Unit 20　New Frontiers


1.With the development of science and technology, more and more intelligent robots are being used in industrial fields.
隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展，越來(lái)越多的智能機(jī)器人正在被應(yīng)用于工業(yè)領(lǐng)域。
2.Acquiring knowledge needs thinking again and again, which is a learning method helping me become a scientist.
獲得知識(shí)需要反復(fù)思考，我就是靠這個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)方法成為科學(xué)家的。
3.I believe he is an honourable man, dedicated_to the people and his union.
我認(rèn)為他是個(gè)品行高潔的人，一心奉獻(xiàn)于人民和工會(huì)的事業(yè)。
4.No matter what happens to us in the future, every day when we are together is the greatest day of my life.
無(wú)論未來(lái)會(huì)如何，我們?cè)谝黄鸬拿恳惶於际俏胰松凶顬檩x煌的日子。
自主排查 夯基固本

Ⅰ　核心單詞
(1)assist (v.) 幫助；協(xié)助→assistance (n.) 幫助；協(xié)助→assistant (n.) 助手；助理
(2)technical (adj.) 技術(shù)上的→technique (n.) 技術(shù)，技巧→technology (n.) 工藝；科技
(3)latter (adj.) 后者的；后面的→late (adj.) 遲的；晚的；遲到的→lately (adv.) 不久前；近來(lái)→latest (adj.) 最新的；最近的
(4)shortly (adv.) 不久，很快
(5)update (vt.& n．) 更新
(6)worn (adj.) 磨損的→ wear (vt.) 穿，佩戴；磨損；留(發(fā))
(7)starvation (n.) 饑餓→starve (v.) 饑餓
(8)conflict (n.) 爭(zhēng)執(zhí)，沖突
(9)equality (n.) 平等 →equal (adj.) 平等的 (vt.) 等于；比得上 (n.) 對(duì)手；相等的事物→equally (adv.) 平等地
(10)assess (vt.) 評(píng)價(jià)；評(píng)估→assessment (n.) 評(píng)價(jià)；評(píng)估
(11)electronic (adj.) 電子的→electric (adj.) 電動(dòng)的，帶電的→electricity (n.) 電，電學(xué)→electrician (n.) 電氣技師；電工
(12)specialist (n.) 專(zhuān)家→special (adj.) 專(zhuān)門(mén)的；特設(shè)的→specially (adv.) 特別地
(13)official (n.) 官員→office (n.) 辦公室
(14)rescue (vt.) 拯救，救援→rescuer (n.) 救助者
(15)original (adj.) 有獨(dú)創(chuàng)性的，新穎的→originate (vt.) 引起 (vi.) 起源；發(fā)源→originally (adv.) 最初， 原先→origination (n.) 發(fā)源；起源
(16)operate (vt.& vi.) 工作，運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，操作→operation (n.) 手術(shù)，操作→operational (adj.) 操作的；運(yùn)作的
(17)instructor (n.) 指導(dǎo)者；教練→instruct (v.) 教導(dǎo)，指導(dǎo)
(18)donate (vt.) 捐贈(zèng)；贈(zèng)送→donation (n.) 捐贈(zèng)；贈(zèng)送→donator (n.) 捐贈(zèng)者；贈(zèng)送者
(19)correspond (vi.) 通信；符合，一致→correspondent (n.) 通訊記者，通信者→corresponding (adj.) 相應(yīng)的
(20)exploration (n.) 探測(cè)；探險(xiǎn)→explore (vt.) 探測(cè)；探險(xiǎn)
(21)permanent (adj.) 永久的→permanence (n.) 永久
(22)permit (vt.) 允許；準(zhǔn)許；許可→permit (n.) 許可證→permission (n.) 允許；準(zhǔn)許；許可
(23)declare (vt.) 宣告，宣布→declaration (n.) 宣布，宣言，申報(bào)→declarer (n.) 宣告者；申報(bào)者
(24)poisonous (adj.) 有毒的→poison (n.) 毒藥；毒物
Ⅱ　閱讀單詞
(1)mass (n.) 質(zhì)量 (adj.) 大量的→massive (adj.) 大量的；可觀的；巨大的
(2)radiation (n.) 放射，輻射→radioactive (adj.) 放射性的
(3)crew (n.) 全體機(jī)組人員
(4)recreation (n.) 消遣；娛樂(lè)
(5)click (v.) 點(diǎn)擊
(6)handy (adj.) 手邊的；方便使用的→hand (n.) 手
(7)download (vt.) 下載→upload (vt.) 上傳
(8)stainless (adj.) 無(wú)污跡的；無(wú)瑕疵的；不生銹的→stain (n.) 污點(diǎn)；污跡
(9)discriminate (v.) 區(qū)別，辨別；歧視→discrimination (n.) 歧視，識(shí)別力
(10)dawn (n.) 開(kāi)端；黎明
(11)digital (adj.) 數(shù)字的
(12)colleague (n.) 同事，同僚
(13)dilemma (n.) 左右為難，進(jìn)退兩難的困境
(14)split (v.) 分開(kāi)，分離
(15)outspoken (adj.) 直言的，坦率的
(16)outcome (n.) 結(jié)果，后果
　[單句語(yǔ)法填空]
1.The manager put forward a suggestion that we should have an ________ (assist). There is too much work to do.
答案：assistant
2.If humans can feel an ________ (emotion) tie with robots, some day they could be not just our assistants, but also our companions.
答案：emotional
3.Leaving aside the birth rate issue, India's economy may take off when the country achieves ________ (equal) of educational opportunity.
答案：equality
4.82% of the ________ (participate) regard lucky money as one of the most important traditional customs, representing good wishes from the elderly to the new generation.
答案：participants
5.If you think that treating a woman well means always getting her ________ (permit) for things, think again.
答案：permission
6.I don't think the risk they took of catching the ________ (poison) snake is worthwhile.
答案：poisonous
7.Little Jerry was interested in stories about undersea ________ (explore), so he gave all his pocket money to his brother in exchange for the novels based on such stories.
答案：exploration
8.Always keep a first-aid kit ________ (hand).
答案：handy
9.To help these fruits ________ (ripe) faster, keep them on the counter for 2 to 5 days.
答案：ripen
10.I was so nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes later, the ________ (instruct) asked me to stop the car.
答案：instructor
聯(lián)想積累
1.后綴-ant的名詞家族展
①participant 參加者
②accountant 會(huì)計(jì)
③applicant 申請(qǐng)人
④immigrant 移民
⑤merchant 商人
⑥servant 仆人
⑦giant 巨人
2.后綴-ure構(gòu)成的名詞一覽
①procedure 程序，步驟
②departure 離開(kāi)，出發(fā)
③pressure 壓力，壓
④exposure 暴露，揭露
⑤sculpture 雕刻品
⑥disclosure 揭露
⑦moisture 潮氣，濕氣
⑧temperature 溫度
⑨creature 動(dòng)物，生物
⑩adventure 冒險(xiǎn)；奇遇
?furniture 家具(總稱(chēng))
?agriculture 農(nóng)業(yè)；農(nóng)學(xué)

