
TOC \ "1-3" \h \z \u \l "_Tc150878642" 考點歸納 PAGEREF _Tc150878642 \h 1
\l "_Tc150878643" 考點01 冠詞 PAGEREF _Tc150878643 \h 1
\l "_Tc150878644" 考點02 介詞 PAGEREF _Tc150878644 \h 3
\l "_Tc150878645" 考點03 代詞 PAGEREF _Tc150878645 \h 5
\l "_Tc150878646" 高考練場 PAGEREF _Tc150878646 \h 7
\l "_Tc150878647" 考點01 冠詞 PAGEREF _Tc150878647 \h 7
\l "_Tc150878648" 考點02 介詞 PAGEREF _Tc150878648 \h 8
\l "_Tc150878649" 考點03 代詞 PAGEREF _Tc150878649 \h 9
考點歸納
考點01 冠詞
【考點詮釋】
冠詞是語法填空的高頻考點,經(jīng)??疾椴欢ü谠~a, an和定冠詞the的基本用法和固定搭配。解題時,首先看空格后是否有名詞,有單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,搭配后表示泛指時,應(yīng)考慮不定冠詞a/an,此時還應(yīng)該注意其后的詞的第一個音素,如果是元音填an,如果是輔音,則填a;有名詞,搭配后表示特指時,應(yīng)考慮定冠詞the;還要看是否是固定搭配。
【典例1】
(2023·湖北襄陽·襄陽四中??既? In the past few years, increasing number f Chinese cmpanies have been investing in Malaysia, especially in e-cmmerce, digital ecnmy cperatin...
【詳解】an 考查冠詞。句意:近年來,越來越多的中國企業(yè)赴馬投資,特別是在電子商務(wù)、數(shù)字經(jīng)濟合作、綠色發(fā)展等領(lǐng)域。句中橫線上填寫冠詞“an”與后面結(jié)構(gòu)“increasing number f”組合成短語結(jié)構(gòu)“an increasing number f”表示“越來越多”。故填an。
1.看到“_______ number f ”首先判斷是用a number f(大量的……),還是the number f(……的數(shù)量);
2.由語境可判斷此處表示“越來越多的……”,故應(yīng)用不定冠詞;
3.空后的increasing的發(fā)音以元音音素開頭,故應(yīng)用不定冠詞an。
【變式1-1】(2023秋·浙江金華·高三浙江金華第一中學(xué)??茧A段練習(xí))
“It is unique pening ceremny, featuring a breathtaking light shw as its centerpiece,” said The Times f India, ...
【變式1-2】(2023秋·江蘇南京·高三南京市中華中學(xué)校考階段練習(xí))
Alng ne sectin f Chngyng Street, a 4 (histrically) significant street in central Beijing, Hu and her team have built micrgardens cnsisting f mre than 6,000 plants.
【變式1-3】(2023秋·江蘇連云港·高三校聯(lián)考階段練習(xí))
The crsstalk, als 3 (knwn) as xiangsheng in Chinese, a kind f flk art with “cmic” dialgues began as
frm f Street perfrmance and ...
【變式1-4】(2023·浙江杭州·浙江省杭州第二中學(xué)??寄M預(yù)測)
Du, a rural teacher, 2 (decided) t build a library in the village when he nticed range f difficulties his neighbrs encuntered as a result f limited knwledge during the planting seasn arund 1980.
考點02 介詞
【考點詮釋】
介詞是語法填空的必考點和難點,學(xué)生應(yīng)該熟練掌握常見介詞的基本用法;介詞與動詞、名詞、形容詞等的固定搭配。如果名詞或者代詞在句子中不作主語、表語或者動詞的賓語時,其前面一般是填介詞。高考通??疾榻樵~與動詞、形容詞或者名詞的搭配。做題時應(yīng)該先根據(jù)上下文和句意推斷出設(shè)空處的具體意思,然后根據(jù)熟記的短語來確定要填的詞。在學(xué)習(xí)的過程中應(yīng)注意對短語的歸納、積累、比較和記憶。
【典例2】
(2023·廣東東莞·東莞實驗中學(xué)??家荒? With a ttal 3 (length) f 825 kilmeters, the Heru Railway stretches 4 Htan city in the west t Ruqiang cunty in the east.
