2021高三統(tǒng)考北師大版英語一輪（經(jīng)典版）學(xué)案：第一編Book1Unit3Celebration-學(xué)案下載-教習(xí)網(wǎng)

Unit 3　Celebration

1．The graduation ceremony is one of the happiest events in all of my life.
畢業(yè)典禮是我一生中最開心的事情之一。
2．Among traditional Chinese festivals, the Spring Festival in particular appeals to us teenagers.
中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日，尤其是春節(jié)，深受我們青少年喜歡。
3．It is believed that Yuanxiao is named after a palace maid, Yuanxiao, of Emperor Wu Di of the Han Dynasty.
人們認(rèn)為，元宵是以漢武帝的宮女元宵的名字命名的。
4．Water－splashing Festival is one of the most important festivals in the world, which is popular among Dai people of China and the Southeast Asia.
潑水節(jié)是世界上最重要的節(jié)日之一，深受中國傣族和東南亞人民的喜愛。
自主排查夯基固本

Ⅰ　核心單詞
Ⅰ　核心單詞
(1)occasion (n.) 時機(jī)，時刻→occasional (adj.) 偶爾的，不經(jīng)常的→occasionally (adv.) 偶爾，偶然
(2)traditional (adj.) 傳統(tǒng)的→tradition (n.) 傳統(tǒng)→traditionally (adv.) 傳統(tǒng)地
(3)nowadays (adv.) 現(xiàn)今，現(xiàn)在
(4)power (n.) 控制力，權(quán)力 (vt.)運轉(zhuǎn)，發(fā)動→powerful (adj.) 有實力的，有勢力的→powerfully (adv.)有勢力地，有權(quán)力地
(5)destroy (vt.) 破壞，毀壞→destroyer (n.) 破壞者
(6)decorate (vt.) 裝飾，布置→decoration (n.) 裝飾，裝修
(7)serve (vt.) 提供(食物)，端上(飯菜)→service (n.& vi.) 服務(wù)
(8)retire (vi.) 退休→retired (adj.) 退休的→retirement (n.) 退休，退役
(9)apply (vi.& vt.) 申請；應(yīng)用→applicant (n.) 申請人，申請者→application (n.) 申請，運用
(10)smartly (adv.) 瀟灑地，漂亮地→smart (adj.) 聰明的，漂亮的
(11)congratulation (n.) 祝賀→congratulate (vi.) 祝賀
(12)celebration (n.) 慶祝，慶典→celebrate (vt.) 慶祝，慶賀
(13)entrance (n.) 入口→enter (vt.) 進(jìn)入
(14)invitation (n.) 邀請；請柬→invite (vt.) 邀請
(15)attend (vt.) 參加，出席→attendance (n.) 出席人數(shù)；出席→attendant (n.) 服務(wù)人員；隨從，跟班→attender (n.) (經(jīng)常的)出席者
(16)ought (aux.) 應(yīng)當(dāng)，應(yīng)該
(17)contribute (vt.) 捐獻(xiàn)，貢獻(xiàn)→contribution (n.) 貢獻(xiàn)，捐助
(18)seriously (adv.) 認(rèn)真地；嚴(yán)肅地→serious (adj.) 嚴(yán)肅的，嚴(yán)重的→seriousness (n.) 嚴(yán)重性；嚴(yán)肅性
(19)adult (n.) 成年人→youth (n.) 年輕人→senior (n.) 老年人
(20)merry (adj.) 高興的，愉快的→merriment (n.) 歡樂，嬉戲→merrily (adv.) 快樂地，愉快地；興高采烈地
(21)production (n.) 生產(chǎn)，制造；產(chǎn)品；產(chǎn)量→produce (n.& vt.) 產(chǎn)品；生產(chǎn)→product (n.) 產(chǎn)品
(22)unfortunately (adv.) 不幸地→unfortunate (adj.) 不幸的→fortunate (adj.) 幸運的→fortunately (adv.) 幸運地
Ⅱ　閱讀單詞
(1)graduation (n.) 畢業(yè)→graduate (vi.) 畢業(yè)
(2)scholarship (n.) 獎學(xué)金
(3)wedding (n.) 婚禮→wedded (adj.) 已結(jié)婚的，結(jié)婚的→wed (vt.) 娶，嫁，結(jié)婚
(4)darkness (n.) 黑暗，漆黑→dark (adj.) 黑的，深色的
(5)battery (n.) 電池
(6)boil (vi.& vt.) 煮沸，沸騰→boiling (adj.) 煮開的；沸騰的→boiled (adj.) 煮沸過的
(7)salary (n.) 薪水→wage (n.)(同義詞)薪水，工資，報酬
(8)opportunity (n.) 機(jī)會，機(jī)遇→chance (n.) (同義詞) 機(jī)會，機(jī)遇
(9)link (vt.) 連接→linked (adj.) 連接的；聯(lián)合的→linkage (n.) 連接，連環(huán)，聯(lián)合
(10)envelope (n.) 信封
(11)breast (n.) (鳥的)胸脯肉；胸部
(12)swallow (vt.) 吞下，咽下
(13)mat (n.) 墊子
(14)mess (n.) 混亂，臟亂
　[單句語法填空]
1.________ (occasion) they would come to dine with us on Sundays.
答案：Occasionally
2．Housework has ________ (tradition) been regarded as women's work.
答案：traditionally
3．You're a ________ (power) man—people will listen to you.
答案：powerful
4．He returns home each year ________ (celebration) his grandpa's birthday with his family.
答案：to celebrate
5．His ________ (retire) had no effect on his rich life.
答案：retirement
6．She applied ________ a job with the local newspaper.
答案：for
7．About 100 students took part ________ the protest.
答案：in
8．Teachers must keep a record of students' ________ (attend)．
答案：attendances
9．Did you get a formal ________ (invite) to Jake's wedding?
答案：invitation
10．Thank you for ________ (contribute) generously to our school.
答案：contributing
聯(lián)想積累
1．-tion構(gòu)成的名詞
①graduation 畢業(yè)
②celebration 慶賀
③decoration 裝飾，裝修
④congratulation 祝賀
⑤contribution 貢獻(xiàn)
⑥production 生產(chǎn)，制造
⑦action 行動
⑧devotion奉獻(xiàn)；熱心
⑨solution解決，解答

