Book 6

Unit 16　Stories


1.From this story, we know our city witnesses four different seasons, plenty of sunshine and good rainfall, but in winter you may feel a little cold.
通過這個(gè)故事， 我們了解到我們的城市見證四個(gè)不同的季節(jié)，充足的陽光和充沛的降雨量，但在冬天，你可能會(huì)覺得有點(diǎn)冷。
2.Now_that you've set your mind to the goal, you must go through with it.
既然認(rèn)定了目標(biāo)，你就要堅(jiān)持不懈地進(jìn)行到底。
3.They would not have achieved their success if they had_abandoned their dreams.
如果他們放棄了夢(mèng)想，他們就不會(huì)取得成功。
4.From this story, I am firmly convinced_of the significance of honesty, which will contribute to building a harmonious society.
通過這個(gè)故事，我堅(jiān)信了誠(chéng)實(shí)的重要性，它將有助于建立一個(gè)和諧的社會(huì)。
自主排查 夯基固本

Ⅰ　核心單詞
(1)fantasy (n.) 想象物→fantastic (adj.) 空想的；奇異的；極好的
(2)abandon (vt.) 放棄，遺棄 (n.) 放縱，盡情→abandoned (adj.) 被遺棄的，拋棄的；自我放任的
(3)preserve (vt.) 保護(hù)，保存→preservation (n.)保護(hù)；維護(hù)→preserver (n.) 保護(hù)者
(4)witness (v.) 目擊 (n.) 目擊者
(5)occur (vi.) 發(fā)生→occurrence (n.) 發(fā)生
(6)particularly (adv.) 特別地；特定地，尤其→particular (adj.) 特別的
(7)loss (n.) 遺失，丟失→lose (v.) 遺失，丟失→lost (adj.) 遺失的，丟失的
(8)characteristic (adj.) 典型的→character (n.) 品質(zhì)；特色；人物；漢字
(9)gather (vi.&vt.) 聚集
(10)sympathy_ (n.) 同情→sympathetic (adj.) 同情的；有同情心的
(11)burst (vi.) 爆炸；沖，闖
(12)specific (adj.) 特定的；詳細(xì)的
(13)significance (n.) 重要性，意義→significant (adj.) 重要的
(14)abnormal (adj.) 反常的，不正常的→normal (adj.) 正常的
(15)origin (n.) 起源，開端；出身→original (adj.) 原來的，起初的
(16)discourage (vt.) 使泄氣，使灰心→encourage (vt.) 鼓勵(lì)，支持
(17)suffering (n.) 痛苦，困難→suffer (vt.) 遭受，忍受
(18)admirable (adj.) 令人欽佩的；極佳的→admire (vt.) 欽佩，羨慕→admiration (n.) 欽佩，贊美
(19)restriction (n.) 限制，約束→restrict (v.) 限制，約束
(20)unbearable (adj.) 不能忍受的→bear (v.) 忍受，容忍
(21)troublesome (adj.) 引起麻煩的→trouble (n.) 麻煩
(22)eager (adj.) 渴望的，熱衷的→eagerness (n.) 渴望，熱情
(23)gradual (adj.) 逐漸的→gradually (adv.) 逐漸地
(24)expand (v.) 擴(kuò)大，擴(kuò)充→expansion (n.) 擴(kuò)大，擴(kuò)充
(25)apparent (adj.) 明顯的，顯而易見的→apparently (adv.) 明顯，顯而易見
(26)uncertain (adj.) 不確定的→certain (adj.) 確定的，肯定的
Ⅱ　閱讀單詞
(1)tremble (vi.) 顫抖，發(fā)抖
(2)awesome (adj.) 令人敬畏的
(3)architecture (n.) 建筑→architect (n.) 建筑師
(4)authentic (adj.) 真實(shí)的，真正的
(5)vivid (adj.) 生動(dòng)的，逼真的
(6)tease (v.) 取笑，戲弄
(7)superb (adj.) 出色的，卓越的
(8)severe (adj.) 嚴(yán)重的，嚴(yán)厲的
(9)stubborn (adj.) 倔強(qiáng)的，固執(zhí)的
(10)precise (adj.) 精確的
(11)precious (adj.) 寶貴的
(12)complex (adj.) 復(fù)雜的
(13)awkward (adj.) 尷尬的
(14)tense (adj.) 緊張的
(15)applaud (v.) 鼓掌→applause (n.) 喝彩
(16)clumsy (adj.) 笨拙的
　[單句語法填空]
1.The ballet dancer's confidence built up ________ (gradual) as she gained more and more experience on the stage.
答案：gradually
2.With many ________ (trouble) problems, such as unemployment and crime, remaining to be solved, the new mayor seems to be at a loss.
答案：troublesome
3.You can't imagine the ________ (suffer) the explorers underwent during their trip in the horrible desert without ample water and food.
答案：suffering
4.Since he won the Nobel Prize, his fans have been ________ (eager) waiting for his new novels to come out.
答案：eagerly
5.Experts advised that parents should ________ (courage) children from doing homework by using electronic equipment too much.
答案：discourage
6.The cruel reality was ________ (bear) for him, so he decided to go on a beach vacation to relax and think about what he should do next.
答案：unbearable
7.It is ________ (certain) what side effects the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it.
答案：uncertain
8.My parents thought it was ________ (normal) for a girl to behave badly.
答案：abnormal
9.I am delighted to have been invited to your school to talk to you about the history and ________ (significant) of the Olympic Games.
答案：significance
10.When he turned around, the pet dog ________ (abandon) by its owner came into view.
答案：abandoned
聯(lián)想積累
1. “發(fā)生”一族
①occur 發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)(相當(dāng)于happen，與to連用意為“想到，突然想起”)
②take place 發(fā)生，舉行(安排好的)
③happen 偶然發(fā)生
④come about 發(fā)生(多指事情已發(fā)生，但還不知道為什么，常用于疑問句和否定句)
⑤break out 發(fā)生，爆發(fā)
2.“后綴－age”詞語集合
①discourage 使泄氣
②bandage繃帶
③percentage 百分比
④baggage 行李
⑤luggage 行李
⑥shortage 短缺
⑦postage 郵資
⑧marriage 婚姻
⑨advantage 優(yōu)點(diǎn)
⑩carriage 四輪馬車
3. “看”遍天下
①witness 目擊，目睹
②observe 觀察
③watch 觀看，關(guān)注
④stare (at) 凝視，盯著看
⑤glance (at) 匆匆看一眼；一瞥
⑥glare (at) 怒視
⑦peer 凝視
⑧notice注意到，留心