【詳解】frm 考查介詞。句意:和若鐵路全長825公里,西起和田,東至若羌縣。句子表示“和若鐵路全長825公里,西起和田,東至若羌縣”,是固定短語,意為“從……到……”,故填frm。
1.此空不能只看局部,即只看空后的地點名詞Htan,要從整個句子結(jié)構(gòu)來判斷。
2.由語境可判斷此處表示“從……到……”,故應(yīng)用介詞t;
【變式2-1】(2023秋·湖北荊州·高三荊州中學(xué)??茧A段練習(xí))
In cntrast 3 the pening ceremny, during the clsing ceremny, athletes frm all delegatins (代表團) entered the stadium tgether, mingling (交際) withut regard t natinality.
【變式2-2】(2023·湖北武漢·湖北省武昌實驗中學(xué)??寄M預(yù)測)
3 (Cvering) an area f 3.6 square kilmeters, Huangya has a histry f nearly 1,000 years 4 its rigins dating back t the Sng Dynasty.
【變式2-3】(2023秋·廣東深圳·高三深圳外國語學(xué)校??茧A段練習(xí))
He revealed that the sculptures and ancient paintings exhibited at the Shaanxi Histry Museum prvided them 9 invaluable ideas fr the film.
【變式2-4】(2023秋·廣東廣州·高三廣州市第三中學(xué)??茧A段練習(xí))
It 1 (was made) in the early Warring States Perid, ver 70 years after the death f Cnfucius, frm the ntes that his disciples tk accrding t the answers 2 their questins.
考點03 代詞
【考點詮釋】
從近幾年高考真題看,代詞的考查分為兩類,一類有提示詞。在這類題中,提示詞可能是其基本形式—人稱代詞的主格,則可能考查①賓格形式:在句中作賓語或表語。②形容詞性物主代詞:在名詞前作定語。③名詞性物主代詞:作主語、賓語或表語。④反身代詞。
第二類是純空格題,即無提示詞。如果要求填代詞的基本形式,如主格人稱代詞,it,或sme, any, anther, bth等不定代詞,是不會給提示詞的。在純空格題中:(1)句子缺主語時,可能填:①人稱代詞主格,②不定代詞;③it,包括填作形式主語的it,替代后面作真正主語的不定式、動名詞或從句。
【典例3】
(2023·浙江杭州·浙江省杭州第二中學(xué)??寄M預(yù)測) At that time, residents thught 6 (they) t be experienced in farming, s they wuldn’t read bks.
【詳解】themselves 考查代詞。句意:當(dāng)時的居民認(rèn)為自己有務(wù)農(nóng)經(jīng)驗,所以不會讀書。此處指residents認(rèn)為“他們自己”應(yīng)用反身代詞themselves。故填themselves。
1.此空不能只看局部,要從整個句子結(jié)構(gòu)來判斷。要判斷此空的they和前面的residents 指代的都是當(dāng)時的居民。
2.由語境可判斷此處用反身代詞做賓語,表示“(這些居民)他們自己”,故應(yīng)用反身代詞themselves;
【變式3-1】(2023秋·廣東湛江·高三湛江市第二中學(xué)??茧A段練習(xí))
Yu can send them a special gift basket full f things they like by 8 (yu) r treat them t their favrite dessert 9 (sincerely).
【變式3-2】(2023屆山東德州期中考試)
While the Qinling Muntains have lng been knwn as the nrthern edge f giant panda habitat, _____ was nly in 2005 that the Qinling panda was recgnized as a distinct subspecies f giant panda.
【變式3-3】(2023·唐山市一模)
It will take sme time t ppularize the new travel trend and the prices must remain cmpetitive t ensure that regular turists can affrd ________.
