Book 4

Unit 10　Money


1．It is easier to get money than to keep it.
掙錢容易攢錢難。
2．Don't put off till tomorrow what should be done today.
今日事，今日畢。
3．Advertising may be described as the science of arresting human intelligence long enough to get money from it.
廣告可被視為一種長(zhǎng)久蒙蔽人類智慧以期從中賺錢的技巧。
4．In the earliest stages of man's development he had no more need of money than animals had.
在人類發(fā)展的早期階段，他并不比動(dòng)物更需要金錢。
自主排查 夯基固本

Ⅰ　核心單詞
(1)motivate (vt.) 使有動(dòng)機(jī)；促使；激發(fā)→motivated (adj.) 積極的，主動(dòng)的→motivation (n.) 動(dòng)機(jī)，積極性→motivational (adj.) 激發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的，動(dòng)機(jī)的
(2)technique (n.) 技術(shù)，技巧→technology (n.) 技術(shù)，科學(xué)技術(shù)→technological (adj.) 技術(shù)的→technologically (adv.) 技術(shù)上
(3)achievement (n.) 成就，完成→achieve (vt.) 實(shí)現(xiàn)，完成→achievable (adj.) 可完成的，可達(dá)到的
(4)exist (vi.) 存在，生存→existence (n.) 存在
(5)variety (n.) 多樣化，多樣性→vary (vt.) 變化→various (adj.) 各種各樣的，多樣的→variously (adv.) 以各種方式；不同地
(6)defeat (vt.) 戰(zhàn)勝，擊敗
(7)determine (vt.) 決定，確定→determined (adj.) 堅(jiān)決的；決定了的→determination (n.) 決定
(8)concern (vt.) 使憂慮；與……相關(guān)→concerned (adj.) 關(guān)心的→concerning (prep.) 關(guān)于
(9)aware (adj.) 知道的，意識(shí)到的→awareness (n.) 知道；認(rèn)識(shí)；意識(shí)；興趣
(10)rude (adj.) 粗魯?shù)模瑹o(wú)禮的→rudely (adv.) 粗魯?shù)兀瑹o(wú)禮地→rudeness (n.) 無(wú)禮，粗魯
(11)bargain (n.& vi.) 便宜貨；討價(jià)還價(jià)
(12)product (n.) 產(chǎn)品，出品→produce (vt.) 生產(chǎn)，制造 (n.) 農(nóng)產(chǎn)品→production (n.) (文化)產(chǎn)品　[U] 產(chǎn)量
(13)enthusiastic (adj.) 熱情的；很感興趣的→enthusiasm (n.) 熱情
(14)clothing (n.) (總稱)衣服→cloth (n.) 布，布料→clothes (n.) 衣服
(15)comment (vt.& vi.) 評(píng)論
(16)amusement (n.) 樂(lè)趣，娛樂(lè)活動(dòng)→amuse (vt.) 使快樂(lè)→amused (adj.) 感到快樂(lè)的→amusing (adj.) 令人快樂(lè)的
(17)appeal (vi.) 吸引，引起興趣；呼吁；懇求→appealing (adj.) 吸引人
(18)contain (vt.) 包含，含有→container (n.) 容器
(19)remove (vt.) 移開(kāi)，挪走→removal (n.) 移動(dòng)，搬遷；除去→remover (n.) 搬運(yùn)工，去除劑
(20)importance (n.) 重要(性)→important (adj.) 重要的
(21)puzzle (vt.) 使困惑→puzzled (adj.) 困惑的，感到困惑的→puzzlement (n.) 疑惑，困惑
(22)advance (vi.) 前進(jìn)，取得進(jìn)展→advanced (adj.) 先進(jìn)的，高級(jí)的→advancement (n.) 促進(jìn)，進(jìn)展
(23)freedom (n.) 自由→free (adj.) 自由的，空閑的，免費(fèi)的→freely (adv.) 自由地
(24)replace (vt.) 代替，取代→replaceable (adj.) 可替代的，可置換的
Ⅱ　閱讀單詞
(1)native (adj.) 出生地的，本土的 (n.) 當(dāng)?shù)厝?，土著?br /> (2)fluently (adv.) 流利地，流暢地→fluent (adj.) 流利的，熟練的→fluency (n.) 流利，流暢
(3)wallet (n.) 錢包，皮夾子→purse (n.) (同義詞)錢包
(4)second－h(huán)and (adj.) 舊的，用過(guò)的，二手的
(5)hardworking (adj.) 勤奮的，努力工作的
(6)pleased (adj.) 滿意的，高興的
(7)drunk (adj.) (酒)醉的→drink (vi.& vt.) 喝酒，喝
(8)greedy (adj.) 貪婪的，貪心的→greed (n.) 貪婪，貪欲→greedily (adv.) 貪婪地，貪心地
(9)cigarette (n.) 香煙→cigar (n.) 雪茄
(10)necklace (n.) 項(xiàng)鏈
(11)ashamed (adj.) 慚愧的，羞愧的
(12)firm (adj.) 穩(wěn)固的，牢固的→firmly (adv.) 穩(wěn)固地，堅(jiān)固地
(13)annoy (vt.) 使煩惱，打攪→annoyance (n.) 煩惱，討厭的事→annoyed (adj.) 煩惱的，氣惱的→annoying (adj.) 令人厭煩的，討厭的
(14)balance (n.) 平衡→balanced (adj.) 平衡的
(15)behave (vi.) 舉止，表現(xiàn)→behavior (n.) 行為，舉止
　[單句語(yǔ)法填空]
1.These youngsters ________ (motivate) not by a desire to achieve, but by fear of failure.
答案：are motivated
2．This country came into ________ (exist) as an independent country after the war.
答案：existence
3．The school has received ________ (variety) grants from the education department.
答案：various
4．Her humour and ________ (determine) were a source of inspiration to others.
答案：determination
5．He is ________ (concern) about how little food I eat.
答案：concerned
6．Hearing the news, she has a ________ (puzzle) look on her face.
答案：puzzled
7．How to improve the quality of ________ (produce) was a difficult problem to him.
答案：products
8．She could not hide her ________ (amuse) at the way he was dancing.
答案：amusement
9．It's a matter of great ________ (important). I would advise you to think carefully.
答案：importance
10．This research has done much ________ (advance) our understanding of language learning.
答案：to advance