1.come_into_view 出現(xiàn)
2.knock_sb.over 撞倒某人
3.once_upon_a_time 從前
4.block_out 遮住
5.in_a_way 從某種程度上說
6.on_one's_side 側(cè)身
7.split_up 斷絕關(guān)系，使解散
8.on_the_way_to 在去……的路上
9.pay_rise 增加工資
10.name after ... 以……命名
11.come across 偶然遇見
12.hold up 舉起，阻擋
13.count on 依靠
14.figure out 理解，弄清楚
15.end up 以……結(jié)束，以……告終
16.put up with 容忍，忍受
17.in particular 特別，尤其
18.now that 既然，由于
　[選詞填空]
put up with, hold up, block out, split up, in particular, in a way, come across, end up, figure ... out, name ... after ...
1.As I was no longer able to __________ my toothache, I went to consult a dentist.
答案：put up with
2.I'm sorry I'm late. I ________ at work.
答案：was held up
3.It was a good concert—I enjoyed the last song ________.
答案：in particular
4.Over the years she had tried her best to ________ the terrible memory, but it was not an easy task.
答案：block out
5.Being a huge basketball fan, he wants to________ his son ________ Jordan.
答案：name; after
6.Kobe Bryant probably could have achieved more if he and Shaquille O'Neal had never ________.
答案：split up
7.________， I'm glad you made that mistake, for it will serve as a warning to you.
答案：In a way
8.(2017·天津高考)It was when I got back to my apartment that I first ________ my new neighbors.
答案：came across
9.(2017·北京高考)If you don't understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people until you ________ it ________.
答案：figure; out
10.(2017·天津高考)Driverless cars may ________ being a form of public transport rather than vehicles you own.
答案：end up
聯(lián)想積累
1. “come into＋n.”短語小結(jié)
①come into view 看見
②come into use 開始使用
③come into effect/force 生效
④come into fashion 開始流行
⑤come into service 投入使用
⑥come into power/office 上臺(tái)，當(dāng)權(quán)；就職
⑦come into being 產(chǎn)生，形成
2.name短語集合
①by name 憑名字；用……的名字
②in the name of 以……的名義
③call one's name 點(diǎn)名
④by the name of 名叫……的
⑤under the name (of) ... 用……名字

