
一、語(yǔ)基必備知識(shí)
(一)重點(diǎn)詞匯——分類記憶
Ⅰ.閱讀詞匯——知其意
1.multicultural adj. 多種文化的
2.polar adj. 極地的;近極地的
3.quiz n. 測(cè)驗(yàn);問(wèn)答比賽
4.minister n. 大臣;部長(zhǎng)
5.eagle n. 鷹
6.a(chǎn)cre n. 英畝
7.urban adj. 城市的;市鎮(zhèn)的
8.bush n. 灌木(叢);矮樹(shù)(叢)
9.maple n. 楓;楓樹(shù)
10.frost n. 霜;霜凍
11.misty adj. 有薄霧的;模糊的
12.booth n. 公用電話間;貨攤;售貨亭
13.buffet n. 自助餐;飲食柜臺(tái)
14.a(chǎn)pproximately adv. 接近;大約
Ⅱ.核心詞匯——寫(xiě)其形
1.chat vi.& n. 聊天;閑聊
2.scenery n. 景色;風(fēng)景
3.measure vi.& vt. 測(cè)量;衡量;判定
n. 計(jì)量制;計(jì)量單位;措施
4.a(chǎn)board prep.& adv. 在(船、飛機(jī)、火車或公共汽
車)上;上(船、飛機(jī)、火車等)
5.within prep. 在……之內(nèi)
6.harbour n.(=harbor) 海港
7.nearby adv. 在附近
adj. 附近的;鄰近的
8.downtown adj. 市區(qū)的
adv. 在市區(qū);往市區(qū)
9.pleased adj. 欣喜的;高興的
10.topic n. 話題
11.dawn n. 黎明;拂曉;破曉
12.broad adj. 寬闊的;廣泛的
13.continent n. 洲;大陸
14.baggage n. 行李
Ⅲ.拓展詞匯——通其變
1.surround vt.包圍;圍繞→surroundings n.(復(fù)數(shù))周圍的事物;環(huán)境→surrounding adj.周圍的
2.slight adj.輕微的;微小的→slightly adv.稍稍;輕微地
3.tradition n.傳統(tǒng);風(fēng)俗→traditional adj.傳統(tǒng)的→traditionally adv.傳統(tǒng)地
4.impress vt.使印象深刻;使銘記→impressive adj.給人深刻印象的;感人的→impression n.印象
5.terrify vt.使恐怖;恐嚇→terrified adj.恐懼的;受驚嚇的→terrifying adj.令人恐懼的→terror n.恐懼→terrible adj.恐怖的;恐懼的
6.wealthy adj.富有的→wealth n.財(cái)富
7.mix vt.& vi.混合;調(diào)配→mixture n.混合(物);混合狀態(tài)
8.distant adj.遠(yuǎn)的;遠(yuǎn)方的→distance n.距離;遠(yuǎn)方
1.-y后綴常見(jiàn)形容詞聚焦
①wealth→wealthy 富有的
②thirst→thirsty 渴的;渴望的
③taste→tasty 美味的
④sleep→sleepy 困的
⑤guilt→guilty 內(nèi)疚的;有罪的
⑥health→healthy 健康的
2.“說(shuō)”法薈萃
①chat vi.& n. 聊天;閑聊
②whisper vi.& vt. 小聲說(shuō);耳語(yǔ)
③inform vt. 通知;告知
④announce vt. 宣告;宣布
⑤declare vt. 宣布;聲明
⑥state vt. 聲明;陳述
3.“可怕的”高頻形容詞
①terrifying 極其可怕的;嚇人的
②frightening 嚇人的;可怕的
③alarming 令人驚恐的
④awful 可怕的;驚人的
⑤horrible 恐怖的
⑥terrible 可怕的
(二)重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)——記牢用活
1.rather__than 與其;不愿
2.manage__to__do 設(shè)法做
3.have__a__gift__for 有……天賦
4.a(chǎn)ll__the__way 一直
5.a(chǎn)s__far__as 遠(yuǎn)到;直到
6.go__through 穿過(guò);檢查
7.settle__down 定居;平靜下來(lái);專心于
8.catch__sight__of 看見(jiàn);瞥見(jiàn)
9.in__the__distance 在遠(yuǎn)處
10.dream__of 夢(mèng)想
11.a(chǎn)t__dawn 在黎明時(shí)
12.go__downtown 去商業(yè)區(qū)
13.be__famous__for 因……而著名
1.“v.+down”短語(yǔ)集錦
①burn down 燒毀
②pass down 傳下來(lái)
③bring down 使降低
④break down 分解;累垮
⑤cut down 削減;砍倒
⑥settle down 定居;平靜下來(lái);專心于
2.“be+過(guò)去分詞+with”結(jié)構(gòu)一覽
①be surrounded with 被……包圍
②be impressed with 對(duì)……印象深刻
③be equipped with 配備有……
④be crowded with 擠滿……
⑤be covered with 被……覆蓋
⑥be satisfied with 對(duì)……滿意
(三)重點(diǎn)句式——背熟巧用
句型公式
教材原句
句型1:rather than“與其;不愿;而不是”,連接兩個(gè)并列成分
Rather__than__take__the__aeroplane all the way, they decided to fly to Vancouver... 她們不想一路乘飛機(jī),而決定先飛到溫哥華……
句型2:獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)
It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring__over__90__metres. 那兒濕度很大,所以樹(shù)都長(zhǎng)得特別高,一些樹(shù)測(cè)量起來(lái)高達(dá)90多米。
句型3:as far as...遠(yuǎn)至……;就……而言;盡……所能
It’s too bad you can’t__go__as__far__as Ottawa, Canada’s capital.