聯(lián)想積累
1．n.＋－y構(gòu)成的合成詞
①noise→noisy 喧鬧的，嘈雜的
②cloud→cloudy陰天的
③wind→windy多風(fēng)的
④rain→rainy多雨的
⑤sun→sunny陽(yáng)光充足的
⑥snow→snowy多雪的
⑦luck→lucky 幸運(yùn)的
⑧health→healthy健康的
⑨friend→friendly友好的
⑩love→lovely可愛(ài)的
?day→daily每日的
?fun→funny 滑稽的，有趣的
2．以－tic結(jié)尾的形容詞
①enthusiastic 熱情的，熱心的
②realistic 現(xiàn)實(shí)的，逼真的
③idealistic 理想的，唯心的
④atheistic 無(wú)神論的，無(wú)神論者
⑤dramatic 急劇的，戲劇的

1．put_off　　推遲
2．a(chǎn)t_present 目前；現(xiàn)在
3．be_determined_to_do_sth. 決定做某事
4．be_concerned_about 關(guān)心……
5．be_pleased_with 對(duì)……感到滿意
6．give_away 贈(zèng)送；泄露
7．drop_out 退出，退學(xué)
8．a(chǎn)ppeal to 吸引
9．make a living 謀生
10．what's more 此外，更重要的是
11．go through 穿過(guò)，通過(guò)
12．be associated with 與……有聯(lián)系
13．out of work 失業(yè)
14．in advance 提前
　[選詞填空]
put off， at present， be determined to， be concerned about， what's more， be pleased with， give away， appeal to， go through， be associated with
1．If anything, swimming will ________ her most strongly.
答案：appeal to
2．They ________ move to Liaocheng this summer.
答案：were determined to
3．________， money is a sign of power and status.
答案：What's more
4．I ________ my collection of stamps to the little boy.
答案：gave away
5．When you ________ a crisis, it often helps to talk to someone.
答案：are going through
6．The committee ________ players' behaviour, especially arguing with referees.
答案：is concerned about
7．The item you want is not available ________.
答案：at present
8．He ________ himself for having remembered my name.
答案：was pleased with
9．Please remind everybody that tomorrow's volleyball match ________ because of the heavy rain.
答案：has been put off
10．In the children's minds summer ________ beautiful scenery and picnics.
答案：is associated with
聯(lián)想積累
“be＋adj.＋with”組成的短語(yǔ)
①be pleased with對(duì)……感到滿意
②be happy with 對(duì)……感到滿意
③be familiar with 熟悉……
④be satisfied with 對(duì)……感到滿意
⑤be mad with 對(duì)……生氣
⑥be angry with 生某人的氣
⑦be busy with忙于……
⑧be popular with受……的歡迎
⑨be strict with對(duì)……嚴(yán)格要求
⑩be bored with 對(duì)……感到厭煩
?be good with擅長(zhǎng)；與……相處很好
?be friendly with 與……很友好
?be associated with 與……有聯(lián)系