課文原句
句式梳理
仿寫訓(xùn)練
1.Another man, lying on his side, looks as if he is trying to get up.
另一個(gè)人側(cè)身躺著看上去好像是在試圖站立起來。(P6)
as if “好像……”，引導(dǎo)表語從句，從句謂語可根據(jù)情況使用直陳語氣或虛擬語氣
She looked ____________ she ________ ten years younger.
她看起來好像年輕了十歲。
2.I thought it strange that my teacher could not show me love.
我感到奇怪的是老師
“動(dòng)詞＋形式賓語it＋賓補(bǔ)＋真正的賓語”結(jié)構(gòu)
She ________________ she wished to begin a new life.
不能告訴我什么是愛。(P11)
她明確表示希望開始自己的新生活。

答案：1.as if; were　2.made it clear that
直擊重點(diǎn) 突破考點(diǎn)

①　abandon vt. 拋棄，遺棄，離棄；放棄；中止(P5)

(1)單句語法填空
①We shouldn't abandon ourselves ________ computer games, because they may ruin our life.
②The girls jumped up and down and waved their arms ________ abandon.
③In each episode of Man Vs. Wild, Grylls ________ (abandon) in a wild area and has to find his way out.
④Mr Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children. He owned a farm, which looked almost ________ (abandon).
答案：①to?、趙ith　③is abandoned?、躠bandoned
(2)單句改錯(cuò)
The lost car was found abandon in the woods.
______________________________________________________________
答案：abandon→abandoned

(1)abandon oneself to ... 沉溺于……；縱情于……
abandon ... to ... 將……遺棄/丟棄給……
(2)with abandon 放任地；放縱地；縱情地
(3)abandoned adj. 廢棄的；被遺棄的

abandon ... to ... /be abandoned to ... 中to 為介詞，后面接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。
②　preserve n. 保護(hù)區(qū)；專供私人行獵或捕魚的保留區(qū)　vt. 維護(hù)；保護(hù)；保存；保留(P6)

(1)單句語法填空
①M(fèi)ost natural resources are limited, so we should take action to preserve them ________ being wasted.
②I think these traditional customs should ________ (preserve).
③—The town is so beautiful! I just love it.
—Me too. The character of the town is well ________ (preserve).
④A government, which is responsible for society, must get across to its people how important the environmental________ (preserve) is.
答案：①from?、赽e preserved　③preserved?、躳reservation
(2)單句改錯(cuò)
Many people are working hard to preserve from the ponies.
______________________________________________________________
答案：去掉from

(1)preserve ... from ... 保護(hù)……免于……
preserve one's self－respect維護(hù)自尊
be well preserved保養(yǎng)得好；保存良好
(2)preservationn.保護(hù)；保存
③　witness n. [C]目擊者，證人　vt.目擊，見證(P6)

(1)單句語法填空
①In order to find the witness ________ the murder, the police visited a great many citizens.
②The past two years ________ (witness) a sharp rise in oil price which adds to the burden of auto transportation industry.
答案：①to　②has witnessed
(2)單句寫作
①His good health ______________ the success of the treatment.
他身體健康證明這種療法是成功的。
②The material he wrote __________________ his abilities.
他寫的材料證明了他的能力。
答案：①is a witness to?、趃ives/bears witness to

(1)witness to sth. 是……的跡象
(2)be (a) witness to sth. 目擊、看見(某事發(fā)生)
bear/give witness to sth. 為……作證；證明

英語中，動(dòng)詞see, witness, find, notice, say, discover, observe等的主語可以是地點(diǎn)名詞、時(shí)間名詞，這是一種擬人修辭法。
④　occur vi. 發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)(P6)