【變式3-4】(2023屆浙江湖州聯(lián)考)
Recently the city f Hnlulu, Hawaii, declared it’s time t take actin and make ______ illegal t crss the rad while using a smart phne.
高考練場
I.單句語法填空
考點01 冠詞
1. (2023·全國II卷) Nt the pandas, even thugh ______ language used fr the medical training instructins is actually English.
2. (2022·全國II卷) ______ Brwn family live in an apartment building utside Trnt.
3. (2022年新高考全國I卷) 56 (Cvering) an area abut three times ______ size f Yellwstne Natinal Park, the GPNP will be ne f the first natinal parks in the cuntry.
4. (2022年新高考全國甲卷) ______ friend f his,Wu Fan,vlunteered t be his cmpanin during the trip.
5. (2022年新高考全國乙卷) T celebrate ______ festival, a number f events tk place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing n Thursday.
6. (2021年新高考全國I卷) While yu’re in China, Munt Huangshan is ______ must t visit!
7. (2021年新高考全國II卷) A cmpany 64 (representative) wrte back and tld me the airline was switching ver ______ plastic t paper cups n all f its 1,200 daily flights.
8. (2021年新高考全國英語甲卷) It tk us abut 3 hurs t g all ______ way arund the Xi’an City Wall.
9. (2021年新高考全國英語乙卷) Due t ______ grwing ppularity f envirnmentally-related and adventure travel, varius types 66 (f) trips are nw being classified as ecturism. Actually, a true ec-friendly trip must meet the fllwing principles:
10. (2020年新高考全國英語II卷) Each vlume in the set explres 61 wide range f material, explains the basic cncepts f majr applicatins f digital systems, 62 (and) discusses the influences they have n everyday life.
11. (2019·高考英語全國I卷) Of ______ nineteen recgnized plar bear subppulatins, three are declining, six are stable, ne is increasing, and nine lack enugh data.
12. (2019·高考英語全國II卷) When we gt a call saying she was shrt-listed, we thught it was ______ jke.
13. (2018·高考英語全國卷Ⅱ) Crn prductin has jumped nearly 125 percent ver ______ past 25 years, while rice has increased nly 7 percent.
14. (2017·高考英語全國卷II) This included digging up the rad, laying the track and then building a strng rf ver ______ tp.
15. (2017·高考英語全國卷Ⅲ) Instead, she is earning £ 6,500 a day as ______ mdel in New Yrk.
考點02 介詞
1. (2023·新高考全國英語甲卷) She warns f the envirnmental dangers facing sciety, and she teaches that peple must take respnsibility ______ saving their envirnment.
2. (2023·新高考全國新課標(biāo)卷II) And wh d they speak English ______?
3. (2023·新高考全國英語甲卷) She warns f the envirnmental dangers facing sciety, and she teaches that peple must take respnsibility saving their envirnment.
4. (2023·新高考全國英語乙卷) Frm Buddhist temples t museums, narrw hutng ______ ryal palaces, it is hme t mre than 3,000 years f glrius histry even dwn t its layut, with the city keeping its carefully built system f ring rads.
5. (2022·新高考英語全國I卷) Giant pandas als serve an umbrella species (物種), bringing prtectin t a hst f plants and animals in the suthwestern and nrthwestern parts f China.
6. (2022·新高考全國英語甲卷) He flew 4,700 kilmeters ______ Xi’an t Kashgar n Sept. 20, planning t hike back t Xi’an in five mnths.
7. (2022·新高考全國英語乙卷) May 21st this year marks the first Internatinal Tea Day, which was named fficially the United Natins n Nvember 27th, 2019.
8. (2021·新高考全國英語甲卷) It was built riginally t prtect the city ______ the Tang dynasty and has nw been cmpletely restred (修復(fù)).