很可惜你們不能一直走到加拿大的首都渥太華。
句型4:由and連接的兩個(gè)并列賓語(yǔ)從句,第二個(gè)連接詞that不可省略
The girls told him they were on a train trip across Canada and that__they__had__only__one__day in Montreal.
姑娘們告訴他,她們是坐火車來(lái)旅游的,要橫穿加拿大,在蒙特利爾只待一天。
二、語(yǔ)境強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練
Ⅰ.語(yǔ)境填詞——根據(jù)提示寫(xiě)出該詞的適當(dāng)形式
1.(2019·北京卷)Regardless of the weather or the distance(距離), Paul Wilson will make sure low-income students in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time.
2.We listened to the news with a mixture(混合) of surprise and happiness.
3. (2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ書(shū)面表達(dá))We are to meet on Sunday morning in the People’s Park,where the air is fresh and the scenery(景色;風(fēng)景) is beautiful.
4.The flight with 145 passengers aboard(在飛機(jī)上) from Tokyo landed on the airport in Beijing yesterday.
5.Qingdao is a beautiful coastal city and also one of the most important harbo(u)rs(海港) in China.
6.I am pleased(please) to have this chance today to talk to you about the Chinese culture.
7.At present the local government is taking measures(measure) to reduce the pollution.
8.He likes chatting(chat) about the things with his friends on the Internet.
Ⅱ.語(yǔ)境品詞——寫(xiě)出加黑詞匯在語(yǔ)境中的意義
1. (2018·江蘇卷任務(wù)型閱讀)In 2005, when the Bishop Arts Theatre was donated to our town, the location was considered a poor area of town.位置
2.(2018·北京卷閱讀D)They tolerate long, slow journeys to and from work on packed highways because they can work, entertain themselves or sleep on the ride, which encourages urban spread.城市的;市鎮(zhèn)的
3.(全國(guó)卷Ⅰ語(yǔ)法填空)My ambassadorial duties will include introducing British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.有薄霧的;模糊的
4.(2018·江蘇卷閱讀B)As for crowds, a Hong Kong study found that they increased a restaurant’s reputation, suggesting great food at fair prices.And doubling a buffet’s price led customers to say that its pizza was 11 percent tastier.自助餐
Ⅲ.派生詞練習(xí)——用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1.The little boy mixed vinegar with sugar, and the mixture tasted not so bad. (mix)
2.When they saw the terrifying scene, everyone on the spot felt terrified and couldn’t say a word.(terrify)
3.Surrounded by the forest,the village has beautiful surroundings,which attract many visitors from surrounding areas.(surround)
4.So charming are the sights of Jiuzhaigou that they leave a deep impression on visitors from home and abroad.To tell you the truth, I am deeply impressed by its beautiful scenery. (impress)
5.Though there is a long distance between Tom and his family, they don’t feel distant.(distance)
6.Robert left his hometown as a poor boy and returned as an extremely wealthy man. However, he knows that wealth doesn’t mean everything. (wealth)
Ⅳ.選詞成篇
rather than; catch sight of; (be)surrounded by; mix...with...; dream of; all the way; settle down; manage to do
We all know that we should learn to 1.mix work with proper rest, but it is easier said than done. We have always been 2.dreaming__of visiting Austria, which is not only a travelling paradise for tourists but also a perfect place to 3.settle__down. However, it was not until last month that we 4.managed__to make it.My parents and I decided to take a plane 5.rather__than a ship to visit Austria.While going travelling, we 6.caught__sight__of houses 7.surrounded__by green trees 8.all__the__way. I think we should also take effective measures to make our country more beautiful.
Ⅴ.完成句子
1.正是那些甘愿奉獻(xiàn)而不索取的人才應(yīng)得到尊敬。
It is those who are willing to give rather__than__receive that deserve to be respected.
2.樹(shù)葉到處飄落,我突然意識(shí)到秋天來(lái)臨了。
Leaves__falling__here__and__there,__I suddenly notice autumn is drawing upon.
3.古時(shí)候,人們很少出遠(yuǎn)門(mén),大多數(shù)農(nóng)民去的最遠(yuǎn)的地方是當(dāng)?shù)丶小?br />
In ancient times, people rarely travelled long distances and most farmers only travelled__as__far__as__the__local__market.
4.琳達(dá)說(shuō)她要去見(jiàn)湯姆,并且不會(huì)告訴任何人有關(guān)這次約會(huì)的事情。
Linda said (that) she would meet Tom and__that she wouldn’t tell anyone about the appointment.
surround vt.包圍;圍繞
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空
①(2019·江蘇卷)Steve arrived and sat in the front row,surrounded(surround) by his family.
②The surrounding(surround) villages have been absorbed by the growing city.
③Only in this way can we live in more comfortable and beautiful surroundings(surround).
[能力提升]——完成句子
④總之,歡迎你來(lái)我們學(xué)校并希望你能很快適應(yīng)新環(huán)境。
In a word, you are welcome to our school and I hope you can adapt__to__the__new__surroundings soon.
(1)surround...with... 使……包圍……
be surrounded by/with... 被……包圍
(2)surrounding adj. 周圍的
(3)surroundings n. 環(huán)境
[佳句背誦] People say it is Canada’s most beautiful city, surrounded by mountains and the Pacific Ocean. 人們說(shuō)它是加拿大最美麗的城市,被大山和太平洋環(huán)抱。
[名師點(diǎn)津] surroundings常用復(fù)數(shù)形式,表示周圍的具體的物質(zhì)環(huán)境。
measure vi.& vt.測(cè)量;衡量;判定 n.計(jì)量制;計(jì)量單位;措施
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空
①It’s generally acknowledged that education shouldn’t be__measured(measure) only by examination results.