聯(lián)想積累
⑩correction 糾正
?selection 選拔
?intention 意圖，意向
?tradition 傳統(tǒng)
?reception 接待處；招待會
?recognition識別，承認(rèn)
?description描述
?education教育
2．形容詞＋-ness構(gòu)成的名詞
①dark→darkness 黑暗
②happy→happiness 快樂
③cold→coldness寒冷；冷淡
④good→goodness慈善，善良
⑤careless→carelessness粗心
⑥ill→illness 病，生病
⑦kind→kindness和諧，仁慈
⑧sick→sickness生??；惡心
⑨t(yī)ired→tiredness 疲勞，勞累
⑩wet→wetness潮濕
?dumb→dumbness無言
?numb→numbness麻木
?red→redness紅色，紅
?naked→nakedness赤裸，禿
?blind→blindness 失明
?lonely→loneliness 孤獨

1．burn down　燒毀
2．take part in 參加
3．a(chǎn)pply for 請求，申請
4．depend on 根據(jù)，依據(jù)
5．put out 撲滅
6．be related to 與……有聯(lián)系
7．ought to 應(yīng)該
8．on time 準(zhǔn)時
9．get_married 結(jié)婚
10．well_done 做得好
11．even_if 即使
12．a(chǎn)t_the_entrance_to 在……的入口處
13．put_up 豎起，建造，搭建
14．carry_on 繼續(xù)，堅持
15．a(chǎn)s_well 也，還，又
　[選詞填空]
burn down， depend on， apply for， put out， as well， be related to， even if， take part in， ought to， put up
1．Many students together with some teachers ________ the discussion that afternoon.
答案：took part in
2．Are Mary and her parents coming to my birthday party ________？
答案：as well
3．He was the sort of person you could ________.
答案：depend on
4．They threatened to ________ our house.
答案：burn down
5．To ________ that job, you first have to write an application letter and fill out a form.
答案：apply for
6．My grandpa was still in good health ________ he was in his seventies.
答案：even if
7．Children ________ be able to read by the age of 7.
答案：ought to
8．They ________ several office blocks in the centre of town.
答案：are putting up
9．The young man is said to ________ Xiao Li, my deskmate.
答案：be related to
10．Although the fire ________， it caused great economic losses to us.
答案：was put out
聯(lián)想積累
1．后跟介詞to構(gòu)成短語的名詞家族
①way方法；道路
②key關(guān)鍵；答案
③answer答案
聯(lián)想積累
④entrance 入口，進(jìn)入權(quán)
⑤access 接近，使用權(quán)；入口，通路
⑥visit 參觀
⑦contribution貢獻(xiàn)
⑧devotion奉獻(xiàn)；信仰
⑨solution解決；歸納
⑩monument/memorial 紀(jì)念碑
2．與marry有關(guān)的短語
①get married to sb. 嫁給某人，與某人結(jié)婚
②marry into sth. 因結(jié)婚而成為(家庭或團(tuán)體的)成員
③marry sb. 與某人結(jié)婚
④marry sth. up with sth. 將兩個事物結(jié)合起來

