一、“say”相關(guān)表達(dá)
(一) “…, /? / !” sb said in a…vice/tne (某人以……的聲音/語氣說……)
- “Can we speak privately?” she said in a lw/sft/quiet vice.(“我們能私下里談?wù)剢?”她低聲/輕聲/悄聲說。)
- “I can’t bear it,” he said in a chked vice.(“我實(shí)在忍不下去了?!彼曇暨煅实卣f道。)
- “Well, g n,” said Camilla, her vice fairly steady.(“好吧,請(qǐng)繼續(xù),”卡米拉用很沉著的語氣說道。)
- 本句型是vice的一種變式,即獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu),構(gòu)成:ne’s vice + adj./ding,例如“trembling, sft” 。
- “Mary Ann! Mary Ann!” said the vice. “Fetch me my glves this mment!” Then came a little pattering f feet n the stairs.(“瑪麗·安!瑪麗·安!”那個(gè)聲音喊道,“馬上把我的手套拿過來!”然后樓梯上傳來一陣微弱的啪嗒啪嗒的腳步聲。)
- 類似的表達(dá)如:“Cward!” a tiny inner vice insisted.(“膽小鬼!”內(nèi)心一個(gè)小聲音堅(jiān)持說。)
(二)“…, /? / !” sb said + with/in+n. (例如:anger, astnishment) (某人帶著……情緒說……)
- “Thank yu,” they said in chrus.(“謝謝。”他們齊聲說道。)
- “Yu’re safe!” Tm cried in delight.(“你安全啦!”湯姆高興地大聲說道。)
- “Hw wnderful!” she said with enthusiasm.(“多棒?。 彼d致勃勃說道。)
(三)“…, /? / !” sb said + adv. (某人……地說……)
- “Lk, I’ve gt a wbbly tth,” said my little daughter, prudly.(“瞧,我有一顆牙活動(dòng)了?!蔽业男∨畠候湴恋卣f道。)
(四)“…, /? / !” said sb, 非謂語動(dòng)詞 (某人說……,同時(shí)做……動(dòng)作)
- “This tastes hrrible,” said Tm, pulling a face at his glass.(“這太難喝了,”湯姆一臉苦相地看著杯子說道。)
- “Sit dwn,” she replied, stressing each wrd.(“坐下,”她一字一頓地說道。)
(五)“…, /? / !” said sb, 狀語或狀語從句 (after ding, as, when, befre, as if...) (某人在……情況下說……)
- “I—I’m a little girl,” said Alice, rather dubtfully, as she remembered the number f changes she had gne thrugh that day.(“我——我是一個(gè)小女孩,”愛麗絲十分含糊地說,因?yàn)樗肫饋碜约涸谶@一天中經(jīng)歷了很多次變化。)
(六)“…, /? / !” said sb, 形容詞短語 (某人帶著……的情緒或狀態(tài)說……)
- “I’m afraid I dn’t knw ne,” said Alice, rather alarmed at the prpsal.(“恐怕我一個(gè)也講不出來?!睈埯惤z說,這個(gè)建議使她相當(dāng)驚恐。)
(七)Say的同義詞
- “Wh-when can we g-g?” she stammered / murmured.(“我們什……什么時(shí)候能……能走?”她結(jié)結(jié)巴巴地說道。)
- “Eva!” he yelled.(“伊娃!”他大喊道。)
- “I wn!” she exclaimed.(“我贏了!”她大喊道。)
- “Help!” he screamed.(“救命啊!”他大聲喊道。)
- “It’s t ht!” he graned.(“太熱了!”他抱怨道。)
- “David,” she whispered, drawing him aside.(“戴維,”她把他拉到一邊悄悄說。)
(八)Say的省略
- “Am I welcme?” He smiled hpefully, leaning n the dr.(“歡迎我嗎?”他靠在門上,滿懷希望地笑著說道。)
- “But Ian’s such a simpletn”, she laughed.(“可是伊恩太傻了,”她笑著說道。)
(九)Say的概括
- I tld him what had happened.(我告訴他發(fā)生的一切。)
- I share with him the stry (f...).(我和他分享了這個(gè)事情。)
- I stammered ut my histry.(我結(jié)結(jié)巴巴地講述了我的過去。)
- He pured ut his trubles t me.(他對(duì)我傾訴了他的煩惱。)
二、“wrd”相關(guān)表達(dá)
(一)說出話
- “I’ll call yu back” were the last wrds I heard befre she hung up.(在她掛電話前,我聽到她說,“我會(huì)回電話的?!保?br>- “Yu dn’t even like art.” The wrds pur ut f me.(我脫口而出,“你甚至不喜歡藝術(shù)?!保?br>- As if he culd read my thughts, he said in a rush f wrds.(他似乎知道我在想什么,快速說道。)
- In her nervusness she stumbled ver her wrds.(她因緊張說話結(jié)結(jié)巴巴的。)
(二)有感情的話
- As I said thse tw small wrds I saw relief in his eyes.(當(dāng)我說這兩個(gè)小字時(shí),我看到他的眼睛里流露出寬慰的神情。)
- “I heard them talking,” Birdie said, her wrds chked by tears. “They’ve cme fr yu!”(“我聽到他們?cè)谡f話,”伯蒂說,她的話被淚水嗆住了?!八麄兪莵碚夷愕?”)