1.look_into　　　　　　向里看，調(diào)查
2.be_based_on 以……為基礎(chǔ)
3.in_peace 平靜地，安寧地
4.carry_out 執(zhí)行，開(kāi)展
5.link ... to ... 把……與……聯(lián)系起來(lái)
6.in advance 預(yù)先，提前
7.shortly after 不久后
8.give away 泄露(秘密)；贈(zèng)送
9.take over 接管，接收
10.not to mention 更不用說(shuō)
　[單句寫(xiě)作]
1.John D. Rockefeller earned a great fortune and he ____________ (贈(zèng)送) much money.
答案：gave away
2.I'll ____________ (調(diào)查) it and see what I can find out.
答案：look into
3.Let's hope they don't create an appliance which wants to ____________ (接管) the world！
答案：take over
4.She spent the whole weekend ____________ (努力解決) the problem.
答案：wrestling with
5.Probably the most important aspect of a presentation is what you do ____________ (提前).
答案：in advance
6.We must try to live ____________ (和平地) and harmony with ourselves and those around us.
答案：in peace
7.Lots of periodicals in foreign languages have been subscribed to, ________________(更不要說(shuō)) those in Chinese.
答案：not to mention
8.Many previous studies on this topic ________ parenthood ________ (把……與……聯(lián)系起來(lái)) unhappy marriages, lower life satisfaction and even depression.
答案：linked; to
9.Theory ________________ (以……為基礎(chǔ)) practice and in turn serves practice.
答案：is based on
10.______________ (不久) coming back from the hospital，Tom gave up smoking.
答案：Shortly after
聯(lián)想積累
與give相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)
①give away 捐贈(zèng)；贈(zèng)送；出賣(mài)；泄露
②give way to 給……讓路
③give in 投降；屈服；讓步；呈送
④give in to 對(duì)……屈服
⑤give off 發(fā)出(熱、光等)；散發(fā)出(氣味等)
⑥give out 分發(fā)；發(fā)出(氣味、熱等)；宣布；用盡
⑦give up 放棄
聯(lián)想積累
⑧give birth to 生下
⑨give back 歸還
⑩give ... a call/ring 給……打電話

