第一板塊核心單詞歸納集釋1．guarantee v．保證；擔(dān)保n.保證(人/物)；擔(dān)保；保修單[經(jīng)典例句]　Take this opportunity, and I guarantee you won’t regret it.抓住這個(gè)機(jī)會吧，我保證你不會后悔的。 (1)guarantee to do sth./that ...　　 保證/擔(dān)保做某事； 確保……guarantee sb.against/from  保證某人免受(損傷或傷害)guarantee sb.sth.  保證某人某事be guaranteed to do sth.  肯定會做某事(2)give sb.a guarantee (that) ...  向某人保證……under guarantee  在保修期內(nèi)①The car is less than a year old, so it is still under_guarantee.這輛汽車用了還不滿一年，因此仍在保修期內(nèi)。②We should pay attention to small details, which can guarantee us to_succeed (succeed) in the end.我們應(yīng)該注意小細(xì)節(jié)，這保證我們最終能成功。③Can you give me a guarantee that the work will be finished on time?你能向我保證工作會按時(shí)完成嗎？2．contribute vt./vi.貢獻(xiàn)；出力；捐獻(xiàn)；導(dǎo)致；投稿[高考佳句]　Arts contribute to cultural development when people gather together to share their experience and renew their energy.(2018·江蘇高考)當(dāng)人們聚集在一起分享他們的經(jīng)驗(yàn)并重獲他們的精力時(shí)，藝術(shù)有助于文化的發(fā)展。(1)contribute sth.to ...　　 把某物捐獻(xiàn)/投稿給……contribute to　　　　 為……做出貢獻(xiàn)；有助于；導(dǎo)致(2)contribution n.  捐獻(xiàn)；貢獻(xiàn)；投稿make a contribution/contributions to 對……做出貢獻(xiàn)①A large population and too many private cars contribute to heavy traffic jam in the city.大量的人口和過多的私家車導(dǎo)致城市嚴(yán)重的交通阻塞。②Participating in the contest will be a golden chance for me to show my dancing skills and make some contributions (contribute) to the class.參加比賽對我來說是一次難得的展示我的舞蹈才能的好機(jī)會，并對班級做出貢獻(xiàn)。[聯(lián)想發(fā)散]　表示“引起；導(dǎo)致”的詞語還有：cause, lead to, result in, bring about等。3．lack v．缺乏；不足n.缺乏；缺少的東西[高考佳句]　—Jack still can’t help being anxious about his job interview.—Lack of self-confidence is his Achilles’ heel, I am afraid.(2016·江蘇高考單選)——杰克還是禁不住擔(dān)心他的工作面試。——我擔(dān)心缺乏自信是他的致命弱點(diǎn)。(1)for/through lack of　　　　　　　 因缺乏……(a) lack of  缺乏……(2)lacking adj.  短缺的；缺乏的be lacking in  缺少……①Though lacking (lack) money, his parents managed to send him to a university.盡管缺錢，但他的父母還是設(shè)法供他上了大學(xué)。②When there is a_lack of food, there is hunger.當(dāng)食物匱乏時(shí)，就會有饑餓。③For_lack_of confidence, she is lacking_in skills of communicating.因缺少自信，她缺乏交流方面的技巧。[名師指津]　lack作名詞時(shí)常與介詞of連用；作動詞時(shí)可用作及物動詞直接加賓語(不用被動語態(tài))，也可作不及物動詞用；形容詞lacking常與in連用。4．concentrate vt./vi.專心于；注意[高考佳句]　She has turned down several invitations to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.(2017·全國卷Ⅲ)為了集中精力學(xué)習(xí)，她拒絕了幾次在演出中擔(dān)任主角的邀請。(1)concentrate on/upon (doing) sth.　 專心(做)某事concentrate one’s mind/attention/oneself on/upon 集中注意力于；致力于；專心于(2)concentration n.  集中；專心①Playing computer games can give us some relaxation after school, but as students we must concentrate on our studies.放學(xué)后玩電腦游戲能使我們放松，但是作為學(xué)生，我們必須集中精力學(xué)習(xí)。②He concentrated his energies on studying (study) the history of Loulan.他把精力專注于研究樓蘭的歷史。③Speaking on the phone requires concentration (concentrate) and takes a driver’s attention from the road.打電話需要集中注意力，這樣就分散了司機(jī)對路面的注意力。[聯(lián)想發(fā)散]　表示“集中精力/注意力于……；專心致志于……”的表達(dá)方式還有：①focus/fix one’s attention on　②put one’s heart into③put one’s mind to ④be absorbed in⑤be lost in ⑥be buried in⑦be devoted to ⑧apply oneself to Ⅰ.基礎(chǔ)點(diǎn)全練(單句語法填空/補(bǔ)全句子)1．It is advised that one (should)_take (take) plenty of boiled water.2．The island offers such a wide variety (vary) of scenery and wildlife.3．A diet lacking (lack) in nutritional value will not keep a person healthy.4．Don’t put too much stress on money and position.5．Concentration is important for this kind of work, and only by concentrating on it can you get it done well.(concentrate)6．You have to balance the advantages of living in the countryside against the disadvantages.7．