- His wrds rang with pride.(他的話充滿了驕傲。)
- His wrds were a mixture f pity and praise.(他的話里既有同情也有贊揚(yáng)。)
(三)不舒服的話
- Her wrds stung like s many sharp stnes.(她的話像尖銳的石頭一樣刺痛著我。)
- The wrds came at him hard and cld.(這些話對(duì)他來說是冷冰冰的。)
- His wrds sent a chill dwn her spine.(他的話讓她覺得毛骨悚然。)
(四)認(rèn)真地說和對(duì)方的反饋
- I listened intently, hanging n every wrd.(我聚精會(huì)神地聽著,一字不漏。)
- The wrds seemed t ring ut frm his thughts — We’re here.(這句話似乎從他的腦海中響起——我們來了。)
- “Sit dwn,” she replied, stressing each wrd / pausing n each wrd.(“坐下,”她一字一頓地說道。)
- Her encuraging wrds fell n deaf ears.(她鼓舞人心的話被置若罔聞。)
(五)說不出話
- She paused, at a lss fr wrds.(她停頓了一下,想不出合適的話語。)
- Despair chked her wrds.(她絕望得說不出話來。)
- Chet pened his muth t say smething, but the wrds seemed t be all stuck tgether. S he just ndded.(切特張開嘴想說些什么,但這些話似乎都粘在一起了。所以他只是點(diǎn)了點(diǎn)頭。)
(六)牢記的話
- Her wrds ech in my memry t this day. “Oh, yu’re beautiful!”(她說的那句“哦,你好漂亮!”至今在我的記憶中回響。)
- His quiet wrds still ring in my memry, “Yu dn’t understand. I can’t sleep at night.”(他平靜的話仍回蕩在我的記憶里,“你不理解,我就是晚上睡不著?!保?br>- Fr a few stunned secnds, I let his wrds wash ver me and sink in s that I wuld never frget them.(在震驚的幾秒鐘里,我任由他的話沖刷著我,這樣我就能永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記。)
- Uncle Benny’s wrds whispered in his head.(本尼叔叔的話在他腦海中低語。)
(七)改變?nèi)说脑?
- “I’ll d it,” I said, knwing thse few simple wrds wuld change my life frever.(“我會(huì)的,”我說,我知道這幾句簡(jiǎn)單的話將永遠(yuǎn)改變我的生活。)
- The wrds rang true, nestled in my brain, and calmed my anxius heart.(這些話聽起來很真實(shí),在我的腦海里扎下了根,安撫了我焦慮的心。)
- I wrte thse wrds in my ntebk: Walk backwards!(我在筆記本上寫下了這些話:向后走?。?br>- His wrds shifted me int a new space f thinking. He was abslutely right.(他的話把我?guī)肓艘粋€(gè)新的思考空間。他完全正確。)
(八)說完后
- These wrds were fllwed by a very lng silence.(他說完這些話后,大家又沉默了好一陣。)
- And with these wrds, he went int his bedrm where he finished dressing.(說完這些,他走到臥室里去換衣服了。)
- And at these wrds he went ut.(說完這些話,他就離開了。)
三.常見容易丟分的“說”
錯(cuò)誤一 濫用修飾詞
【典例1】“Hw can yu d this?"she said angrily, lking at me furiusly.
