一、語基必備知識
(一)重點(diǎn)詞匯——分類記憶
Ⅰ.閱讀詞匯——知其意
1．statistic n．　　　　　　
2．sunburnt adj. 曬黑的
3．super adj. 特級的；超級的
4．output n. 產(chǎn)量；輸出
5．circulate vt.& vi. 循環(huán)；流傳
6．occupation n. 工作；職業(yè)；占領(lǐng)
7．organic adj.　　
8．industrial adj. 工業(yè)的；產(chǎn)業(yè)的
9．fertilizer n. 肥料；化肥
10．bacteria n．(bacterium的復(fù)數(shù)形式)
細(xì)菌
11．summary n. 總結(jié)；摘要；概要
12．grain n. 谷物；糧食；顆粒
13．mineral n. 礦物；礦石
14．skim vt. 瀏覽；略讀
15．underline vt. 畫底線標(biāo)出；強(qiáng)調(diào)
16．nutrition n. 營養(yǎng)；滋養(yǎng)；食物
17．pest n. 害蟲；害獸；害鳥
18．producer n. 生產(chǎn)者；制片人
Ⅱ.核心詞匯——寫其形
1．decade n. 十年；十年期
2．soil n. 土壤
3．regret vt. 遺憾；惋惜
n. 遺憾；懊悔
4．comment n. 評論；議論
vi.& vt. 表達(dá)意見；作出評論
5．focus n. 焦點(diǎn)；中心點(diǎn)
vt. 集中；聚焦
6．therefore adv. 因此；所以；因而
7．reduce vt. 減少；減縮
8．struggle vi.& n. 斗爭；拼搏；努力
9．expand vt.& vi. 使變大；伸展
10．battle n. 戰(zhàn)役；戰(zhàn)斗；較量；斗爭
vt.& vi. 搏斗；奮斗
Ⅲ.拓展詞匯——通其變
1．hunger n．饑餓；欲望vt.& vi.(使)饑餓→hungry adj.饑餓的；渴望得到的
2．export vt.& vi.輸出；出口→import vt.& vi.(反義詞) 輸入；進(jìn)口
3．discover vt.發(fā)現(xiàn)；發(fā)覺→discovery n．發(fā)現(xiàn)；發(fā)覺→discoverer n．發(fā)現(xiàn)者
4．equip vt.& vi.配備；裝備→equipment n．設(shè)備(不可數(shù))
5．confuse vt.使迷惑；使為難→confusion n．迷惑；困惑→confusing adj.令人迷惑的→confused adj.感到迷惑的
6．nation n．國家；民族→national adj.民族的→nationality n．國籍
7．disturb v．打擾；妨礙；使不安→disturbing adj.引起煩惱的；令人不安的→disturbed adj.煩惱的；不安的
8．free adj.自由的→freedom n．自由；自主

1.“因此”家族
①therefore adv.
②so conj.
③thus adv.
④consequently adv.
⑤as a result
2.“擴(kuò)展”動(dòng)詞知多少
①expand　　　　 使變大；伸展
②extend 延伸；擴(kuò)展
③spread 展開；傳播
④enlarge 擴(kuò)大；擴(kuò)展
⑤broaden 使變寬
3.加后綴-ment構(gòu)成的名詞面面觀
①equip→equipment　　　　　 裝備
②develop→development 發(fā)展
③move→movement 移動(dòng)
④establish→establishment 建立
⑤employ→employment 雇用
(二)重點(diǎn)短語——記牢用活
1．thanks__to　　　　　　　 幸虧；由于；因?yàn)?br /> 2．rid...of 使……擺脫或除去
3．be__satisfied__with 對……感到滿意
4．would__rather 寧愿；寧可
5．build__up　　　　　　　　 逐漸增強(qiáng)；建立；開發(fā)
6．lead__to 導(dǎo)致；造成(后果)
7．focus__on 集中(注意力、精力等)于
8．be__rich__in 盛產(chǎn)
9．keep...free__from/of 使……免受(影響、傷害等)；
使……不含(有害物)
10．in__addition 另外；此外

