2021版浙江高考英語（人教版）一輪復習基礎考點聚焦選修6學案5Unit5　課后達標檢測-學案下載-教習網(wǎng)

(建議用時：35分鐘)
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
(2020·浙江六校協(xié)作體聯(lián)考)British chemist David Evans has become an overnight celebrity on Chinese social media. His chemistry experiments have attracted over 2 million followers in just a few months. Evans is a chemistry professor at Beijing University of Chemical Technology. The 60-year-old always wears a white lab coat, a pair of safety goggles(護目鏡), and smiles often. Some web users say he looks just like “the Grandpa of KFC”．
Evans has posted videos of various experiments. His most popular experiments have attracted millions of hits on video-sharing apps. Excited children’s cheers and shouts can be heard in his videos.“I hope my experiments can arouse people’s interest in science，” he says.
Evans has been interested in China since childhood. In the early 1970s, before the reform and opening-up, he viewed China as “a country full of mysteries”. He first visited the Chinese mainland in 1987 to attend a chemistry conference in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province. He quit his job in the United Kingdom and moved to Beijing in 1996. Many of his friends thought he was crazy. But Evans said they just saw China’s challenges but not its potential.
Since 2011, Evans has turned to the Internet to popularize science. He learned short-video apps are also popular in small cities and rural areas. And he realized this enables him to reach more students, who lack opportunities to perform fun experiments. But even a one-minute video requires a considerable amount of work. Still, he thinks it’s worth it to fulfill his responsibility to popularize science.
His experiments always fill schools’ lecture halls with laughter. Some viewers call him “a Harry Potter-like magician”， but he disagrees.“A magician never tells the secrets behind his tricks, but a scientist always gives an explanation.” He sees himself as a teacher. He performs experiments to spread knowledge, inspire thinking, remove misunderstandings and show that science can create change. Evans says he looks forward to more “chemical reactions” with China.
【解題導語】　文章介紹了一位移居中國的英國化學家戴維·埃文斯在中國通過短視頻普及科學知識的事跡。
1．Who is David Evans according to the passage?
A．A manager of KFC.　　　 B．A film celebrity.
C．A chemistry teacher. D．A British magician.
C　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第三句“Evans is a chemistry professor at Beijing University of Chemical Technology.”可知，埃文斯是北京化工大學的一名化學教授，故選C項。
2．Why did Evans begin to post videos of experiments on the Internet?
A．To popularize science.
B．To rise to fame.
C．To apply short-video apps.
D．To make a fortune.
A　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“Still, he thinks it’s worth it to fulfill his responsibility to popularize science.”可知，盡管制作一個一分鐘的視頻都需要相當大的工作量，埃文斯仍然認為履行推廣科學的責任是值得的，故選A項。
3．What can we infer from the passage?
A．Evans knows exactly how a magic works.
B．Evans will continue to post videos of experiments in China.
C．Evans’ students like to interrupt his experiments with laughter.
D．Evans’ friends admired his decision to move to China.
B　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段最后一句“Evans says he looks forward to more ‘chemical reactions’ with China.”可知，埃文斯期待與中國進行更多的“化學反應”，故可推斷出埃文斯將繼續(xù)在中國發(fā)布實驗視頻，故選B項。
B
(2020·瑞安高三調(diào)研)Please take a few seconds and think of your personal biggest goal. Imagine telling someone you meet today what you’re going to do. Imagine their congratulations and their high image of you. Doesn’t it feel good to say it out loud? Don’t you feel one step closer already? Well, bad news: you should have kept your mouth shut, because that good feeling will make you less likely to do it.
Any time you have a goal, there is some work that needs to be done to achieve it. Ideally, you would not be satisfied until you’d actually done the work. But when you tell someone your goal and he acknowledges(承認) it, psychologists have found it’s called a “social__reality”. The mind is kind of tricked into a feeling that it’s already done. And then, because you’ve felt that satisfaction, you’re less motivated to do the actual and necessary hard work. This goes against the traditional wisdom that we should tell our friends our goals, right?