課文原句
句式梳理
仿寫訓(xùn)練
1.Charles believes that many people want to earn a lot of money so that they will not have any worries.
查爾斯認(rèn)為，很多人想賺很多錢，這樣他們就不會(huì)有任何煩惱。(P8)
主句＋so that＋含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的目的狀語(yǔ)從句
I set up the computer ________________ I could work at home.
我把電腦設(shè)置好，這樣我就可以在家辦公了。
2.Well, if buying a bag of candies or cookies doesn't appeal to you, how about buying a tree instead?
嗯，如果買一包糖果或餅干對(duì)你沒(méi)有吸引力，那買一棵樹(shù)怎么樣？(P12)
本句主句how about相當(dāng)于what about ... ？是征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn)或想法的常用句型
If she doesn't come today, ________________________________？
如果她今天不來(lái)的話，那我們把討論推遲到明天，怎么樣？

答案：1.so that　2.how about putting off the discussion till tomorrow

直擊重點(diǎn) 突破考點(diǎn)

①　motivate vt. 使有動(dòng)機(jī)，促使，激發(fā)(P4)

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空
①The plan is designed ________ (motivate) employees to work more efficiently.
②He admits that he lacks ________ (motivate) and is always unwilling to learn voluntarily.
答案：①to motivate?、趍otivation
(2)單句寫作
The profit-sharing plan is designed _______________________________.
利潤(rùn)分紅計(jì)劃旨在促使員工努力工作。
答案：to motivate the staff to work hard

(1)be motivated by受……的驅(qū)使
motivate sb. to do sth. 激勵(lì)某人做某事
(2)motivation n. 動(dòng)力，積極性；動(dòng)機(jī)
②　defeat vt. 戰(zhàn)勝，擊敗(P6)

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空
①The enemy ________ (defeat) by us at sea.
②The game was over, and our team won the victory, ______ (defeat) the team from another city.
答案：①was defeated　②defeating
(2)單句寫作
To be honest, we ____________________ in any English exams.
說(shuō)實(shí)在的，我們?cè)诟鞣N英語(yǔ)考試中從來(lái)都沒(méi)有擊敗過(guò)他們。
答案：have never defeated them

defeat sb. 擊敗某人
defeat these arguments 駁倒這些論據(jù)

在英語(yǔ)中win所帶的賓語(yǔ)常為game, match, battle之類的詞；而defeat后接的賓語(yǔ)則為sb. 或像team, school之類的參賽者或單位，表示“擊敗某人”“打敗了某個(gè)參賽單位”。
③　determine vt. 決定，確定(P8)

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空
①The amount of available water ________ (determine) the number of houses that can be built.
②Everyone concerned acted with great courage and ________ (determine) in that accident.
答案：①determines　②determination
(2)單句改錯(cuò)
Determining to be an astronaut, he has been studying science very hard.
______________________________________________________________
答案：Determining→Determined

(1)determine on/upon決定，決心
determine to do sth.決定做某事(動(dòng)作)
(2)determined adj. 堅(jiān)定的，堅(jiān)決的
be determined to do sth.決定做某事(狀態(tài))
(3)determination n. 決定，決心
④　concern vt. 使憂慮，與……相關(guān)(P8)

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空
①This is a great event that ________ (concern) the future of our company.
②I am writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with information ________ (concern) the interview.
答案：①concerns?、赾oncerning
(2)單句寫作
____________________， I believe that it is a wise choice.
就我而言，我堅(jiān)信那是一個(gè)明智的選擇。
答案：As far as I am concerned

(1)show/express concern about/for 對(duì)……表示關(guān)心
(2)be concerned about/for 關(guān)心；掛念……
be concerned with/in 與……有關(guān)/參與……
as far as ... be concerned 就……而言
(3)concerning prep. 關(guān)于；有關(guān)
⑤　aware adj. 知道的，意識(shí)到的(P8)

