高考頻度：★★★★★

閱讀理解七選五要求從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中（均為完整的句子）選出五個(gè)能填入文章空處的最佳選項(xiàng)，主要考查考生對(duì)文章的整體內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)以及上下文邏輯意義的理解和掌握。其命題形式深受英語四六級(jí)和考研閱讀多項(xiàng)選擇題的影響，體現(xiàn)了《新課標(biāo)》＂用英語獲取、處理和運(yùn)用信息的能力；逐步獲取用英語思維的能力。＂的閱讀學(xué)習(xí)和教學(xué)理念。該題型命題形式仍然具有客觀題的特點(diǎn)，又與完形填空具有異曲同工之妙，只是選項(xiàng)少，以句子形式出現(xiàn)，考查目的和側(cè)重點(diǎn)不完全相同而已。
從《考試說明》對(duì)該題型命題目的的表述＂主要考查考生對(duì)文章的整體內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)以及上下文邏輯意義的理解和掌握。＂可以得出以下判斷：該題備選項(xiàng)可分為主旨概括句（文章整體內(nèi)容）、過渡性句子（文章結(jié)構(gòu)）和注釋性句子（上下文邏輯意義）三類。其多余的兩個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)也往往從這三方面進(jìn)行設(shè)置，例如主旨概括句或過于寬泛或以偏概全或偏離主題，過渡性句子不能反映文章的行文結(jié)構(gòu)，注釋性句子與上文脫節(jié)等。
文章體裁以說明文為主，語篇模式較為固定：提出問題——提供解決方案。文章題材較為固定：與學(xué)生的日常生活學(xué)習(xí)緊密相關(guān)。
【題型分析】
分析篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，把握全篇文脈是閱讀填空題解題的關(guān)鍵，英語的語篇（discourse）通常是由句子和語段（sentence group）構(gòu)成的，語段是句子和語篇之間的中間層次，句子雖然能夠單獨(dú)地表達(dá)相對(duì)完整的思想，但是它不能表達(dá)多方面的、比較復(fù)雜的思想，只有把幾個(gè)句子結(jié)合為較大的言語片段，才能表達(dá)一個(gè)相對(duì)獨(dú)立的層意，所謂的＂積句而成章，積章而成篇。＂就是這個(gè)道理。
分析文章的層次包含兩種形式：一種是分析整篇文章的層次，也就是段落，另一種是分析每一個(gè)段落內(nèi)部的層次，也就是語篇層次。
語篇與段落是有區(qū)別的，語段是篇章結(jié)構(gòu)的中間層次，是由句子到篇的一種過渡形式，段落（paragraph）是在某些語體（如記敘文、議論文）中比語段更大的意義單位，較小的段落可以只包括一個(gè)語段或一個(gè)句子，一般來說，一個(gè)段落通常由幾個(gè)語段構(gòu)成。構(gòu)成語段的方式有兩種，一是靠句際間意義的結(jié)合，二是靠句際間的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，邏輯性插入語來連接，在分析語段層次時(shí)，可以借助句際間的連接詞語作出判斷，但最主要的還是要真正體會(huì)句際間的意義關(guān)系，把握作者的思路，從語序上去發(fā)現(xiàn)斷續(xù)點(diǎn)，理清層次，好文章的層次非常清晰，只有層層入手，才能真正理解文章。
【解題步驟】
解題步驟1
在高考的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)如果考生用大量的時(shí)間來徹底讀懂文章的意思其實(shí)是不現(xiàn)實(shí)的，也是沒有必要的，我們可以嘗試以下四步走。
1. 先讀文章的開始部分，明確文章的基本話題，然后仔細(xì)閱讀五個(gè)空各自的前后句尋找并畫出關(guān)鍵詞。
【巧學(xué)妙記】
（一名(名詞)袋（代詞）鼠（數(shù)次）很特殊（特殊疑問詞），連（連詞）蹦（動(dòng)詞）帶跳很彪（標(biāo)點(diǎn)/標(biāo)題）悍。）
2.要對(duì)文章中出現(xiàn)的銜接手段保持敏感度。銜接手段分為三種：詞匯銜接、邏輯銜接、結(jié)構(gòu)銜接?？砂催@幾個(gè)原則判斷原文的空與選項(xiàng)是否匹配。
3.一旦確定一個(gè)選項(xiàng)，就要在該選項(xiàng)上做出標(biāo)記（例如可以刪掉），以避免干擾和分散注意力。
4.將選項(xiàng)代入到文章中重讀，依據(jù)行文邏輯，再次確定選項(xiàng)。
答題技巧
細(xì)節(jié)類題型解題技巧(詞匯的銜接或邏輯的銜接)
1.詞匯的銜接包括：
（1)詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)
復(fù)現(xiàn)，是保證文章前后銜接而經(jīng)常使用的一種寫作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置對(duì)同一個(gè)概念進(jìn)行重復(fù)描述。
復(fù)現(xiàn)關(guān)系，主要是指原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)等。
（2)同范疇詞出現(xiàn)
同范疇詞是指跟此詞匯相關(guān)或同一領(lǐng)域的詞匯在文章中共同出現(xiàn)，達(dá)到語義銜接的目的。你可以在選項(xiàng)中找到與此詞匯最接近的詞，從而達(dá)到快而準(zhǔn)。一般來說，上下文中詞匯聯(lián)系越接近，上下文的銜接關(guān)系越緊密。
(3)代詞線索
英語表達(dá)中代詞出現(xiàn)的頻率極高，代詞的作用無非是指代前面提及的名詞或形容詞概念，巧妙利用這樣的指代關(guān)系和根據(jù)代詞的單復(fù)數(shù)差異可以準(zhǔn)確而快速地解題。例如it可指代單數(shù)名詞或整個(gè)句子；they或them指代復(fù)數(shù)名詞；one指代單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞；that指代不可數(shù)名詞或句子；this指代單數(shù)名詞或句子;these 或those指代前句的復(fù)數(shù)名詞。
2.邏輯關(guān)系的銜接
過渡性句子可以從細(xì)節(jié)邏輯上判斷可分為：
A, 并列關(guān)系：First(ly),Second(ly),...；First, then/next,...；In the first place， in the second place...;for one thing, for another thing ,...；then /next ,finally/last 等。
B, 遞進(jìn)關(guān)系：too ,also, besides, further ,furthermore ,moreover ,what’s more , in addition ,as well , to make matters worse ,not ...but... ,not only ...but also等。
C, 解釋例證關(guān)系：for example ,for instance ,in fact/as a matter of fact ,actually ,in other words /that is to say 等
D, 因果關(guān)系： so /therefore ,thus ,consequently(結(jié)果） ,as a result (of), so/ such ...that ..., so that ...等
E, 轉(zhuǎn)折對(duì)比關(guān)系：but, however , yet ,while /though ,or /otherwise ,on the contrary ,instead, nevertheless（然而）, still ,yet, on the contrary ,in contrast / comparison 等
F, 概況歸納關(guān)系：in short , in brief , in summary ,generally speaking ,in general , to conclude ,in conclusion, in a word ,on the whole , to sum up 等。
3.篇章結(jié)構(gòu)類題解題技巧
根據(jù)試題所在位置確定不同的解題策略
{1)如果問題在段首
通常是段落主題句。認(rèn)真閱讀后文內(nèi)容，根據(jù)段落一致性原則，查找同義詞或其他相關(guān)的詞，推斷出主題句。關(guān)注每段首尾句，了解大意知主題。
（2)如果問題在段尾
通常是結(jié)論、概括性語句。注意在選項(xiàng)中查找表示結(jié)果、結(jié)論、總結(jié)等的信號(hào)詞，如therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word等詞語，選項(xiàng)中也可發(fā)現(xiàn)前文的同義詞句。
備考策略：
? 注重實(shí)效。閱讀時(shí)不僅要注意文章的細(xì)節(jié)，更應(yīng)該注意文章的布局。
? 注意命題陷阱。切忌當(dāng)同樣的詞，同樣的名字或同樣的日期都在語文或節(jié)選段落中出現(xiàn)，就認(rèn)為它們是正確的選項(xiàng)，一定要符合邏輯，確保文章內(nèi)容嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)。
? 注重速度。進(jìn)行限時(shí)訓(xùn)練，培養(yǎng)實(shí)戰(zhàn)觀念，不可拖沓。
? 將近幾年高考題進(jìn)行分析，重點(diǎn)分析結(jié)構(gòu)清晰分明的說明文和議論文。
【解題步驟2】
（1）在閱讀過程中，重要要關(guān)注文章的首段與末段。尤其是文章的這兩段的末尾句，因?yàn)椋㈤_門見山＂與＂末尾點(diǎn)題＂的寫作方式是最為常見的，首段的末句一般是全文的主題所在，說明本文將探討哪些內(nèi)容，并簡(jiǎn)要指出文章的寫作思路，有時(shí)甚至?xí)蕴峋V的形式進(jìn)行呈現(xiàn)。首段的末句對(duì)于快速掌握文章的主題具有重要意義，如果它是文章的主題句，就可以使讀者迅速明確文章情節(jié)將如何展開，并對(duì)文章的寫作主題有了整體的了解。如果末句不是主題句，則需要繼續(xù)尋找。這時(shí)，可以考慮文章的寫作方式是否為＂結(jié)尾總結(jié)＂式，如兩者均可排除，則需在文章中其他段落尋找主題句，但要注意首段與末段的提示作用。
（2）做題的時(shí)候邊讀邊做。各個(gè)問題附近的句子都需要重點(diǎn)閱讀，圈畫一些線索粗，再?gòu)倪x項(xiàng)中尋找相關(guān)的特征詞用來判斷正確答案。帶入排除法也是一種很好的方法。另外，如果發(fā)現(xiàn)有一題拿不準(zhǔn)的，先跳過，先做容易的能做出的題，直到讀完整篇文章。至此，文章的要點(diǎn)和主旨、各個(gè)段落之間的邏輯關(guān)系應(yīng)該基本就能清楚了。然后再回過去做之前不確定的題目。
（3）做完后，通讀全文。將所選項(xiàng)放入空白處，通讀一遍，看看是否與上下文構(gòu)成語義及邏輯上的直接關(guān)系，是否符合該處語境。能否承接前后的寫作線索。使文章無論內(nèi)容還是銜接上都能做到通順。若代入選項(xiàng)后，發(fā)現(xiàn)文章寫作線索中斷或是前后矛盾，應(yīng)更換其它選項(xiàng)。同時(shí)，我們還應(yīng)注意對(duì)相近選項(xiàng)的對(duì)比分析，個(gè)別干擾項(xiàng)由于與某個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容相近具有很強(qiáng)的干擾性，這時(shí)就需要我們認(rèn)真分析，仔細(xì)甄別，排除干擾，從而得出正確選項(xiàng)。
（4）切勿隨意改答案。要特別注意的是，不要倉促的改自己的之前選定的答案。做這類的題目時(shí)，第一印象的可信度還是很高的，除非你已經(jīng)常有充分的理由否定向前的選擇。
【解題策略】
（1）從意思上判斷 在做題時(shí)最重要的是要讀懂空白前后的句子，正確理解了這些句子后，根據(jù)意思的連貫性、邏輯性或者線索詞從選項(xiàng)中選取正確答案。在讀懂意思的基礎(chǔ)上，再利用線索特征詞等進(jìn)一步確認(rèn)答案。
（2）從詞匯上鎖定線索 做保持對(duì)一些線索詞的敏感是非常重要的，要好好關(guān)注空白前后的名詞和動(dòng)詞，然后在選項(xiàng)中查找它們的近義詞、反義詞、同義詞、同類詞等。其次是一些專有名詞，比如說數(shù)詞、代詞、時(shí)間、年代、地點(diǎn)/名稱等。尤其是在讀不懂句子的情況下，利用這樣的線索詞尋找答案是很有效的方法。（3）從關(guān)聯(lián)詞作為切入點(diǎn) 通常，英語的句段之間經(jīng)常會(huì)運(yùn)用關(guān)聯(lián)詞表示過渡和銜接，讓文章的思路與更清楚、邏輯更連貫，因此文章中和選項(xiàng)中表示各種邏輯關(guān)系的路標(biāo)性信號(hào)詞在選擇答案時(shí)都是很重要的線索。在做題時(shí)可將這三個(gè)層面的線索很好地結(jié)合起來。例如，在看到表示并列或遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞時(shí)，一般表示前后句子的名詞或句意具有同指性;而表示轉(zhuǎn)折讓步關(guān)系的詞則往往表示前后句子的名詞同指，但句意對(duì)立，或褒貶對(duì)立或肯否對(duì)立;而表示例證關(guān)系的詞則意味著在舉例之前或之后有表述概念或某一觀點(diǎn)的句子，往往會(huì)有復(fù)數(shù)名詞出現(xiàn)。以下四類為常用的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，請(qǐng)大家一定要背熟：
　?。╥）并列與遞進(jìn)：and, or, also，neither… nor…, either…or…,likewise, similarly, equally, in the same way, that is to say ,as well as, the same ?as, besides, additionally, furthermore, moreover, in addition to ,what is more