②Some villagers reported a huge snake, measuring(measure) over two metres long, was found dead in a nearby cave.
[能力提升]——一句多譯
是時(shí)候我們應(yīng)該采取措施阻止空氣被污染了。
③It’s high time that we should__take__measures to keep the air from being polluted.
④It’s high time that we took__action to prevent the air from being polluted.
⑤It’s time for us to take__steps to stop the air from being polluted.
(1)measure...by... 用……來(lái)衡量……
(2)take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事
make sth.to one’s own measure
為某人量身定做某物
[佳句背誦] In the old days, my mother always made new clothes to my own measure with the Spring Festival approaching.
過(guò)去,媽媽在春節(jié)來(lái)臨時(shí)總是為我量身定做新衣服。
[名師點(diǎn)津] “采取措施做某事”種種表達(dá):
take measures to do sth.
take steps to do sth.
take action to do sth.
distance n.距離;遠(yuǎn)方;遙遠(yuǎn);疏遠(yuǎn) v.拉開(kāi)距離;與……疏遠(yuǎn)
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空
①We spotted them waving to us at a distance of two hundred yards.
②We often walk to the beach,which is within walking distance of my house.
③It was difficult to get along well with her because she always kept everyone at a distance.
④(2018·浙江卷6月讀后續(xù)寫(xiě))Much to our delight,the sound of water in the distance caught our attention and drove us to the river bank.
(1)in the distance 在遠(yuǎn)處
at a distance (of) 在……遠(yuǎn)的地方;距離稍遠(yuǎn)
within walking distance 在步行距離內(nèi)
(2)keep sb. at a distance 與某人保持一定距離
(3)distant adj. 遙遠(yuǎn)的;遠(yuǎn)處的;久遠(yuǎn)的
[佳句背誦] Take your time—it’s just a short distance from here to the restaurant.
別急——從這兒到餐館僅有一小段距離。
impress vt.使銘記;銘刻;使印象深刻
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空
①(天津卷書(shū)面表達(dá))What impresses(impress) us most are your art skills, in which you showed outstanding talent.
②This is the most impressive(impress) building I have ever seen on my trip to Egypt.
[能力提升]——一句多譯
(2019·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ書(shū)面表達(dá))我堅(jiān)信今年的音樂(lè)節(jié)會(huì)給你留下深刻的印象。
③I hold the firm belief that this year’s music festival will impress__you__deeply. (impress vt.)
④I am firmly convinced that you will be__deeply__impressed__by/at/with this year’s music festival.(impressed adj.)
⑤I do believe that this year’s music festival will surely leave__a__deep__impression__on__you.(impression n.)
(1) 使某人牢記某事
be impressed by/at/with sb./sth.
對(duì)某人/某事(物)印象深刻
(2)impression n. 印象;感想
leave/make a(n)...impression on/upon sb.
給某人留下……的印象
(3) impressive adj. 給人深刻印象的;感人的
[佳句背誦] You will surely be impressed with those beautiful paper-cutting art works. 那些漂亮的剪紙藝術(shù)品一定會(huì)給你留下深刻的印象。(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ書(shū)面表達(dá))
manage to do 設(shè)法做成;成功地做
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空/對(duì)比填空
①Such a naughty boy is really hard to__manage(manage).
②That’s not a hard job. I’m sure I can manage it myself.
③No matter what happened, I tried to finish my task on schedule. Luckily, with my teacher’s timely help, I managed to finish it ahead of time.(try與manage)
[能力提升]——微寫(xiě)作
④首先,設(shè)法閱讀一些在中國(guó)文學(xué)中起重要作用的有關(guān)唐詩(shī)的資料。
(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ書(shū)面表達(dá))At first, please manage__to__read__some__materials about Tang Poetry, which plays a significant role in Chinese literature.
(1)manage to do sth. 成功做了某事
(2)manage sb. 設(shè)法對(duì)付某人
manage sth. 經(jīng)營(yíng)/管理某事
manage it 能做到
[佳句背誦] We will manage to accomplish the task in time even though it is difficult.
盡管任務(wù)艱巨,我們也要及時(shí)完成。
[名師點(diǎn)津] (1)manage to do sth.相當(dāng)于succeed in doing sth.,表示“成功地做了某事”,重在結(jié)果;
(2)try to do sth.表示“盡力做某事”,重在動(dòng)作,不一定成功。
catch sight of 看見(jiàn);瞥見(jiàn)
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——用sight的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)填空
①At__the__sight__of his mother, the boy burst into tears.
②Suddenly they got separated, and then lost__sight__of each other.
③As the old saying goes, “Out__of__sight,__out of mind.”
[能力提升]——詞匯升級(jí)
④(普通表達(dá))Standing at the top of the hill, you can see the whole city.
(高級(jí)表達(dá))Standing at the top of the hill, you can catch__sight__of the whole city.
come into sight 進(jìn)入視線,映入眼簾
lose sight of 看不見(jiàn)
at first sight 乍一看;初看時(shí)
at the sight of 一看見(jiàn)
out of sight 看不見(jiàn)
[佳句背誦] Don’t let me catch sight of you doing such kind of foolish things again!
不要讓我再看到你做這種愚蠢的事情!
settle down 定居;平靜下來(lái);專心于
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空
①Wait until the students settle down before you start the lesson.
②Before we settle down to discussing(discuss) other things,I’ve a question to ask you.
③We love peace and hope that the problem can be__settled(settle) in a peaceful way.