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空
①M(fèi)ost smokers are perfectly aware ________ the dangers of smoking.
②Were you aware ________ something was wrong?
答案：①of?、趖hat
(2)單句寫作
The fact that so many people still smoke in public places suggests that we may need a nationwide campaign to raise __________________ the risks of smoking.
仍然有很多人在公共場(chǎng)所吸煙，這樣的事實(shí)表明我們或許需要一場(chǎng)全國(guó)性的運(yùn)動(dòng)來(lái)提高人們對(duì)吸煙危害的認(rèn)識(shí)。
答案：the awareness of

知道/明白/意識(shí)到……
make sb. aware of sth. 讓某人明白某事
(2)awareness n. 意識(shí)，覺(jué)悟
⑥　contain vt. 包含，含有(P12)

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空
①Whisky ________ (contain) a large percentage of alcohol.
②The proposed changes ________ (contain) in a policy statement.
答案：①contains　②are contained
(2)單句改錯(cuò)
I was so furious that I just couldn't contain me.
______________________________________________________________
答案：me→myself

be contained in/within 包含，含有
contain one's anger 克制憤怒
contain oneself 克制自己
⑦　remove vt. 移開(kāi)，挪走(P12)

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空
①Three children ________ (remove) from school for some reasons.
②The ________ (remove) of these rubbish took me nearly all the afternoon.
答案：①were removed?、趓emoval
(2)單句寫作
Illegally parked vehicles, I think, __________________.
我認(rèn)為非法停放的車輛應(yīng)被拖走。
答案：should be removed

remove from從某地遷離
remove sth. from ... 將某物從……移走
remove sb. from sth.撤銷某人的職務(wù)
⑧　replace vt. 代替，取代(P17)

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空
①The new design ________ (replace) all existing models eventually.
②I'm going to replace my old mobile phone ________ a new Huawei P10.
答案：①will replace?、趙ith
(2)單句寫作
Store shopping will never ________________ online shopping, but they can exist together.
商店購(gòu)物永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)被網(wǎng)絡(luò)購(gòu)物取代，但是二者可以并存。
答案：be replaced by

(1)replace sth. with/by sth. 用某物替換某物
代替某人

①　put off 推遲(P4)

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空
①If it rains hard we will put ________ the school sports meeting to next week.
②We're putting some money ________ for future expenses.
答案：①off?、赼way
(2)單句寫作
Because the preparatory work was not well done, the competition ___________.
由于前期準(zhǔn)備工作做得不好，比賽不得不延期。
答案：had to be put off

put aside 將……放在一邊
put away收起；存錢
put forward提出
put on上演，穿上
put up建造，提供住宿
put up with忍受，容忍
②　out of work 失業(yè)(P7)

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空
Information about the job market can be a lifeline for those who are ________ of work.
答案：out
(2)單句改錯(cuò)
①He has recently been out of a work, so he wants to find something to do.
______________________________________________________________
②I can't go on with my study here, because my father out of work now.
______________________________________________________________
答案：①去掉a?、趂ather后加is

out of 出于……
out of a job失業(yè)
out of breath喘不過(guò)氣來(lái)
out of control 不受控制；失去控制
out of danger 脫險(xiǎn)
out of date 過(guò)時(shí)的
out of place 不恰當(dāng)
③　drop out退出，退學(xué)(P8)

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空
①A few had even ________ (drop) out, but nearly half of these had returned to school.
②The Smiths dropped in ________ some old friends on their vacation trip to New York.
答案：①dropped?、趏n
(2)單句寫作
Since his last defeat, he ________________ politics.
自從他上次失敗了，他就退出了政治。
答案：has dropped out of

drop out of ... 從……中退出
drop in on sb./at some place 順便拜訪某人/某地
drop off下降；讓……下車
drop sb. a line給某人寫短信
④　be pleased with對(duì)……感到滿意(P8)

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空
①We are ________ (please) with our purchases in advance.
②I am very pleased ________ receive your letter of March 10th.
答案：①pleased?、趖o
(2)單句寫作
I ________ by no means ________________ this behaviour.
我對(duì)這種行為一點(diǎn)也不滿意。
答案：am; pleased with

(1)be pleased to do sth.很高興做某事
(2)be satisfied with 對(duì)……感到滿意
be content with 對(duì)……感到滿意
⑤　appeal to 吸引(P12)