(1)單句語法填空
①Ralph W. Emerson would always write down new ideas that occurred ________ him.
②I suppose ________ didn't occur to you to phone the police.
③Jack was working in the lab when the power cut ________ (occur).
答案：①to?、趇t?、踥ccurred
(2)句型轉(zhuǎn)換
It did not occur to us that walking was a hardship.
＝It didn't ________ us that walking was a hardship.
＝It didn't ________ us that walking was a hardship.
＝The idea that walking was a hardship didn't ______________.
答案：strike; hit; occur to us

(1)sth. occurs to sb. 某人想起某事
It occurs to sb. that ... 某人突然想起……
It occurs to sb. to do sth. 某人想到要做某事
(2)occurrence n. 發(fā)生
(3)其他表示“某人突然想到……”的結(jié)構(gòu)：
sth. strikes sb.
It strikes sb. that ...
It hits sb. that ...

(1)以上表示“某人突然想到……”的結(jié)構(gòu)不能以人作主語，其主語是想到的事物，或用it作形式主語。
(2)occur “發(fā)生”，不可用于進(jìn)行時(shí)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)。
⑤　sympathy n. 同情，同情心；贊同，支持(P6)

(1)單句語法填空
I have no sympathy ________ Jane; it's all her own fault.
答案：for
(2)單句寫作
①I ____________________ her because she brought up the children on her own.
我同情她，因?yàn)樗?dú)自把孩子們撫養(yǎng)成人。
②Willard is ________________ many Green Party issues.
威拉德對(duì)許多綠黨的議題表示支持。
答案：①feel/have sympathy for?、趇n sympathy with

feel/have sympathy for sb. 同情某人
have no sympathy for sb. 不同情某人(認(rèn)為某人是自作自受)
out of sympathy with 不支持，不贊同
in sympathy with 支持，贊同
⑥　burst vi. 爆炸；沖，闖　n. 爆炸；爆發(fā)；突發(fā)(P7)

(1)單句寫作
①It was so terrible that I ________________ (突然……起來) crying.
②Hearing this, the whole class ______________ (突然……起來) laughter and my deskmate's face turned red.
答案：①burst out 　②burst into
(2)句型轉(zhuǎn)換
I don't know what it was in the novel that made him burst into tears.
＝I don't know what it was in the novel that made him __________________.
答案：burst out crying

(1)burst into sth. 突然爆發(fā)
burst out 突然大聲叫喊；突然……起來
突然大哭/大笑起來
burst in/into 突然闖入
(2)a burst of ... 爆發(fā)；一陣
⑦　eager adj.(多作表語)渴望的，殷切的，熱心的(P11)

單句語法填空
①She was eager ________ (do) more for her country.
②Due to popular demand, a writing project will be started for ________ (eager) beginners.
③Poor as she was, she was eager ________ attention. Thus she had to think of borrowing some jewels to show off at the party.
答案：①to do?、趀ager?、踗or

(1)be eager for sth. 急切想要得到某物
be eager to do sth. 急切想要做某事
(2)eagerness n. 渴望
(3)eagerly adv. 渴望地，熱切地

表示渴望做某事或渴望得到某物的常用短語還有：
(1)long/desire/be dying to do sth. 渴望做某事
(2)long/desire/be dying for sth. 渴望得到某物
⑧　expand vt. 使變大；伸展；闡述　vi. 擴(kuò)大；擴(kuò)充(P11)

(1)單句語法填空
①One of the purposes of the project is ________ (expand) the habitat for animals.
②You mentioned the need for extra funding. Could you expand ________ that, please？
答案：①to expand?、趏n/upon
(2)單句寫作
①He was so eager to ______________ (擴(kuò)大他的農(nóng)場(chǎng)).
②The teacher asked students ______________________________(將一句話擴(kuò)展成一個(gè)故事).
答案：①expand his farm?、趖o expand a sentence into a story

expand ... into把……擴(kuò)展(發(fā)展，膨脹)成
expand on/upon進(jìn)一步闡述；詳談
expand by 增加/膨脹了多少……

①　come into view出現(xiàn)，被看見，進(jìn)入視野(P5)