課文原句
句式梳理
仿寫訓(xùn)練
At the bottom of the bed was the stocking，now full of all kinds of small presents and sweets.
床尾的長筒襪里現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)裝滿了各種各樣的小禮物和糖果。(P42)
表示方位的介詞短語、表示方位或時間的副詞(如here, there, now, then, in, out等)位于句首，作狀語，句子通常用全部倒裝
From the valley ___________________.
從山谷里傳來了一個可怕的聲音。

答案：came a frightening sound
直擊重點突破考點

①　traditional adj. 傳統(tǒng)的(P36)

(1)單句語法填空
①The ________ (tradition) breakfast in this area is fried dough sticks and soya milk.
②________ tradition, it's the bride's parents who pay for the wedding.
答案：①traditional?、贐y
(2)單句寫作
In many countries young people still ____________________________ that women will get married in a long white dress.
在許多國家，年輕人仍保持著婦女結(jié)婚時穿白色長禮服的傳統(tǒng)。
答案：keep up the old tradition

(1)traditional culture傳統(tǒng)文化
traditional approach習(xí)慣方法
traditional festival 傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日
(2)tradition n. 傳統(tǒng)；慣例
follow the tradition of their fathers 繼承祖先的傳統(tǒng)
break with tradition 打破傳統(tǒng)
keep up a tradition保持一種傳統(tǒng)
by tradition 根據(jù)傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗
(3)traditionally adv. 傳統(tǒng)地，傳統(tǒng)上；照慣例
②　power n. 控制力；權(quán)力　vt. 使發(fā)動，驅(qū)動(P36)

(1)單句語法填空
①Human societies have the power ________ solve the problems confronting them.
②The party came to ________ at the last election.
答案：①to?、趐ower
(2)單句寫作
I'll do everything ____________________ to help you.
我會盡全力幫助你。
答案：in my power

(1)in power 當(dāng)權(quán)的，在位的
in one's power 在某人力所能及的范圍
beyond/out of one's power 力所不及，不能勝任
come to power 開始掌權(quán)；上臺；執(zhí)政
have the power to do sth./of doing sth. 有能力做某事
(2)powerful adj. 強(qiáng)有力的；強(qiáng)大的；有權(quán)的
a powerful position 有影響的地位
(3)powerfully adv. 強(qiáng)烈地；強(qiáng)有力地

energy, power, force和strength這組詞的共同意思是“能，能量，精力”。其區(qū)別在于：
(1)energy在物理學(xué)定義中為“能，能量”，用于生理學(xué)上指“精力”。
(2)power一般用語，可指動力、思維能力等各種力量或能力；也指勢力和權(quán)利。
(3)force指的是物質(zhì)或精神力量，多指為做成某事而使用的力量，也常指武力、外力或暴力。
(4)strength指某人或某物所具有的內(nèi)在力量，可指體力、力氣或抽象的力量。
③　destroy vt. 破壞，損壞(P36)

(1)單句語法填空
①The whole city ________ (destroy) in the earthquake.
②If I were younger or more naive, the criticism ________ (destroy) me.
答案：①was destroyed?、趙ould have destroyed
(2)單句寫作
You ____________________ of happiness, which is a fatal blow to me.
你毀掉了我得到幸福的希望，這對我是致命的打擊。
答案：have destroyed my hopes

destroy oneself 毀滅自己，自殺
destroy a building 毀壞建筑物
destroy a plan/hope/dream破壞計劃/希望/夢想

break, destroy, ruin和damage這些動詞均有“破壞，損壞”之意。它們的區(qū)別是：
(1)break普通用詞，指某物因被打破或撕破而受到破壞，可指有形或無形的破壞。
(2)destroy多指徹底地、毀滅性地破壞，不能或很難再修復(fù)的意味。
(3)ruin多指因外部原因(風(fēng)吹、日曬、雨打以及戰(zhàn)爭原因)而受到嚴(yán)重破壞或毀滅，側(cè)重破壞的徹底性，也可用于引申意義(希望、夢想等)。
(4)damage意為“損害，傷害”，側(cè)重指對物體有形的損害，或?qū)】?、幸福等的不良影響?br /> ④　serve vt. 提供(食物)，端上(飯菜)；服務(wù)(P36)