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空
①The police appealed ________ the crowd not to panic.
②We made ________ appeal to the villagers for money to build the bridge.
答案：①to?、赼n
(2)單句寫作
The government is appealing ________ more money ________ people suffering from the flood in the southeast.
政府呼吁人們捐贈(zèng)更多的錢以幫助東南部地區(qū)遭受洪災(zāi)的人們。
答案：for; to help

(1)appeal to sb. for sth. 呼吁/懇求某人某事
appeal for sth. 呼吁某事；請(qǐng)求給予某物
appeal to sb. to do sth. 呼吁某人做某事
(2)make an appeal to sb. for sth. 為某事向某人呼吁或請(qǐng)求
make an appeal to sb. to do sth. 呼吁/懇求某人做某事
⑥　what's more 此外，更重要的是(P12)

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空
①He is friendly to us. And ________ is more, he studies very well.
②Worse ________， the rainy weather continued.
答案：①what?、趕till
(2)單句寫作
And ________________， there is the question of cultural advancement of a nation as a whole.
而且，還有整個(gè)民族的文化水平提高的問(wèn)題。
答案：what's more

what's worse 更糟的是
worse still 更糟的是
in addition另外，還有
⑦　go through 經(jīng)歷；穿過(guò)，通過(guò)；查看(P14)

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空
①He went ________ all kinds of hardships in the old society.
②I tried calling you several times but I couldn't get ________.
答案：①through?、趖hrough
(2)單句寫作
I always start the day by ________________ my e-mail.
我每天第一件事就是查看電子郵件。
答案：going through

look through 瀏覽
pass through 通過(guò)，穿過(guò)
get through 接通(電話)，進(jìn)行到底
push through 擠過(guò)
see through 看穿，看透
⑧　be associated with與……有聯(lián)系(P18)

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空
①These symptoms are particularly associated ________ migraine headaches.
②He no longer wished to ________ (associate) with the party's policy on education.
答案：①with　②be associated
(2)單句寫作
I always associate the smell of those flowers ______________________.
我一聞到那些花的香味，就想起我的童年。
答案：with my childhood

與……相聯(lián)系/相關(guān)

①　[教材原句]The more you use English, the more you will want to learn it.
你英語(yǔ)使用得越多，就想更多地學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。(P4)

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空
①The more learned a man is, the ________ modest he usually is.
②The old man told us that ________ busier he was, the happier he felt.
答案：①more　②the
(2)單句寫作
The harder you work, ______________________.
你越努力學(xué)習(xí)，你取得的進(jìn)步就越大。
答案：the greater progress you'll make

句型：the＋形容詞比較級(jí)＋從句，the＋形容詞比較級(jí)＋主句
②　[教材原句]There are certainly no signs that Charles was a rich man!
確實(shí)沒(méi)有跡象表明查爾斯是個(gè)有錢人！(P8)

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空
①I have no idea ________ she has gone to Shanghai.
②The young man offered us a suggestion ________ we should prepare three questions well.
答案：①that?、趖hat
(2)單句寫作
The text tells us the fact ________________ to people's health.
這篇文章告訴我們吸煙對(duì)人們的健康有很大的危害。
答案：that smoking does great harm

that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句

引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句的連接詞除了that外，還有whether, what, when, where, why, who, how等。能跟同位語(yǔ)從句的名詞常見(jiàn)的有：news, idea, word, fact, hope, doubt, belief, possibility, problem, question, thought, promise, information, message, decision, answer, reply, sign等。
③　[教材原句]He made the choice to give all his money away.
他決定把所有的錢都捐出去。(P8)

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空
①If a student makes a decision ________ (serve) the people, he/she should catch any possible opportunity to improve himself/herself.
②He is not a man ________ (bow) before difficulties.
答案：①to serve　②to bow
(2)單句寫作
He has made a daring choice ________________ his present job to look for his favourite one.
他大膽放棄了現(xiàn)在的工作去尋找他最喜歡的工作。
答案：to give up

不定式作后置定語(yǔ)

不定式在句中既可作定語(yǔ)，也可作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)和獨(dú)立成分。
④　[教材原句]If so, it is time for you to think again.
如果是這樣的話，現(xiàn)在是你重新思考的時(shí)候了。(P12)