課文原句
句式梳理
仿寫(xiě)訓(xùn)練
1. ... will have made it theoretically possible for us to live for at least 150 years.……將能夠在理論上使人類(lèi)至少活到150歲。(P20)
make/find/feel/think it＋n./adj. to do sth.句型，it作形式賓語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞不定式是真正的賓語(yǔ)
We all ______________ for us ______________.
我們都認(rèn)為掌握英語(yǔ)是很有必要的。
2.By the middle of the century, computers that are millions of times smarter than us will have been developed.
到本世紀(jì)中葉，比我們聰明幾百萬(wàn)倍的電腦將被研制出來(lái)。(P20)
倍數(shù)＋形容詞/副詞比較級(jí)＋than＋比較對(duì)象
The dictionary is exactly ______________________ that one.
這本字典的價(jià)格恰好是那本的5倍。

答案：1.believe it necessary; to master English　2.five times more expensive than
直擊重點(diǎn) 突破考點(diǎn)

①　assist vt. 幫助；協(xié)助(P19)

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空
①Anyone willing ________ (assist) can contact me by e-mail.
②My ________ (assist) will now demonstrate how the machine works.
③Despite his cries, no one came to his ________ (assist).
答案：①to assist?、赼ssistant?、踑ssistance
(2)單句改錯(cuò)
①With the assist of his brother, he sold one painting.
______________________________________________________________
②We will assist you on finding somewhere to live.
______________________________________________________________
答案：①assist→assistance?、趏n→in

(1)assist sb. with sth. 在某事上幫助某人
assist sb. in doing sth. 幫助某人做某事
(2)assistance n. 幫助
with the assistance of 在……幫助下
come to one's assistance 幫助某人
give assistance to sb. 給予某人幫助
(3)assistant adj. 協(xié)助的；助理的 n. 助手；助理

動(dòng)詞help和assist的含義往往相同，但assist較正式，而且總是暗示被幫助者自己也在做一部分工作，若某人處于困境，你幫助他用help，而不說(shuō)assist。
②　conflict n. 爭(zhēng)執(zhí)；沖突　vi. 沖突；爭(zhēng)執(zhí)；抵觸(P20)

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空
①Your emotions may come into conflict ________ your conscious will.
②The two political parties have been ________ conflict since the election.
③Their opinion on the accident ________ (conflict) with ours.
答案：①with?、趇n?、踓onflicted
(2)單句寫(xiě)作
①What is lacking today is ________________ (……和……之間的沖突) adolescents' desire for autonomy and their understanding of an unsafe world.
②You should avoid ____________ (與……發(fā)生沖突) your neighbors.
答案：①the conflict between?、赾onflicting with

A和B相沖突/抵觸
與……沖突/爭(zhēng)執(zhí)
in conflict 處于沖突/矛盾中
a conflict between A and B　A和B之間的矛盾
③　assess vt. 評(píng)價(jià)；評(píng)估；評(píng)判；評(píng)定(P20)

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空
①They need to take into account the extent of firms' data assets (資產(chǎn)) when ________ (assess) the impact of deals.
②The regular use of ________ (assess) makes students pay more attention to their studies.
答案：①assessing?、赼ssessment
(2)單句寫(xiě)作
He ________________ (被評(píng)為) the most promising shooting athlete in China last week.
答案：was assessed as