(1)單句語法填空
①Who will serve lunch ________ us/serve us ________ lunch when we are there?
②Health care must be ________ the service of all who need it.
答案：①to; with?、赼t
(2)單句寫作
This computer supplier provides very __________________________.
這家電腦供應(yīng)商提供很好的售后服務(wù)。
答案：good after-sales service

(1)serve sth. to sb.＝serve sb. (with) sth. 向某人提供某物
serve as 充當(dāng)；擔(dān)任
(2)service n. 服務(wù)，貢獻(xiàn)
at the service of sb.＝at one's service 聽某人差遣；隨時準(zhǔn)備為某人做事
⑤　apply vi. 申請　vt. 應(yīng)用(P38)

(1)單句語法填空
①On your advice I applied ________ the job.
②His ________ (apply) for membership of the organisation was rejected.
答案：①for?、赼pplication
(2)單句寫作
She ____________ the international school ________ a job as an English teacher.
她向這所國際學(xué)校申請英語教師的職位。
答案：applied to; for

(1)apply for申請
apply oneself to 致力于，專心于
apply to sb. for sth.向某人申請某物
be applied to 用于
apply sth. to ... 把某物運用于……
apply to do sth. 申請做某事
(2)application n. 適用，運用；申請，請求；申請表
fill in the application填寫申請表
(3)applicant n. 申請人；應(yīng)征者
⑥　entrance n. 入口；通道(P40)

(1)單句語法填空
①A lighthouse marks the entrance ________ the harbour.
②There were people ________ the entrance giving out leaflets.
答案：①to　②at
(2)單句改錯
Do you know the man standing at the entrance of the building?
______________________________________________________________
答案：of→to

at the entrance to 在……入口處
back entrance 后門
entrance examination入學(xué)考試

表示“……的入口/進(jìn)口”時，后面常用介詞to。
⑦　contribute vt. 貢獻(xiàn)；捐獻(xiàn)(P40)

(1)單句語法填空
①But don't worry, you don't have to ________ (contribute) a lot of money.
②Yang Liwei has made great ________ (contribute) to the space development program.
答案：①contribute　②contributions
(2)單句寫作
What our teacher said ________________ their making up.
我們老師的一席話，使他們和好了。
答案：contributed to

(1)contribute ... to ... 把……捐獻(xiàn)給……
contribute to 貢獻(xiàn)；有助于；投稿給；導(dǎo)致；捐款
(2)contribution n. 貢獻(xiàn)；捐獻(xiàn)
make to (doing) sth. 對……作出貢獻(xiàn)
⑧　seriously adv. 認(rèn)真地；真誠地(P42)

(1)單句語法填空
①Such an important problem should be discussed ________ (serious).
②You are really serious ________ this matter, aren't you?
答案：①seriously　②about
(2)單句寫作
Smoking can ________________ your health.
吸煙會嚴(yán)重?fù)p害你的健康。
答案：seriously damage

(1)take ... seriously認(rèn)真對待……
seriously ill 病重
(2)serious adj. 嚴(yán)肅的，嚴(yán)重的
be serious about 認(rèn)真對待……
(3)seriousness n. 嚴(yán)肅，認(rèn)真
⑨　swallow vt. 吞下，咽下(P42)

(1)單句語法填空
①I watched her walk down the road until she ________ (swallow) by the darkness.
②Large areas of countryside ________ (swallow) up by towns.
答案：①was swallowed?、趆ave been swallowed
(2)單句寫作
You have ____________ your pride and ask for your job back.
你得放下架子，去求人家給你恢復(fù)原職。
答案：to swallow

swallow up 吞沒，耗盡，吞并，侵吞
swallow words 收回說過的話
⑩　production n. 生產(chǎn)，制造；產(chǎn)量；出品(P44)