1.“此外”知多少
①in addition 　　　 　　 另外；此外
②what’s more 而且
③as well 也；還
④besides 況且；此外
⑤moreover 而且；此外
2.“富含”短語薈萃
①be rich in 盛產(chǎn)；富含
②be abundant in 富于……
③be high in 富含
3.“be＋adj.＋with”高頻短語集錦
①be satisfied with　　　　 對……感到滿意
②be content with 對……滿意
③be pleased with 對……滿意
④be familiar with 對……熟悉
⑤be bored with 對……厭煩
⑥be busy with 忙于……
⑦be popular with 受……歡迎
⑧be patient with 對……有耐心
⑨be strict with 對……嚴(yán)格要求
(三)重點(diǎn)句式——背熟巧用
句型公式
教材原句
句型1：if條件狀語從句的省略形式
If__so,__what did you do to grow them？
如果是這樣的話，你怎樣來種植這些植物？
句型2：the＋序數(shù)詞＋名詞＋to do sth.
In 1973, he became the__first__agricultural__pioneer in the world to__grow__rice that has a high output.　1973年，他成為世界上第一位種植高產(chǎn)水稻的農(nóng)業(yè)先驅(qū)。
句型3：“make it＋adj.＋to do”結(jié)構(gòu)
This special strain of rice makes__it__possible__to__produce 20% more of the crop in the same fields.　這種特殊的稻種使得同樣的田地多收獲20%的產(chǎn)量。
句型4：would rather do sth.寧愿做某事　
He would__much__rather__keep__time__for his hobbies.
他寧愿把時(shí)間花在自己的愛好上。
二、語境強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練
Ⅰ.語境填詞——根據(jù)提示寫出該詞的適當(dāng)形式
1．(2018·江蘇卷書面表達(dá))It may influence consumers’ trust in media and disturb(打擾；妨礙) the market order.
2．(2019·全國卷Ⅱ書面表達(dá) )On behalf of all our team members, I am writing to invite you to join us in the battle(戰(zhàn)斗，戰(zhàn)役)!
3．(2019·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá))Last but not least, I once worked as a volunteer for World Expo 2010 Shanghai, and therefore(因此) I have accumulated much experience.
4．Health and environmental problems have increasingly become the focus(焦點(diǎn)) of attention.
5．Curiosity is important because it leads to discovery(discover) or invention.
6．Miss Li went through my composition and made some useful comments(comment) about it.
Ⅱ.語境品詞——寫出加黑詞匯在語境中的意義
1．(2018·全國卷Ⅱ語法填空)According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total global fertilizer consumption.化肥；肥料
2．(2018·北京卷七選五)The main reasons we get angry are triggering(觸發(fā)) events, personality traits(特征), and our assessment of situations.個(gè)性；性格
3．(全國卷Ⅰ閱讀B)No statistics show the number of grandparents like Garza who are moving closer to adult children and grandchildren.統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)
Ⅲ.派生詞練習(xí)——用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1．Our school offers good equipment and you will be well equipped with knowledge and skills for your future job.(equip)
2．He was really confused by the confusing problem which also confused other people for a long time.(confuse)
3．The discoverer of electricity was Franklin；like many discoveries,__it benefits us greatly.(discover)
4．Disturbing news came that the virus spread quickly, which made us rather disturbed．(disturb)
5．As long as national types are not taken too seriously, it’s fun trying to guess a person’s nationality from their personality.(nation)
6．Owing to the great hunger,__a great number of hungry children died.(hungry)
Ⅳ.選詞成篇
in addition; thanks to; be equipped with; free from; rid...of; lead to
In the 1970s, our country was so poor that some people even didn’t have enough to eat. Though the peasants were enthusiastic in working the land, they 1.were poorly equipped__with farming facilities, 2.leading__to the poor grain output. In order to 3.rid people of hunger, the government launched a battle against poverty, aiming to increase the agricultural production by developing science and technology of farming. 4.Thanks__to the efforts of the government, many people made up their minds to do research into agriculture. Yuan Longping became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output in 1973. 5.In__addition,__he insists that we should make full use of new energy to keep our environment 6.free__from pollution. Yuan Longping has made such a great contribution to mankind that he is respected and admired by people all over the world. He was awarded Medals of the Republic by Chairman Xi Jinping on September 29th, 2019.
Ⅴ.完成句子
1．你贊同我推遲我們?nèi)ピ颇系穆眯袉?？如果贊同，請盡快回信告訴我。
Do you agree that I will put our visit to Yunnan off? If__so,__write back to tell me about it as soon as possible.
2．(2018·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá))重要的是，老人是第一個(gè)品嘗餐桌上美食的人，因?yàn)樵谥袊先撕苁茏鹬亍?br /> Most importantly, the elderly are the__first__to__taste__the__delicious__food because they are well respected in China.
3．你的微笑是使得你結(jié)識新人的最強(qiáng)大的工具之一。
Your smile is one of the strongest tools that make__it__possible__for__you__to__meet new people.
4．現(xiàn)在越來越多的人寧愿不住在大城市里。
Nowadays more and more people would__rather__not__live__in__big__cities．

struggle　vi.& n．斗爭；拼搏；努力；掙扎
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①We have to struggle against/with all kinds of difficulties from home and abroad.
②(2018·全國卷Ⅱ書面表達(dá))In the short film, you can learn that my school has been struggling for a better future.
[能力提升]——句式升級
③(普通表達(dá))Mary had struggled to find a job for months, and finally took a position at a local advertising agency.
(高級表達(dá))Having__struggled__to__find__a__job__for__months,__Mary finally took a position at a local advertising agency.(分詞作狀語)