When I got to the top of the hill, I was quite out_of_breath (上氣不接下氣)．8．Could you make_arrangements_for (為……作好安排) a dinner party of ten guests?Ⅱ.重難點(diǎn)多練1．guarantee面面觀(1)介詞填空①My watch is still under guarantee, so it can be repaired free of charge.②The new policy guarantees us against/from all losses.(2)根據(jù)漢語提示完成片段The iPad ③is_guaranteed_for_a_year (保修一年)．That is to say, it has ④a_year’s_guarantee (一年的保修期), so it is still ⑤under_guarantee (在保修期內(nèi))．2．contribute點(diǎn)點(diǎn)練(1)單句改錯(cuò)①These reforms made major contribution to the stability of the economy.contribution→contributions或major前加a②Their inventions have contributed to develop electrical engineering.develop→developing(2)根據(jù)漢語提示完成片段Many people ③contributed_money_to (給……捐錢) the poor girl, which ④contributed_to (有助于) her returning to school.A teacher wrote a story about it and ⑤contributed_it_to_a_newspaper (投稿給報(bào)社)．He also called on people ⑥to_make_contributions_to (為……做貢獻(xiàn)) the Project Hope.Ⅲ.閱讀詞匯專練根據(jù)語境選出stress的詞性和詞義?A?v.強(qiáng)調(diào)　?B?n.重音　?C?n.緊張　?D?n.強(qiáng)調(diào)1．But there is also one point I’d like to stress.__A__2．Stress and tiredness often result in a lack of concentration.__C__3．The detective laid great stress on details.__D__4．In the word “mother”， the stress is on the first syllable.__B__ 第二板塊短語句型歸納集釋1．(be) up to ...長達(dá)……；直到；達(dá)到；多達(dá)；忙于；勝任；由……決定[經(jīng)典例句]　She continued to care for her father up to the time of his death.她一直照顧父親直到他去世。be up to ...　　　　　　　　 勝任/忙于……It is up to sb.to do sth.  由某人決定做某事It is up to you.  隨你的便/由你來決定。①Don’t worry.He is_up_to_the_job you offered him.不用擔(dān)心，他能勝任你為他提供的這份工作。②Life is like a cup, but it’s up to you to_decide (decide) whether it’s a drinking cup or a toothbrush cup.生活就像一個(gè)杯子，而它是“杯具”還是“洗具”，由你自己決定。2．cut out剪掉；刪掉；放棄[經(jīng)典例句]　The only way to get weight down is to keep off fattening food, and cut out alcohol altogether.減肥的唯一辦法就是不吃使人發(fā)胖的食物，并徹底戒酒。cut down　　　　 砍倒；縮減；縮小尺寸、減少數(shù)量；駁倒cut in  插話；讓某人分享利潤cut off  切斷，中止；隔絕cut up  切碎；齊根切掉；使傷心①When their children lived far away from them, these old people felt cut_off from the world.(2016·6月浙江高考單選)當(dāng)孩子們住得離他們很遠(yuǎn)時(shí)，這些老人就感覺是與世隔絕了。②She was really cut_up when all her friends refused to help her.當(dāng)所有的朋友都拒絕幫助她時(shí)，她真的很難過。3．But taking more_than what the body needs does not make it function better ...但如果攝入量超過身體所需，不會使身體更健康……此處為“more than＋從句”結(jié)構(gòu)，more是much的比較級，意為“比……多”。該結(jié)構(gòu)還可以表示“超出……的能力、知識范圍”。①China Daily is more_than_a_newspaper.It helps to improve our English.《中國日報(bào)》不僅僅是一種報(bào)紙，它還有助于提高我們的英語水平。(1)more than＋(2)more ...than ...表示“與其說……倒不如說……”②—Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for?—The new Star Wars.We have been waiting here for more_than_two_hours.(2016·北京高考單選)——打擾一下，你們在等著看哪場電影？——新版《星球大戰(zhàn)》。我們已經(jīng)在這里等了兩個(gè)多小時(shí)了。③Hearing what the headteacher said, I was more_than glad and my heart beat wildly.(2015·湖南高考書面表達(dá))聽到班主任說的話，我非常高興，心跳加速。④It had more the appearance of a deliberate crime than of an accident.與其說這件事表面上看起來像是一場意外事故，倒不如說是故意犯罪。Ⅰ.基礎(chǔ)點(diǎn)全練1．單句語法填空①Concentrating (concentrate) on English will enable you to master the language.②Many big trees along the road have been cut down for building houses, many of the branches of which have been cut up for firewood.③The young couple have been thinking about how to_help (help) their son develop the habit of reading books.④Your suggestion has greatly contributed to the accomplishment of our work.⑤It is_believed (believe) that eating too much food colouring does harm to us.