本單元詞匯梳理1. pera：歌劇誕生于16世紀(jì)末的意大利。最初，意大利人用短語pera in musica (wrks in music 音樂作品) 來表示歌劇，后來縮寫為單詞pera。2. mvement：mve + -ment 隱喻：具體的身體部位的“活動” → 抽象的政治、社會等方面的“運動”3. aspect： aspect (方面) 原本是一個天文學(xué)術(shù)語，表示“星體的相對位置”。它由“a- (t) + spect (t lk 看) ”構(gòu)成，字面意思就是“(星體相互) 觀看對方”。后來衍生出“看待事物的方式”“事物呈現(xiàn)出來的外觀”。 同根詞：respect4. prince：拓展 princess, king, queen 5. versin：隱喻：具體的書籍等的“版本” → 抽象的人描述某一事件的“版本、說法”
6. string：細(xì)繩，聯(lián)系rpe (粗繩)7. get acrss：get acrss sth / get sth acrss (t sb) (向某人) 解釋清楚某物 8. female：正式用語 (對應(yīng) wman)；拓展male (對應(yīng)man)9. technique：來自詞根techn- (art, skill 技術(shù))；同根詞：technlgy10. transfrm：trans- (int anther state 成為另一狀態(tài)) + frm (形成) → 使形成另一種狀態(tài) → 使改變形態(tài) 詞塊：transfrm sth / sb frm sth int sth11. universe：uni- (ne 一) + vers- (t turn 轉(zhuǎn)) → 轉(zhuǎn)為一體的 → 宇宙 用法：與the連用；派生詞：universal12. incredible：同義詞 unbelievable，意為“極好的；極大的”是非正式用語；派生詞：incredibly (必修二U1)13. energetic：energy (必修一U6) + -etic；詞源義：active, full f energy14. clap：擬聲詞，模仿鼓掌的聲音 詞塊：clap ne’s hands, clap sb / sth
15. edge：隱喻：具體的物體“邊緣”→ 抽象的“優(yōu)勢” 詞塊：n the edge f, have / gain an edge n / ver16. emtin：精準(zhǔn)的漢語釋義“強烈的情感 (a strng feeling)” 派生詞：emtinal17. anger：派生詞：angry；詞塊：in anger18. grief：尤指因某人去世而引起的“悲傷”，近義詞sadness19. cmbine：cm- (tgether 一起) + -bini (tw by tw 二)；基本義是“使兩者合在一起” 20. petry：詞族：pem, pet, petry21. explsive：詞族：explde, explsin, explsive22. tick all the right bxes：詞源：在填寫表格時，通常需要在相對應(yīng)符合條件的方框里打勾 (tick the bx)。tick all the bxes由此衍生，用來描述一個人或事物符合所有條件，故 “在所有的框里都打了勾” 23. applaud：具體的 “鼓掌” → 抽象的“稱贊”；派生詞：applause
24. grateful：近義詞：thankful 核心句式：be grateful t sb fr sth, I’d be grateful if yu culd …25. extremely：extreme (adj 極端的) + -ly，相當(dāng)于口語中very very26. vercme：詞塊：vercme the prblem / difficulty, be vercme with grief27. ballet：音譯詞“芭蕾” 詞源： ballet 來自意大利語 ballett (ball 舞會+ let 小形式)，最初指的是15世紀(jì)時流行于意大利宮廷中的一種舞蹈表演。ballet后興盛于法國，經(jīng)由法語進入英語，所以發(fā)音也具有法語特點，最后一個t不發(fā)音。28. absrbed：absrb (v 吸收)+ -ed (分詞形容詞) absrb：一詞多義，基本義“吸收” 詞塊：be absrbed in29. rmantic：音譯詞“羅曼蒂克 (浪漫的)”
30. dcumentary：dcument (n 文件) + -ary (構(gòu)成形容詞和名詞后綴)31. abslutely：abslute (adj 絕對的) + -ly32. episde：常用義：（電視劇中的）一集；美劇中的seasn（季）和episde（集）33. put n：一詞多義：基本義“把……放在……上”（由小品詞n決定）34. appealing：appeal (v 有吸引力) + -ing appeal：ap- (= ad, t 去) + -pel (t drive 驅(qū)動、推進) → 將某人趕到、驅(qū)使到某事物上，后衍生出“呼吁”等詞義 詞塊：appeal (t sb) fr sth, appeal t sb t d sth, appeal t sb
35. definitely：definite (adj 確定的，肯定的) + -ly； 近義詞 certainly；句子副詞36. plt：陰謀、密謀 → 小說的故事情節(jié) 名詞動詞化37. rude：近義詞implite，反義詞plite 核心句式：it’s rude (f sb) t d sth, be rude t sb38. transprt：trans- (int anther place) + -prt- (t carry 運輸、攜帶) 詞塊：public transprt 熟詞生義：使進入特定境地：Humr transprts yur mind away frm yur daily trubles. 2020 江蘇改39. arrangement：arrange + -ment (arrange基本義“排列”) 詞塊：make arrangements fr, flwer arrangement (插花)
absrb & absrbed
appeal & appealing
arrange & arrangement
《變形金剛》（Transfrmers）是歷史上最成功的商業(yè)動畫之一，最初改編自日本TAKARA TOMY公司的戴亞克隆和微星系列。它在玩具市場和音像市場上取得的成功是空前巨大的，以至于80年代一度風(fēng)靡全球，在亞歐美等多個國家都興起了一股“變形”熱，讓“transfrmers”成為全世界家喻戶曉的名詞。前后進行了真人電影化以及游戲化。