struggle to do sth.　　　 努力做某事，掙扎著做某事
struggle for... 為……而斗爭，與……作斗爭
struggle with/against... 同……搏斗
struggle to one’s feet 掙扎著站起來　
[佳句背誦] Some farmers would like to leave their hometown and go to work in cities, struggling to provide better education for their children.
一些農(nóng)民想離開家鄉(xiāng)到城市工作，努力為他們的孩子提供更好的教育。
equip　vt.& vi.配備；裝備
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①It is often said that human beings are naturally equipped to__speak(speak)．
②We want our son to have a good education that will equip him for future life.
③If it were not the modern equipment(equip), such experiments would not be performed.
[能力提升]——句式升級
(普通表達(dá))He is equipped with much experience in teaching, so he is well respected by all his students.
④(高級表達(dá))Equipped__with__much__experience__in__teaching,__he is well respected by all his students.(過去分詞作狀語)
⑤(高級表達(dá))Equipping__himself__with__much__experience__in__teaching,__he is well respected by all his students.(現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語)

(1)equip...with...　　　　 用……裝備……
be equipped with 裝備著……
equip...for sth./to do sth.
為了某事/做某事而裝備……
(2)equipment n. [U] 裝備；設(shè)備　
[佳句背誦] As our new stadium is equipped with advanced facilities, we have organized a variety of events in it.
因?yàn)樾麦w育館裝備先進(jìn)的設(shè)施， 我們已在體育場舉辦了各種各樣的賽事。(2018·全國卷Ⅲ書面表達(dá))
[名師點(diǎn)津]
(1)過去分詞短語equipped with...常用作狀語。
(2)牢記equipment是不可數(shù)名詞，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。
confuse　vt.使迷惑；使為難；使混亂；混淆
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①I would often get confused(confuse) when I came across new words with a similar spelling.
②I always confuse John with his brother; they are so much alike.
[能力提升]——完成句子
③我對中國的餐桌禮儀非常困惑， 如果你給我一些在晚宴上如何做到行為得體的建議，我將感激不盡。
I am__quite__confused__by__Chinese__table__manners. I’d appreciate it if you could give me some tips on how to behave properly at a dinner party.

confuse...with/and... 混淆；辨別不清
be confused by 被……弄混；糊涂
confused adj. 困惑的；煩惱的
confusing adj. 令人費(fèi)解的；使人困惑的
confusion n. 困惑　
[佳句背誦] For example, there are huge amounts of reference books which I am often confused to choose from.　例如，有大量的參考書，我經(jīng)常會(huì)因?yàn)檫x擇而感到困惑。(2018·江蘇卷書面表達(dá))
regret　v．可惜；后悔；遺憾；惋惜　n．遺憾；懊悔
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①Li Ping did not regret giving/having__given(give) the comment but felt that she could have expressed it differently.
②We regret to__inform(inform) you that your application has not been successful.
[能力提升]——一句多譯
很遺憾地告訴你，我不能在約定的時(shí)間陪你去北京了。
③I__regret__to__tell__you that I can’t accompany you to Beijing at the appointed time.(regret vt.)
④Much__to__my__regret/To__my__great__regret,__I can’t accompany you to Beijing at the appointed time.(regret n．)

(1)regret 后悔做了某事
regret to say/tell/inform...that...
遺憾地說/告知……
(2)with great regret 非常遺憾
to one’s regret 令某人抱歉/遺憾的是　
[佳句背誦] It is with great regret that I say goodbye to you, but I never regret having spent such a good time with you.　和你分別我感到非常遺憾， 但我不后悔與你共度了如此美好的時(shí)光。
focus　vt.集中；聚集　n．焦點(diǎn)；中心點(diǎn)
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①To lead a happy life in the future, you should focus more on/upon your career while you are young.
②With his attention focused(focus) on his homework, he forgot all about what I had told him.
③With so many people focusing(focus) their eyes on him, he felt very nervous.
[能力提升]——完成句子
④這表明當(dāng)今社會(huì)的一個(gè)普遍現(xiàn)象：孩子是家庭的中心，承載著父母的希望。
It shows a common phenomenon nowadays that children are the__focus__of__families,__shouldering the hope of their parents.