(1)assess sb./sth. as ... 把某人/某物評(píng)定為……
assess sth. at ... 把某物估價(jià)為……
(2)assessment n. 評(píng)估；評(píng)價(jià)；考核
make an assessment 作出評(píng)估
(3)assessable adj. 可估價(jià)的
[巧學(xué)助記](méi)
We are trying to assess how well the system works and the assessment will be submitted to the committee.
我們正設(shè)法評(píng)估這個(gè)系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行是否順暢，評(píng)估結(jié)果將被提交給委員會(huì)。
④　rescue vt.& n. 營(yíng)救；拯救；救援(P23)

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空
①Helicopters ________ (rescue) nearly 20 people from the roof of the burning building.
②Jazzy was pulled out of the shelter and ________ (rescue) got busy working on a plan to ensure that Jazzy would get treatment.
答案：①rescued?、趓escuers
(2)單句寫(xiě)作
①I(mǎi) got __________________ (一個(gè)救援電話) from a woman in Muttontown. She had found a young owl (貓頭鷹) on the ground.
②The lifeguard ________________ (來(lái)援救她), otherwise she might have drowned.
答案：①a rescue call?、赾ame to her rescue

(1)rescue sb./sth. from sth. 從……中營(yíng)救……
(2)go/come to one's rescue 去/來(lái)援救某人
rescue workers/boats救援人員/船只
(3)rescuer n. 救助者；救星；援救者
⑤　donate vt. 捐贈(zèng)；贈(zèng)送；捐獻(xiàn)(器官)(P24)

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空
①I(mǎi)'d like to make a small ________ (donate) in my mother's name.
②The appeal to people to ________ blood was very successful, attracting many ________. (donate)
③She donates money ________ the Red Cross every year.
答案：①donation?、赿onate; donors?、踭o
(2)單句寫(xiě)作
①____________________ is very glorious.
獻(xiàn)血是非常光榮的。
②If most breadwinners __________________ the Project Hope, then it will be hopeful.
如果大多數(shù)供養(yǎng)家庭的人把一天的工資捐給希望工程的話，事情就很有希望了。
答案：①Donating blood?、赿onate a day's pay to

(1)donate sth.to sb. 把某物捐贈(zèng)給某人
(2)donation n. 捐贈(zèng)；捐贈(zèng)物
give/make/present a donation to/towards ... 向……捐贈(zèng)
collect donations for ... 為……募捐
(3)donor n. 捐贈(zèng)者；捐贈(zèng)機(jī)構(gòu)
⑥　correspond vi. 與……通信；相當(dāng)于；符合；相一致(P24)

單句語(yǔ)法填空
①I(mǎi)n conclusion, according to the study in 6 out of 10 patients, all symptoms corresponded ________ what the researchers had expected.
②The biggest problem for Taylor is working out how to deal with the ________ (correspond).
③The difference between the mobile phone and the fixed-line phone is that a mobile number ________ (correspond) to a person, while a fixed-line phone goes to a place.
④Investment in the subway will bring a ________ (correspond) improvement in services.
答案：①to/with?、赾orrespondence?、踓orresponds
④corresponding

(1)correspond with sb. 和某人通信
correspond to/with 和……一致
(2)correspondence n. 通信；相符；一致
keep up a correspondence with sb. 與某人(保持)通信聯(lián)系
in correspondence with 與……一致；與……有通信聯(lián)系
(3)correspondent n. 記者；通信者
(4)corresponding adj. 符合的，相應(yīng)的，相關(guān)的
⑦　cure vt. 治愈；治好　n. 療法；治療(P25)

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空
①Although this medicine can cure you ________ your illness, it has a bad effect on you.
②No one has found a cure ________ the cold so far.
答案：①of?、趂or
(2)單句寫(xiě)作
①Parents try to ________ their children ________ (矯正) bad habits.
②TB is a serious illness, but it ____________ (可以被治愈).
答案：①cure; of?、赾an be cured

(1)cure sb. of sth. 治好某人的?。怀C正某人的不良行為
(2)a cure for sth. 某疾病的治療方法

cure意為“治愈，治好”，可直接跟人或疾病作賓語(yǔ)；也用于指不良習(xí)慣的糾正、矯正等，常用cure sb. of sth.結(jié)構(gòu)，強(qiáng)調(diào)治療結(jié)果。 treat只指治病，不涉及治療的效果如何。其賓語(yǔ)可以是人也可以是??；常用treat sb. for sth.結(jié)構(gòu)，它強(qiáng)調(diào)“治療”這一動(dòng)作。
⑧　permit vt.& vi. 允許；準(zhǔn)許；許可　n. 許可；準(zhǔn)許；許可證；通行證(P27)