9. (2021·新高考全國英語乙卷) Due t 65 (the) grwing ppularity f envirnmentally-related and adventure travel, varius types ______ trips are nw being classified as ecturism.
10. (2020·全國新高考英語I卷) Museums must cmpete ______ peple’s spare time and mney with ther amusements.
10. (2020·全國新高考英語III卷) The artist was finally humbled (謙卑) by the greatest artist earth, Mther Nature.
11. (2019·高考英語浙江卷) The answer ______ this questin is nt clear.
12. (2018·高考英語浙江卷) If yu are nt ging t suffer this prblem, then I suggest that the next time yu g t yur mum’s hme ______ dinner, get a few cking tips frm her.
13. (2017·高考英語全國卷I) This trend, which was started by the medical cmmunity (醫(yī)學(xué)界) ______ a methd f fighting heart disease, has had sme unintended side effects such as verweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical cmmunity was trying t fight.
14. (2017·高考英語全國卷Ⅲ) After schl she plans t take a year ff t mdel full-time befre ging t university t get a degree _______ engineering r architecture.
考點03 代詞
1. (2023·新高考全國I卷) Nanxiang aside, the best Xia lng ba have a fine skin, allwing them t be lifted ut f the steamer basket withut allwing them tearing r spilling any f _______ (they) cntents.
2. (2022年全國高考英語乙卷) The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was fficially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremny, pening ______ (it) first exhibitin: The Avenue f Truth—A Special Exhibitin f Pu’er Tea.
3. (2022年新高考全國英語I卷) As the sng ges, this lng and winding rad “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitr’s memry. It sure des in ______ (I).
4. (2021年全國高考英語乙卷) Ecturism has ______ (it) rigin with the envirnmental mvement f the 1970s.
5. (2020·全國卷II) Readers are encuraged t cntinue explring the digital wrld with the guidance f _____ (we) Further Resurces sectin featured in each vlume.
6. (2020·新課標(biāo)全國卷II) ... in the visitr’s memry. It sure des in ______ (I). While yu’re in China, Munt Huangshan is a must t visit!
7. (2020·高考英語全國卷I) Data abut the mn’s cmpsitin, such as hw much ice and ther treasures it cntains, culd help China decide whether _____ (it) plans fr a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.
8. (2020·新高考全國卷I) As well as lking at exhibits, visitrs can play with cmputer simulatins (模擬) and imagine _______ (they) living at a different time in histry r walking thrugh a rainfrest.
9. (2018·高考英語全國卷I) If yu are time pr, yu need run fr nly half the time t get the same benefits as ther sprts, s perhaps we shuld all give _______ a try.
10. (2018·高考英語浙江卷) Many westerners wh cme t China ck much less than in their wn cuntries nce they realize hw cheap _______ can be t eat ut.
11. (2017·高考英語浙江卷) Pahlssn screamed s ludly that her daughter came running frm the huse. “She thught I had hurt _______ (I),” says Pahlssn.
12. (高考英語全國 I ) On my recent visit, I held a lively three-mnth-ld twin that had been rejected by _____ (it) mther.
13. (高考英語全國 I ) A few hurs befre, I’d been at hme in Hng Kng, with _____ (it) chking smg.
II.語篇填空:
閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
(2023上·江蘇泰州·高三姜堰中學(xué)??计谥?In ne club in Beijing, fr example, players enter int a fictinal martial arts schl 1 they wear cstumes and assume rles like a peach fairy r a dragn. The script ffers character backgrunds, relatinships and ptential strylines. The plt develps as the players g arund the table, talking in character, taking clues frm the script and the hst. In the end, they vte n 2 they think the murderer might be.
The whdunits may be imaginary, 3 they prvide a real-wrld alternative fr yung Chinese peple wh spend increasing amunts f time n their screens. The cuntry’s ne billin Internet users spend much f their time n their phnes, 4 (cause) wrries frm the public and the gvernment alike abut t much screen time. The gvernment’s cncerns ver children in particular 5 (lead) it t restrict vide game time fr minrs recently.