(1)focus on/upon... 集中于……
focus one’s attention/eyes/energy on...
集中注意力/目光/精力于……
(2)the focus of attention/concern
注意力/關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)　
[佳句背誦] Unless you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.　除非你能睡得好，否則一兩個(gè)晚上后你就失去集中注意力、做好規(guī)劃和保持積極性的能力。(2018·江蘇卷)
reduce　vt.減少；減縮
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①The government calls on the public to go to work by bicycle instead of by car to__reduce(reduce) air pollution.
②With great effort, she has reduced her weight by five kilograms in the past 7 days.
③It was foggy so the driver had to reduce speed to forty kilometres an hour.
[能力提升]——完成句子
④減少壓力最有效的方式之一就是與你信任的人聊聊你的感受。
One__of__the__most__effective__ways__to__reduce__stress is to talk about your feelings with someone you trust.

reduce...by...　　　 把……減少了……
reduce...to... 把……減少到……；
把……變?yōu)椤?br /> be reduced to 陷入某種境地(to為介詞)　
[佳句背誦] It turns out that just looking at green, growing things can reduce stress, lower blood pressure, and put people into a better mood.
結(jié)果證明看綠色的、生長的東西可以減少壓力，降低血壓，使人們的心情變得更好。(2019·全國卷Ⅰ)
build up　逐漸增強(qiáng)；增強(qiáng)……的體質(zhì)；建立；創(chuàng)辦；開發(fā)；聚集；積累
[一詞多義]——寫出下列句中build up的含義
①To learn a language well you must build up a useful vocabulary.積累
②His confidence built up gradually as he gained more and more experience in teaching.逐漸增強(qiáng)
③You ought to take more sports after school so as to build up your strength.增強(qiáng)……的體質(zhì)
④Therefore, let’s take the responsibility to build up a low-carbon city by riding bicycles.建立；創(chuàng)辦

pick up　　　　 撿起；(無意中)學(xué)會(huì)；接收；搭載
take up 拿起；開始；從事；占據(jù)
make up 虛構(gòu)；彌補(bǔ)；組成
break up 關(guān)系破裂；分手；放假　
[佳句背誦] Taking an active part in sports and outdoor activities are really helpful to build up our body and enrich our school life.
積極參加體育和戶外活動(dòng)確實(shí)有助于強(qiáng)身健體和豐富我們的學(xué)校生活。
lead to　導(dǎo)致；造成(后果)；通向……
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①The discovery of new evidence led to the thief’s being__caught(catch)．
②In class I will divide the students into small groups and lead them to__practice(practice) speaking English in an interesting way.
[能力提升]——一句多譯
眾所周知，成功在于努力，而懶惰導(dǎo)致失敗。
③As we all know, success lies in hard work while__laziness__leads__to__failure．(lead)
④As we all know, success lies in hard work while__laziness__results__in__failure．(result)

lead sb.to do sth.　　　　 使某人做某事
lead/live a...life 過……樣的生活
lead the way 引路；帶路　
[佳句背誦] As the old saying goes, “All roads lead to Rome.”
俗話說：“條條大路通羅馬?！?br /> [名師點(diǎn)津] (1)lead to中的to是介詞，后接名詞、代詞或v.-ing形式。
(2)表示“導(dǎo)致”的短語還有：result in, contribute to, bring about, account for等。

if條件狀語從句的省略形式
(教材P9)If so, what did you do to grow them?
如果這樣的話，你怎樣來種植這些植物？
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——用右欄句式填空
①If__possible,__try to go to bed and wake up at the same time every day.
②If we can do that, we can keep up with the times. But if__not,__we would always fall behind.
[能力提升]——微寫作
③(2019·全國卷Ⅲ書面表達(dá))我是李華， 我想知道周末你是否有空。如果有空咱們一起參加我校的音樂節(jié)吧。
I’m Li Hua. I’m wondering if you are available at the weekend. If__so,__let’s__attend the music festival of my school.

if ever　　　　　　　 如果有過/發(fā)生過的話
if any 如果有的話
if possible 如果有可能
if necessary 如果有必要　
[佳句背誦] Would you like to join our school table tennis team？If so, please email me as soon as possible.
你愿意加入我們校乒乓球隊(duì)嗎？如果愿意，請盡快給我發(fā)郵件。(2017·全國卷Ⅲ書面表達(dá))
would rather do sth.寧愿做某事
(教材P10)He would much rather keep time for his hobbies.
他寧愿把時(shí)間花在自己的愛好上。
[基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)]——單句語法填空
①She would rather you came(come) tomorrow than today.
②I stayed at home last night, but I’d rather I had__gone(go) to the theatre with my friends.
[能力提升]——一句多譯
為了過低碳生活，一些人寧愿坐公交也不愿開車去上班。
③To live a low-carbon life, some people would__rather__take__the__bus__than__drive__a__car to work.
④In order to live a low-carbon life, some people would__take__the__bus__rather__than__drive__a__car to work.
⑤Some people prefer__to__take__the__bus__rather__than__drive__a__car to work so that they can live a low-carbon life.