單句寫作
①The supermarket ________________ as we turned the corner.
我們一拐彎就看見了那個(gè)超市。
②The new government will ________________ next month.
新政府將于下月開始執(zhí)政。
③The newly captured images contribute to helping scientists to understand how some stars __________________.
最近捕捉到的畫像有助于幫助科學(xué)家理解一些恒星是如何形成的。
答案：①came into view?、赾ome into power?、踓ame into being

come into sight 進(jìn)入視野
come into power 開始執(zhí)政/當(dāng)權(quán)
come into use 開始使用
come into being/existence 產(chǎn)生，形成

come into view不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)，其主語是出現(xiàn)的人或事物。
②　knock ... over撞倒……；撞翻……(P5)

單句寫作
①I ________________ the bucket and the water poured (out) all over the floor.
我打翻了水桶，水灑了一地。
②__________________ by a car, he spent a week in the hospital.
被車子撞倒后，他在醫(yī)院里度過了一星期。
③The American team ________________ in the first round.
美國(guó)隊(duì)在首輪就被淘汰出局。
答案：①knocked over　②Having been knocked down/over
③was knocked out

knock at/on敲
knock down 撞倒在地；拆毀，拆除
knock into sb. 撞到某人身上
knock out 使某人失去知覺；淘汰
③　in a way從某種程度上來說，有幾分(P6)

單句寫作
①Tom was very anxious about the coming exam and told me worriedly, “__________________ (在某種程度上), I suppose I'm frightened of failing.”
②It's certain that we are ________________ (在路上) to having a clean and beautiful home in the future because some special projects are under way to protect the environment.
③He reads the texts every morning. ________________ (用這種方法) he is able to recite them.
④Children often learn reading ________________ (憑借) pictures.
答案：①in a way?、趏n the way?、跧n this way?、躡y way of

(1)all the way 一直……；自始至終
in any way無論如何，在任何情況下
in no way決不，一點(diǎn)兒也不
in the way 擋住路，妨礙
(2)in this way這樣，以這種方式
on the way 在……途中，即將來臨
by the way 順便說一下
by way of 經(jīng)過……， 經(jīng)由……
(3)feel one's way 謹(jǐn)慎小心地前行
find one's way out of 設(shè)法走出，擺脫
fight one's way奮斗前進(jìn)，打開一條道路
make one's way 前往

in no way 表示否定意義“決不”，放在句首的時(shí)候，后面用部分倒裝語序。
④　come across 偶然遇見，發(fā)現(xiàn)；被理解(P8)

用come的相關(guān)短語填空
①When walking down the street, I ________________ David, whom I hadn't seen for years.
②Our class ________________ the idea to make better use of used materials.
③When we were wondering what to do, the manager ________________.
④We are going to the park, and do you want ________________ with us？
答案：①came across　②came up with?、踓ame out?、躷o come along

come to 來到，達(dá)到；蘇醒；總計(jì)
come up 被提出
come up with 提出
come out 出現(xiàn)，出版；開花
come along with 隨同……一起

表示“偶然遇到”的短語還有：run across, happen to meet, meet ... by chance/accident。
⑤　hold up 支撐起；延遲，阻礙；舉起，拿起；搶劫(P8)

(1)寫出下列句子中hold up的漢語意思
①M(fèi)y application was held up by the postal strike.________
②Robbers held up a bank at gunpoint yesterday.________
③The chair is too weak to hold up such a fat man.________
④They held up their coach to celebrate their winning.________
答案：①延遲?、趽尳佟、壑纹稹、芘e起
(2)單句寫作
①I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy，but was ______________ thankfully by the shop window.
我很想把手伸進(jìn)去玩那個(gè)玩具，但幸虧被商店的櫥窗擋住了。
②My father said that if we believe something was true, we should ____________________ it.
父親說如果我們相信某事是真的，就應(yīng)該堅(jiān)持。
答案：①held back?、趆old on to

hold on 堅(jiān)持；別掛斷
hold back 阻礙；退縮；隱瞞；克制
hold on to 緊緊抓住
hold down 壓制；控制
hold out 堅(jiān)持；伸出
⑥　figure out 理解；弄懂；算出(P8)

單句寫作
①I still can't ________________ why she burst into tears yesterday.
我仍不明白她昨天為什么突然大哭起來。
②Don't __________________ going abroad this summer; we may not be able to afford it.
別打算今年夏天出國(guó)，我們可能負(fù)擔(dān)不起旅行費(fèi)用。
答案：①figure out　 ②figure on