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空
①People in the back row may not hear clearly. If ________， I'll just have to speak louder.
②If they arrive before I leave, well and good. If ________， the responsibility will be mine.
答案：①so?、趎ot
(2)單句寫作
Problems, __________， should be solved without delay.
有問(wèn)題要及時(shí)解決，不要拖延。
答案：if any

if＋so/not/any/ever ... 省略句，是If it is so/not/any/ever ... 結(jié)構(gòu)的省略
⑤　[教材原句]To be a part of this exciting event, all you need to do is enter your favourite advertisement.
要成為這個(gè)激動(dòng)人心的事件的一部分，你需要做的就是投入到你最喜歡的廣告中去。 (P19)

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空
①________ (make) progress in your studies, what you should do is ________ (remember) our teachers' words and study hard.
②You should bring something you need ________ (use) with you and wait at the school gate at 8：00.
答案：①To make; remember　②to use
(2)單句寫作
________________， all you need to do is ______________________.
為了更好地生活，你需要做的就是找一份高收入的工作。
答案：To live a better life; find a well-paid job

本句型中有三個(gè)不定式(短語(yǔ))，位于句首的不定式(短語(yǔ))作目的狀語(yǔ)；第二個(gè)不定式(短語(yǔ))是作動(dòng)詞need的賓語(yǔ)；第三個(gè)不定式，是省略to的不定式，作表語(yǔ)。
課文回練 升華運(yùn)用
根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
A lot of people, who spend half their time __1__ (dream) up ways to become rich, are determined __2__ (become) a millionaire. In fact, even if some of them get rich, they are not content __3__ their life at all. __4__， Charles Gray isn't such a person. Charles, who used to be a college professor with a huge six－bedroom house, lives in a small dormitory room __5__ there is only old furniture. He felt happy to give up the lifestyle of a rich man, __6__ (get) clothes or other things from charity shops. A few __7__ (year) ago, Charles became aware that there were a lot of people who were lacking in food, so he __8__ (donate) all his money to charities. In Charles' opinion, most people never make much money; __9__ (have) only a little money makes one __10__ (happy).
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________　6.________　7.________　8.________　9.________　10.________
答案：1.dreaming　2.to become　 3.with　4.However　5.where　6.getting　7.years　8.donated　9.having　10.happier
基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo) 自主訓(xùn)練
Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空
1．My dream is ________ (be) a scientist when I grow up.
答案：to be　句意：我的夢(mèng)想是長(zhǎng)大后當(dāng)一名科學(xué)家。應(yīng)該用不定式作表語(yǔ)。
2．He allocated ________ of us a task.
答案：each　each “每一個(gè)”，在句中作賓語(yǔ)。
3．________ (pass) this driving test, he is practicing the car on the track.
答案：To pass　根據(jù)句意可知，“為了通過(guò)這次駕照考試，他正在賽道上練車”，用不定式表目的。
4．I was only two minutes late but they'd ________ left.
答案：all　all “所有人”，在句中作同位語(yǔ)。
5．Take one of the two books on the table—________ of them will do.
答案：either　either “(兩者中)任一個(gè)”，在句中作主語(yǔ)。
6．Because of ________ (give) away the secret of the business, he was punished by his company.
答案：giving　作介詞of的賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)該用動(dòng)名詞。
7．Employers showed little ________ (enthusiastic) for the new regulations.
答案：enthusiasm　根據(jù)句意可知，作動(dòng)詞show的賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)該用名詞。
8．Though reminded many times, he was not aware ________ his mistakes.
答案：of　本句中be aware of是固定搭配，意為“意識(shí)到”。
9．You will be sorry for this ________ day.
答案：some　some有時(shí)和單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞連用，表示“某個(gè)”，相當(dāng)于certain。
10．________ (produce) of computers has increased double in the last few weeks.
答案：Production　根據(jù)句意可知，表示“電腦產(chǎn)量”應(yīng)該用production。
Ⅱ.單句寫作
1．We managed to recover ______________________________ (幾件丟失的東西)．
答案：several of the missing articles
2．They hurried to the station that afternoon, ________________________ (結(jié)果被告知他們的朋友已經(jīng)離開(kāi)了)．
答案：only to be told that their friends had gone
3．The chairman of the meeting didn't turn up for some reason, so the meeting had to ________________.
會(huì)議主席因某種原因沒(méi)有到，因此會(huì)議不得不推遲。
答案：be put off
4．______________________________________________________________
隨著成員搬走或退出，這個(gè)團(tuán)體的規(guī)模變小了。
答案：The group gets smaller as members move away or drop out.
5．______________________________________________________________