　?。╥i）因果：because, for, since, as, thus, hence, therefore, so, so…that, consequently, accordingly, due to, thanks to, as a result, because of, in that, for this reason, of course
　?。╥ii）轉(zhuǎn)折讓步：but, however, yet, on the contrary, by contrast, on the other hand, unfortunately, while, whereas, unlike, rather than, instead of, it is true that, of course, although, though, even though, even if, nevertheless, despite, in spite of
??????? （ii）時(shí)間順序：afterwards, at first, at last, finally, first, firstly, in the first place, to start with，in the meantime, last, later, next, second, secondly, then, third, thirdly, to begin with以及一些具體的時(shí)間。
5. 試題的位置不同，解題策略也不同
（1）若問題在段首 （i）通常是段落主題句。認(rèn)真閱讀該段落，根據(jù)段落一致性原則，查找相關(guān)詞或者同義詞，從而推測(cè)出主題句，找到答案。 （ii）與后文是并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、因果關(guān)系等。著重閱讀后文第一兩句，鎖定線索信號(hào)詞，然后在選項(xiàng)中查找 相關(guān)特征詞。一般來說正確答案與它后面的一句話的在意思上是銜接的，所以通常情況下，這兩句話中會(huì) 有某種的銜接手段。 （iii）段落間的過渡句。這時(shí)要前瞻后望找啟示，即閱讀上一段結(jié)尾部分，通常正確答案與上一段結(jié)尾有機(jī)地銜接起來，并結(jié)合下一段內(nèi)容，看所選的答案是否將兩段內(nèi)容連貫起來。
（2）若問題在段尾 （i）空白前的一句或兩句是重點(diǎn)語句，重點(diǎn)閱讀以鎖定關(guān)鍵詞。 （ii）通常是結(jié)論、概括性語句。要注意表示總結(jié)的信號(hào)詞，如therefore, as a result, hence, thus, to sum up, to conclude, in short, in a word等詞語，選項(xiàng)中也可發(fā)現(xiàn)前文的同義詞句。 （iii）與前文是轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ汝P(guān)系。此時(shí)要注意在選項(xiàng)中查找表示轉(zhuǎn)折、對(duì)比的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，同時(shí)注意選項(xiàng)中所 講內(nèi)容是否與前文在同一主題上形成對(duì)立、對(duì)比關(guān)系。 （vi）與前文是并列或排比關(guān)系。在這種情況下，通常是該段落要求補(bǔ)全說明本段主題的其他細(xì)節(jié)，因此 根據(jù)段落一致性原則，在原文和選項(xiàng)中找到相關(guān)的特征詞，通常在選項(xiàng)中會(huì)出現(xiàn)表示并列/遞進(jìn)關(guān)系 的關(guān)聯(lián)詞或與前文類似的句式結(jié)構(gòu)，或出現(xiàn)同義詞等其他信號(hào)線索。前面的一句與正確答案的第一 句是緊密相連的。要特別注意閱讀這樣相連的兩句，通常會(huì)找到關(guān)鍵的線索詞句。（i）所選答案是引出下一段的內(nèi)容。如果在選項(xiàng)中找不出與前文之間的關(guān)聯(lián)，此時(shí)可考慮與下一段開頭 是否有一定的銜接。認(rèn)真閱讀下一段開頭幾句，看是否與選項(xiàng)的最后一句緊密連接起來。（iv）如果第一段的段尾是空白，要認(rèn)真閱讀，看此處是細(xì)節(jié)還是主題。通常文章第一段要提出文章的主 題，如果在段尾提出主題，會(huì)用一些信號(hào)詞如轉(zhuǎn)折詞引出來，正確答案中應(yīng)有這樣的特征詞。
（3）若問題是一整個(gè)自然段 （i）承上啟下是這個(gè)段落的主要任務(wù)，且自成一體，所以會(huì)有一個(gè)該段落主旨?？忌梢詮倪x項(xiàng)中較長(zhǎng)的選項(xiàng)開始閱讀，以此類推直至找到正確答案。 （ii）著重閱讀前一段結(jié)尾和后一段開頭的一兩句查找相關(guān)的線索，而且重要線索通常會(huì)在后一段開頭， 因此后一段開頭往往比前一段結(jié)尾更為重要。 （iii）分析段落之間的邏輯關(guān)系及內(nèi)容的連貫性，注意段落間的銜接手段。將選項(xiàng)代入原文，如果前后內(nèi)容連貫，符合邏輯，就能得出正確答案。
簡(jiǎn)單來說，最主要的兩個(gè)步驟就是1.理清文章的邏輯和結(jié)構(gòu)，2.在所給的原文中找出關(guān)鍵詞或者說是線索詞。文章的整體思路能幫助你在答案中篩選出符合邏輯的選項(xiàng)，關(guān)鍵詞則能幫助你確定更多的細(xì)節(jié)，排除相近的選項(xiàng)。
【總結(jié)】
主旨大意把握好，讀懂選項(xiàng)更重要
關(guān)鍵信息相匹配，核查排除不可少
經(jīng)驗(yàn)一：前瞻后顧，尋找＂信號(hào)詞＂，回到選擇項(xiàng)中篩選。復(fù)現(xiàn)
經(jīng)驗(yàn)二：濃縮句意，意義匹配，整體把握。同意
經(jīng)驗(yàn)三：以段落為單位梳理文章脈絡(luò),留意文章的起承轉(zhuǎn)合,邏輯及結(jié)構(gòu)
經(jīng)驗(yàn)四：＂7選5＂句子選擇題正確選擇項(xiàng)排列有一條不成文規(guī)律：選擇項(xiàng)呈＂鋸齒＂順序排列，按照人們習(xí)慣，看了A就接著看B，接著看C，依此到G，而我們一般做題的正確答案都是＂參差不齊，錯(cuò)落有致＂的,
看了D之后不看E卻看A，看E，看了E之后不看 F而看C。這可能是出題者為了干擾我們常規(guī)思維而設(shè)置的障礙，因此如果考試時(shí)間允許，我們可以拿這個(gè)來初步檢驗(yàn)我們最后的答案是否＂正確＂。
這些技巧多練練就能孰能生巧。同學(xué)們學(xué)會(huì)了嗎? 最后祝大家都能在今年的高考中取得好成績(jī)!


題組一（2019年高考真題）
Passage1(2019·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷I)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?
We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air.” ____36____ According to recent studies，the answer is a big YES，if the air quality in your camping area is good.
___37___ If the air you’re breathing is clean-which it would be if you’re away from the smog of cities-then the air is filled with life-giving，energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors，your body will learn to breathe more deeply，allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles(肌肉)and your brain.
Recently，people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing(治愈). _____38_____ In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green，growing things can reduce stress，lower blood pressure，and put people into a better mood(情緒).Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients Who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. ______39______ It gives us a great feeling of peace.
___40___While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, they also give is beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin— put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day's worth of Vitamin D.
A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.
B. So what are you waiting for?
C. Being in nature refreshes us.
D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.
E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?
F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate air with health care.
G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
Passage2(2019·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷II)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question:“Should I jump? This is what motivation or the lack of it can do. Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of same coin. ___36___Like the child on the diving board, you will stay undecided.
___37___ More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? First, you need to evaluate yourself , your values your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires ,etc. Only then should your you’re your goals
You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is directly related to your commitment. There are times when your heart is not in your work. ___38___ So, slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment. Clarity(清晰)of thoughts can help you move forward.
Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible.____39____ They also need to be measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.
Your personal circumstances are equally important. For example, you may want to be a Pilot but can’t become one because your eyesight is not good enough.____40____You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal.
You will surely need to overcome some difficulties, some planned, but most unplanned. You cannot overcome them without ample motivation. Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals.
A. This can affect your work.
B. So how should you motivate yourself?
C. However, this should not discourage you.
D. So why should we try to set specific goals?
E. They can change according to circumstances.
F. Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.
G. Without motivation you can neither set a goal nor reach it