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空
①The government has already permitted the company ________ (use) special materials to make it easier for the vehicle to fly.
②She had asked the government for ________ (permit) to move the books to a safe place, but they refused.
③Italy is the latest Western European country trying to control a growing immigrant (移民) population by demanding language skills in exchange for work ________ (permit), or in some cases, citizenship.
答案：①to use?、趐ermission?、踦ermits
(2)單句改錯(cuò)
①No pets except fish are permit in student rooms.
______________________________________________________________
②He permitted to retake the test, and I pulled my grade to an A.
______________________________________________________________
答案：①permit→permitted?、趐ermitted后加me

(1)permit sb. to do sth. 允許某人做某事
permit doing sth. 允許做某事
(2)permission n. 許可，準(zhǔn)許
ask/get/obtain one's permission 征得某人的同意/許可
give permission 給予許可；準(zhǔn)許
without (one's) permission 未經(jīng)許可

permit后不能直接跟不定式，但應(yīng)注意可以有be permitted to do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)。與permit一樣，后面直接跟動(dòng)名詞或跟不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞還有：allow, forbid, advise等。
⑨　declare vt. 宣布；宣告；聲明；斷言(P28)

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空
①Scientists have decided to declare war ________ AIDS in order to make a breakthrough in treating it.
②Several boys were crowding around Chad, who declared with a proud smile ________ he sold six dozen the day before.
③July 4th, the Independence Day is the national holiday to celebrate the anniversary of their ________ (declare) of independence from Britain.
答案：①on?、趖hat?、踕eclaration
(2)單句寫(xiě)作
In September 1939, Britain ____________ (宣戰(zhàn)) on Germany after Germany invaded Poland.
答案：declared war

(1)declare sth. 宣布某事
declare that ... 宣布/宣告……
declare for/against 聲明贊成/反對(duì)
declare war on 向……宣戰(zhàn)
declare ... to be ... 宣布……是……
declare sth. open/closed 宣布某事開(kāi)始/結(jié)束
(2)declaration n. 宣布；宣告

①　in advance 提前；預(yù)先(P22)

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空
By this time, the disease was too ________ (advance) to be treated.
答案：advanced
(2)單句寫(xiě)作
①Tourists are required to make reservations ______________ (提前) to go on Holiday Lights Tour.
②When you are at your ____________________ (上歲數(shù)), I will cut your nails and help you remove your annoying white hairs.
答案：①in advance?、赼dvanced years/age

(1)in advance of 在……前面；超前……
(2)advance on/towards 朝……前進(jìn)
(3)advanced adj. 高級(jí)的；先進(jìn)的；晚期的
advanced years/age 年老的，年事已高的
②　take over 接管；接收；接任(P23)

單句寫(xiě)作
①Would you like me to ____________ (接管) the driving for a while？
②His slow verbal development made him curious about ordinary things, such as space and time which most adults ________________ (認(rèn)為……理所當(dāng)然).
③Yao Ming is very famous now. However, his basketball career ____________ (成功) only after many years of hard work.
④—What do you think of my sofa？
—Well, great! But don't you think it will ____________ (占據(jù)) too much space？
答案：①take over?、趖ook for granted?、踭ook off
④take up

take ... for ... 當(dāng)作；誤當(dāng)作
take ... for granted 認(rèn)為……理所當(dāng)然
take in 吸收，攝??；理解，領(lǐng)會(huì)，欺騙
take off 起飛；脫掉；休假；(突然)開(kāi)始成功
take on 呈現(xiàn)；承擔(dān)；雇用
take out 拿出，取出；除去
take part in 參加
take away 拿走，帶走；移去；消除
take apart 拆開(kāi)，拆卸
take back 退貨；收回
take down 拿下，取下；記下
take to 喜歡上……；養(yǎng)成……的習(xí)慣
take up 開(kāi)始從事；著手處理；占據(jù)；拿起
Take it easy. 別緊張。/別著急。/慢慢來(lái)。