(1)單句語法填空
①If the plant's rules and regulations collapsed, ________ (produce) would get into a mess.
②The local ________ (production) sold in the shop is of high quality.
答案：①production?、趐roduce
(2)單句改錯
Every year the productions of works written by all writers is expected to increase.
______________________________________________________________
答案：productions→production

in production投產(chǎn)
go out of production 停產(chǎn)
a decline/an increase in production 產(chǎn)量下降/上升
production levels 產(chǎn)量

produce, product和production這三個詞都有“產(chǎn)品”的意思。其區(qū)別是：
(1)produce是農(nóng)產(chǎn)品、天然產(chǎn)物或工業(yè)產(chǎn)品的總稱，是不可數(shù)名詞。
(2)product指任何體力勞動或腦力勞動所產(chǎn)生的東西，一般多指工業(yè)品，也可指農(nóng)產(chǎn)品，它的含義比produce廣，是可數(shù)名詞。
(3)production指生產(chǎn)的動作或產(chǎn)量(不可數(shù)名詞)；也指生產(chǎn)的結(jié)果，特指詩歌、雕刻、繪畫等文學(xué)藝術(shù)作品(可數(shù)名詞)。

①　burn down (被)燒毀(P36)

(1)單句語法填空
①They came back to find that their house ________ (burn) down.
②The clothing on his back got burnt ________ in the fire.
答案：①had burnt/had burned　②away
(2)單句寫作
The spacecraft ________________ as it entered the Earth's atmosphere.
宇宙飛船進(jìn)入地球大氣層時被燒毀。
答案：burnt/burned up

burn away使燒掉，燒光
burn up被焚毀，被燒掉
burn sth. out 把某物燒成空架子
burn sb. up 使某人大怒
burn sth. off 燒掉，燒除

burn down, burn out和burn up這三個短語都可表示“燒光”。其區(qū)別是：
(1)burn down強(qiáng)調(diào)把某物“燒毀”，作及物動詞短語或不及物動詞短語。
(2)burn out強(qiáng)調(diào)“燃燒完了”，沒有可燃的東西了，為及物動詞短語。
(3)burn up表示“被燒毀”，側(cè)重結(jié)果，為不及物動詞短語。
②　take part in 參加(P36)

(1)單句語法填空
①All the villagers, men and women, old and young, ________ (take) part in the battle against the drought.
②Besides ________ (take) part in performing activities, I also used my experience and knowledge to teach students.
答案：①took　②taking
(2)單句寫作
Some of the staff are also actively ____________________ social services.
一些員工也對參與社會服務(wù)表現(xiàn)非常積極。
答案：taking part in

take care of照顧
take action行動起來；采取行動
take a chance冒險
take your chances 碰運氣
take pride in以……為自豪
③　depend on 根據(jù)，依據(jù)(P39)

(1)單句語法填空
①I depended ________ the map, but actually it was wrong.
②He either resigned or was sacked, ________ (depend) on who you talk to.
答案：①on　②depending
(2)單句改錯
①He knew he could depend for you to deal with the situation.
______________________________________________________________
②Can we depend on that you are able to do it well?
______________________________________________________________
答案：①for→on?、趏n后加it

(1)depend on it that ... 請放心/請相信……；指望……
depend on sb. to do sth.指望某人做某事
(2)rely on依靠，依賴

depend on和rely on這兩者都表示“依靠”。其區(qū)別是：
(1)depend on強(qiáng)調(diào)從這個人或這件事中很可能得到支持或幫助，而rely on強(qiáng)調(diào)憑以往的經(jīng)驗來判斷是否可以相信或依賴。
(2)depend on著重指客觀事實，諸如能力、財力等不得不“依靠”或“指望”；rely on常側(cè)重從人品、感情方面“依賴，信賴”。
④　get married 結(jié)婚(P41)

(1)單句語法填空
①If we ever got ________ (marry), we'd have one terrific wedding.
②She was determined to marry all of her daughters ________ rich men.
答案：①married　②to
(2)單句改錯
They have gotten married for three months.
______________________________________________________________
答案：gotten→been

be married結(jié)婚
be married to嫁給……，與……結(jié)婚

短語be married側(cè)重狀態(tài)，表示“結(jié)婚多久”，可跟時間段作狀語；而get married側(cè)重動作，不跟時間段作狀語，可用“... ago”作狀語。
⑤　carry on 繼續(xù)，堅持(P42)