The games als prvide free-flwing pprtunities fr yung peple t get tgether, smething 6 can be rare in China, accrding t Kecheng Fang, an assistant prfessr in the Schl f Jurnalism and Cmmunicatin at The Chinese University f Hng Kng. The games prvide “ 7 participatry experience and a way f scializing, which is 8 (miss) frm the life f many Chinese yung peple,” Dr. Fang said. They are 9 (lack) in participatin in civic affairs, cmmunity 10 (engage) and meaningful scializatin.
考點
種類
常見用法
冠詞
不定冠詞 (a / an)
1. 修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù),表示泛指。以元音音素開頭的單詞前需要用an,而以輔音音素開頭的單詞前用a。如:an apple, a banana, an umbrella。
2. 與序數(shù)詞連用,表示再一,又一”。如:Yu can try it a secnd time if yu fail.
3. 固定搭配。如:all f a sudden; as a matter f fact; as a result; as a rule; as a whle; at a distance; in a way。
定冠詞 (the)
1. 表復(fù)指上文提到過的人或物。如:We have a cat and tw dgs. The cat is black and the dgs are white.
2. 表特指說話雙方都知道的人或物。如: Pass me the dictinary, please.
3. 用于比較級前,特指兩個被比較的對象的一個。如:Of the tw brthers, the yunger is mre interesting.
零冠詞
1. 記憶口訣:下列情況應(yīng)免冠,代詞限定名詞前,專有名詞不可數(shù),學(xué)科球類三餐飯,復(fù)數(shù)名詞表泛指,兩節(jié)星期月份前,顏色語種和國名,稱呼習(xí)語及頭銜。
2. 固定搭配。如:lse heart, by chance, in time, catch sight f, in place f。
冠詞的活用
1.抽象名詞或物質(zhì)名詞具體化。如:a surprise 一件意外的事情;a pleasure一個令人快樂的事情。
2. 序數(shù)詞前的冠詞活用。如:Can yu give me a secnd chance, please?
3.表示樂器的名詞前的冠詞活用。如:play the pian;play erhu。
考點
種類
常見用法
介詞
時間介詞
基本介詞
in (表示一天中某段時間,指天、年、月、季節(jié)、周次等), n (表示某一天或星期幾,指明具體的時間), at (表示特定的時間、節(jié)日、年齡), by (…的時候、到、等到…已經(jīng)等,用在天、時間的前面)
難點
1. in 與after的用法區(qū)別:A.介詞in+一段時間用于一般將來時。B.介詞after+一段時間用于一般過去時。C.介詞after +時間點常用于一般將來時。
fr 與since的用法區(qū)別:A.介詞fr表示一段時間。B.介詞since表示從過去某一時間以來。
during與fr的用法區(qū)別:A.當(dāng)所指的時間起止分明時用介詞during。B.如果一段時間不明確則用介詞fr。
befre與by的用法區(qū)別:A.介詞befre表示“在…之前”。B.介詞by表示“到…時為止,不遲于…”。
地點介詞
基本介詞
in, at, n, t
難點
1.at 與in 的用法區(qū)別:at表示較小的地方,如家、村、鄉(xiāng)村等。in表示較大的地方,如大城市、國家、洲等。
2. at與n的用法區(qū)別:at用于門牌號。n用于路名。
3.in, n, t的用法區(qū)別:in表示“包含”,如:Beijing is in the nrth f China. n表示“緊鄰”,如:Canada lies n the nrth f the U.S. t表示“沒接觸”,如:France lies t the suth f England.
方式介詞
基本介詞
with, in, by
難點
in, with, by的用法區(qū)別:in表示“用材料、語言”。如: Can yu say it in English? with表示“用工具、某物”如: with a pen。 by表示“用、以、靠、通過…方法”。如:He prefers traveling by car.