說出下列句子中畫線詞的釋義。1. Water can transfrm a desert int a garden. 2. The bk has been translated int thirty languages since it came n the market in 1973. 2010 重慶3. At present, lts f fd, water, tents, and medicine are being transprted t the earthquake-stricken areas. 2008 湖北4. The transatlantic flights fly acrss the Atlantic Ocean.5. This lcal cmpany has been taken ver by a transnatinal cmpany.
使改變 (desert → garden)
翻譯 (ne language → anther language)
運輸 (ne place → anther place)
由上面的句子可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，前綴trans-加在單詞前構(gòu)成動詞，意思是 “進入（另一地方）”或“成為（另一狀態(tài)）(int anther place r state)”；構(gòu)成形容詞，意思是“橫穿；超越 (acrss; beynd)”。
橫渡大西洋的 (acrss the Atlantic Ocean)
跨國的 (acrss the natins)
根據(jù)trans-前綴的意思，結(jié)合語境猜測下列句子中畫線詞的意思。
1. Dctrs transplanted a dead persn’s heart int a tw-year-ld child.2. We were transferred frm ne bus int anther.3. Yu are nt planning t transfer t a different university next year, are yu? 2014 上海
詞源義：“角、邊緣、尖 ” (crner, edge, pint)，基本義是“邊緣”。
edge n [C]? 邊；邊緣：Billy sat n the edge f the desk, swinging his legs. He std at the water’s edge staring acrss the lake. Yu Min is a leading scientist at the cutting edge f nuclear technlgy.? 刀口；刃；利刃：The knife has n / a sharp edge. ? 優(yōu)勢
優(yōu)于其他事物的“邊緣”
have / gain an edge n / ver 比……占優(yōu)勢；勝過：I can’t beat yu at tennis, but I have / gain an edge n yu in ping-png. n the edge f 在……邊緣；……快要發(fā)生 (尤指不好的事)：Peple seemed t be living n the edge f their nerves.n the edge f ne’s seat 極為激動；異常興奮：The game had the crwd n the edge f their seats.■ vi & vt (使) 徐徐移動；給……加邊：She edged a little clser t me.
邊緣edge（基本義）
? vi & vt (使) 結(jié)合；(使) 組合： Thery must be cmbined with practice. The idea f garden city was t cmbine the best f twn and cuntry in a new kind f settlement. 2011 江西改
cmbine由cm- (tgether) + -bini (tw by tw)構(gòu)成。詞源同tw。基本義是“使兩者合在一起”。
【詞匯拓展】cmbinatin n 結(jié)合 (體)；聯(lián)合 (體)；混合
? vt 兼?zhèn)洌患骖櫍? The htel cmbines cmfrt and cnvenience. Like her mther Marie Curie, Irene cmbined family and career.
? vi & vt (使) 化合；(使) 混合： Steel is prduced by cmbining irn with carbn.
cmbine既可以指物理屬性發(fā)生變化的化合又可指物理屬性未發(fā)生變化的混合。
cmbine語義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖
cmbine合在一起(基本義)
(使) 化合；(使) 混合
(使) 結(jié)合；(使) 組合
(使) 抽象的事物“合在一起”
(使)具體的物質(zhì)“合在一起”
把兩件或以上的事“合在一起”
把兩個或多個特點“合在一起”
? 戰(zhàn)勝；克服：vercme the enemy / the difficultiesIf yu wrk hard, yu will vercme this prblem. ? [常用于被動語態(tài)] 受到……的極大影響：Overcme by curisity, the by lked ut the windw. Her parents were vercme with grief at the funeral.
vercme (vercame, vercme) vt
t absrb the impact
absrb 詞源解讀
absrb的詞源義及基本義是“suck in”，意為“吸吮、吸收”
? 吸收 t take in and hld sth (a liquid, heat, etc.)：A transparent bject desn’t absrb light. 2015 北京改One hectare f frest can absrb 23 tns f carbn dixide per year.? 吸納 t take sth int sth larger, s that it becmes part f it：Service wrk absrbed a great number f wmen wh arrived in the cities frm the cuntry.