Passage3(2019·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷III)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important. ___36___ While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise. Students should be able to extend the logic(邏輯)of each to their particular circumstance.
Do's
? ___37___ Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus(教學(xué)大綱)and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn't hiding in plain sight.
? Participate in discussion forums(論壇), blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue. ___38___ Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information. Make a point, and make it safe for others to do the same.
Don'ts
? Don't share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. ___39___
? Don't openly express annoyance at a professor or class. ___40___ When a student attacks a professor on the social media, the language used actually says more about the student. If there is truly a concern about a professor's professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments.
A. That's what they are for.
B. Turn to an online instructor for help.
C. If more information is needed, they will ask.
D. Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.
E. Below are some common do's and don' ts for online learners.
F. Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.
G. Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.
Passage4(2019·北京卷)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Much of the work in today’s world is accomplished(完成)in teams. Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals._____46_____Companies spend millions hiring top business people. Is their money well spent？
___47___They focused on football，basketball and baseball. The results are mixed For football and basketball，adding talented players to a team proves a good method，but only up to the point where 70% of the players are top talent；above that level, the team’s performance begins to decline. Interestingly，this trend isn’t evident in baseball. where additional individual talent keeps improving the team’s performance.
To explain this phenomenon，the researchers explored the degree to which a good performance by a team requires its members to coordinate(協(xié)調(diào))their actions.______48______In baseball，the performance of individual players is less dependent on teammates. They conclude that when task interdependence is high，team performance will suffer when there is too much talent，while individual talent will have positive effects on team performance when task interdependence is lower. If a basketball star is. for example，trying to gain a high personal point total，he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate，affecting the team's performance. Young children learning to play team sports are often told，“There is no I in TEAM.”___49___
Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on a team，some players may make less effort. Just as in a game of tug-of-war(拔河比賽)，whenever a person is added，everyone else pulls the rope with less force.
___50___.An A-team may require a balance-not just A players，but a few generous B players as well.
A. It's not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent.
B. Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talent
C. The group interaction and its effect drew the researchers' attention.
D. Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship.
E. Several recent studies examined the role of talent in the sports world.
F. Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent.
G. This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball.
題組二（2018年高考真題）
Passage1(2018·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷I)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Color is fundamental in home design – something you’ll always have in every room. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you’ll love to live in. Do you want a room that’s full of life? Professional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day? 36 , color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.
Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point. 37 , they can get a little complex. But good news is that there’re really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones.
38 . They’re the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable.
Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves. 39 . They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.
The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors. Whether you’re looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant. 40 .
A. While all of them are useful
B. Whatever you’re looking for
C. If you’re experimenting with a color
D. Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar with
E. It’s not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces
F. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time
G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways
Passage2(2018·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷II )
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed! With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and find the time to work out. ___36___ Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit.
Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day.___37___
Your metabolism(新陳代謝) gets a head start. ___38___ If you work out in the mornings, then you will be getting the calorie(卡路里)burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep.
___39___ Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited.
___40___ If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food? You will want to continue to focus on positive choices.
There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings. Set your alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out! You will feel energized all day long.
A. You will stick to your diet.
B. Your quality of sleep improves.
C. You prefer healthy food to fast food.
D. There is no reason you should exercise in the morning.
E. You can keep your head clear for 4-10 hours after exercise.
F. After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.
G. If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or you’re doing it now, then listen up!
Passage3(2018·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷III )
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Before there was the written word, there was the language of dance. Dance expresses love and hate, joy and sorrow ,life and death, and everything else in between.