方位介詞
基本介詞
at, in, n, t, beneath, ver, under, abve, belw, in frnt f / in the frnt f / behind, between / amng, ver/acrss/thrugh
難點
1.in, n, at 的用法區(qū)別:in表示“排、行、組”。n表示“左、右”。at表示“前、后”。
2. n, ver, abve的用法區(qū)別:n表示一物放在另一物上面兩者緊貼在一起。ver表示一種垂直懸空的上下關(guān)系,即“在…上方”。介詞abve表示一般的“高于….”,“在…之上”。
3. under與belw的用法區(qū)別:under是ver的反義詞即“在…下方”。belw是abve的反義詞即“低于…” , “在…之下”。
4. acrss, thrugh, ver, past的用法區(qū)別:acrss著重于“從—頭或—邊到另—頭或另—邊”,強調(diào)從表面穿過。thrugh著重于“穿越” ,強調(diào)從一定的空間內(nèi)穿過。ver多表示從“上方越過”。past表示從“面前經(jīng)過” 。
不用介詞的情況
1.當(dāng)表示時間的詞前有this, that時,其前面不用介詞,如:this mrning
2.當(dāng)表示時間的詞前有next時,其前面不用介詞,如: next Sunday
3.當(dāng)表示時間的詞前有l(wèi)ast時,其前面不用介詞,如:last Sunday
4.當(dāng)表示時間的詞前有ne, any, each, every, sme或all時,其前面不用介詞,如:Yu can cme any day.
考點
種類
常見用法
代詞
人稱代詞
主格:I, we, yu, he, she, they, it
賓格:me, us, yu, him, her, them, it
物主代詞
形容性物主代詞:my, ur, yur, his, her, their, its,近年對its考查較多,值得重點關(guān)注。
名詞性物主代詞:mine, urs, yurs, his, hers, theirs, its
反身代詞
形式:myself, urselves, yurself, yurselves, herself, himself, themselves, itself, neself
用法:動詞賓語、介詞賓語、表語、同位語
動詞短語:behave neself, dress neself, enjy neself, express neself;介詞短語:by neself, fr neself, in neself, t neself,這些固定搭配應(yīng)該重點記憶。
不定代詞
all, bth, either, nne, neither, each, any,這里要注意并列連詞的使用,它也是解題的關(guān)鍵。
sme-, any-, n-等+thing, +bdy的合成代詞
many, much, (a) few, (a) little,這里注意所修飾的名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。
the ther, anther, the thers, thers
it用法
1. 做形式主語:It is necessary t repeat the whle thing.
2. 做形式賓語:She made it clear (that) we were nt welcme.
3. 做賓補:I have made it clear that everybdy is nt allwed t smke here.
4. 用于強調(diào)句:It’s Spain that he went t, nt Prtugal. 強調(diào)句型中的it也是考查重點之一。
5. 模糊指代:表示一般情況。指代氣候、天氣、溫度、時間、地點、距離等。
這是一份專題01 冠詞 代詞 介詞,共40頁。試卷主要包含了 用在方位名詞和西洋樂器名詞前, 另外給我一個等內(nèi)容,歡迎下載使用。
這是一份【熱點題型】2024高考英語二輪專題訓(xùn)練之題型歸納+演變 專題01 高頻語法之名詞、代詞、冠詞、介詞與語法填空試卷,文件包含專題01高頻語法之名詞代詞冠詞介詞與語法填空原卷版docx、專題01高頻語法之名詞代詞冠詞介詞與語法填空解析版docx等2份試卷配套教學(xué)資源,其中試卷共98頁, 歡迎下載使用。
這是一份【熱點題型歸納+演變】2024年高考英語專題訓(xùn)練 專題20 語法填空01-試卷,文件包含專題20語法填空01-2024年高考英語二輪熱點題型歸納與變式演練新高考通用原卷版docx、專題20語法填空01-2024年高考英語二輪熱點題型歸納與變式演練新高考通用解析版docx等2份試卷配套教學(xué)資源,其中試卷共36頁, 歡迎下載使用。
注冊成功