[能力提升]——完成句子
④父母希望我安定下來(lái),和新同學(xué)相處融洽。
My parents wish me to__settle__down__and__get__on__well__with my new classmates.
settle down to (doing) sth. 開(kāi)始專注于某事物;著手認(rèn)真做某事
settle in/into 安頓下來(lái);適應(yīng)新的工作環(huán)境等
settle a problem/an argument 解決問(wèn)題/爭(zhēng)議
[佳句背誦] With a lot of difficult problems to settle,the newly-elected president is having a hard time. 有許多難題要解決,新當(dāng)選的總統(tǒng)要度過(guò)一段艱難的時(shí)期。
rather than “與其;不愿;而不是”,連接兩個(gè)并列成分
(教材P34)Rather than take the aeroplane all the way, they decided to fly to Vancouver...
她們不想一路乘飛機(jī),而決定先飛到溫哥華……
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——用than的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)填空
①They said the director,rather__than the clerks,was responsible for the incident.
②As a matter of fact, I don’t know any French people other__than you.
③(2019·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ書(shū)面表達(dá))I’m more__than delighted to inform you that this year’s music festival will be held shortly.
[能力提升]——一句多譯
如果我不得不放棄其中一個(gè), 我會(huì)關(guān)掉電視而不是關(guān)掉我的手機(jī)。
④If I had to give up one of them, I would__turn__off__the__TV__rather__than switch off my cellphone.
⑤If I had to give up one of them, I would__rather__turn__off__the__TV__than switch off my cellphone.
⑥If I had to give up one of them, I prefer__to__turn__off__the__TV__rather__than switch off my cellphone.
(1)
(2)other than 不同于;除了……外
or rather 更確切地說(shuō)
more than 多于;不僅僅;非?!?
[佳句背誦] Rather than use knives and forks as Westerners do, Chinese like to eat with chopsticks.
中國(guó)人喜歡用筷子吃飯,而不是像西方人那樣用刀和叉。 (2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ書(shū)面表達(dá))
[名師點(diǎn)津] rather than連接主語(yǔ)及其附屬成分時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與rather than前面的主語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。
as far as...遠(yuǎn)至……;就……而言;盡……所能
(教材P38)It’s too bad you can’t go as far as Ottawa, Canada’s capital. 很可惜你們不能一直走到加拿大的首都渥太華。
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——完成句子
①他的父母全力支持他。
His parents supported him as__far__as__they__could.
②就我所知,在那個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)購(gòu)物很方便。
As__far__as__I__know,__it is convenient to do shopping in that small town.
③就我而言,戶外運(yùn)動(dòng)不僅讓我們接近大自然,而且讓我們從繁重的課業(yè)中得到放松。
As__far__as__I__am__concerned,__not__only__does__outdoor__exercise__get__us__close__to__nature but also gives us relaxation from heavy schoolwork.(倒裝)
與此相關(guān)的用法有:
as far as sb./sth.is concerned
就某人/某事(物)而言
as far as the eye can see/reach 就視力所能及
as far as I can see 依我看
as far as I know 據(jù)我所知
[佳句背誦] Standing here, you can see as far as the foot of the hill.
站在這里,你可以一直看到山腳下。
Ⅰ.詞形轉(zhuǎn)換和動(dòng)詞的形式變換(用所給詞的正確形式填空)
1.(2019·浙江卷6月應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作)Besides,what you told me about your country broadened(broad) my horizons and aroused my interest in foreign culture.
2.(2019·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ語(yǔ)法填空)They also shared with us many traditional(tradition) stories about Hawaii that were hugely popular with tourists.
3.Nowadays, the Chinese people are much wealthier(wealthy) than they were in the past.
4.Though the twins look much alike, they are still slightly(slight) different from each other in their appearance.
5.(2018·浙江卷6月)I was__impressed(impress) to see my dad and Uncle Paul riding horses.They looked really cool.
6.Surrounded(surround) by the sea on three sides,modern Qingdao is considered one of the most livable cities in China.
7.He looked very pleased(please) with himself,so I knew he had passed his driving test.
8.With mixed(mix) feelings on mind, she doesn’t know what to do next.
Ⅱ.固定用法和搭配(在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式)
1.In my opinion, it is you rather than he that are(be) to blame for the terrible accident.
2.Apart from my academic studies, I always manage to__find(find) time for what I’m interested in.
3.Lily is a ten-year-old girl, who has a gift for music—you know she has won two big prizes in the international music competitions.
4.It was not until last year that they informed the public of the serious problem.
5.Now that there is little time left, we should settle down to dealing(deal) with something really urgent.
6.The beach is within easy reach of the hotel, so you can go there on foot after supper.
Ⅲ.熟詞生義(根據(jù)具體語(yǔ)境寫(xiě)出加黑詞的詞性及含義)
1.(2019·北京卷閱讀B)She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile. 燦爛的微笑
2.(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ閱讀C)The government spent nearly 30 years coming up with a plan to reintroduce the wolves. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service carefully monitors and manages the wolf packs in Yellowstone. vt.管理
3.(2017·浙江卷6月閱讀B)Three years ago, schools in Edina, Minnesota, changed the start time from 7:25 am to 8:30 am. Students, parents and teachers are pleased with the results.adj.滿意的
4.Without my glasses, everything is misty.adj.模糊的;不清楚的
提能一 語(yǔ)段填空(在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式)
(一)
Each person learns culture in a 1.slightly(slight) different way.I usually 2.broaden(broad) my horizons by watching movies.3.Traditionally(tradition), the most popular movies were instructive and appealed to people of all classes.However, today’s movies mainly target the young and the 4.wealthy(wealth).The director uses a 5.mixture(mix) of many elements in his movie to produce special effects that are 6.impressive(impress).