In 1982, Peter Gollwitzer, a professor of psychology, wrote a whole book about this. And in 2009, he did some new tests that were published. It goes like this：163 people across four separate tests—everyone wrote down their personal goal. Then half of them announced their commitment(承諾) to this goal to the room, and half didn’t. Then everyone was given 45 minutes of work that would directly lead them towards their goal, but they were told that they could stop at any time. Finally those who kept their mouths shut worked the entire 45 minutes on average, and when asked afterwards, said they felt they had a long way to go to achieve their goal. But those who had announced it quit after only 33 minutes on average, and when asked afterwards, said that they felt much closer to achieving their goal.
【解題導語】　實現(xiàn)一個目標需要做一些工作，試驗表明，在實現(xiàn)目標之前就告訴別人你的目標并得到別人的認可，則有可能使你感到滿意，陷入目標已完成的錯覺，從而動力減少，不能很好地去工作。而在實現(xiàn)目標之前沒有說出目標則會使你工作更努力。
4．What do the words “social reality” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Completion of the goal.
B．Necessary hard work.
C．People’s acknowledgement.
D．A sense of satisfaction.
A　解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞組后一句“The mind is kind of tricked into a feeling that it’s already done.”并結合畫線詞組所在句可推知，social reality在此處意為“目標的完成”。
5．What does Peter Gollwitzer try to tell us?
A．Writing down the goal is very helpful.
B．Achieving personal goal needs more time.
C．Keeping the goal secret makes people work harder.
D．Making the goal public makes people less satisfied.
C　解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后兩句“Finally those who kept their mouths shut...to achieving their goal.”可知，Peter Gollwitzer想告訴我們：沒有說出目標的人工作時間更長，工作更努力。
6．How did Peter Gollwitzer prove his idea about people’s goal?
A．By giving figures.
B．By giving examples.
C．By making a survey.
D．By making comparison tests.
D　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容可知，Peter Gollwitzer把所測試的對象分成兩部分，一半說出自己的目標，一半沒有說出目標，每個人都給了45分鐘，他們可以隨時停止。試驗表明，沒有說出目標的人平均工作了45分鐘，而說出目標的人平均工作了33分鐘。由此可知，Peter Gollwitzer是通過進行比較測試來證明他的觀點的，故選D。
7．What will probably happen if you tell your friends your goal?
A．You will be more confident.
B．You will not gain satisfaction.
C．You are less likely to realize it.
D．You’ll be much more motivated.
C　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容，尤其是最后一句中的“because that good feeling will make you less likely to do it”可推知，如果你把目標告訴你的朋友，你就不太可能會實現(xiàn)目標，故選C。
【難句分析】　Finally those who kept their mouths shut worked the entire 45 minutes on average, and when asked afterwards, said they felt they had a long way to go to achieve their goal.
分析：本句主句主語是those，謂語是worked, said。who kept their mouths shut是who引導的定語從句，修飾先行詞those; when asked afterwards是時間狀語從句的省略形式；they felt they had a long way to go to achieve their goal是省略了that的賓語從句，作said的賓語。
譯文：最終，那些保持沉默的人平均工作了整整45分鐘，當后來被問到時，他們說他們覺得要實現(xiàn)目標還有很長的路要走。
Ⅱ.七選五
As we all know, health is more important than wealth. Almost all the people value health most.1.________ There are three things that a person can do to help stay in good shape: eat right food, get enough sleep, and exercise on a regular basis.
2．________Your body cannot work well unless it receives the proper kind of “fuel”. Don’t eat too much food with lots of sugar and fat. Instead, take in plenty of foods high in protein(蛋白質(zhì)), like meat, fish, eggs and nuts. Vegetables and fruits are very important because they provide necessary vitamins and minerals.
Getting the proper amount of sleep is also important. If you don’t get enough sleep, you feel tired and easily get angry. You have no energy. Over a long period of time a little amount of sleep may even result in a change of character. Be sure to allow yourself seven to nine hours of sleep each night.3.________
Finally, get plenty of exercise. 4.________ It also improves your heart and lungs. If you follow a regular exercise program, you will probably live longer. 5.________ Basketball, swimming, bicycling, running are good examples. Sports are not only good for your body, but they are enjoyable and interesting.