只有少數(shù)幾個(gè)申請(qǐng)者合適。
答案：Only a few of the people who applied were suitable.
Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空
(2020·陜西省百校聯(lián)盟TOP20聯(lián)考)Some historians say that silk originated in China about 10,000 years ago. In China, however, legend __1__ (have) it that Empress Si Ling Chi of China was the first one __2__ (discover) silk more than five thousand years ago. The story goes __3__ while sitting under a mulberry (桑樹(shù)) tree in her palace garden, the Empress was having tea. A cocoon fell into her hot cup of tea from the branches of the mulberry tree. And as she watched, a strong white thread spread gradually.
For more than two thousand years, the Chinese kept the secret of silk to themselves. Anyone found guilty of smuggling (偷運(yùn)) silkworm eggs, cocoons, or mulberry seeds was put to __4__ (die). Silk became the cloth of emperors and royalty and a great source of wealth. But common people were prohibited __5__ wearing silk. Silk was gathered and kept in warehouses for __6__ emergency.
The Chinese used silk in many ways. Civil servants __7__ (pay) in quantities of silk, and it was a way for the rulers to reward their citizens. Silk was also used as currency in domestic as well as foreign trade. Chinese traders exchanged their silk in return for spices and jewels __8__ (buy) in India.
Later, people from different parts of society began wearing silk clothes, and __9__ (surprise) silk came into __10__ (much) general use than before.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________
5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________
9．________　10.________
篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹有關(guān)絲綢起源的傳說(shuō)、用途以及后期的發(fā)展。
1．has　考查主謂一致和時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)后一句的goes，再結(jié)合主語(yǔ)是legend，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填has。legend has it that是固定句型，可譯為“傳說(shuō)是這樣的……”。
2．to discover　考查不定式。此處用不定式充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)修飾前面的the first one。故填to discover。
3．that　考查連接詞。此處引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明前面的名詞legend。
4．death　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。空前的to是介詞，此處要用名詞形式。故填death。
5．from　考查介詞。此處是短語(yǔ)prohibit ... from ... (禁止……)的固定搭配。故填from。
6．a(chǎn)n　考查冠詞?？蘸蟮拿~emergency是可數(shù)名詞，并且詞首字母發(fā)元音。故填不定冠詞an。
7．were paid　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。此處主語(yǔ)servants與動(dòng)詞pay構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，再結(jié)合前后句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)為過(guò)去式可知，此處要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)形式。故填were paid。
8．bought　考查過(guò)去分詞。此處用過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，修飾前面的名詞spices and jewels。故填bought。
9．surprisingly　考查副詞。此處修飾后面的句子silk came ...，要用副詞形式。故填surprisingly。
10．more　考查形容詞比較級(jí)。根據(jù)后面的連詞than可知，此處要用比較級(jí)形式。故填more。
Ⅳ.短文改錯(cuò)
(2019·甘肅省靜寧一中高三一模)There is too many people and too many pollution on the earth. If we moved to the moon one day, how would life be like there?
In my opinion, life would be much more comfort on the moon than on the earth. There wouldn't be pollution or traffic jam. We could go wherever we like in one minute by the spaceship, which would be much fast than a train or an airplane. We would eat whatever you like without being concerned unhealthy ingredients. This is a place where I am always dreaming about.
答案：
There too many people and too pollution on the earth. If we moved to the moon one day， would life be like there?
In my opinion, life would be much more on the moon than on the earth. There wouldn't be pollution or traffic . We could go wherever we like in one minute by spaceship, which would be much than a train or an airplane. We would eat whatever like without being concerned unhealthy ingredients. This is a place / I am always dreaming about.
難項(xiàng)分析：
第二處：many→much　考查限定詞。句意：地球上有太多的人和過(guò)多的污染。pollution為不可數(shù)名詞，故用much修飾。
第八處：you→we　考查人稱代詞。句意：我們可以吃想吃的東西，而不用擔(dān)心不健康的原材料。分析句子可知，本句主語(yǔ)為we，故用第一人稱we。
第十處：where→which/that或去掉where　考查定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。句意：這是一個(gè)我一直夢(mèng)想著要去的地方。分析句子可知，從句中，about缺少賓語(yǔ)，故用關(guān)系代詞which/that；由于關(guān)系代詞作賓語(yǔ)，故也可以省略。

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