___36___We dance from Florida to Alaska, from north to south and sea to sea. We dance at weddings, birthdays , office parties and just to fill the time.
“I adore dancing,” says Lester Bridges, the owner of a dance studio in Iowa. “I can't imagine doing anything else with my life." Bridges runs dance classes for all ages. "Teaching dance is wonderful. ____37____It's great to watch them. For many of them, it's a way of meeting people and having a social life."
___38___"I can tell you about one young couple," says Bridges. “They're learning to do traditional dances. They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile. _____39_____”
So, do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better, calmer, healthier? Andrea Hillier says,“Dance, like the pattern of a beating heart, is life. Even after all these years, I want to get better and better.____40____ I find it hard to stop! Dancing reminds me I'm alive."
A. So why do we dance?
B. Dance in the U.S.is everywhere.
C. If you like dancing outdoors, come to America.
D. My older students say it makes them feel young.
E. I keep practicing even When I'm extremely tired.
F. Dancing seems to change their feeling completely.
G. They stayed up all night long singing and dancing.
Passage4(2018·浙江卷)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Moving into a new home in a new neighborhood is an exciting experience. Of course, you want to make sure that you become an acceptable and valuable part of your neighborhood . the easiest way to accomplish this is to make sure you conduct yourself as a good neighbor should. ___31_____
Perhaps one of the most important things you can do as a good neighbor is to keep your property(房產(chǎn)) neat, clean, and in good repair. _____32_ __ By choosing to keep the outside of the home in great shape, you will help to improve the look and feel of the area.
Second, take the overall appearance of the neighborhood seriously. When going for a walk，take a small garbage bag. ____33_____ This small act will let your neighbors know that you care about the area.
_____34____ If a neighbor is going to be out of town, offer to collect mail and newspapers. If a neighbor suffers an illness, offer to do the grocery shopping . Let them know you are there to help in any way that is acceptable, while still respecting the privacy of your neighbor.
_____35__ _ By following the basic rules of respecting others, taking care of what belongs to you, and taking pride in the appearance of the neighborhood in general, you will quickly become a good neighbor that everyone appreciate.
A. In general, keep an eye on their property while they are gone.
B.A good neighbor is also one who likes to help out in small ways.
C. Being a good neighbor is more or less about considerate behavior.
D. Sometimes neighbors may go to the supermarket together to do shopping.
E. Should you come across waste paper thrown out of a passing car, pick it up.
F. People tend to take pride in keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting.
G. Here are a few tips to help you win over everyone in the neighborhood quickly
題組三（2017年高考真題）
Passage1(2017·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷I)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping, I would have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insect bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me. 36
The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer. 37 We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor’s bill for my son’s food poisoning.
I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness. 38 Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life.
39 We have done a lot of it since. Recently, we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.
40 It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.
A. This?time?there?was?no?tent.
B. Things?are?going?to?be?improved.
C. The?trip?they?took?me?on?was?a?rough?one.
D. I?was?to?learn?a?lot?about?camping?since?then,?however.
E. I?must?say?that?I?have?certainly?come?to?enjoy?camping.
F. After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.
G. There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.
Passage2(2017·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷II )
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with while you’re trying to get work done. 36 ,there are several ways to handle things. Let’s take a look at them now.
37 .Tell the person you’re sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the two of you can talk at a different time.
When people try to interrupt you, have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or that you’ll find them then. 38 .It can help to eliminate(消除) future interruptions.
When you need to someone, don’t do it in your own office. 39 , it’s much easier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are
If you have a door to your office, make good use of it. 40 . If someone knocks and it’s not an important matter. Excuse yourself and let the person know you’re busy so they can get the hint(暗示) than when the door is closed, you’re not to be disturbed.
A. If you’re busy, don’t feel bad about saying no
B. When you want to avoid interruptions at work
C. Set boundaries for yourself as your time goes
D. If you’re in the other person’s office or in a public area
E. It’s important that you let them know when you’ll be available
F. It might seem unkind to cut people shirt when they interrupt you
G. Leave it open when you’re available to talk and close it when you’re not
Passage3(2017·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷III )
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning, and put the blame on the alarm clock. In fact, the key to easy morning wake-up lies in resting your body clock. 36 Here’s how to make one.
● 37 In order to make a change, you need to decide why it’s important. Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just be better prepared for your day? Once you are clear about your reasons, tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make.
● Rethink mornings. Now that you know why you want to wake up, consider re-arranging your morning activities. If you want time to have breakfast with your family, save some time the night before by setting out clothes, shoes, and bags. 38 That’s a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a timer.
● Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends. If you’re tired out by Friday night, sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful. But compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week, a recent study found. 39
● Keep a record and evaluate it weekly. Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel. After you’ve tried a new method for a week, take a look at your record. 40 If not, take another look at other methods you could try.
A. Get a sleep specialist.
B. Find the right motivation.
C. A better plan for sleep can help.
D. And consider setting a second alarm.
E. If the steps you take are working, keep it up.
F. Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day.
G. Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the cafe to get coffee.
Passage4(2017·浙江卷)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
How to Do Man-on-the-Street Interviews
The man-on-the-street interview is an interview in which a reporter hits the streets with a cameraman to interview people on the spot. 31 But with these tips, your first man-on-the-street interview experience can be easy.
●When your boss or professor sends you out to do man-on-the-street interviews for a story, think about the topic and develop a list of about ten general questions relating to it. For example, if your topic is about environmental problems in America, you might ask, ＂Why do you think environmental protection is important in America?＂ 32
●Hit the streets with confidence. 33 Say, ＂Excuse me, I work for XYZ News, and I was wondering if you could share your opinion about this topic.＂ This is a quick way to get people to warm up to you.
●Move on to the next person if someone tells you she is not interested in talking on camera. Don’t get discouraged.
● 34 Each interview that you get on the street shouldn’t be longer than ten minutes. As soon as you get the answer you need, move on to the next person. Make sure that as you go from interview to interview, you are getting a variety of answers. If everyone is giving you the same answer, you won’t be able to use it. A safe number of interviews to conduct is about six to ten. 35
●If your news station or school requires interviewees to sign release forms to appear on the air, don’t leave work without them.
A. Limit your time.
B. As you approach people, be polite.
C. If you don’t own a camera, you can buy one.
D. For new reporters, this can seem like a challenging task.
E. To get good and useful results, ask them the same question.
F. That number of interviews should give you all the answers you need.
G. With a question like this, you will get more than a ＂Yes＂ or ＂No＂ reply.

題組四（2017年名校模擬題）
Passage 1(甘肅靜寧縣第一中學(xué)2019屆高三模擬)
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
While your teen may get OK by waiting until the last possible second to complete his high school science experiment or his math project, procrastination (拖延癥) can be a big problem later in life. Your teen’s future boss or college professors aren’t likely to accept late work-- or the excuses that accompany delayed projects. 1 That means managing his time wisely without requiring constant reminders of assistance from you to get his work done. Here are some steps you can take to teach your teen essential time management skills:
2 If you’re always running late or you miss a lot of deadlines, your teen will follow suit. Practice managing your own time wisely and show your teen that you can accomplish the most important tasks in any given day.
Encourage your teen to write down his schedule. Your teen’s time may easily get taken up with video games or social media if he's not careful. Teach him to schedule his day so he can set aside time for chores, homework, and other responsibilities. 3 Then, time doesn’t idly pass without feeling like he hasn’t done anything fun.
Help your teen prioritize( 劃分優(yōu)先順序) activities. 4 A basketball game and birthday party may coincide. Talk to your teen about how to prioritize activities, based on his values and commitments.
Avoid nagging (嘮叨). It can be annoying to nag your teen or offer repeat reminders, 5 Set rules about your expectations and follow through with consequences when necessary. Then, your teen will learn to manage his time better in the future.