(1)
(2)would rather＋從句
　
[佳句背誦] I would rather stay at home at the weekend, reading some English novels.
周末我寧愿待在家里看一些英文小說。
[名師點(diǎn)津] 牢記I’d rather that...要用虛擬語氣！　

Ⅰ.詞形轉(zhuǎn)換和動(dòng)詞的形式變換(用所給詞的正確形式填空)
1．(2019·江蘇卷)This has led companies and individuals to donate money to developing countries to buy computer equipment(equip) and internet facilities.
2．They are discovering how to design spaces that promote creativity, keep people focused(focus), and lead to relaxation.
3．Having__struggled(struggle) for many years, he was finally admitted to a key university.
4．She was so hungry(hunger) for success that she’d do anything to achieve it.
5．In the last decade, the project has__expanded(expand) its welfare to support 12，000 poor students.
6．If you stay under the strong sunlight for a long time without any protection，your skin will get sunburnt(sunburn)．
7．The two scientists both made the same discovery(discover) independently, at almost the same time.
8．The prize provided her with forever freedom(free) to continue her genetic research without repeatedly asking for financial aid.
Ⅱ.固定用法和搭配(在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式)
1．What a pity! I’d rather I had__followed(follow) my teacher’s advice yesterday.
2．The increasing use of foreign words may lead to people forgetting(forget) the good qualities of traditional Chinese.
3．I’d appreciate it if you could make helpful comments on/about my work.
4．(北京卷)The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is that one can be entirely free from dust.
5．In recent years, Mrs. Brown has focused on using her Weibo to encourage those who want to follow her example.
Ⅲ.熟詞生義(根據(jù)具體語境寫出加黑詞的詞性及含義)
1．(2019·天津卷)Would you BET on the future of this man？He is 53 years old.Most of his adult life has been a losing struggle against debt and misfortune.n.斗爭；拼搏
2．(北京卷)To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well.n.渴望
3．The report underlines the importance of pre-school education.vt.強(qiáng)調(diào)

提能一　語段填空(在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式)
(一)
I would rather make 1.comments(comment) on the situation of the Africa. I regret 2.to__say(say) that most people there struggle 3.against/with natural disasters and lead a miserable life for lack of nutrition. Luckily, they focus 4.on learning advanced technology from developed countries and build up the food supply. If 5.so,__I hold the firm belief that all these measures will lead 6.to a great improvement in their life.
(二)
John was a farmer.For decades, he 1.had__been__struggling(struggle) to rid his family of hunger.One day, when 2.skimming(skim) through a newspaper, John read a comment on Yuan Longping.He focused on his 3.discovery(discover) and the statistics of his research. He found the knowledge Yuan circulated very 4.practical(practice)．Therefore, he made a summary and began to build 5.up a new farming method.He planted super grain of rich nutrition and equipped 6.himself(he) to keep his crops roots free 7.from bacteria and pests. He also enriched minerals in the soil while reducing chemical fertilizers. 8.Thanks(thank) to Yuan Longping, he not only won the battle against hunger, but he could also export his crops abroad.
提能二　話題寫作(用本單元詞匯、句式和語法知識寫滿分作文)
假設(shè)你是李華，最近從報(bào)刊上了解到袁隆平海水稻研究的成功后，寫了一篇英語短文發(fā)表在校報(bào)上。要點(diǎn)如下：①袁隆平生于1930年，1953年大學(xué)畢業(yè)；②成功研發(fā)雜交水稻，在2017年研究海水稻，超級水稻創(chuàng)下新紀(jì)錄；③你的感想。
1．補(bǔ)全要點(diǎn)句(黑體部分請用本單元所學(xué)詞匯)
①被譽(yù)為中國“雜交水稻之父”的袁隆平，一生致力于使世界擺脫饑餓。
Yuan Longping, known as China’s “father of hybrid rice”， devotes__his__life__to__ridding__the__world__of__hunger．
②他生于1930年，于1953年大學(xué)畢業(yè)，那時(shí)饑餓對于農(nóng)村許多人而言是個(gè)令人苦惱的問題。
He was born in 1930 and graduated from college in 1953. At that time hunger__was__a__disturbing__problem__for__many__people in the countryside.
③自此以后，他努力研發(fā)高產(chǎn)水稻，這幫助農(nóng)民比以前增收兩倍。
Since then, he has struggled__to__develop__rice__that__has__a__high__output,__which helps farmers produce__harvests__twice__as__large__as__before．
④2017年，他的超級水稻創(chuàng)下新紀(jì)錄，而且他的海洋水稻研究證明是個(gè)極大的成功。
In 2017, his super rice set a new record and his__research__on__sea__rice__proved__to__be__a__great__success．
⑤盡管袁隆平對自己的生活很滿意，但他寧愿專注于自己的愛好而不在乎出名或金錢。
Though Yuan Longping is__quite__satisfied__with__his__life,__he would__rather__focus__on__his__hobbies__than__care__about__being__famous__or__money．
⑥從他身上，我意識到為我們的目標(biāo)而努力，才能促使成功。(動(dòng)名詞作主語)
From him, I realize that struggling__for__our__aims__can__lead__to__success．
2．升級平淡句
⑦用定語從句升級句②
He__was__born__in__1930__and__graduated__from__college__in__1953,__when__hunger__was__a__disturbing__problem__for__many__people__in__the__countryside.
⑧用though倒裝句升級句⑤
Quite__satisfied__though__Yuan__Longping__is__with__his__life,__he__would__rather__focus__on__his__hobbies__than__care__about__being__famous__or__money.
3．銜接成美文
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Yuan Longping, known as China’s “father of hybrid rice”， devotes his life to ridding the world of hunger.
He was born in 1930 and graduated from college in 1953, when hunger was a disturbing problem for many people in the countryside. Since then, he has struggled to develop rice that has a high output, which helps farmers produce harvests twice as large as before. In 2017, his super rice set a new record and his research on sea rice proved to be a great success. Quite satisfied though Yuan Longping is with his life, he would rather focus on his hobbies than care about being famous or money.
From him, I realize that struggling for our aims can lead to success.