【點(diǎn)睛】 此句使用了大量副調(diào)。并且套用了分詞作伴隨的句型。過度使用副詞讓閱卷老師覺得你詞匯貧乏。廢話連篇,對(duì)情節(jié)發(fā)展和刻畫人物性格沒有幫助。
【典例2】“That is fantastic news,”he said happily.
【點(diǎn)睛】 此句中完全沒有必要加上一個(gè)happily來表達(dá)說的方式,因?yàn)榫渲械膄antastic一詞足以說明說話人的表情,過度強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)話標(biāo)簽會(huì)讓讀者的注意力集中在“說話的方式”而不是“說話的內(nèi)容”。
錯(cuò)誤二 追求花哨,過度使用“對(duì)話標(biāo)簽”
【典例】“Hey,hw are yu?”“I’m fine, hw are yu?”
“Hw is the weather?”“Terrific! Nice day fr a walk isn't it?”
【點(diǎn)睛】 這樣的對(duì)話在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中很真實(shí),但是小說畢竟是藝術(shù)加工,無助情節(jié)推動(dòng)的,不能刻畫人物性格的日常寒暄和偏離文章主線的對(duì)話絕對(duì)不用。
錯(cuò)誤三 用詞不當(dāng),邏輯混淆
【典例】“I can't believe it,” Emma gasped.“That's hilarius,” Henry chuckled.
【點(diǎn)睛】這里把動(dòng)作描寫邏輯混淆了,gasp(喘息)不能.chuckle(輕笑)出一句話。
“I can't believe it” Emma said with a gasp.(Dialgue tag+with介詞短語)
錯(cuò)誤四 重復(fù)使用,廢話堆積
【典例】“I tld yu already,”I said, glaring.
【點(diǎn)睛】 此句對(duì)話中的主語“1”已經(jīng)清晰地說明了說話者,完全沒有必要用 dialgue tag“I said”來說明說話對(duì)象??梢约由弦稽c(diǎn)動(dòng)作描寫就可以避免這種錯(cuò)誤,并且提升語言的生動(dòng)性。I glared at him,“I tld yu already.”
綜合實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練
On July 8,2017,eight members f a family in ttal,were enjying an evening tgether at the beach in Panhandle,F(xiàn)lrida.As the sun sank lwer n the hrizn,the tw bys Nah,11,and Stephen,8—swam int the waves withut the grwn-ups nticing.Sn they realized that the cean had pulled them int the sea.After trying and failing t swim back,they started waving and screaming fr help.But the lifeguards had been ff duty fr the evening.
The bys had been struggling fr several minutes when Jacky and Tabatha,a cuple frm Gergia,heard them.They dived int the water and sn reached the tw brthers.But after a few minutes,they were all trapped in a rip current(離岸流)—a pwerful ne that culd sweep even the strngest swimmer ut t sea! By then,sme teenagers had heard the cry.One f the teens rushed int the water,grabbed Jacky,and pulled him back t shre.Meanwhile,Tabatha culd feel herself being pulled farther ut.She was already exhausted and beginning t feel desperate as she was trying t save bth bys alne.
Onshre,Jacky was terrified.A man stpped.“What’s wrng?” asked Shaun,wh was heading back t his car.“My wife is drwning!” Brittany said.Shaun immediately strde(大步跨)int the water.But several minutes later,a gaping 15 feet still lay between him and Tabatha and the bys.He knew that if he cntinued,he’d becme anther victim.He turned arund t seek help.
It was abut that time that Rberta,the bys’ mther,returned frm the bathrm and lked arund fr her children.She was shcked t spt them flating much farther ut than they were allwed t g.She fught the waves t get t her screaming sns and the stranger wh was trying t save them,but she quickly discvered it was nearly impssible t make headway in any directin.Lking arund,Rberta sighed with relief t see sme mre peple cming t help.