A. Model good time management habits.
B. Encourage him to schedule free time as well.
C. Encourage your teen to establish healthy habit.
D. it’s common for teens to have conflicts in their schedules
E. It’s important to teach your teen how to behave responsibly.
F. As a result, many of them have to learn how to manage their time repeatedly.
G. and telling your teen to do his work over and over again reduces his responsibility.
Passage 2(河南省中原名校2019屆高三第一次質(zhì)量考評(píng))
The world itself is becoming much smaller by using modem traffic and modern communication means. Life today is much easier than it was hundreds of years ago, but it has brought new problems. 1 Pollution means making things dirty. It comes in many ways. We see it，smell it, drink it and even hear it Man has been polluting the earth. 2 Many years ago, the problem was not s。serious because there were not so many people. When the land was used up or the river was dirty in one place, Man moved to another place. But this is no longer true. Manis now slowly polluting the whole world. 3 It's bad for all living things in the world, but it is not the only one kind of pollution. Water pollution kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us angry more easily 4 They stop people from burning coal in houses and factories in the city and from putting dirty smoke into the air. The earth is our home. We must take care of it 5 And we must take care of the rise in population at the same time
A. The more people, the more pollution
B One of the biggest is pollution
C. Air pollution is still the most serious
D. Many countries are making rules to fight pollution.
E That means keeping the land, water and air clean.
F I hope scientists can find ways to solve the serious problem
G Strange diseases have appeared jn some places because of pollution
Passage 3(山東省淄博市2019屆高三部分學(xué)校5月階段性診斷（二模)考試 )
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng).選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Living to the ripe old age of 90 may depend on your body size—both height and weight—as well as your level of physical activity，and geeing to influence a woman’s lifespan more than it does a man’s.
The study found women who lived to 90 were，on average，taller and had put on less weight since the age of 20 as compared to women who were shorter and heavier.1. However，men saw more benefit from physical activity than women.
In 1986 researchers asked over 7,000 Norwegian men and women between age 55 and 69 about their height，current weight，and weight at age 20.Both genders also told researchers about their current physical activities.2. The men and women were then sorted into daily activity quotas：less than 30 minutes，30 to 60 minutes，and 90 minutes or more.
Men and women in the study fared very differently when it came to the impact of body size and exercise.
Women who weighed less at age 20 and put on less weight as they aged were more likely to live longer than heavier women.3. The study found women who were taller than 5 feet 9 inches were 31％more likely to live into their 90s than women who were less than 5 feet 3 inches.
4. Men who spent 90 minutes a day or more being active were 39％more likely to live to 90 than men who were physically active for less than 30 minutes.
However，women who were physically active for more than 60 minutes a day were only 21％more likely to live to 90 than those who did 30 minutes or less.And unlike men，there was no bonus for increasing activity.5.
A. Height played a major factor.
B. No such association was seen for men.
C. The study was observational and couldn’t establish cause.
D. In fact，the study found that the optimal level of activity for women was 60 minutes a day.
E. Neither height nor weight seemed to factor into whether the men reached their 90s，but activity level did.
F. In addition，for each 30 minutes a day the men were active，they were 5％more likely to reach that age.
G. And they included dog walking，gardening，home improvements，walking or biking to work and sports.
Passage 4(安徽師范大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)2019屆高三5月考前適應(yīng)性檢測(cè))
根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng).選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Competition is all around us and it makes the strong stronger and the weak weaker. It can also teach us how to survive in a fast-paced and stressful world. 1 . How many of us have seen young boys weeping because their teams didn’t win inter-school tournament? How many of us have seen young teenagers cheat just to win? 2 So it’s important to develop healthy competition among children.
When it comes to encouraging healthy competition among children, the first thing to do is set goals for them to stick to. 3
Since children may be easily affected by wrong ideas from popular media and the Internet, it’s up to you to develop the right kind of spirit in them. Team spirit will help them grow into human beings who aren’t easily annoyed by small losses or too excited by victories. 4 So give them examples where family members refused to cheat to win.