(建議用時(shí)：35分鐘)
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
(2020·湖州檢測)China is a large producer and consumer of rice. But, as a result of climate change, the amount of land available for rice growing in the country is shrinking. The concern has motivated scientists led by Yuan Longping，known as “the father of hybrid rice”， to look for new ways of growing the grain.
Now they’re celebrating successful efforts to grow rice—in sand and seawater. Rice is traditionally grown in soil and fresh water. Starting from January, according to the official Xinhua News Agency, the scientists have grown dozens of varieties of rice in the deserts of Dubai. They experimented with seawater because it is easier to obtain in the desert than fresh water.
China is not the only country facing the issue of overly salty soil. Around the world, there are around 2.35 billion acres of highly saline(含鹽的) land. And the number is increasing because of rising sea levels and climate change.
“Probably only a small part of the world’s saline land could be brought into production with seawater rice，but that would still have a very important effect on food security，” Even R. Pay, a senior analyst, said.
Yuan told Xinhua that one of the varieties of rice grown in Dubai produced over three tons, per acre, which Yuan said was beyond expectations.
Rice is the basic food in many parts of the world. About 90% of rice consumption is from Asia, but demand in Africa and Latin America is on the rise.
A climate change researcher said the successful experiment could potentially benefit many countries. “This is a fantastic development, which is likely to have a good effect on agricultural resource and water-poor countries, particularly in North Africa region.”
Even though the cost of growing salt-tolerant rice is still high，it will also have strategic value once it’s commercialized.
【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文主要介紹了在“雜交水稻之父”袁隆平帶領(lǐng)下的科學(xué)家們進(jìn)行了在沙子和海水中種植水稻的試驗(yàn)。
1．What has caused the scientists to find new ways of growing rice?
A．The increase of rice consumers.
B．The high cost of rice producing.
C．The land shortage of rice growing.
D．The severe pollution of fresh water.
C　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“But, as a result of climate change...to look for new ways of growing the grain.”可知，適合種植水稻的土地短缺促使科學(xué)家們?nèi)ふ曳N植水稻的新方法。
2．What can be inferred from the text?
A．About 90% of the rice is demanded and consumed in China.
B．The production of a new type of rice is larger than expected.
C．The increase of saline land is mainly caused by climate change.
D．Seawater is used in the experiment because it is cheaper to gain.
B　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中的“one of the varieties of rice grown in Dubai produced over three tons, per acre, which Yuan said was beyond expectations”可知，其中一種在迪拜種植的水稻產(chǎn)量為每英畝三噸多，這超出了人們的預(yù)料，故選B。
3．What is the author’s attitude to the rice-growing experiment?
A．Doubtful. B．Positive.
C．Critical. D．Disappointed.
B　解析：觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段“Even though the cost of growing salt-tolerant rice is still high, it will also have strategic value once it’s commercialized.”可推知，作者對這種水稻種植的試驗(yàn)持樂觀的態(tài)度。
B
A large-scale study has found a link between eating a diet based on organic food and having a reduced risk of cancer. If the new results are confirmed, promoting organic food consumption could be a promising preventative strategy against diseases, a team of researchers from several French institutions said.
Among the environmental risks for cancer, there are growing concerns about exposure to different types of pesticides(殺蟲劑) from farming. The impact of such chemicals on the human body is still not well understood, but there are some indications that harmful effects can occur even at low concentrations.
Meanwhile, pushed by environment and health concerns, the organic food market continues to grow rapidly. Organic food is produced without the use of synthetic(合成的) fertilizers, pesticides, genetically modified organisms and veterinary(獸醫(yī)的) medications.
“Organic foods are less likely to contain pesticide remains than conventional foods, and studies have shown that an organic diet reduces exposure to certain pesticides，” Julia Baudry, lead author of the study from the Centre of Research in Epidemiology(流行病學(xué)) and Statistics in France, told Newsweek.
“In the general population, the primary route of exposure is the diet, especially intake of conventionally grown fruits and vegetables. However, few studies have examined the association between organic food consumption and cancer risk.”
For the study, published in the journal JAMA Internal Medicine, a team of researchers examined data on the organic food consumption frequency and dietary intake of 68，946 French adults collected by an ongoing survey which began in 2009. They then followed up these people at various points in the future.
Participants reported how often (never, occasionally or most of the time) they consumed 16 types of organic foods including fruits, vegetables, soy-based products, dairy products, meat and fish, eggs, grain and legumes, bread and cereals, flour, vegetable oils and condiments, ready-to-eat meals, coffee, tea and herbal tea, wine, biscuits, chocolate, sugar and so on.
【解題導(dǎo)語】　一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，食用有機(jī)食品與降低患癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)之間存在聯(lián)系。如果新的研究結(jié)果被證實(shí)的話，提倡食用有機(jī)食品是一種很有發(fā)展前景的預(yù)防疾病的策略。
4．What is the finding of the study?
A．Processed food consumption may lead to an increased risk of cancer.