(二)
The Great Wall is one of the most impressive tourist 1.attractions(attract), attracting tens of thousands of visitors from home and abroad every year. However, it was not until I settled down in Beijing 2.that I managed 3.to__visit(visit) the Great Wall. 4.Rather than take the cable car to the top, I climbed to the top by myself. As far as I’m concerned, it was really a wonderful experience.
(三)
I was appreciating the 1.surrounding(surround) scenery when a scene 2.impressed(impress) me and gave me a 3.mixed(mix) feeling. Some tourists were having a picture while throwing rubbish everywhere. As far as I’m concerned, 4.measures(measure) should be taken to raise people’s awareness of environmental protection.
提能二 話題寫(xiě)作(用本單元詞匯、句式和語(yǔ)法知識(shí)寫(xiě)滿分作文)
假如你是李華,你曾去加拿大留過(guò)學(xué),你的朋友李明想去加拿大留學(xué),要了解加拿大的情況,請(qǐng)你寫(xiě)信告訴他相關(guān)情況。
地理
世界第二大國(guó),面積約為998萬(wàn)平方千米,是世界上湖泊和淡水最多的國(guó)家
氣候
不同地區(qū)的氣候差異大,比較冷,冬季長(zhǎng)
留學(xué)生活
建議選擇去溫哥華留學(xué),風(fēng)景優(yōu)美,學(xué)費(fèi)(tuition)較低
建議城市
溫哥華是加拿大最美、最溫暖的城市,被大山和太平洋包圍
1.補(bǔ)全要點(diǎn)句(黑體部分請(qǐng)用本單元所學(xué)詞匯)
①得知你要去加拿大留學(xué)我很高興,我想告訴你加拿大的有關(guān)情況。
I__am__pleased__to__learn__that__you__are__going__to__study__in__Canada,so I’d like to share with you something about it.
②加拿大是世界第二大國(guó),占地面積約為998萬(wàn)平方千米。
Canada__is__the__world’s__second__largest__country with an area of about 9.98 million square kilometres.
③它是世界上湖泊和淡水最多的國(guó)家。
It has the largest number of lakes and they provide Canada with more__fresh__water__than__any__other__country__in__the__world.
④盡管不同地區(qū)的氣候差異大,但是冬天很長(zhǎng),天氣通常很冷。(同位語(yǔ)從句)
Despite the fact that__the__climate__there__is__different__from__area__to__area,__it is generally cold with long winters.
⑤我建議你選擇去溫哥華留學(xué),那里風(fēng)景優(yōu)美,學(xué)費(fèi)較低。
I suggest that you choose to study in Vancouver, where the__scenery__is__impressive and the tuition is lower.
⑥溫哥華被大山和太平洋包圍,是加拿大最溫暖的城市。
Vancouver, surrounded__by__mountains__and__the__Pacific__Ocean,__is Canada’s warmest city.
2.升級(jí)平淡句
⑦用分詞作狀語(yǔ)升級(jí)句①
Pleased__to__learn__that__you__are__going__to__study__in__Canada,__I’d__like__to__share__with__you__something__about__it.
⑧用定語(yǔ)從句升級(jí)句③
It__has__the__largest__number__of__lakes__which__provide__Canada__with__more__fresh__water__than__any__other__country__in__the__world.
3.銜接成美文(注意使用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^(guò)渡銜接詞匯:additionally,thus)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version:
Dear Li Ming,
Pleased to learn that you are going to study in Canada, I’d like to share with you something about it.
Canada is the world’s second largest country with an area of about 9.98 million square kilometres.Additionally, it has the largest number of lakes which provide Canada with more fresh water than any other country in the world.Despite the fact that the climate there is different from area to area, it is generally cold with long winters.Vancouver, surrounded by mountains and the Pacific Ocean, is Canada’s warmest city.Thus, I suggest that you choose to study in Vancouver, where the scenery is impressive and the tuition is lower.
Yours,
Li Hua
(建議用時(shí):35分鐘)
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
Ask 9-year-old Annie what the worst thing was that ever happened in her house last year, and she won’t tell you that it was her parents’ divorcing, although they did. No, what Annie remembers most are the horrible fights leading up to the announcement about the divorce which was, as it turned out, despite her parents’ anxiety about telling her, “not that big of a deal”. “I already knew they were not getting along well,” Annie says. “Every night after I went to bed, I would hear my parents fighting. It made me really unhappy. When they finally decided to get a divorce, all that stopped.”
Annie’s experience is more common than you might think, and there is a great deal of evidence to suggest that “staying together for the sake of the children” is not what should be encouraged, and may do more harm than good. According to psychologist Lynn Martingdale, hearing their parents arguing is often more stressful for children than separation and divorce, and if you think that your children don’t know that there’s trouble in family, then you’re kidding yourself. The home life of children whose parents have an unhappy marriage is often far from ideal, and what’s worse, parents will compound the problem by taking their unhappiness out on the children.
The Center for Moving Forward conducted a study in 2014 in which they followed 25 families whose parents had been in marriage counseling. After tracking these families for 5 years, they found that the children of the parents who eventually got divorced were not worse off than the children of those who remained together, and in some cases fared better. The study took the social and the children’s general sense of well-being into consideration.
【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】 本文是一篇議論文。文章以9歲的孩子Annie的父母由于爭(zhēng)吵導(dǎo)致最終離婚的敘述引入主題,接著通過(guò)論據(jù)論證了“在不幸的婚姻中,離婚并不是最糟糕的事”這一主題。
1.Which statement may psychologist Lynn Martingdale agree with?
A.Separation and divorce will hurt the children most.
B.Keeping an unhappy marriage hurts children more.
C.Children can’t understand their parents’ marriage well.
D.Children can’t feel the unhappiness from their parents.