注意:
所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;
續(xù)寫部分分為兩段,每段的開頭語已為你寫好;
Paragraph 1
When they tried in vain t rescue the brthers and Tabatha,a risky idea came t them.
___________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2
By then,mre swimmers had als nticed the grup in truble and rushed t jin the human chain.
___________________________________________________________________________
翻譯小練習(xí):
為了不讓自己在激流中失去立足點(diǎn),他們開始互相抓住,形成一條從海灘一直延伸到掙扎的人和塔巴塔的人類鏈。
___________________________________________________________________________
他們緊緊地聯(lián)系在一起,把腳牢牢地插在沙子里,以確保他們的安全。
___________________________________________________________________________
然而,這需要更多的鏈接,可能有幾十個(gè)。
____________________________________________________________________________
肖恩在海灘上發(fā)現(xiàn)了其他的游泳者,喊道:“別光站在那兒!來幫忙吧?!?br>___________________________________________________________________________
一個(gè)接一個(gè),一個(gè)接一個(gè),完全陌生的人走進(jìn)海浪里,緊緊抓住對(duì)方的手腕,決心不讓任何人死在海灘上。
___________________________________________________________________________
最后,他們成功了,Tabatha和兩個(gè)兄弟得救了!“海灘上的那些人是地球上的天使,”羅伯塔說。
___________________________________________________________________________
“不管是第一個(gè)人還是最后一個(gè)人,他們都是我們的英雄,幫助我們的家庭擺脫了困境。
___________________________________________________________________________
參考答案:
為了不讓自己在激流中失去立足點(diǎn),他們開始互相抓住,形成一條從海灘一直延伸到掙扎的人和塔巴塔的人類鏈。
T keep themselves frm lsing their fting in the rip current, they began hlding n t ne anther t frm a human chain extending frm the beach all the way ut t the struggling and Tabatha.
他們緊緊地聯(lián)系在一起,把腳牢牢地插在沙子里,以確保他們的安全。
They stayed linked tightly and managed t ensure they were safe by making their feet firmly planted in the sand.
然而,這需要更多的鏈接,可能有幾十個(gè)。
Hwever, that required mre links—prbably dzens f them.
肖恩在海灘上發(fā)現(xiàn)了其他的游泳者,喊道:“別光站在那兒!來幫忙吧?!?br>Shaun sptted ther swimmers n the beach and shuted, “Dn’t just stand there! Cme and help.”
一個(gè)接一個(gè),一個(gè)接一個(gè),完全陌生的人走進(jìn)海浪里,緊緊抓住對(duì)方的手腕,決心不讓任何人死在海灘上。
One by ne,link by link,ttal strangers walked int the waves and grasped ne anther by the wrists,determined that n ne wuld die n that beach.
最后,他們成功了,Tabatha和兩個(gè)兄弟得救了!“海灘上的那些人是地球上的天使,”羅伯塔說。
At last,they made it and Tabatha and the tw brthers were saved! “Thse peple n the beach are angels n earth,”said Rberta.
“不管是第一個(gè)人還是最后一個(gè)人,他們都是我們的英雄,幫助我們的家庭擺脫了困境。
“Whether it is the first persn r the last persn in the chain,they are all ur heres,wh helped get ur family ut f truble.”
參考范文:
Paragraph 1
When they tried in vain t rescue the brthers and Tabatha,a risky idea came t them. T keep themselves frm lsing their fting in the rip current, they began hlding n t ne anther t frm a human chain extending frm the beach all the way ut t the struggling and Tabatha. They stayed linked tightly and managed t ensure they were safe by making their feet firmly planted in the sand. Hwever, that required mre links—prbably dzens f them. Shaun sptted ther swimmers n the beach and shuted, “Dn’t just stand there! Cme and help.”
Paragraph 2
By then,mre swimmers had als nticed the grup in truble and rushed t jin the human chain.One by ne,link by link,ttal strangers walked int the waves and grasped ne anther by the wrists,determined that n ne wuld die n that beach.At last,they made it and Tabatha and the tw brthers were saved! “Thse peple n the beach are angels n earth,”said Rberta.“Whether it is the first persn r the last persn in the chain,they are all ur heres,wh helped get ur family ut f truble.”

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