(1)單句語法填空
①It didn't seem possible, but we carried on ________ (eat)．
②I can't carry on ________ my life as if nothing had happened.
答案：①eating?、趙ith
(2)單句寫作
The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if ______________ regularly, can improve our health.
這項實驗表明，有規(guī)律地進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)倪\動能夠改善我們的健康狀況。
答案：carried out

carry on doing sth. 繼續(xù)做某事，堅持做某事
carry on with sth. 繼續(xù)某事
carry out 履行；實施；開展；完成(任務(wù))
⑥　put up豎起，建造，搭建；張貼；為……提供住宿(P42)

(1)單句語法填空
①We have no idea when a notice ________ (put) up at the school gate.
②They ________ (put) up many high-rise buildings for rent recently.
答案：①was put　②have put
(2)單句寫作
We shall be happy ____________________ when you come to town next month.
你們下個月到城里來時我們將很樂意為你們提供住宿。
答案：to put you up

put sth. across使……被理解
put an end to結(jié)束，終止
put aside放在一邊；撇開
put away 放好；處理掉；儲存……備用
put down放下；鎮(zhèn)壓
put forward提出；提前
put off拖延，推遲
put out撲滅

短語put up和set up都表“搭建，豎起”時，可通用；但是set up還可以表示一個組織、黨派、機(jī)構(gòu)、國家等的“建立”。

①　[教材原句]On this day, the moon is said to be its biggest and brightest.
據(jù)說這一天的月亮是最大最亮的。(P36)

(1)單句語法填空
①It ________ (say) that they left for Jiangxi Province yesterday.
②She is reported to ________ (work) in that company for three years.
答案：①is said?、趆ave worked
(2)單句寫作
______________ that they didn't pass the exam this time, which makes them uncomfortable.
據(jù)說這次他們沒有通過考試，這使他們很不舒服。
答案：It is said

句型：Sb./Sth.＋be＋said/reported/thought/believed ... ＋不定式(短語)表示“據(jù)說/據(jù)報道/人們認(rèn)為某人/某物……”

句型“Sb./Sth.＋be＋said/reported/thought/believed ... ＋不定式(短語)”可以與“It＋be＋said/reported/thought/believed ... ＋that＋sb./sth.＋謂語＋其他”相互轉(zhuǎn)換。
He is said to leave for Beijing next week.
→It is said that he will leave for Beijing next week.
據(jù)說他下周要去北京。
②　[教材原句]However, you ought not to go to the ceremony because it is only for close family.
但是，你不應(yīng)該去參加那個儀式，因為它只是親近的家人參加的。(P40)

(1)單句語法填空
①You ought to ________ (come) to the meeting. It was interesting.
②If he started out at nine, he ought ________ (be) here by now.
答案：①have come　②to be
(2)單句寫作
We ____________________ more social events.
我們應(yīng)當(dāng)組織更多的社交活動。
答案：ought to organize

句型：主語＋ought to＋謂語動詞＋其他

本句中ought to相當(dāng)于should，其否定式為ought not to，作情態(tài)動詞使用時，ought to含有根據(jù)客觀實情“應(yīng)該”；而should多用于表示說話人的意愿。
③　[教材原句]We seriously wrote “Father Christmas, the North Pole” on the envelope, before giving them to our mother to post.
我們認(rèn)真地在信封上寫了“圣誕老人，北極”，然后將它們交給我們的母親讓她寄出去。(P42)

(1)單句語法填空
①He spent his early life in Jinan before ________ (move) to Binzhou.
②We should warm up before ________ (do) some exercises.
答案：①moving　②doing
(2)單句寫作
We waited three months ____________________________ the specialist.
我們等了三個月才回去見那位專家。
答案：before going back to see

句型：before＋doing ... 是一個時間狀語從句的簡化形式。

當(dāng)狀語從句的主語與主句的主語相同時，從句可用非謂語動詞的形式簡化。
④　[教材原句]I put so much food in my mouth sometimes that it was hard to swallow.
我往嘴里塞如此多的食物，有時都難以吞下。(P42)

(1)單句語法填空
①Some travellers' behaviour during the journey can be hard ________ (explain)．
②This classical poem is hard ________ (understand)．
答案：①to explain?、趖o understand
(2)單句寫作
The problem ______________ for us ________________ in such a short time.
對于我們來說，在那么短的時間內(nèi)解決這個問題很困難。
答案：is difficult; to work out

句型：主語＋be＋adj.＋不定式(短語)

