知道答案的問題, 從而引起好奇心。選項B中的“不知道答案的問題”和后一句中的“我不知道! 讓我們一起找到答案”相呼應, 符合語境。故選B。
2. 【解析】選A。由后一句可知, 如果你必須在早上拼車, 那么關掉電子設備, 然后鼓勵你的孩子們往窗外看看。選項A表達的是“開車的時候限制電子設備”, 和后一句中的“關掉電子設備”相呼應。故選A。
3. 【解析】選C。由空格前兩句可知, 與自然接觸是對你孩子健康和幸福的必要投資。選項C表達的是“如果你想要培養(yǎng)出健康而且明智的孩子”, 是對空格前兩句中的“對孩子健康和幸福的必要投資”的承接。故選C。
4. 【解析】選G。由空格前一句可知, 觀察星空能夠加深對宇宙的理解。選項G表達的是“允許你自己去思考它, 并且和你的孩子們談論那種神奇”, 選項G種的“那種神奇”指代的是前一句表達的“對宇宙的理解”, 前后呼應。故選G。
5. 【解析】選D。由空前后可知, 開辟一個小菜園。豆角和豌豆可以快速生長, 當成熟的時候就可以食用, 這樣可以教會你的孩子們關于食物和生長的奇跡。選項D表達的是“如果你有空間, 幫助你的孩子們種一些蔬菜”, 是對前后的承接與呼應。故選D。
完形填空
Space explratin has always been the prvince f 1 : The human imaginatin readily sars where human ingenuity (聰明才智)struggles t fllw. A Vyage t the Mn, ften cited as the first science fictin stry, was written by Cyran de Bergerac in 1649. Cyran was dead and buried fr a gd three centuries 2 the first manned rckets started t fly.
In 1961, when President Kennedy declared that America wuld send a man t the mn by the 3 ’s end, thse wrds, t, had a dreamlike quality. They resnated with ptimism and ambitin in much the same way as the mst famus 4 speech f all, delivered by Martin Luther King Jr. tw years later. By the end f the decade, bth visins had yielded cncrete results and 5 American sciety. And yet in many ways the tw dreams ended up 6 each ther. The fight fr racial and ecnmic equality is intensely pragmatic (講求實用的)and immediate in its impact. The urge t explre space is just the ppsite. It is figuratively and literally therwrldly in its 7 .
When the dust settled, the space dreamers lst ut. There was n grand fllw-up t the Apll missins. The technlgically cmprmised space shuttle prgram has just cme t an end, with n 8 . The perpetual argument is that 9 are tight, that we have mre pressing prblems here n Earth. Amid the current cncerns abut the federal deficit, reaching tward the stars seems a dispensable luxury— 10 saving ne-thusandth f a single year’s budget wuld slve ur prblems.
But human ingenuity struggles n. NASA is develping a series f rbtic prbes that will get the mst bang frm a buck. They will serve as mdern Magellans, 11 ut the slar system fr whatever explrers fllw, whether man r machine. On the flip side, cmpanies like Virgin Galactic are pltting a bttm-up assault n the space dream by making it a reality t the public. Private spaceflight culd lie within 12 f rich civilians in a few years. Anther decade r tw and it culd g mainstream.
The space dreamers end up benefiting all f us—nt just because f the way they expand human knwledge, r because f the spin-ff 13 they prduce, but because the tw types f dreams feed ff each ther. Bth Martin Luther King and Jhn Kennedy appealed t the idea that humans can 14 what were nce cnsidered inherent limitatins. Tday we face seeming challenges in energy, the envirnment, health care. Tmrrw we will transcend these as well, and the dreamers will deserve a lt f the credit. The mre evidence we cllect that ur species is 15 greatness, the mre we will actually achieve it.