B 解析:推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“According to psychologist Lynn Martingdale, hearing their parents arguing is often more stressful for children than separation and divorce”可知,心理學(xué)家Lynn Martingdale認(rèn)為,聽(tīng)父母吵架對(duì)孩子來(lái)說(shuō)往往比分居和離婚更有壓力,據(jù)此可以判斷,Lynn Martingdale認(rèn)為維持不幸福的婚姻會(huì)更加傷害孩子,故B項(xiàng)正確。
2.What’s the function of the last paragraph in the passage?
A.To give an example of divorce.
B.To support Annie’s correct answer.
C.To further clear the author’s viewpoint.
D.To highlight the importance of the study.
C 解析:寫(xiě)作目的題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“After tracking these families for 5 years, they found that the children of the parents who eventually got divorced were not worse off than the children of those who remained together, and in some cases fared better.”可知,在對(duì)這些家庭進(jìn)行了5年的跟蹤調(diào)查后,他們發(fā)現(xiàn),最終父母離婚的孩子并不比那些父母仍在一起的孩子生活得更差,在某些情況下,他們生活得更好。據(jù)此可知,最后一段旨在通過(guò)研究進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明本文的論點(diǎn):在不幸的婚姻中,離婚不是最糟糕的選擇。故C項(xiàng)正確。
3.What is the best title for the passage?
A.Divorce Is Good for Children
B.Divorce Is Not the Worst Thing
C.Fighting Is Often Stressful
D.Staying Together Is for Children Only
B 解析:標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第一段第二句和Annie所說(shuō)的話可知,對(duì)孩子們來(lái)說(shuō),父母的爭(zhēng)吵比離婚更糟糕;結(jié)合第二段中的“there is a great deal of evidence to suggest that ‘staying together for the sake of the children’ is not what should be encouraged, and may do more harm than good”可以判斷,本文的主旨是:在不幸的婚姻中,和離婚相比,父母為孩子而在一起給孩子的傷害更大。最后一段的研究也論證了這一點(diǎn)。故B項(xiàng)最適合作為本文標(biāo)題。
【難句分析1】 No, what Annie remembers most are the horrible fights leading up to the announcement about the divorce which was, as it turned out, despite her parents’ anxiety about telling her, “not that big of a deal”.
分析:該句為主從復(fù)合句。句中“what Annie remembers most”為what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句;“which was...”為which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行詞the divorce。
譯文:不,Annie記得最清楚的是導(dǎo)致(她的父母)宣告離婚的可怕的爭(zhēng)吵,盡管她的父母害怕告訴她,但是正如事實(shí)證明的那樣,離婚“沒(méi)什么大不了的”。
【難句分析2】 The home life of children whose parents have an unhappy marriage is often far from ideal, and what’s worse, parents will compound the problem by taking their unhappiness out on the children.
分析:該句為并列句。前一分句中“whose parents have an unhappy marriage”為whose引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行詞children, whose在從句中作定語(yǔ)。
譯文:父母婚姻不幸福的孩子的家庭生活往往很不理想,更糟的是,父母把他們的不幸福發(fā)泄在孩子身上,會(huì)使問(wèn)題更加嚴(yán)重。
B
The world is a greener place than it was 20 years ago. A study published in the journal Nature Sustainability said that recent satellite data reveals a greening pattern that is prominent(顯著的) in China and India. The study shows that human activity in China and India dominates this greening of the planet, thanks to tree planting and agriculture. The effect comes mostly from ambitious tree-planting programs in China and intensive agriculture in both countries.
“China and India account for one-third of the greening,” said lead author Chi Chen of Boston University. “That is a surprising finding, considering the vague idea of land degradation(毀壞) in populous countries from overexploitation,” added Chen.
China alone accounts for 25 percent of the global net increase in leaf area with only 6.6 percent of global vegetated area. The greening in China is from forests(42 percent) and croplands(32 percent), but in India, it is mostly from croplands(82 percent) with the minor contribution from forests(4.4 percent).
China’s outsized contribution to the global greening trend comes in large part from its programs to conserve and expand forests with the goal of preventing land degradation, air pollution, and climate change.
“Once people realize there is a problem, they tend to fix it,” said Rama Nemani, research scientist and co-author of the study. “In the 1970s and 1980s in India and China, the situation around vegetation loss was not good. In the 1900s, people realized it, and today things have improved. Now we see that humans are contributing.”
Land area used to grow crops is comparable in China and India—more than 770,000 square miles—and has not changed much since the early 2000s. Yet these regions have greatly increased both their annual total green leaf area and their food production.
This was achieved through multiple cropping practices, where a field is replanted to produce another harvest several times a year. Production of grains, vegetables, fruits and more has increased by about 35%-40% since 2000 to feed their large populations.
【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】 研究發(fā)現(xiàn),由于中國(guó)的植樹(shù)造林計(jì)劃和中印兩國(guó)的集約農(nóng)業(yè),地球與二十年前相比更加翠綠了。
4.What did the study mainly find?
A.India and China are leading the global greening effort.
B.Intensive agriculture is the cause of global land degradation.
C.China and India have got the largest forest coverage in the world.
D.Agriculture is more helpful in expanding green areas than tree-planting.
A 解析:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第三句“The study shows that human activity in China and India dominates this greening of the planet, thanks to tree planting and agriculture.”可知,由于植樹(shù)造林和集約農(nóng)業(yè),中國(guó)和印度正主導(dǎo)著地球綠化的進(jìn)程,故A項(xiàng)正確。
5.What does Nemani think about humans in China and India in protecting the Earth?
A.Ambitious. B.Responsible.
C.Passionate. D.Tolerant.