? 理解；掌握 t take sth int the mind and learn r understand it (take in)：absrb new knwledge / infrmatin I’ve just been s busy studying and trying t absrb all the new things arund me. ? 吸引；使專心 t interest sb s much that they dn’t pay attentin t ther things：This wrk has absrbed him fr years. ? 緩沖：Well-designed sprts shes shuld absrb the impact n yur feet.
“吸收”個體成為集體的一部分
“吸收”知識、信息等并掌握
“吸收”某人的注意力、興趣等
absrbed adj 專心致志的；全神貫注的：When smething did interest me, I culd becme absrbed. 2016 北京(be) absrbed in:When deeply absrbed in wrk, he always frgets all abut eating r sleeping. 2012 北京改
put n clthes
put n a perfrmance
put a tax n
put n a lt f weight
? 穿上；戴上 反 take ff ；抹： Remember t put n mre clthes t keep warm. Prtect yur skin — put n sunscreen right as yu head utside. 2019 全國? 使運轉(zhuǎn)；播放： I put n the car flashlights and drve n at a really lw speed. 2011 廣東 I didn’t see him but I heard him put n his favurite CD.
? 增加 (gain)： He’s put n a lt f weight.
? 上演 (戲劇等)： We nce put n a perfrmance f Hamlet.
? 征收 (稅金等)；施加 (壓力)；將……歸咎： put a tax n They put pressure n her t resign. He put the blame fr his failure n me.
把……放在……上（基本義）
把金錢加在某金額上把壓力、責(zé)備等放在人身上
征收 (稅金等)；施加 (壓力)；將……歸咎
put n 語義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖
各類軟件的賬戶如果無法登陸時，我們會用到這一功能，以此賬戶申訴找回賬戶密碼重新登陸?！百~戶申訴”英文為“Accunt Appeal”。
ap- (= ad, t 去) + -pel (t drive 驅(qū)動、推進) ，將某人趕到、驅(qū)使到某事物上，即要“呼喊”“呼叫”(t call)，基本義為“呼喊”“呼叫”。
appeal ■ v? vi 呼吁；懇請： ① appeal (t sb) (fr sth):The plice are appealing t the public fr any infrmatin abut the missing girl. ② appeal t sb t d sth:The gvernment is appealing t everyne t save water.
? vi 有吸引力；有感染力：Sprt has becme an imprtant frm f entertainment, appealing t bth men and wmen. 2011 江西? vi & vt 上訴；申訴：She’s nt happy with the decisin and plans t appeal. ? vi 啟發(fā)；激發(fā)： They needed t appeal t his sense f justice.
appeal ■ n ?[C] & [U] 呼吁；懇請： make / launch an appeal fr mney and clthesThe rganizatin has made / launched an appeal t the public t raise ￡150,000 fr the sick kid. ? [U] 吸引力；魅力：Small cars are ecnmical f fuel,s they have / hld wide / ppular / mre appeal fr cnsumers. ? [C] & [U] 上訴；申訴；上訴權(quán)：The sentence was reduced t three years n appeal.
appeal語義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖
“呼叫”起某人的想法、情感等
appealing adj 有吸引力的；懇求的：Harry Ptter stries are s appealing that they encurage children t read mre. The pet dg lked at her master with an appealing and frightened lk.
有哪些詞可以表示有吸引力的，吸引眼球的？
eye-catching
fascinating
breath-taking
arrange (fresh / artificial) flwersflwer arrangement
arrange v? vt 排列；整理 t put sth in a particular rder：Yu can arrange things frm beginning t end, small t large r by sme ther rder. 2012 陜西? vt & vi 安排；籌劃： My dad arranged sme swimming lessns t surprise me. arrange (fr sb / sth) t d sth:（重點詞塊）Dave arranged fr smene t drive him hme. ? vt 編寫 / 改編 (樂曲) t write r change a piece f music： write and arrange musical cmpsitins
arrange語義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖
排列arrange(基本義)
編寫 / 改編（樂曲）
arrangement n? [C] [常用復(fù)數(shù)] 安排；籌備 a plan r preparatin：travel arrangements Our cllege is t make arrangements fr the meeting. ? [C] [常用復(fù)數(shù)] 安排方式 the way things are dne r rganized：The airprt is currently reviewing its new security arrangements. ? [C] & [U] 排列；布置 a grup f things that are put in a particular way：the seating arrangements ? [C] & [U] 商定；約定 sth that has been rganized r agreed n (agreement)：We have cme t an arrangement — she gives me a ride t schl and I help her with her English.