在本句型中，不定式與主語之間有邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，但不定式常用主動式。
課文回練升華運用
根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
The Mid-Autumn Festival is in September or October, which 　1　 (celebration) by the Chinese people all over the world. It is 　2　 special occasion for family and also a day for some special 　3　 (tradition) foods like moon cakes.
The Lantern Festival falls on the 15th day of the first lunar month, 　4　 (mark) the end of the Chinese New Year celebrations. It is said 　5　 there are many stories about how the Lantern Festival started. In one story, lanterns were lit to celebrate the power of light over 　6　 (dark). In another one a god who wanted to burn down the town was fooled 　7　 he saw thousands of lanterns, thinking the town was already burning.
In the past, lanterns were usually lit by candles and 　8　 (decorate) with pictures of birds, animals and flowers. The special food for the festival is the sweet dumpling boiled and 　9　 (serve) in hot water.
The Dragon Boat Festival, whose special food is zongzi, started over 2,000 years ago. In recent years, people from other cultures besides the Chinese 　10　 (take) part in the dragon boat races.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________
5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________
9．________　10.________
答案：1.is celebrated　2.a　3.traditional　4.marking
5．that　6.darkness　7.when　8.decorated　9.served　10.have taken

基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo) 自主訓(xùn)練
Ⅰ.單句語法填空
1．Oh, it is a fine day today. Perhaps it ________ last several days.
答案：can　表示某段時間內(nèi)的可能性應(yīng)該用情態(tài)動詞can。
2．Though she made some mistakes, you ________ (not) have said those words to her.
答案：shouldn't　句意：盡管她犯了些錯誤，但是你也不應(yīng)該對她說那樣的話。表示“本不應(yīng)該做，但事實上已經(jīng)做了”應(yīng)該用should not。
3．All the houses and other buildings have been ________ (destroy).
答案：destroyed　此處構(gòu)成動詞的被動語態(tài)，應(yīng)用destroy的過去分詞形式，直接加ed。
4．She is badly ill and in hospital. She ________ (attend) to by a 24-hour nursing staff.
答案：is attended　根據(jù)語境可知，she與attend to之間存在被動關(guān)系，故用is attended。
5．This is delicious. You ought ________ try some.
答案：to　ought to do sth. “應(yīng)該做某事”。
6．The hotel had a grand ________ (celebrate) for its opening.
答案：celebration　根據(jù)句子成分可知，作賓語應(yīng)該用名詞celebration。
7．He works out regularly and he is ________ (powerful) built.
答案：powerfully　此處應(yīng)用副詞修飾is built，意為“強(qiáng)健地，強(qiáng)壯地”。
8．If you want to apply ________ a good job, you should have more advantages over others.
答案：for　根據(jù)句意可知，表示“申請”應(yīng)該用apply for。
9．After the accident, the injured ________ (take) to hospital immediately.
答案：were taken　根據(jù)語境可知，the injured與take之間存在被動關(guān)系，且發(fā)生在過去，故用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。
10．Many buildings ________ (complete) by those skilled workers recently.
答案：have been completed　根據(jù)語境可知，buildings與complete之間存在被動關(guān)系，且有時間狀語recently，故應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)。
Ⅱ.單句寫作
1．The documents for which they were searching ________________________ (已經(jīng)找到).
答案：have been found
2．If I had been there then, ____________________________________________ (我會和他一起完成那項任務(wù)的).
答案：I would have finished the task with him
3．________________ his list of customers is a challenging job.
查閱他的客戶名單是個相當(dāng)費勁的活兒。
答案：Going through
4．______________________________________________________________?
你將依靠什么來辨別這兩個單詞的差異？(depend on)
答案：What will you depend on to tell the difference between these two words?
5．______________________________________________________________
據(jù)說他的哥哥已經(jīng)被北大錄取了。
答案：His brother is said to have been admitted into Peking University.
Ⅲ.語法填空
(2019·福建省廈門市高三年級第一次質(zhì)量檢查)To celebrate the Lantern Festival the Palace Museum organized its first light show in the Forbidden City.
The complex, home to Chinese emperors for five __1__ (century), was opened at night for the first time in 94 years. It was lit up with giant red lanterns and projections of ancient paintings. Masterpieces such as Along the River During the Qingming Festival were projected on the roofs, giving visitors a feeling like walking __2__ time. The design team smartly combined high technology __3__ (light) with the principles of cultural relic preservation.