【文章大意】這是一篇議論文。作者認為太空探索一直是夢想家的領域, 它激發(fā)了人類的想象力和創(chuàng)造力。而人類的聰明才智也緊追不舍, 最終將人類送上了太空。
1. A. dreamers B. explrers
C. astrnmersD. nvelists
【解析】選A。句意: 太空探索一直是夢想家的領域: 人類的想象力隨時可以在人類的聰明才智努力追隨的地方翱翔。 dreamers夢想家; explrers探險家; astrnmers天文學家; nvelists小說家。該空格對應著后句中的the human imaginatin, 因此推斷應該是夢想家。故選A。
2. A. after B. befre C. until D. while
【解析】選B。句意: 直到他死后三百年第一個人造火箭才開始飛行。 after在……之后; befre在……之前; until直到……才……; while當……時候。根據(jù)句意和常識可知, 是在他死后才有的人造飛船。故選B。
3. A. yearB. quarterC. centuryD. decade
【解析】選D。句意: 1961年, 當肯尼迪總統(tǒng)宣布美國將在十年內(nèi)將人送上月球時, 那些話也有一種夢幻般的意味。 year年; quarter一刻鐘; century世紀; decade十年。該空對應著后文中的by the end f the decade, 因此選用decade。故選D。
4. A. inspiringB. public
C. dreamD. freedm
【解析】選C。句意: 這些演講中洋溢著樂觀和雄心壯志, 就像馬丁·路德·金發(fā)表的最著名的夢想演講一樣。 inspiring鼓舞人心的; public公眾的; dream夢想; freedm自由。全文集中講述夢想, 所以是夢想演講。故選C。
5. A. attackedB. industrialized
C. transfrmedD. accessed
【解析】選C。句意: 在這十年結束前, 這兩種愿景都取得了具體成果, 改變了美國社會。 attacked攻擊; industrialized使工業(yè)化; transfrmed轉變; accessed接近。故選C。
6. A. in cnflict withB. in line with
C. in cmmn withD. keeping pace with
【解析】選A。句意: 然而, 這兩個夢想在很多方面都以相互沖突而告終。 in cnflict with和……沖突; in line with符合, 與……一致; in cmmn with與……一樣; keeping pace with 跟上。句子中yet 形成轉折, 因此選擇兩種夢想互相沖突。故選A。
7. A. aimsB. influences
C. cncernsD. terms
【解析】選A。句意: 探索太空的欲望正好相反。在它的目的上, 無論是比喻上還是字面上, 它都是超凡脫俗的。 aims目標; influences影響; cncerns關心; terms條款。根據(jù)上文The fight fr racial and ecnmic equality is intensely pragmatic and immediate in its impact. The urge t explre space is just the ppsite. 可知, 此處是指目標上。故選A。
8. A. ancestrB. successr
C. frefatherD. advcate
【解析】選B。句意: 技術上受到威脅的航天飛機計劃剛剛結束, 沒有繼任者。 ancestr祖先; successr繼承人; frefather先輩; advcate擁護者。與上文中的has just cme t an end順承, 即航天飛機計劃擱淺并且沒有繼承人。故選B。
9. A. situatinsB. securities
C. fundsD. schedules
【解析】選C。句意: 長期的爭論是資金緊張, 我們在地球上有更緊迫的問題。situatins狀況; securities證券; funds資金, 基金; schedules日程安排。與后句中的federal deficit(聯(lián)邦財政赤字)對應, 應該是財政吃緊。故選C。
10. A. just likeB. n cnditin that
C. as ifD. s that
【解析】選C。句意: 到達太空是非必需的奢侈品, 好像我們需要節(jié)省一整年的千分之一的預算才能解決我們的問題。 just like正如; n cnditin that如果; as if好像; s that 以便。根據(jù)句意, 尤其是空前的破折號可知, 此處是一種比方。故選C。
11. A. makingB. figuring
C. sweepingD. mapping
【解析】選D 。句意: 他們將扮演現(xiàn)代麥哲倫的角色, 為探險者繪制出太陽系的藍圖, 無論探險者是人還是機器。making制作; figuring計算; sweeping打掃; mapping繪圖。根據(jù)句意中提到的Magellans可知, 此處是指為探險者繪制藍圖。故選D。
12. A. reachB. management
C. cntrlD. knwledge
【解析】選A。句意: 幾年后, 富裕的平民百姓可以進行私人太空飛行。reach范圍; management管理; cntrl控制; knwledge知識。within reach f 夠得到, 結合句意。故選A。
13. A. prductinsB. chips
C. technlgiesD. substitutes
【解析】選C。句意: 太空夢想家最終使我們所有人受益——不僅僅是因為他們擴展人類知識的方式, 或者因為他們生產(chǎn)的副產(chǎn)品技術, 而是因為這兩種夢想相互促進。 prductins產(chǎn)品; chips炸薯條; technlgies技術; substitutes替代品。結合句意和語境及句中的r可知, 此處是指技術。故選C。
14. A. g beyndB. g thrugh
C. g afterD. g ver
【解析】選A。句意: 馬丁·路德·金和約翰·肯尼迪都呼吁人們能夠超越曾經(jīng)被認為是固有的局限性。 g beynd超出; g thrugh經(jīng)歷; g after追求; g ver復習。根據(jù)下文Tmrrw we will transcend these as well, and the dreamers will deserve a lt f the credit. 明天我們也將超越這些, 而夢想家們將得到很大的贊揚。可知, 此處是指超出固有的局限性。故選A。
15. A. in ignrance fB. capable f
C. prud fD. in favr f
【解析】選B。句意: 我們收集到的證據(jù)越多, 表明我們這個物種有能力成就偉大的事業(yè), 我們就會取得越多的成就。in ignrance f不知道; capable f能夠; prud f為……自豪; in favr f支持。根據(jù)上文Tmrrw we will transcend these as well, and the dreamers will deserve a lt f the credit. 可知, 這些都是我們的能力。故選B。

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