①　[教材原句]The seminar starts on Friday and the experts will be discussing the endless possibilities of the future.
會(huì)議于星期五開(kāi)始，專(zhuān)家們將會(huì)討論未來(lái)的無(wú)數(shù)個(gè)可能。(P20)

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空
Jane can't attend the meeting at 3 o'clock this afternoon because she ________ (give) a lesson at that time.
答案：will be giving
(2)單句改錯(cuò)
①I(mǎi)f you don't write, they will be wondered what has happened to you.
______________________________________________________________
②Daniel's family will enjoying their holiday in New York this time next week.
______________________________________________________________
答案：①wondered→wondering?、趙ill后加be


②　[教材原句]By the year 2030, development in biochemistry and medical science will have made it theoretically possible for us to live for at least 150 years.
到2030年生物化學(xué)和醫(yī)學(xué)的發(fā)展將能夠在理論上使人類(lèi)壽命延長(zhǎng)到至少150歲。(P20)

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空
①He ________ (read) about 40 pages of the book by now.
②By the time the doctor arrived at the spot, the patient ________ (die).
③By the end of next month, Mary ________ (finish) her study in China.
答案：①has read?、趆ad died?、踳ill have finished
(2)單句寫(xiě)作
By the time the English teacher came in, we __________________ English.
在英語(yǔ)老師進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)，我們就已經(jīng)開(kāi)始練習(xí)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)了。
答案：had started practicing speaking

句中by the year 2030，意為“到2030年”?！癰y＋時(shí)間點(diǎn)”，常在句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。
(1)“by＋現(xiàn)在的時(shí)間”作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，句子謂語(yǔ)一般用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
(2)“by＋過(guò)去的時(shí)間”作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，句子謂語(yǔ)一般用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。
(3)“by＋將來(lái)的時(shí)間”作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，句子謂語(yǔ)一般用將來(lái)完成時(shí)。
③　[教材原句]There is no doubt about it.
關(guān)于這一點(diǎn)是毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)的。(P25)

(1)單句語(yǔ)法填空
①There is no doubt ________ his coming to our rescue.
②There is no doubt ________ the way we use memory is changing.
③There is some doubt ________ John will come on time.
④Is there any doubt ________ some western countries are on decline？
⑤I doubt ________ he gave away the secret.
答案：①about?、趖hat?、踳hether?、躷hat?、輜hether/if
(2)單句改錯(cuò)
①There is some doubt that the young man can undertake such an important task.
______________________________________________________________
②Is there any doubt if the evidence available is favorable for us？
______________________________________________________________
③As far as I can see, there is no doubt he will win the tennis match this time.
______________________________________________________________
答案：①that→whether?、趇f→that?、踕oubt后加that

(1)There is no doubt about ... 是慣用句型，意為“毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)……，不用懷疑……”
There is no doubt that ... 毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)……
There is some doubt whether 是否……還不確定/有疑問(wèn)
I have no doubt that ... 我確信……
(2)doubt whether/if 懷疑是否……

doubt可以作名詞也可以作動(dòng)詞。用于肯定句時(shí)，其同位語(yǔ)從句用whether引導(dǎo)，其賓語(yǔ)從句用whether/if引導(dǎo)；用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，其同位語(yǔ)從句或賓語(yǔ)從句用that引導(dǎo)。
④　[教材原句]Without the breakthroughs of these pioneers in science and technology, whether lucky or planned，the world as we know it today would have been a completely different place.
要是沒(méi)有先驅(qū)們?cè)诳萍忌系倪@些尖端突破，不管這些突破是僥幸的還是計(jì)劃之中的，我們今天的世界將完全是另一個(gè)樣子。(P25)

單句語(yǔ)法填空
①He ________ (tell) me if he knew, but he does not know anything about it.
②If the new safety system ________ (put) to use, the accident would never have happened.
③—Do you have Betty's phone number？
—Yes. Otherwise, I ________ (not be) able to reach her yesterday.
答案：①would tell?、趆ad been put?、踳ouldn't have been