B．Promoting organic food consumption may help to prevent diseases.　
C．Organic food consumption can help cure cancer in a short time.
D．Eating a diet based on organic food may lead to the risk of cancer.
B　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“If the new results are confirmed, promoting organic food consumption could be a promising preventative strategy against diseases...”可知，該研究發(fā)現(xiàn)食用有機(jī)食品可能會(huì)幫助人們預(yù)防疾病。故選B項(xiàng)。
5．Why is organic food becoming popular nowadays?
A．Organic food never contains harmful chemicals.
B．Organic food market continues to grow rapidly.
C．People care about environment and health issues.
D．Organic food is produced in a clean environment.
C　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Meanwhile, pushed by environment and health concerns, the organic food market continues to grow rapidly.”可知，現(xiàn)在有機(jī)食品流行是因?yàn)槿藗冴P(guān)注環(huán)境與健康問題。故選C項(xiàng)。
6．Which of the following is the advantage of organic food?
A．Organic food never contains harmful pesticide remains.
B．Organic food is less likely to be exposed to some pesticides.
C．Different types of pesticides won’t affect organic food.
D．Organic food won’t be influenced by outside environment.
B　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Organic foods are less likely to contain pesticide remains than conventional foods, and studies have shown that an organic diet reduces exposure to certain pesticides”可知，有機(jī)食品含有殺蟲劑殘留物的可能性低于傳統(tǒng)食品，研究還表明有機(jī)食品可降低受某些殺蟲劑影響的程度。故選B項(xiàng)。
7．What might the article go on describing after the last paragraph?
A．The researching process of the study.
B．The disadvantages of organic food.
C．The bright future of organic food.
D．Other researches on organic food.
A　解析：推理判斷題。最后一段介紹了研究的參與者報(bào)告他們食用16種不同類型的有機(jī)食品的頻率，下一步應(yīng)該是對實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行研究，即實(shí)驗(yàn)的研究過程。A項(xiàng)意為“這項(xiàng)研究的研究過程”；B項(xiàng)意為“有機(jī)食品的缺點(diǎn)”；C項(xiàng)意為“有機(jī)食品光明的未來”；D項(xiàng)意為“其他關(guān)于有機(jī)食品的研究”。故選A項(xiàng)。
Ⅱ.七選五
(2020·寧波重點(diǎn)中學(xué)教學(xué)質(zhì)量評估)
Making Your Way Through the Lunchroom
What’s everyone’s favorite period? Lunch, what else? 1.________， if foods like pizza, or cheeseburgers(奶酪漢堡) are in front of you when you’re most hungry. Here are some tricks to choose foods that will keep you focused and active throughout the day.
2．________. If your school cafeteria provides a weekly or monthly menu, check it out. Knowing what’s on the menu puts you in control. You can pick and choose when you want to buy lunch and when you want to bring your own.
Head for the salad bar. 3.________. If you’d rather pack, consider adding carrot sticks, a piece of fresh fruit, or purple cabbage to your lunch bag.Do remember not to put too much salad dressing.
Take the energy into consideration. Some foods are better choices than others for obtaining energy during the day. Choose low-fat foods, like chicken, beans, or low-fat milk products and add lots of fruits and vegetables to your meal. 4.________. Foods, like sugary snacks(小吃) or French fries, may give you a quick rush of energy but it’s not lasting—which means you’ll be left wanting more soon after you eat.
Stop for a snack. You can’t concentrate without a well-fed mind and body. So take along a healthy snack, like carrot sticks, to fight hunger between classes. 5.________．
A．Get a copy of the menu
B．Make a menu for your school cafeteria
C．But it can be hard to make healthy choices
D．If your school offers one, take advantage of it
E．You may take away whatever you get interested in
F．It will keep you going and help avoid overeating when mealtime arrives
G．They’ll provide the minerals you need and the energy to get through the day
【解題導(dǎo)語】　本文是一篇說明文，作者就如何在學(xué)校選擇合適的食物提出了建議。
1．C　解析：根據(jù)下文的“Here are some tricks to choose foods that will keep...the day.”可知，之所以作者給讀者提出建議，是因?yàn)檫@些食物如果擺在饑餓的讀者面前，讀者很難作出健康的選擇，因此選C項(xiàng)。
2．A　解析：后一句中作者建議查看學(xué)校餐廳提供的每周或每月的菜單，這樣有助于提前作出決定，因此這里指得到一份菜單，故選A項(xiàng)。雖然B項(xiàng)也提到菜單，但是“你給學(xué)校餐廳提供菜單”不符合實(shí)際情況和語境。
3．D　解析：本段的主題句是“Head for the salad bar.”，D項(xiàng)正是建議你利用學(xué)校的沙拉售貨臺(tái)。故選D項(xiàng)。
4．G　解析：本段的主題句說明了選擇食物時(shí)要考慮食物所能提供的能量。前一句表明“選擇低脂肪的食物，如雞肉、豆類或低脂奶制品，并在食物中加入大量的水果和蔬菜”，G項(xiàng)中的They指的是上文提到的這些食物，同時(shí)也闡述了這些食物含有身體需要的礦物質(zhì)和能量。
5．F　解析：由上文的“take along a healthy snack...to fight hunger between classes”可知，吃一些健康的零食能夠緩解饑餓，補(bǔ)充體力，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)中的“It”指代前面的“a healthy snack”，因此F項(xiàng)符合此處語境。
Ⅲ.語法填空
(2020·浙江卷1月)Something significant is happening to the world population—it is aging. The median(中位數(shù)的) age of an American in 1950 1.was(be) 30—today it is 41 and is expected 2.to__increase(increase) to 42 by 2050. For Japan, the 3.numbers(number) are more striking—22 in 1950, 46 today and 53 in 2050. In 2015, one in 12 people around the world were over 65; by 2050, it will be one in six.
This aging of the population is driven 4.by two factors. The first is declining birth rates, which means old generations are large 5.compared(compare) to younger generations, and so, on average, the population becomes 6.older(old) than before. This is 7.particularly(particular) true in the US. The second reason is that people are living longer. A child born in the US today has 8.a very realistic chance of living beyond 100 and needs to plan accordingly.
People tend to focus on the first factor. However, greater attention should 9.be__placed(place) on longevity(長壽). It isn’t just that people are, on average, living longer. It’s also that they are on average healthier 10.and more productive for longer. Therefore, they can work for longer, consume more and in general be a boost to the economy.