5 . When they take an exam, don’t ask about how much they expect to score; instead, ask what they wrote about. If your son played a cricket match at school, don’t ask him whether his team won or lost; ask him how many runs he scored and encourage him to score higher next time instead. When you let your children know that you’re more interested in how they performed rather than whether they lost or won, they will surely try to better themselves.
A. However, you mustn’t push them too hard and burden them with too high a goal
B. We should also encourage healthy competition among children
C. These are the effects of unhealthy competition
D. In addition, they may also not want to adopt just any method to win, like cheating or lying
E. Care more about children’s performance rather than the results in a sports match
F. However, children can be hit by competition
G. Sending your children the right signals is also important


題組一
Passage1
【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了新鮮空氣的好處：新鮮空氣中的氧氣，陽光對(duì)人們的身心健康均有好處。人們已經(jīng)開始利用大自然和治愈疾病的關(guān)系，建造“康復(fù)花園”，治療病人了。
36.E
根據(jù)下一句中的“the answer is a big YES”可知，該空應(yīng)該是一個(gè)一般疑問句，選項(xiàng)中只有E選項(xiàng)是一般疑問句。故選E：但是新鮮空氣真得像你母親說的那樣對(duì)你有好處嗎？空前的people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air”和選項(xiàng)中的“your mother always said”亦是呼應(yīng)。
37.A
根據(jù)下一句中提到的“If the air you’re breathing is clean…the air is filled with life-giving, energizing oxygen”可知，新鮮空氣充滿賦予人生命的，充滿活力的氧氣。下文中“…breathe more deeply, allowing more oxygen to get to your muscles and your brain”是對(duì)前文的遞進(jìn)：在戶外，更多的氧氣進(jìn)入你的肌肉和大腦。根據(jù)前面的分析可以推知，該空應(yīng)該提到新鮮空氣的基本作用，根據(jù)常識(shí)，我們知道吸入的空氣首先進(jìn)入的是肺部，然后才會(huì)使我們的肌肉和大腦受益，故該空應(yīng)選A選項(xiàng)：新鮮空氣清潔我們的肺部。
38.G
根據(jù)下一句中提到的“these places”可以推知，該空應(yīng)該提到表示地點(diǎn)的復(fù)數(shù)名詞。選項(xiàng)中只有G選項(xiàng)提到該類名詞，故選項(xiàng)G：在全國(guó)，康復(fù)中心已經(jīng)開始建造“康復(fù)花園”。these places就是指Healing Gardens。
39.C
前文介紹的是“康復(fù)花園”中的綠色植物對(duì)于病人康復(fù)的好的作用：綠色的正在成長(zhǎng)的植物可以減輕壓力，降低血壓，使人情緒良好。空后提到“它給我們一種平和感”。該空起承上啟下的作用，仍然要提到處于“康復(fù)花園”這種自然環(huán)境中的好處，空后的it也要指代這種情況。故C選項(xiàng)切題：身處大自然可以使人精神煥發(fā)。
40.D
根據(jù)下文中提到的“the sun’s rays…give us beneficial Vitamin D”可知，該段介紹的陽光的好處。故該選項(xiàng)應(yīng)該提到陽光。選項(xiàng)中只有D選項(xiàng)涉及陽光。故選D：獲得新鮮空氣的另一個(gè)好處是陽光。
Passage2
【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章作者對(duì)于怎樣設(shè)定具體目標(biāo)，給出了一些方法。
36.G
上文說“動(dòng)機(jī)和目標(biāo)設(shè)定是同一枚硬幣的兩面”。下文說“就像孩子在跳水臺(tái)，難以決定”。該空承上啟下，G選項(xiàng)“沒有目標(biāo)，你就既不能設(shè)定目標(biāo)，也無法實(shí)現(xiàn)它”切題，故選G。
37.B
下文說“不僅如此，你應(yīng)該如何為實(shí)現(xiàn)你的目標(biāo)保持積極性”。該空引出下文，B選項(xiàng)“那么你應(yīng)該如何激勵(lì)自己呢”切題，故選B。
38.A
上文說“有時(shí)候你的心不在工作上”，下文說“所以，減慢速度，想一想那時(shí)候，你到底想干什么”。該空承上啟下，A選項(xiàng)“這會(huì)影響你的工作”切題，故選A。
39.E
上文說“記得，目標(biāo)是靈活的”。該空承接上文，E選項(xiàng)“它們會(huì)根據(jù)環(huán)境的改變而改變”切題，故選E。
40.C
上文說“你可能想當(dāng)一名飛行員，但是不能成為一名飛行員，因?yàn)槟愕囊暳Σ粔蚝?。”下文說“你應(yīng)該重新評(píng)估你的目標(biāo)，并且設(shè)定一個(gè)新的目標(biāo)”。該空承上啟下，C選項(xiàng)“然而，這也不要使你沮喪”切題，故選C。
Passage3
【語篇解讀】本文為說明文。在網(wǎng)絡(luò)課堂上，與教授建立健康的交流模式是非常重要的，作者在文中列舉了一些規(guī)矩與禁忌。
36.E
根據(jù)文章段落結(jié)構(gòu)和本段首句In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important，可知，在網(wǎng)絡(luò)課堂上，與教授建立健康的交流模式是非常重要的，作者在下文中列舉了一些規(guī)矩與禁忌，故選項(xiàng)E符合語境。
37.G
根據(jù)其后一句Questions about subject content are generally welcomed.（與課程內(nèi)容相關(guān)的問題是受歡迎的），解釋了什么樣的問題是好問題，可知，與G項(xiàng)“make sure they are good, thoughtful questions”相呼應(yīng)，要提一些好的令人深思的問題，故選G。
38.A
根據(jù)前一句 Participate in discussion forums（論壇）, blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue.可知，要參與論壇討論、博客和其他開放式的對(duì)話論壇。而這正是網(wǎng)絡(luò)課堂采用的交流的途徑，故選A。
39.C
根據(jù)本段Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends教授不是訓(xùn)練有素的護(hù)士，不是經(jīng)濟(jì)援助專家，也不是你最好的朋友，可知，不要分享個(gè)人信息或故事，如果他們需要更多信息的話，他們會(huì)主動(dòng)問起的，故選項(xiàng)C符合語境。
40.F
通讀本段，并根據(jù)本段主題句Don’t openly express annoyance at a professor or class.告誡讀者，每個(gè)人都可能曾經(jīng)上過不太好的課，不要在社交媒體上攻擊教授，不要公開表達(dá)對(duì)教授或班級(jí)的不滿，要利用課程評(píng)價(jià)冷靜地提出你的意見。選項(xiàng)F符合上下文語境。
Passage4
【語篇解讀】這是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。文章主要講了建立一支最佳陣容球隊(duì)比簡(jiǎn)單地雇傭最優(yōu)秀的人才要復(fù)雜得多。一支一流球隊(duì)可能需要一種平衡——不僅僅是最好球員，也需要一些優(yōu)雅量的普通球員。
46.B
上文說“大多數(shù)人相信建立一個(gè)偉大團(tuán)隊(duì)的最好方法就是聚集一群最有天賦的人
個(gè)人”。下文說“公司花費(fèi)數(shù)百萬雇傭頂級(jí)商業(yè)人士。”該空承上啟下，也是在舉例，B選項(xiàng)“運(yùn)動(dòng)隊(duì)老板花費(fèi)數(shù)百萬美元吸引頂尖人才。”切題，故選B。
47.E
下文說“他們專注于足球、籃球和籃球。結(jié)果有好有壞?！痹摽找鱿挛模珽選項(xiàng)“最近的幾項(xiàng)研究調(diào)查了體育世界中人才的作用?！鼻蓄}，故選E。
48.G
上文說“為了解釋這一現(xiàn)象，研究人員探索了一場(chǎng)好的表現(xiàn)要求隊(duì)員們協(xié)調(diào)他們行動(dòng)的程度”，下文說明了研究結(jié)果，該空承上啟下，G選項(xiàng)“這項(xiàng)任務(wù)的相互依賴性使棒球區(qū)別于足球和籃球?！鼻蓄}，故選G。
49.D
上文說了“一個(gè)球星為了個(gè)人得分，而影響團(tuán)隊(duì)的表現(xiàn)”，該空承接上文，D選項(xiàng)“球星顯然沒有遵守運(yùn)動(dòng)員精神的基本原則”切題，故選D。
50.F
下文說“一支一流球隊(duì)可能需要一種平衡——不僅僅是最好球員，也需要一些優(yōu)雅量的普通球員?！痹摽找鱿挛模現(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“建立一支最佳陣容球隊(duì)比簡(jiǎn)單地雇傭最優(yōu)秀的人才要復(fù)雜得多?！鼻蓄}，故選F。
題組二
Passage1
【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)中顏色的選擇問題。
36.B 【解析】36題以逗號(hào)結(jié)尾，后面另起一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句，可以從句子結(jié)構(gòu)排除D,E,F,G項(xiàng)。根據(jù)前文的三個(gè)問句可知，此處是從中選擇一種。故選B（不管你尋找哪一種） 。
37.A 【解析】前文：在過去的許多年里，有許多技術(shù)幫助設(shè)計(jì)者實(shí)現(xiàn)這一要點(diǎn)；下文：它們有點(diǎn)復(fù)雜。所以A（然而他們都很有用）承上啟下。符合題意。
38.D 【解析】本空是一個(gè)主題句，總說選擇小顏色是我們很熟悉的方法。后文分說小顏色的具體用途。故選D。
39.G 【解析】根據(jù)前文“中型顏色選擇通常是指一些例如沙發(fā)，餐桌或者書架等家具的顏色選擇”接著表明這種范圍的顏色選擇是對(duì)小型顏色選擇在兩種方式上的進(jìn)一步提示，故選G。
40. F 【解析】前文the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant你所付諸的時(shí)間、精力和相關(guān)的費(fèi)用是巨大的。后文F那肯定是值得的，因?yàn)槟阆氲谝淮伟阉谩９蔬xF。