If you follow the tips above, you will probably live to be much older and wiser.
A．Proper nutrition is important for good health.
B．The body needs proper care in order to be healthy.
C．Eating a balanced diet helps to make your mind active.
D．It is beneficial to your health to take exercise every day.
E．Then your body will feel strong and your mind will be sharp.
F．Most sports are very good for keeping the body in good shape.
G．It makes the body strong and prevents you from putting on weight.
【解題導語】　本文開頭指出“健康比財富更重要”，接著分別從飲食、睡眠、鍛煉這三個方面給我們做出了保持健康的指導。
1．B　解析：本空承上啟下，引出文章的主題，故B項符合語境。
2．A　解析：根據(jù)文章結構和空處所在位置可知，此空為段落主題句。根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容，尤其是“foods high in protein(蛋白質(zhì))”和“vitamins and minerals”可知，本段主要講適當?shù)臓I養(yǎng)對保持健康的重要性。故答案選A。
3．E　解析：空前一句是說確保七到九個小時的睡眠，故E項“然后你的身體將會強壯，你的思維將會敏銳”承接上文，符合語境。
4．G　解析：根據(jù)空后的“It also improves your heart and lungs.”可知，空處應該也是敘述鍛煉身體的具體好處，故G項符合語境。
5．F　解析：根據(jù)該段主題句中的“get plenty of exercise”和空后一句列舉的多種運動方式，以及下文中的“Sports”可知，F(xiàn)項符合語境。
Ⅲ.語法填空
(2020·杭州診斷)I can well remember that I was once asked to deliver a speech titled “A Real Test in My Life” before the whole class at the age of 9! You can imagine how 1.____________(terrible) shy I was with so many eyes fixed on me. I had no choice but 2.____________(prepare) for it, though. First of all, I was to draft the speech, 3.____________ was just a piece of cake for me, a good writer. But the hardest part 4.____________(lie) in my oral presentation from my memory—for it 5.____________(forbid) to read from the paper. The real moment began when I stood on the platform with my legs 6.____________(tremble) and my mind blank. But my listeners were waiting patiently without any signs of rushing me. Gradually I found 7.__________ back, delivering my speech without difficulty. After 8.__________ seemed to be a hundred years, I found my audience applauding—I made it! From then on, my fear of talking before the audience disappeared. Actually with my 9.____________(confident) built up, I now turn out to be a great speaker. Looking back, I know the 10.____________(great) difficulty on my way to success is my fear. Overcome it and I will be able to achieve my goals.
【解題導語】　本文主要講述了作者通過一次演講克服了自己的恐懼心理，增強了自信。
1．terribly　解析：考查副詞。修飾形容詞一般用副詞，故用副詞terribly修飾形容詞shy，在句中作狀語。
2．to prepare　解析：考查非謂語動詞。have no choice but to do sth.為固定用法，意為“除了做某事，別無選擇”，符合語境，故此處用不定式形式。
3．which　解析：考查關系詞。分析句子結構可知，空處引導非限制性定語從句，并在從句中作主語，指代“to draft the speech”，故填which。
4．lay　解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)上文中的“was”可知，文中描述的事情發(fā)生在過去，故此處用動詞的過去式，故填lay。
5．was forbidden　解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。forbid和句子的形式主語it之間是被動關系，且事情發(fā)生在過去，故用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。
6．trembling　解析：考查with復合結構。“with＋賓語(名詞或代詞)＋賓補”為獨立主格結構。此處my legs和tremble構成邏輯上的主謂關系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。
7．myself　解析：考查代詞。根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示“我發(fā)現(xiàn)我自己恢復原狀”，應為“found myself back”，故填反身代詞myself。
8．what　解析：考查連詞。分析句子結構可知，空處引導賓語從句，在從句中作主語，表示“……的東西”，故用what引導該賓語從句。
9．confidence　解析：考查詞性轉換。由空前的形容詞性物主代詞my可知，此處用名詞形式，故填confidence。
10．greatest　解析：考查形容詞最高級。根據(jù)語境和空前的定冠詞the以及空后的名詞difficulty可知，此處應用形容詞的最高級形式，故填greatest。
寫作規(guī)范練(一)
(建議用時：45分鐘)
Ⅰ.應用文寫作
(2020·麗水高三質(zhì)檢)假定你是李華，你的美國朋友Peter正在你們學校參加為期兩周的交流項目。請你給他寫封郵件邀請他一起去郊游，欣賞中國的美麗鄉(xiāng)村。內(nèi)容包括：
1.時間和地點；
2．特色鄉(xiāng)村文化體驗(如賞美景、看演出、品美食等)。
注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；
2．可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Dear Peter，
①Knowing you will stay in China for two weeks during the exchange program with our school, I’m very delighted to invite you to go for an outing to enjoy the splendid scenery of the countryside around.