英語朗讀寶
相關(guān)資料 更多
資料下載及使用幫助
版權(quán)申訴
版權(quán)申訴
若您為此資料的原創(chuàng)作者，認(rèn)為該資料內(nèi)容侵犯了您的知識產(chǎn)權(quán)，請掃碼添加我們的相關(guān)工作人員，我們盡可能的保護(hù)您的合法權(quán)益。
入駐教習(xí)網(wǎng)，可獲得資源免費(fèi)推廣曝光，還可獲得多重現(xiàn)金獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，申請 精品資源制作， 工作室入駐。
版權(quán)申訴二維碼
高考專區(qū)
歡迎來到教習(xí)網(wǎng)
  • 900萬優(yōu)選資源，讓備課更輕松
  • 600萬優(yōu)選試題，支持自由組卷
  • 高質(zhì)量可編輯，日均更新2000+
  • 百萬教師選擇，專業(yè)更值得信賴
微信掃碼注冊
qrcode
二維碼已過期
刷新

微信掃碼，快速注冊

手機(jī)號注冊
手機(jī)號碼

手機(jī)號格式錯(cuò)誤

手機(jī)驗(yàn)證碼 獲取驗(yàn)證碼

手機(jī)驗(yàn)證碼已經(jīng)成功發(fā)送，5分鐘內(nèi)有效

設(shè)置密碼

6-20個(gè)字符，數(shù)字、字母或符號

注冊即視為同意教習(xí)網(wǎng)「注冊協(xié)議」及「隱私條款」
QQ注冊
手機(jī)號注冊
微信注冊

注冊成功

返回
頂部