(1)figure on 預(yù)料到；計(jì)劃，打算
(2)keep/improve one's figure 保持/改善體型
have a good figure 身材苗條
⑦　end up 以……結(jié)束，以……告終(P8)

單句語法填空
①At first, he refused to accept any responsibility but he ended up ________ (apology).
②Unfortunately, all their plans ended up ________ failure.
③If he carries on driving like that, he'll end up ________ (death).
答案：①apologizing?、趇n?、踕ead

end up doing sth. 以做某事結(jié)束或告終
end up with 以……結(jié)束
end up in 以某種結(jié)果結(jié)束
end up＋adj. 以某種狀態(tài)結(jié)束
end up as 最后是，最后成了
⑧　put up with 容忍，忍受(P8)

選詞填空：keep/put/come
①I can ________ up with the house being untidy, but I hate it if it's not clean.
②He ________ up with many ways to make audience burst into laughter.
③The modern world has been developing very fast. Every country must ________ up with the times.
答案：①put?、赾ame?、踜eep

(1)come up with 提出，想出
keep up with 與……同步，跟上
catch up with 跟上，追上
(2)put off推遲
put down 記下，寫下；鎮(zhèn)壓
put forward 提出
put out 伸出，熄滅
put through 接通；完成
put away 放好，儲(chǔ)存
put aside 把……放在一邊
put on 穿上；戴上；上演
put up 舉起；張貼

表示“容忍，忍受”之意的除了put up with以外，還有stand, bear, tolerate, live with等。

①　[教材原句]By 1748, they had found an awesome historical site.
到1748年，考古學(xué)家們已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了一處令人敬畏的歷史遺址。(P6)

單句語法填空
①(2018·江蘇高考)I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan ________ (carry) out in the past two years.
②(2017·北京高考)In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones ________ (not invent) yet.
③(2016·浙江高考)Silk ________ (become) one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.
答案：①had been carried?、趆adn't been invented　③had become


②　[教材原句]It was the first time Helen had understood such a complex word ...
這是海倫第一次理解這樣一個(gè)復(fù)雜的詞……(P11)

(1)單句語法填空
①It is the second time that you ________ (fail) in the experiment. It is time that you ________ (reflect) upon your mistakes.
②I can well remember there was a time ________ my parents worked hard day and night to support the family.
答案：①have failed; reflected/should reflect?、趙hen
(2)單句改錯(cuò)
She said that it was the second time that the boy has asked the same question.
______________________________________________________________
答案：has→had

(1)It/This/That is/was the first (second/third ... ) time (that) ... 某人第一(二/三……)次做某事
該句型中若主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；若主句為一般過去時(shí)，從句用過去完成時(shí)。
(2)It is＋(high/about) time＋(that) ... 是該做某事的時(shí)候了(從句應(yīng)用虛擬語氣，即謂語動(dòng)詞用過去式或“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”)
(3)It is time (for sb.) to do sth. 是(某人)該做某事的時(shí)候了
(4)There was a time when ... 一度/曾經(jīng)……
③　[教材原句]Next month I'm going to get my bike repaired.
下個(gè)月我打算去修我的自行車。(P15)

單句語法填空
①We can't have you ________ (go) everywhere by taxi.
②Thailand got some famous buildings ________ (destroy) in the flood.
③What a shame！I can't get him ________ (stop) crying.
④Don't go out on such a hot day, or you'll get ________ (burn).
⑤The computer I had ________ (repair) yesterday went wrong.
⑥I have something important ________ (do), so I can't go out with you.
答案：①going?、赿estroyed　③to stop?、躡urnt?、輗epaired?、辴o do