(1)當(dāng)虛擬語(yǔ)氣用以表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)用“過(guò)去式(be的過(guò)去式用were)”，主句的謂語(yǔ)用“would/could/should/might＋動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成。
(2)當(dāng)虛擬語(yǔ)氣用以表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)用“had＋動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”，主句的謂語(yǔ)用“would/could/should/might＋have＋動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成。
(3)當(dāng)虛擬語(yǔ)氣用以表示與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)用“動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式(be 動(dòng)詞用were)/were to＋動(dòng)詞原形/should＋動(dòng)詞原形”，主句謂語(yǔ)用“would/could/should/might＋動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成。
(4)表假設(shè)條件的介詞without, but for(要不是)，連詞or (否則)，otherwise (否則)引導(dǎo)的句子在英語(yǔ)中稱(chēng)為含蓄條件句，在這種句子中也需用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。
課文回練 升華運(yùn)用
根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
I love talking about the future—and I am not the only one. Over the centuries, people have always wondered about the future. But for some people, __1__ (think) about the future is not just for fun. They plan the future of the world for a living. These people __2__ (call) futurologists.
The future is now big business and many people will attend the seminar with dreams of starting new enterprises __3__ (base) on the predictions they will hear. I clicked into the websites of a few futurologists and here's __4__ they're predicting.
In the next few years, computers will become handier. Shortly all of us are going to use our voices to give __5__ (instruct) to computers. By the year 2015, the clothing industry will have produced new types of material __6__ will remain stainless no matter what you spill on them. By the year 2025, no one will die of __7__ (starve) because there will be food for everyone. By the year 2030, development in biochemistry and medical science will have made __8__ theoretically possible for us to live for at least 150 years. By the middle of the century, computers that are millions of times __9__ (smart) than us will have been developed. By the end of the century, we __10__ (discover) other places in our solar system suitable for living and we will have discovered ways to go further into space.
If you can't beat the future, join it—it's the dawn of a new world.
1.________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________　6.________　7.________　8.________　9.________　10.________
答案：1.thinking　2.are called　3.based　4.what　5.instructions　6.that/which　7.starvation　8.it　9.smarter 10.will have discovered