⑥The mother doesn’t know who is to_blame (blame) for the broken glass.⑦The animal welfare organizations provide care and adoption for homeless or abused animals.2．運(yùn)用所學(xué)短語完成片段High intelligent robots have arisen recently.We will ①enable_them_to_do (使它們能做) many things, ②for_example (例如), cleaning.They ③contribute_to (有助于) improving our life.In a way, computers have changed our life.However, many students play games on the computers ④rather_than (而不是) studying on them.As a result, some of the students fail in the exam.⑤As_long_as (只要) they use the computers properly, they can ⑥get_a_lot_from_them (從它們中獲得很多)．Anyhow, computers play an important part in our life.Ⅱ.重難點(diǎn)多練up to相關(guān)結(jié)構(gòu)萬花筒(1)寫出下列句中up to的含義①The children are very quiet.I wonder what they are up to.從事于，忙于②Is their spoken English up to the company’s standard？達(dá)到③John was fired because he wasn’t up to his work.勝任④It’s up to you whether we accept the present or not.取決于⑤She was here up to a few minutes ago.直到……為止(2)單句語法填空⑥It’s up to you to_decide (decide) whether to go or not.⑦—What shall we do this weekend?—It’s up to you.Whatever you want.   [單元語基落實(shí)]Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．If you yell at him, he is guaranteed to_do (do) the opposite of what you want.2．It’s up to you to decide whether we buy this set of furniture or not.3．Leave him alone; he is in a bad mood today.4．Most Senior Three students concentrate on their studies, which makes their teachers satisfied.5．It is believed that a new project will be started in our town.6．In China, the number and Chinese character is so magical(magic)．7．It is widely (wide) believed that plenty of fresh air contributes to good health.8．He entered the house, but soon had to run back to catch his breath (breathe)．9．It is impolite for children to cut to cut in when their seniors are talking.10．Some children are overwhelming dependent (depend)on their parents.Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)1．Your hard work and concentration will contribute to get a good remark.get→getting2．Instead of waste time, she employed herself in reading.waste→wasting3．There is a lot of evidences that stress is partly responsible for disease.evidences→evidence4．More and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities because lack of space.because→for或because后加of5．My colour TV set is only one year old and it is still in guarantee.in→under6．More than one person have been concerned in this affair.have→hasⅢ.用本單元所學(xué)知識完成寫作訓(xùn)練(一)依據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全短文A_balanced_diet (均衡飲食) is all about giving your body the nutrition it needs.It leads to building up your body.Some experts stress_the_importance_of (強(qiáng)調(diào)……的重要性) having a healthy diet, or (and/or/but) you will be short of nutrition.Under such circumstances, your health will still get worse even if you keep taking exercise.①To have a healthy diet is important to children as well as adults.②But some people don’t know how they can keep a balanced diet.Doctors advise parents to_provide_different_kinds_of_foods_for (為……提供不同種類的食物) their children.Above all, let them eat more fruit, vegetables and so on.(二)按要求將詞匯句式升級1．用本單元高級詞匯替換加黑部分(1)leads to → contributes_to(2)be short of → lack2．按要求改寫句式(1)用it作形式主語改寫句① It_is_important_for_children_as_well_as_adults_to_have_a_healthy_diet.(2)用“特殊疑問詞＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)改寫句②But_some_people_don’t_know_how_to_keep_a_balanced_diet.  

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