get在此為使役動(dòng)詞，意為“使……；讓……”，常用結(jié)構(gòu)如下：
have/get sth. done
have/get sb./sth. doing
have sb. do sth.―→表示“使/讓某人做某事”
get sb. to do sth.―→表示“使/讓某人做某事”
have sth. to do這一結(jié)構(gòu)中have意為“有”，即“有某事要做”，不定式作定語，主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義
課文回練 升華運(yùn)用
根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Pliny was a Roman writer who had witnessed and wrote about a terrible __1__ (erupt) which occurred __2__ August 24th, 79 AD. The particularly sad event left a deep impression on Pliny whose uncle died in the event. The whole towns and villages were __3__ (bury) by the ashes. Over the centuries, there was a greater __4__ (lose). All that had disappeared under the ashes were entirely forgotten by the world. By 1748, scientists started to dig out the ancient city of Pompeii after they had found an awesome __5__ (history) site. It is like a “time capsule” __6__ (preserve) a frozen moment in history. Not only did the buildings and objects of Pompeii attract the people, __7__ also the forms of the people caught in the disaster made the city a monument to human history. The __8__ (body) of people who had died in Pompeii showed their exact shapes of getting together for protection in their last hours of life. Today, since excavations started, people and scientists visit Pompeii every year __9__ (learn) more about the ancient world. In this way, the city, __10__ the world had once forgotten, lives on nearly 2,000 years after its loss.
1.________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________　6.________　7.________　8.________　9.________　10.________
答案：1.eruption　2.on　3.buried　4.loss　5.historical
6.preserving　7.but　8.bodies 　9.to learn　10.which
基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo) 自主訓(xùn)練
Ⅰ.單句語法填空
1.The new discovery of oil is of great ________ (significant) to this area's economy.
答案：significance　句意：新發(fā)現(xiàn)的石油對(duì)這個(gè)地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)有重大意義。短語be of＋n.＝be＋adj.。
2.The way he dealt with the hardship he came across is ________ (admire).
答案：admirable　句意：他處理遇到的困難的方式令人欽佩。此處需用admire 的形容詞形式作表語。
3.Sunny, hot days are the ________ (character) weather of the summer months.
答案：characteristic　此處修飾后面的名詞weather，故用形容詞characteristic “典型的”。
4.It's the duty of the police ________ (preserve) the public order.
答案：to preserve　此處是句型：It's the duty of sb. to do sth.。
5.She rushed downstairs and ________ (burst) into the kitchen.
答案：burst　此處and 連接兩個(gè)并列謂語動(dòng)詞，由rushed可知，此處使用一般過去時(shí)，burst 的過去式是burst。
6.You can count on him ________ (get) the work done on time.
答案：to get　短語count on sb. to do sth. “指望某人做某事”。
7.My parents thought it was ________ (normal) for a boy to be interested in dressing.
答案：abnormal　句意：我父母認(rèn)為男孩對(duì)穿著感興趣是不正常的。由句意可知，用abnormal “不正常的”。
8.It is apparent to everyone ________ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer.
答案：that　此處是句型：It is apparent to sb. that ... “對(duì)某人來說……是顯而易見的”。
9.This quotation from Winston Churchill tells us that we shouldn't get ________ (discourage) right after failures.
答案：discouraged　句意：溫斯頓·丘吉爾的這句引語告訴我們，失敗后我們不應(yīng)該氣餒。本句中，get是連系動(dòng)詞，相當(dāng)于become，后接形容詞作表語，此處表示人的精神狀態(tài)“氣餒的，灰心的”，應(yīng)用過去分詞轉(zhuǎn)化來的形容詞。故填discouraged。
10.It is the first time that she __________ (adopt) an abandoned dog.
答案：has adopted　句意：這是她第一次收養(yǎng)流浪狗。這里是句型：It is the first time＋that從句，主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
Ⅱ.單句寫作
1.When __________________ (遇到) difficulty, you can turn to your parents for help.
答案：coming across
2.Li Ming went to London last year, and it was the first time that ________________ (出國(guó)).
答案：he had gone abroad
3.__________ with the great pleasure ________ I sincerely invite you to attend our coming-of-age ceremony.
誠(chéng)邀您參加我們的成人儀式，我的確萬分榮幸。
答案：It is; that
4.______________________________________________________________
自從我大學(xué)畢業(yè)已經(jīng)十一年了。(It was ... since ... )
答案：It was eleven years since I had graduated from university.
5.______________________________________________________________
現(xiàn)在就如已經(jīng)到春天一般。
答案：It seems as if it were spring already.
Ⅲ.語法填空
(2019·陜西名校聯(lián)盟高三模擬聯(lián)考卷)A pig saved from being killed at the eleventh hour __1__ (be) a world-famous artist so far. Pigcasso, as she is now known, was __2__ (lucky) rescued with her sister Rosie when she was just two months old.