B 解析:推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中Rama Nemani說(shuō)的話可知,Rama Nemani認(rèn)為,二十世紀(jì)七八十年代,印度和中國(guó)的植被流失情況嚴(yán)重;二十世紀(jì)九十年代,人們意識(shí)到了這一點(diǎn)并努力改善;現(xiàn)在他們正在做貢獻(xiàn)。據(jù)此可推知,Rama Nemani認(rèn)為在保護(hù)地球方面,中國(guó)和印度的人們是負(fù)責(zé)任的,故B項(xiàng)正確。該題容易錯(cuò)選A項(xiàng),錯(cuò)選的原因是第一段尾句“The effect comes mostly from ambitious tree-planting programs in China and intensive agriculture in both countries.”的影響,忽略了題干關(guān)鍵詞“Nemani think about”。A項(xiàng)意為“有雄心的”,C項(xiàng)意為“熱愛(ài)的”,D項(xiàng)意為“寬容的”,都與文意不符。
6.What does the passage finally suggest humans should make good use of?
A.Forest. B.Trees.
C.Croplands. D.Food.
C 解析:推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“This was achieved through multiple cropping practices, where a field is replanted to produce another harvest several times a year.”可知,產(chǎn)量提高是通過(guò)復(fù)種來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)的,在復(fù)種過(guò)程中,一塊土地每年會(huì)被重新種植幾次,這樣在增加綠化面積的情況下也提高了產(chǎn)量。據(jù)此可推知,文章建議充分利用農(nóng)田,故C項(xiàng)正確。
【難句分析】 A study published in the journal Nature Sustainability said that recent satellite data reveals a greening pattern that is prominent(顯著的) in China and India.
分析:該句為主從復(fù)合句。句中published in the journal Nature Sustainability為過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作名詞A study的后置定語(yǔ);that recent satellite data reveals a greening pattern that is prominent(顯著的) in China and India為that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句,作及物動(dòng)詞said的賓語(yǔ),其中“that is prominent in China and India”為that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行詞a greening pattern,關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)。
譯文:發(fā)表在《自然——可持續(xù)發(fā)展》雜志上的一項(xiàng)研究稱,最近的衛(wèi)星數(shù)據(jù)顯示,中國(guó)和印度的綠化模式非常顯著。
Ⅱ.七選五
How to Become an Activist
Activists are people who see the need of change and devote their time to doing something about it. 1.________ If you are interested in it, you can do so.
2.________ This could be anything from a student club to a national organization. Most activist organizations offer different levels of involvement, so you can do whatever you feel most comfortable with, whether that means attending meetings and demonstrations or just donating a little money when you can.
Volunteer your time. One of the best ways to make a difference is to volunteer your time. Reach out to organizations in your community that do work for your cause, and ask how you can help.
Donate money or supplies. 3.________ If you can’t afford to donate money to an organization that supports your cause, you may be able to donate other things they need, like clothing or canned food.
Draw the family and friends in. Tell your family and friends about your cause, and invite them to get involved. If they are interested, share literature about your cause or just talk to them about what you have learned. 4.________
Promote your cause on social media. You can use social media to help keep your friends and followers informed about the cause you support. 5.________ Also, you can invite your friends to attend events or donate money to fundraisers(募集資金者) for your cause.
A.Take classes on issues related to your cause.
B.Join an organization that supports your cause.
C.They are driven by passion and a vision for a better future.
D.If you do volunteer work, invite them to volunteer with you.
E.Most activists or charitable organizations need resources to do their work.
F.Post useful articles and write about what you are doing to stay involved.
G.If you can’t get in touch with them in person, then try connecting people online.
【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】 積極分子是指那些看到變革的需要并投入時(shí)間去做些什么的人。本篇文章就如何成為積極分子而去從事公益事業(yè)提供了一些建議。
1.C 解析:前一句提到“see the need of change and devote their time to doing something about it”(看到變革的需要并投入時(shí)間去做些什么),由此可推知,空處應(yīng)是進(jìn)一步闡述積極分子這樣做的原因,故C項(xiàng)“他們被激情和對(duì)更美好的未來(lái)的憧憬所驅(qū)使”與此處匹配。
2.B 解析:根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)和空處所處位置可知,該空為本段的主題句。根據(jù)本段中的“from a student club to a national organization”和“Most activist organizations”可知,本段的主題是關(guān)于加入某個(gè)組織的。故選B。
3.E 解析:前句提到“Donate money or supplies.”(捐贈(zèng)金錢或物資),由此可推知,空處應(yīng)是說(shuō)明這樣做的原因,故E項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)積極分子或慈善組織需要資源來(lái)開(kāi)展工作”符合語(yǔ)境。
4.D 解析:本段的主題句為“Draw the family and friends in.”(讓家人和朋友參與進(jìn)來(lái)),空前一句是說(shuō)如果他們感興趣,向他們分享有關(guān)你的事業(yè)的宣傳資料或僅僅告訴他們你學(xué)到的東西,空處應(yīng)是進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明你讓朋友和家人參與的具體做法,故D項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境,且句式結(jié)構(gòu)與前一句相同。
5.F 解析:本段的主題句為“Promote your cause on social media.”,該段也提到了利用“social media”,這與F項(xiàng)“發(fā)布有用的文章,寫(xiě)下你正在做什么來(lái)保持參與”密切聯(lián)系,故選F。
Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空
(2020·紹興診斷性考試)There is a saying that goes, “All roads lead to Rome.”Roads were essential for the 1.____________(grow) of the Roman Empire. These roads enabled the Romans to move armies 2.____________ (efficient). At its peak, the Roman road system 3.____________(cover) 53,000 miles and contained about 372 links. The Romans were good at constructing these roads, 4.____________ were called viae(路).