Let’s meet at the gate of our school at 9：00 am on Sunday. Then we are ready to go by bus.②Imagine how exciting it is when you arrive at the destination with unique culture waiting for you to explore, such as wonderful views, special shows, delicious food and so on.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
【一句多譯】
①表達方式一：When I know that you will stay in China for two weeks during the exchange program with our school, I’m more than glad to invite you to go for an outing to enjoy the splendid scenery of the countryside around.
表達方式二：Since there are two weeks for you to stay in China due to the exchange program with our school, I’m very pleased to invite you to go for an outing to enjoy the splendid scenery of the countryside around.
②表達方式一：When you know there are a variety of great things waiting for you to experience, such as wonderful views, special shows, delicious food, to name but a few, you are sure to be more than excited.
表達方式二：With a variety of great things waiting for you to experience, such as wonderful views, special shows, delicious food, to name but a few, you are sure to be more than excited.
Ⅱ.讀后續(xù)寫
閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進行續(xù)寫，使之構成一個完整的故事。
Sometimes love is more powerful than doctors,__and my dad proved that.
Many years ago, my__dad,__an artist, suffered from heart disease. He was unable to work for a long time. He would be fine for a while, but would then fall suddenly ill and have to be admitted to the hospital. However, he still wanted to do something to keep himself busy, so he decided to volunteer at__the__local__children’s__hospital. My dad loved kids. It was the perfect job for him. He ended up working with the seriously ill children. He would talk, play, and do arts with them.
One of his kids was a__girl with a rare disease that paralyzed(癱瘓)her from the neck down. She couldn’t walk. She couldn’t do anything. She was very sad. My dad decided to try to help her. He started visiting her in her room,__bringing paints, brushes and paper. He stood the paper up, put the paintbrush in his mouth and began to paint pictures. He didn’t use his hands at all. All the while he would tell her, “See, with more practice,__you can work wonders(創(chuàng)造奇跡), too.”
At__the__end__of the day, she began to paint using her mouth, and she and my dad became friends. Soon after, the little girl was sent home because the doctors felt there was nothing else they could do to save her. My dad also left the children’s hospital for a little while because he became ill.
注意：1.所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)應為150左右；
2．至少使用5個短文中標有下劃線的關鍵詞語；
3．續(xù)寫部分分為兩段，每段的開頭語已為你寫好；
4．續(xù)寫完成后，請用下劃線標出你所使用的關鍵詞語。
Paragraph 1：
Three years later, my dad had completely covered and decided to do volunteering again. ________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2：
In the next hour, the girl told my dad how she became healthy again. _______________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Paragraph 1：
Three years later, my dad had completely covered and decided to do volunteering again. One day he returned to that local children’s hospital and went to the room where the sick girl used to stay. Of course, the girl wasn’t there. He felt sad, thinking he would never see her again. Suddenly, the door opened and in walked a__girl. It was the girl he had missed so much！She walked straight over to my__dad and hugged him tightly. She gave him a picture she had painted with her hands.
Paragraph 2：
In the next hour, the girl told my dad how she became healthy again. She said she never thought she could walk one day. It was my dad’s love and encouragement that helped her work wonders. She learned to face her difficulty bravely and kept on practicing walking and painting every day. “Without your love and help, I could never walk again，” said the girl thankfully. Now, you see, love can really be more powerful than doctors at times.