Passage2
【文章大意】這是一篇說明文。列舉了早晨鍛煉對(duì)人體的四條好處，號(hào)召人們?cè)琰c(diǎn)起床，進(jìn)行身體鍛煉。
36.G 【解析】根據(jù)空前的內(nèi)容“生活忙碌沒有時(shí)間鍛煉”和空后的內(nèi)容“晨練除了身體健康之外，還能帶來其他好處”，下文接著列舉了晨練的其他好處。由此可知，此處缺一個(gè)承上啟下句。G項(xiàng)中then listen up!（那么請(qǐng)仔細(xì)聽!）很好的起到了承上啟下的作用。故選G。
37.E 【解析】根據(jù)上一句Exercising makes you more awake（鍛煉能讓你更清醒），E項(xiàng)（你可以在運(yùn)動(dòng)后保持頭腦清醒4-10個(gè)小時(shí)。）是對(duì)上一句的進(jìn)一步解釋。故選E。
38.F 【解析】空前句子是本段的主題句，晨練是新陳代謝的開始，空后句子說如果晨練，則你會(huì)得到卡路里一整天都在燃燒的益處，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)（鍛煉之后，你一整天都在燃燒卡路里。）是空后句子的根據(jù)，空后句子是對(duì)F項(xiàng)的進(jìn)一步延伸。故選F。
39.B 【解析】此處缺一個(gè)主題句。空后句子解釋了早起鍛煉的人比晚上鍛煉的人睡得更好。B項(xiàng)（你的睡眠質(zhì)量提高了。）是對(duì)后面內(nèi)容的總述。故選B。
40.A 【解析】根據(jù)空后句子“If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day.（如果你在早晨鍛煉身體，你將更有可能堅(jiān)持健康的食物選擇。）”，A項(xiàng)(你將堅(jiān)持你的飲食。)符合本段內(nèi)容，是主題句，起到統(tǒng)領(lǐng)下文的作用。故選A。
Passage3
【文章大意】本文為說明文。文章主要介紹了跳舞的好處。
36.B 【解析】根據(jù)空后的內(nèi)容We dance from Florida to Alaska, from north to south and sea to sea. We dance at weddings, birthdays , office parties and just to fill the time.可知，這里是說遭美國(guó)都有人跳舞
從弗羅里達(dá)到阿拉斯加，從北到南等，因此B項(xiàng)符合題意。
37.D 【解析】根據(jù)前文舞蹈課為各個(gè)年齡階段的人架起了橋梁，教跳舞是非常好的，再根據(jù)后句it’s great to watch them，根據(jù)人稱可知是在談?wù)撍麄?，所以D和F符合，再根據(jù)本段最后一句可知，此段主要介紹了跳舞對(duì)他們的好處，故選D。
38.A 【解析】根據(jù)第四段后句，是通過舉例介紹人們跳舞的原因，故選A。
39.F 【解析】根據(jù)前句they arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile, 所以他們的心情徹底改變，故選F。
40.E 【解析】根據(jù)文章前后句可知，此處人稱為第一人稱，所以E符合語境，作者結(jié)合自己的跳舞經(jīng)歷介紹了跳舞給自己帶來的好處。
Passage 4
【文章大意】怎樣成為一個(gè)鄰居都喜歡的人，作者給了幾點(diǎn)建議。
31.G 【解析】考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。本段講如果你想成為鄰居中一個(gè)可以接受和有價(jià)值的部分，最簡(jiǎn)單的方法就是確保你的行為舉止像一個(gè)好鄰居。下文是具體做法，G項(xiàng)：這里有一些技巧，可以幫助你迅速贏得鄰居的信賴。承上啟下，故選G。
32.F 【解析】考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。本段介紹和鄰居關(guān)系融洽最重要的是保持干凈整潔的戶內(nèi)戶外環(huán)境，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)中keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting. 保持街上的一切新鮮和誘人，與本段意思一致，故選F。
33.E 【解析】考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。本段主要建議要重視社區(qū)的整體面貌，出門拿上一個(gè)垃圾袋，E項(xiàng)：遇到從路過的汽車?yán)锶映龅膹U紙，把它撿起來。與上句連接，是拿垃圾袋的作用。故選E。
34.B 【解析】考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。本段是建議用鄰居可以接受的方式幫助他們，同時(shí)尊重鄰居的隱私。B項(xiàng)：好鄰居就是喜歡在小的方面幫助別人的人，符合本段內(nèi)容，故選B。
35.C 【解析】考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。最后一段是總結(jié)，只要我們考慮周到，尊重他人，照顧好屬于自己的東西，為周圍的人感到自豪，很快就會(huì)成為一個(gè)大家都喜歡的好鄰居。C項(xiàng)中considerate behavior是下文內(nèi)容的概括，故選C。
題組三
Passage1
【文章大意】三年前，作者對(duì)露營(yíng)一無所知，也不認(rèn)為自己會(huì)喜歡露營(yíng)。然而后來有過幾次露營(yíng)的經(jīng)歷，作者和他的家人開始愛上了露營(yíng)，甚至為露營(yíng)購(gòu)買了設(shè)備齊全的房車。作者認(rèn)為露營(yíng)是回歸大自然的一個(gè)方式，也建議讀者找到適合自己的回歸自然的方式。
36.D 【解析】根據(jù)前文可知三年前作者認(rèn)為露營(yíng)和自己無關(guān)，而后文中表明作者熱愛露營(yíng)，暗示此處作者對(duì)待露營(yíng)的情感態(tài)度應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)變。D選項(xiàng)中的however表示轉(zhuǎn)折。且If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping暗示作者態(tài)度的轉(zhuǎn)變就在三年前，D選項(xiàng)中的since then＂自從那時(shí)候起＂和前文時(shí)間吻合。故選D。
37.C 【解析】根據(jù)后文We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom可知作者第一次露營(yíng)的條件很艱苦，C選項(xiàng)The trip they took me on was a rough one.中的rough暗示了這一點(diǎn)，符合語境。故選C。
38.A 【解析】根據(jù)前文We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom可知作者第一次露營(yíng)時(shí)住帳篷，露天生火做飯，走很遠(yuǎn)的距離去洗澡、上廁所，條件很艱苦，而后文中Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. 說明作者第二次露營(yíng)有床有空調(diào)。A選項(xiàng)This time there was no tent＂這次沒有帳篷了＂暗示作者進(jìn)行了第二次露營(yíng)，而且條件比較好，符合語境。故選A。
39.F 【解析】根據(jù)后文we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.可知作者一家為了露營(yíng)買了房車，里面設(shè)備齊全，說明作者一家人是喜歡露營(yíng)的。F選項(xiàng)After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping(那次露營(yíng)之后，我的家人開始對(duì)露營(yíng)感興趣)符合語境，故選F。
40. E 【解析】根據(jù)后文It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.可知作者希望每個(gè)人能找到適合自己的回歸自然的方法，而根據(jù)前文可知作者回歸自然的方式就是露營(yíng)。E選項(xiàng)I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.(我必須得承認(rèn)我真的開始享受露營(yíng))既是對(duì)文章第一段中作者態(tài)度轉(zhuǎn)變的一個(gè)總結(jié)，也很好地銜接了后文。故選E。
Passage2
【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。為避免工作被打斷是一件令人感覺很糟糕的事，文章提出了幾點(diǎn)建議，防止此類事件的發(fā)生。
36.B 【解析】根據(jù)there are several ways to handle things，可知下文是關(guān)于幾種防止在工作中被別人打斷的方法，此句與前半句構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的句子，根據(jù)語境分析。故選B。
37.A 【解析】根據(jù)后文＂Tell the person you’re sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the of you can talk at a different time＂可知，學(xué)會(huì)在自己很忙的時(shí)候去拒絕別人。故選A。
38.E 【解析】根據(jù)橫線前＂have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or that you’ll find them then＂安排好時(shí)間，讓他們知道你在什么時(shí)候回來，或者告訴他們，你會(huì)去找他們，再結(jié)合后文＂It can help to eliminate(消除) future interruptions＂可知選E。
39.D 【解析】根據(jù)后文＂it’s much easier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are＂，此句中it指代前文＂don’t do it in your own office.＂，也就是說此段中作者認(rèn)為比起在自己的辦公室解釋，不在自己的辦公室更容易點(diǎn)。故選D。
40.G 【解析】根據(jù)＂If you have a door to your office, make good use of it.＂可知，此段主要是講述關(guān)于如何利用自己辦公室的門來防止被打擾。故選G。
Passage3
【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了如何幫助人們制訂一個(gè)計(jì)劃去調(diào)節(jié)生物鐘，確保起床不再是一件令人頭疼的事。
36.C 【解析】根據(jù)后句中的關(guān)鍵詞one可以判斷出，根據(jù)空前及空后的內(nèi)容可知，空處應(yīng)為解決方法，再結(jié)合所給選項(xiàng)可知只有C選項(xiàng)符合語境。