Prepared viae began in history as the streets of Rome. The Law of the Twelve Tables(十二銅表法), 5.____________(date) back to approximately 450 B.C., explains that a road shall be 8 feet wide where straight and 16 feet where curved. According to the Tables, the Romans are commanded 6.____________(build) roads that would not need frequent repair.
The Romans had 7.____________ preference for standardization whenever they could. A golden milestone was set up. 8.____________ this milestone were listed all of the cities in the empire and the distances to them.
Roman roads 9.____________(consider) very important in maintaining both the stability and the expansion of the empire at that time. Even after over 1,000 years, these roads are still used. During the fall of the Roman Empire, the same roads offered 10.____________(avenue) of invasion to the foreigners. This contributed to the Roman military ruin.
【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】 本文主要介紹了羅馬帝國(guó)的陸路系統(tǒng)。
1.growth 解析:考查名詞。與該句中的定冠詞“the”和“of”呼應(yīng)可知,此處應(yīng)用其名詞形式,即growth。
2.efficiently 解析:考查副詞。修飾動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用副詞,故用副詞efficiently修飾動(dòng)詞move。
3.covered 解析:考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。與語(yǔ)境中的“contained”呼應(yīng)可知,此處指的是發(fā)生在過(guò)去的事情,故用一般過(guò)去時(shí),即covered。
4.which 解析:考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,在從句中作主語(yǔ),修飾表示物的先行詞these roads,故用which。
5.dating 解析:考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)date back to和句子主語(yǔ)The Law of the Twelve Tables是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,故用date的現(xiàn)在分詞形式dating。
6.to build 解析:考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)固定用法command sb.to do sth.“命令某人做某事”,此處應(yīng)用不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。
7.a(chǎn) 解析:考查冠詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,此處“preference”意為“偏愛(ài)”,可作可數(shù)名詞,其前無(wú)限定詞修飾,且其發(fā)音以輔音音素開(kāi)頭,故用不定冠詞a。
8.On 解析:考查介詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,此處表示“在里程碑上”,故用介詞On。本句是一個(gè)倒裝句,即介詞短語(yǔ)置于句首時(shí),句子全部倒裝。
9.were considered 解析:考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,consider和句子主語(yǔ)Roman roads構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系,且與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“at that time”呼應(yīng)可知,此處應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),即were considered。
10.a(chǎn)venues 解析:考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。avenue是可數(shù)名詞,且其前沒(méi)有限定詞修飾,故用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。
寫(xiě)作規(guī)范練(三)
(建議用時(shí):45分鐘)
Ⅰ.應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作
假設(shè)你是李華,你所在的學(xué)校的美國(guó)交流生David邀請(qǐng)你周末跟他朋友一起去露營(yíng)。但是你舅舅一家周末要來(lái)你們家,所以你不能前往,請(qǐng)你給David寫(xiě)封道歉信。
注意:1.詞數(shù)80左右;
2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫;
3.開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫(xiě)好,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。
Dear David,
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
One possible version:
Dear__David,
How are you?Thank you for your invitation to go hiking and camping with your friends this weekend.Unfortunately, it is much to my regret that I cannot join you and your friends, because my uncle is visiting us this weekend. I haven’t seen my cousin for a long time so I think I’d better stay at home and show my cousin around.
I feel terribly sorry for missing such a happy get-together, and I hope that all of you enjoy a good time.With my sincere apology and thanks for your generosity, please send my regards to your friends.
Yours,
Li__Hua
Ⅱ.讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)
閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫(xiě),使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的故事。
I was driving to a business appointment and, as usual, I was planning in my mind what I was going to say. I came to a very busy crossing where the traffic light had just turned red. “All right,” I thought to myself, “I can beat the next light if I race ahead when the light changed.”
My mind and car were ready to go when suddenly my thought was broken by an unforgettable sight. A young couple,__both blind, were walking arm-in-arm across this busy crossing with cars racing by in every direction. The man was holding the hand of a little boy, while the woman was carrying a baby on her chest. Each of them had a white cane(手杖) directing them across the crossing.
I was moved. They were overcoming one of the most terrible disabilities—blindness. Suddenly my thought was interrupted by horror when I saw that the couple was not walking in the crosswalk(斑馬線), but was instead walking directly toward the middle of the crossing. Not realizing the danger they were in, they were walking right into the path(路線) of oncoming cars. I was deeply concerned for the family because I didn’t know if the other drivers understood what was happening.
注意:1.所續(xù)寫(xiě)短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;
2.至少使用5個(gè)短文中標(biāo)有下劃線的關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ);
3.續(xù)寫(xiě)部分分為兩段,每段的開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)已為你寫(xiě)好;
4.續(xù)寫(xiě)完成后,請(qǐng)用下劃線標(biāo)出你所使用的關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)。
Paragraph 1:
As I watched, something amazing happened before my eyes.________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
The couple realized what was happening. _______________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
As I watched, something amazing happened before my eyes. Each car in every direction came to a stop. I hardly heard the noises of hard brakes or the horns. Nobody shouted “Get out of the way!” to them. Everything froze. In that moment, time seemed to stand still for this family. Amazed, I noticed that everyone’s attention was fixed on the couple. Suddenly the driver to my right reacted. Sticking his head out of his car, he shouted to the couple, “To your right. To your right!” Some other people joined him, shouting, “To your right!”
Paragraph 2:
The couple realized what was happening. So they adjusted their course as they followed the drivers’ instructions. Depending on their canes and the calls from some concerned people, they made it to the other side of the road. As they stepped onto the sidewalk, one thing struck me—they both turned around, gave a deep bow to all of us and then went on their way.
微信掃碼,快速注冊(cè)
注冊(cè)成功