基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo) 自主訓(xùn)練
Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空
1.Christian, however manages to escape and goes on his way, ________ (assist) by a new friend, Hopeful.
答案：assisted　Christian與assist之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)，故填assisted。
2.She found herself ________ conflict with her parents over her future career.
答案：in　in conflict with “與……有沖突”，在此作賓補(bǔ)。
3.You'd better set out for the airport two hours ________ advance in case the plane takes off.
答案：in　in advance “提前”。
4.The fresh air and exercise cured him ________ his headache.
答案：of　cure sb. of sth. “治愈某人的病”。
5.Angry residents have declared war ________ the owners of the factory.
答案：on　declare war on ... “向……宣戰(zhàn)”。
6.Many people ________ (donate) that type of blood; however, the blood bank needs more.
答案：have donated　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境這里應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，表示已經(jīng)獻(xiàn)了血，故填have donated。
7.The scientist corresponds ________ colleagues in order to learn about matters relevant to her own research.
答案：with　correspond with “和某人通信”。
8.There is no doubt ________ happiness brings wealth.
答案：that　There is no doubt that ... “毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)……”。
9.Students living in buildings that have kitchens are only permitted ________ (cook) in the kitchen.
答案：to cook　此處為permit sb. to do sth.“允許某人做某事”的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。
10.He ________ (finish) writing his novel by the end of next year.
答案：will have finished　“by＋表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間點(diǎn)”構(gòu)成的介詞短語(yǔ)，表示“到……時(shí)候”。句子謂語(yǔ)常用將來(lái)完成時(shí)，表示到將來(lái)某一時(shí)間已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作。
Ⅱ.單句寫(xiě)作
1.The company is making ____________ (使……更容易) for teens to use their parents' credit cards.
答案：it easier
2.The dictionary is exactly ______________________ (貴四倍) expensive than that one.
答案：five times more
3.They __________________________ ten countries or international organizations ________________.
到今年為止，他們已經(jīng)和十個(gè)國(guó)家或國(guó)際組織進(jìn)行了談判。
答案：have negotiated with; by this year
4.______________________________________________________________
明天這個(gè)時(shí)候我將正在看電影《長(zhǎng)城》。(將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí))
答案：I'll be watching the film the Great Wall this time tomorrow.
5.______________________________________________________________
毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，報(bào)紙目前在世界很多地方都在經(jīng)歷著一段艱難的時(shí)光。
答案：There is no doubt that newspapers in many parts of the world are having a hard time.
Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空
(2019·湖北名校沖刺必刷高三第二次模擬測(cè)試卷(三))China's icebreaker Xue Long will set sail from Shanghai to the Antarctic. Its captain Zhu Bing said that the icebreaker would first travel to the to-be-built new station before __1__ (make) a short stop at Zhongshan station. One of its main tasks is to build another research station in the Antarctic.
Once __2__ (complete), the new station would be the country's third year-round station in the Antarctic and the first to be lying __3__ the border of the Pacific Ocean. __4__ other two stations, the Great Wall Station and the Zhongshan Station, __5__ (build) in the 1980s. “This time around, we will build a 206-square-meter temporary base, which includes rooms for workers and a platform for large engineering __6__ (machine), to improve future construction work，” said Zhang Tijun of the Polar Research Institute of China, __7__ is the assistant leader of the expedition.
Sun Bo, the deputy director of the Institute of China, was __8__ (confidence) to say that the construction of the station, which will __9__ (definite) meet international criteria for environmental __10__ (protect), will be finished as early as 2022.
1.________　2.________　3.________　4.________
5.________　6.________　7.________　8.________
9.________　10.________
篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。中國(guó)破冰船“雪龍”號(hào)將從上海起航，前往南極洲修建第三個(gè)南極常年科考站，該科考站是中國(guó)在太平洋邊緣建的第一個(gè)南極科考站，最早將于2022年竣工。
1.making　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。介詞后要用動(dòng)詞－ing形式作賓語(yǔ)，故用making。
2.completed　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。The new station與complete之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)，故用completed。
3.on　考查介詞。此處指科考站位于太平洋的邊界處。on the border of sth.“在……的邊緣”。故用on。
4.The　考查冠詞。由后面提到的兩個(gè)科考站可知，此處表特指，故用The。
5.were built　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) “in the 1980s”可知，此處描述發(fā)生在過(guò)去的事情，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；又因?yàn)榫渥拥闹髡Z(yǔ)The other two stations與build之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故用were built。
6.machines　考查名詞。machine“機(jī)器，設(shè)備”，可數(shù)名詞。且前無(wú)限定詞修飾，故用其復(fù)數(shù)形式machines。
7.who　考查定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞?？仗幰龑?dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，且設(shè)空處在從句中作主語(yǔ)，先行詞是“Zhang Tijun”，指人，故用關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)。
8.confident　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。設(shè)空處在句中作表語(yǔ)，此處是主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，故用confidence的形容詞形式confident。
9.definitely　考查副詞。設(shè)空處修飾動(dòng)詞meet，應(yīng)用副詞。故用definitely。
10.protection　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)空格前的形容詞environmental可知，此處應(yīng)填名詞。environmental protection “環(huán)境保護(hù)”。
Ⅳ.短文改錯(cuò)
(2019·湖南五市十校教研教改共同體高三聯(lián)考)Sheila, a exchange student from Ireland, is a good friend of mine, who has studied in my school since she came to China three months later. But he had not studied Chinese before she arrived here. So she had some difficulty communicate with people at the beginning of this term. However, Sheila works very hardly. She get up early every morning to study a bit before class. Now she has made great progresses. I admire her independence while she lives so far away her family. I'm not sure that whether I could do the same thing if I am in her position.
答案：
Sheila, exchange student from Ireland, is a good friend of mine, who has studied in my school since she came to China three months . But had not studied Chinese before she arrived here. So she had some difficulty with people at the beginning of this term. However, Sheila works very . She up early every morning to study a bit before class. Now she has made great . I admire her independence while she lives so far away her family. I'm not sure whether I could do the same thing if I in her position.
難項(xiàng)分析：
第六處：get→gets　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)該句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“every morning”可知，該句陳述的是經(jīng)常發(fā)生的事，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；該句主語(yǔ)She為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式，故將get改為gets。
第九處：刪除that　考查賓語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)該句中的“I'm not sure”并結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可推知，后面應(yīng)接whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。that和whether引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)同是從屬連詞，故不可同時(shí)使用。
第十處：am→were　考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，該處是對(duì)當(dāng)前情況的虛擬，故將am改為were。

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