Animal welfare campaigner Joanne Lefson took them to a farm in Franschhoek, near Cape Town, __3__ the base for her rescue pet charity Sanctuary SA was still being built. She noticed the young Pigcasso picking __4__ workman's paint brushes in her mouth. __5__(shock) as Ms Lefson was, she decided to give Pigcasso a canvas (油畫布).
Now at the age of just 21 months old, she __6__ (believe) to be the world's only painting pig and has sold one of her __7__ (work) for as much as ￡1,700. Despite selling 44 paintings across the UK, USA, South Korea and Malaysia, Ms Lefson says in many ways Pigcasso is just a regular pig. Her most expensive piece, Brexit, which features a rough representation of the word in the colours of the British flag was sold to a Dutch collector for ￡1,730.
Pigcasso signs each canvas by __8__ (dip) her snout (鼻子) in a mixture of beetroot juice and acrylic paint. But __9__ pigs don't know is the concept of colour. Therefore, Ms Lefson selects which paint to use before letting her creativity flow.
Her owner says she often takes __10__ (inspire) from her surroundings.
1.________　2.________　3.________　4.________
5.________　6.________　7.________　8.________
9.________　10.________
篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文。一只被救下的小豬成為舉世聞名的藝術(shù)家，它被認(rèn)為是豬界的“畢加索”。
1.has been　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。分析句子成分可知，該空是該句的謂語部分；根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語so far可知，此處用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，又因?yàn)橹髡Z是A pig，故該空填has been。
2.luckily　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該空在此處修飾動(dòng)詞rescued，故此處用副詞形式。
3.where　考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。分析句子可知，該空引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)非限制性定語從句，在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，又因?yàn)橄刃性~是“Franschhoek, near Cape Town”，故此處用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)該定語從句。
4.up　考查固定搭配。pick up意為“撿起”，為固定搭配。
5.Shocked　考查形容詞。此處為as的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，“adj.＋as＋主謂”，故應(yīng)用形容詞形式Shocked。
6.is believed　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。分析句子成分可知，該空是該句的謂語部分；根據(jù)后半句的謂語部分has sold可知，此處用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，又因?yàn)閟he和believe之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故此處用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。
7.works　考查名詞。work在此處意為“作品”，為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)空前的one of可知，此處用復(fù)數(shù)。
8.dipping　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。by為介詞，此處用所給詞的動(dòng)名詞作其賓語。
9.what　考查主語從句的連接詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該空在此處引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)主語從句且在從句中作賓語，故此處用what。
10.inspiration　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處用所給詞的名詞形式作takes的賓語。
Ⅳ.短文改錯(cuò)
I spent the last day of my senior high school life yesterday. We had the last class and the whole class were silently. Classmates were busy prepare for the college entrance examination which is also the last examination for us. And then we took the group photo to our dear teachers. It seemed significant because it was the first time we have all been photographed together. In the afternoon, we began to write graduation congratulation messages or send greeting cards each other, leaving our best wish. Before we left, we were cleaned the classroom. The clean and tidy classroom is about to welcome it next batch of students, just before it welcomed us. My high school life is over, and my life has just begun.
答案：
I spent the last day of my senior high school life yesterday. We had the last class and the whole class were . Classmates were busy for the college entrance examination which is also the last examination for us. And then we took the group photo our dear teachers. It seemed significant because it was the first time we all been photographed together. In the afternoon, we began to write graduation congratulation messages or send greeting cards each other, leaving our best . Before we left, we cleaned the classroom. The clean and tidy classroom is about to welcome next batch of students, just it welcomed us. My high school life is over, my life has just begun.
難項(xiàng)分析：
第二處：prepare→preparing　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。be busy后面跟動(dòng)詞－ing形式，故prepare改為preparing。
第四處：have→had　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。前面是it was the first time，后面的從句中使用過去完成時(shí)，故have改為had。
第九處：before→as　考查狀語從句的連接詞。結(jié)合語境，表示正如它歡迎我們一樣，as引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句。故before改為as。

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