37.B 【解析】本段內(nèi)容是建議人們要先確定為什么要早起，弄清早起的目的是什么，也就是早起的動(dòng)機(jī)是什么。因此B項(xiàng)可以概括本段的中心。
38.G 【解析】根據(jù)下句內(nèi)容可知，作者建議人們買一個(gè)可以定時(shí)的咖啡機(jī)，這樣可以節(jié)約15分鐘的喝咖啡時(shí)間，能夠多睡15分鐘，文中的a quarter-hour 和選項(xiàng)中的15 minutes相呼應(yīng)，是信息提示詞。故選G。
39.F 【解析】根據(jù)段落的中心句可知，本段是建議人們?cè)谥苣┮惨獔?jiān)持自己的作息時(shí)間，由此推斷出Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day符合語境。故選F。
40.E 【解析】后句建議人們?nèi)绻@樣做沒作用就嘗試新辦法，由此推斷出該空與If not對(duì)應(yīng)，即如果有效果的話如何去做。故選E。
Passage4
【文章大意】本文主要講了進(jìn)行街道隨機(jī)采訪的若干技巧。
31. D 【解析】根據(jù)空格后一句中的＂your first man-on-street interview experience can be easy＂可知這是對(duì)于記者新人所提出的建議，而選項(xiàng)D中的＂new reporters＂正好與其相承接，故選D。
32. G 【解析】空格前一句是個(gè)遠(yuǎn)非yes或no就可以回答的提問，而選項(xiàng)G中＂With a question like this…＂正好與其相承接，故選G。
33. B 【解析】根據(jù)空格后一句所說的很有禮貌的提問，可知這里的建議應(yīng)該是提問時(shí)要注意禮貌，而選項(xiàng)B中的polite正好與其相呼應(yīng)，故選B。
34. A 【解析】根據(jù)空格后一句＂Each interview that you get on the street shouldn’t be longer than ten minutes.＂可知這一段的建議是要限制采訪的時(shí)間，故選A。
35. F 【解析】空格前一句是＂A safe number of interviews to conduct is about six to ten＂, 而選項(xiàng)F中＂That number of interviews…＂正好與其相呼應(yīng)，故選F。
題組四
Passage1
【文章大意】本文屬于說明文，介紹幫助孩子樹立時(shí)間管理意識(shí)的培養(yǎng)的建議。
1.E 【解析】根據(jù)下句That means managing his time wisely without requiring constant reminders of assistance from you to get his work done可知，那就意味著不需要父母的經(jīng)常提醒就能夠很好的管理好時(shí)間，從而完成任務(wù)，與E選項(xiàng)，教會(huì)孩子對(duì)自己負(fù)責(zé)很重要，與下句中that呼應(yīng) ，故切題，選E。
2.A 【解析】分析本文結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本文屬于總分結(jié)構(gòu)，本空為本段的小標(biāo)題，根據(jù)本段中If you’re always running late or you miss a lot of deadlines, your teen will follow suit.可知，本段主要講述父母要為孩子樹林榜樣，故A選項(xiàng)符合。
3.B 【解析】根據(jù)本空下一句Then, time doesn’t idly pass without feeling like he hasn’t done anything fun.可知，不會(huì)讓孩子感覺自己沒有做一些有意義的事情，故與B選項(xiàng)，讓孩子自由支配他們的空閑時(shí)間，切題，故選B。
4.D 【解析】根據(jù)本空后一句A basketball game and birthday party may coincide.可知，舉例說明時(shí)間沖突很常見，故與D選項(xiàng)符合，故選D。
5.G 【解析】根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題Avoid nagging (嘮叨).可知，本段主要闡述嘮叨對(duì)孩子的弊端，故G選項(xiàng)符合。
Passage2
【文章大意】本文介紹了世界上各種污染情況，從空氣污染到噪音污染都做了詳細(xì)地說明。
1.B 【解析】上文提示“今天的生活比幾百年前要容易得多，但它帶來了新的問題?！痹俑鶕?jù)下文提示“污染意味著臟?！背薪由舷挛?，B. One of the biggest is pollution（最大的問題之一是污染。）切題。故選B。
2.A 【解析】下文提示“許多年前，這個(gè)問題并不是很嚴(yán)重，因?yàn)闆]有那么多人。”由此可知，A.項(xiàng)The more people, the more pollution（人越多，污染越多。）切題。故選A。
3.C 【解析】下文提示“這對(duì)世界上所有的生物都是有害的，但它并不是唯一的一種污染?！背薪酉挛?，C項(xiàng)Air pollution is still the most serious（空氣污染仍然是最嚴(yán)重的。）從下文的water/noise可知此處it指的是Air pollution，故選C。
4.D 【解析】下文提示“他們阻止人們?cè)诔鞘欣锏姆孔雍凸S里燒煤，并禁止把骯臟的煙霧排放到空氣中?！背薪酉挛模珼項(xiàng)Many countries are making rules to fight pollution.（許多國(guó)家正在制定治理污染的規(guī)則。）下文中的they指代的就是該項(xiàng)中的Many countries。故選D。
5.E 【解析】上文提示“地球是我們的家園。我們必須照顧好它。”承接上文，E項(xiàng)That means keeping the land, water and air clean.（這意味著要保持土地、水和空氣的清潔。）該項(xiàng)中的that指的就是上文內(nèi)容。故選E。
Passage 3
【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述的是人的壽命取決于哪些因素。活到90歲的高齡可能取決于你的身高和體重以及你的身體活動(dòng)水平，并且鼓勵(lì)會(huì)影響一個(gè)女人的壽命比影響一個(gè)男性的壽命更多。
1.B
上文提示“研究發(fā)現(xiàn)活到90歲的女性，平均而言，自從20歲就更高，更不易發(fā)胖，這是與更矮、更重的女性相比?！背薪由衔?，B項(xiàng)No such association was seen for men.（沒有見過有這樣的男人協(xié)會(huì)。）切題。故選B。
2.G
上文提示“男女雙方還告訴研究人員關(guān)于他們當(dāng)前的體育活動(dòng)?！背薪由衔模珿項(xiàng)And they included dog walking，gardening，home improvements，walking or biking to work and sports.（他們包括遛狗、園藝、家庭環(huán)境的改善、走路或騎自行車去上班和運(yùn)動(dòng)。）切題。該項(xiàng)中的they指的就是上句中的activities。故選G。
3.A
下文提示“研究發(fā)現(xiàn)高度超過5英尺9英寸的女性與身高不到5英尺3英寸的女性相比，有31%更有可能活到90多?！背薪酉挛模珹項(xiàng)Height played a major factor.（高度扮演了一個(gè)主要因素。）故選A。
4.E
下文提示“一天花了90分鐘或更多在運(yùn)動(dòng)上的男性與每天鍛煉少于三十分鐘的男性相比有39%更有可能活到90歲?！背薪酉挛?，E項(xiàng)Neither height nor weight seemed to factor into whether the men reached their 90s，but activity level did.（男性是否能活到90多歲，其因素似乎既不是身高也不是體重，而是活動(dòng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。）切題。故選E。
5.D
上文提示“與男性不同，沒有獎(jiǎng)金增加活動(dòng)?！背薪由衔模珼項(xiàng)In fact，the study found that the optimal level of activity for women was 60 minutes a day.（事實(shí)上，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，女性的最優(yōu)水平的活動(dòng)是每天60分鐘。）切題。故選D。
Passage 4
【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了如何培養(yǎng)孩子之間的健康競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。
1.F
根據(jù)下文提到的兩個(gè)問題：我們中有多少人見過年輕的男孩因?yàn)樗麄兊那蜿?duì)沒有贏得校際比賽而哭泣？我們中有多少人見過青少年為了贏而作弊？這兩個(gè)問題是兩個(gè)例子，證明競(jìng)爭(zhēng)會(huì)讓人受到打擊。故F選項(xiàng)切題。
2.C
前面提到的兩個(gè)問題折射出不健康競(jìng)爭(zhēng)產(chǎn)生的影響。故C選項(xiàng)切題。同時(shí)，該選項(xiàng)又引出下文：所以培養(yǎng)孩子之間的健康競(jìng)爭(zhēng)是很重要的。
3.A
上一句提到：當(dāng)它來鼓勵(lì)孩子們的健康競(jìng)爭(zhēng)時(shí)，要做的第一件事就是設(shè)定他們的目標(biāo)。該空承接上文，對(duì)設(shè)定目標(biāo)這件事作進(jìn)一步的說明。故A選項(xiàng)切題：然而，你不能把他們逼得太緊，讓目標(biāo)成為他們的負(fù)擔(dān)。
4.D
下文提到：所以給他們舉個(gè)家人為了贏而拒絕作弊的例子。根據(jù)下文中的so可知，該空和下文之間是因果關(guān)系。那么，該空應(yīng)該提到作弊這樣的話題。選項(xiàng)中只有D選項(xiàng)與此有關(guān)：此外，他們也可能不想采取任何手段來取勝，比如欺騙或撒謊。該空同時(shí)承接上文：團(tuán)隊(duì)精神將幫助他們成長(zhǎng)為一個(gè)人，他們不會(huì)輕易被小損失所困擾，也不會(huì)因勝利而過于興奮。該選項(xiàng)也體現(xiàn)了團(tuán)隊(duì)精神的作用。綜上，D選項(xiàng)切題。
5.G
該段提到：當(dāng)他們參加考試時(shí)，不要問他們期望多少分?jǐn)?shù)，而是問問他們寫了些什么。如果你的兒子在學(xué)校打板球，不要問他的球隊(duì)是贏還是輸；問他進(jìn)了多少分，鼓勵(lì)他下一次得分更高。當(dāng)你讓你的孩子知道你對(duì)他們的表現(xiàn)更感興趣，而不是他們是輸了還是贏了，他們肯定會(huì)努力讓自己更好。通過該段內(nèi)容可知，作者建議家長(zhǎng)給孩子傳遞正確的信息：你關(guān)心的是他們的表現(xiàn)，而不是成績(jī)。故G選項(xiàng)正確。



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