Only 3,000 people __4__ (allow) in on that day: 500 people who booked their tickets online, and 2,500 __5__ (invite) guests including model workers, officers, soldiers, and ambassadors.
With __6__ series of well-planned and tourist-friendly cultural activities, the Palace Museum is now on a campaign to make traditional Chinese culture more __7__ (access) to the general public. It has set an example to other museums in our country, most of __8__ seem to be still living in days gone by. Hopefully, the handsome turnover will be used __9__ (appropriate) to better protect the Forbidden City and improve __10__ (it) international image of being part of the world's cultural heritage.
1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________
5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________
9．________　10.________
篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文。為了慶祝元宵節(jié)，故宮博物院在紫禁城舉辦了它的第一次燈展。文章介紹了有關(guān)這次燈展的內(nèi)容、觀眾、意義等內(nèi)容。
1．centuries　考查名詞。century是可數(shù)名詞，前面有five修飾，應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填centuries。
2．through　考查介詞。句意：“清明上河圖”等名作被投射在屋頂上，讓游客們有一種穿越時空的感覺。結(jié)合句意，該處指“在時間中穿過”，故填介詞through。
3．lighting　考查名詞。句意：設(shè)計團(tuán)隊巧妙地將高科技照明與文物保護(hù)原則結(jié)合起來。該空作動詞combine的賓語，且表示“照明”的意思，故填名詞lighting。
4．were allowed　考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。根據(jù)前兩段可知，該句敘述的是發(fā)生在過去的事情，應(yīng)用一般過去時態(tài)。且主語3,000 people和allow之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。故填were allowed。
5．invited　考查非謂語動詞。該空修飾名詞guests，且guests和invite之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用動詞的過去分詞作定語，故填invited。
6．a(chǎn)　考查冠詞。a series of ... “一系列的……”，固定搭配，故填冠詞a。
7．a(chǎn)ccessible　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：故宮博物院正在進(jìn)行一項運動，使中國傳統(tǒng)文化更容易為公眾所理解。此處為“make＋n.＋adj.”結(jié)構(gòu)，其中形容詞作賓語補足語。故該空應(yīng)填形容詞accessible。
8．which　考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。逗號后是非限制性定語從句，修飾museums，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作介詞of的賓語，指物，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)該從句。故填which。
9．a(chǎn)ppropriately　考查副詞。該空修飾動詞be used，應(yīng)該用副詞，故填appropriately。
10．its　考查代詞。該空修飾名詞image，應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞，故填its。
Ⅳ.短文改錯
(2019·石家莊市重點高中高三畢業(yè)班摸底考試)I'm more than pleasing to know that you are eager to learn Chinese. Confucius Institute may be a good choice, which is intended to the Chinese learners who they are not native. Confucius Institute provide various interesting subjects. You will learn Chinese history and traditional culture as well as Chinese written. Also, you have more chance to talk with classmates in Chinese. Besides, teachers will introduce some Chinese traditional festivals, such as the Spring Festival, Dragon Boat Festival or Mid-Autumn Festival. Some relevant activities will be holding during different festivals, such as making dumplings or eating zongzi, which you can not only enjoy delicious meals but also have good knowledge of Chinese life.
I hope you will find my recommendation helpful and attractive.
答案：
I'm more than to know that you are eager to learn Chinese. Confucius Institute may be a good choice, which is intended the Chinese learners who are not native. Confucius Institute various interesting subjects. You will learn Chinese history and traditional culture as well as Chinese . Also, you have more to talk with classmates in Chinese. Besides, teachers will introduce some Chinese traditional festivals, such as the Spring Festival, Dragon Boat Festival Mid-Autumn Festival. Some relevant activities will be during different festivals, such as making dumplings or eating zongzi, you can not only enjoy delicious meals but also have good knowledge of Chinese life.
I hope you will find my recommendation helpful and attractive.
難項分析：
第四處：provide→provides　考查主謂一致。根據(jù)語境可知，本句是對客觀事實的表達(dá)，且主語是單數(shù)形式，故謂語用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。
第八處：holding→held　考查動詞的語態(tài)。一些相關(guān)的活動將在不同的節(jié)日期間舉行。根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示被動的概念，即“be＋done”的形式，故用held。
第九處：which→where　考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，在從句中作地點狀語，修飾先行詞activities，故用關(guān)系詞where。