1. Thery must be cmbined with practice.2. If yu wrk hard, yu will vercme this prblem. 3. When deeply absrbed in wrk, he always frgets all abut eating r sleeping.4. He’s put n a lt f weight. 5. The gvernment is appealing t everyne t save water. 6. Sprt has becme an imprtant frm f entertainment, appealing t bth men and wmen.7. Harry Ptter stries are s appealing that they encurage children t read mre. 8. Our cllege is t make arrangements fr the meeting.
transfrm & transprt
寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1. The car transfrmed America frm a farm-based sciety int an industrial pwer. (2018 浙江) _____________ 2. The car is a cnvenient means f transprt. (2014 天津) _____________3. Furteen wlves were caught in Canada and transprted t the park. (2017 全國) _____________4. The film transprts yu back t China in the 1980s. _____________5. It is easy t g anywhere frm the htel by public transprt. (2012 陜西) _____________
寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1. Dn’t put that glass s near the edge f the table. _____________ 2. He handed me a knife with a sharp edge. _____________3. Having spent a year in New Yrk, she hped she wuld have the edge ver the ther language students. _____________4. He edged clser t the telephne, ready t grab it. _____________5. The game had the crwd n the edge f their seats. _____________6. Develpments in cmputer chip (芯片) design are at the cutting edge f the technlgical revlutin (革命). _____________
一、在空白處填入cmbine的正確形式。1. — In this day and age, wmen can have children and jbs as well. — I can’t agree mre. It’s great t have the tw __________. (2010 福建)2. In recent years an English wrd “infsphere” has appeared, ____________ the sense f “infrmatin” and “atmsphere”. (2015 福建)3. The ____________ weight f the earth’s bacteria is 400 billin tns. 4. I knw hw I achieved my success. It came frm gd planning and better ding ___________. (2016 浙江)5. The _____________ f Fx and Disney will lead t billins f dllars in “synergies” (合并).
二、根據(jù)所給提示，用cmbine翻譯下列句子。1. 把工作和娛樂結(jié)合起來對你來說是件好事。(it作形式主語, business)________________________________________________________________________________________________2. 我們?nèi)栽趯ふ壹婢咚斜匾焚|(zhì)的人選。(定語從句) ________________________________________________________________________________________________
We are still lking fr smene wh cmbines all the necessary qualities.
It will be a gd thing fr yu t cmbine business and / with pleasure.
根據(jù)所給提示，將下列句子譯成英語。1. 要不是老師們的支持，我無法克服這個困難。(2017 江蘇) Were it nt fr the supprt f the teachers, _____________________________________________.2. 她終于克服了上課時的羞怯。(manage)______________________________________________________3. 她激動得難以自持，有好幾分鐘說不出話來。(emtin)_____________________________, she fund herself unable t speak fr a few minutes.
I culd nt vercme the difficulty
Overcme with / by emtin
Eventually she managed t vercme her shyness in class.
一、選出畫線詞的正確釋義。a. 理解 b. 吸收 c. 緩沖 d. 吸引__________ 1. When cndrs (禿鷹) eat dead bdies f ther animals cntaining lead (鉛), they absrb large quantities f lead. (2016 北京)__________ 2. While watching TV, children d nt merely absrb wrds and images (影像). (2015 廣東)__________ 3. The mvement and nise f the machines absrbed him cmpletely. __________ 4. Jump with yur knees bent, s they absrb less impact.
二、將下列句子譯成英語。1. 由于專注于他的工作，他都沒聽到人們進來。 __________________________________________________2. 她坐在椅子上專注地看書。__________________________________________________三、選出畫線詞的正確釋義。承擔(dān) b. 消耗 c. 并入__________ 1. Defence spending absrbs almst 20% f the cuntry’s wealth.__________ 2. The cmpany is unable t absrb such huge lsses.__________ 3. The surrunding (周圍的) small twns have been absrbed int the city.
Absrbed in his wrk, he didn’t hear peple cme in.
She sat n the chair, absrbed in her bk.
《麥克白》(Macbeth)是英國劇作家莎士比亞創(chuàng)作的戲劇，創(chuàng)作于1606年。講述了利欲熏心的國王和王后對權(quán)力的貪婪及其統(tǒng)治最后被推翻的過程。
寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1. I put n hand cream whenever my hands get dry. __________2. Firstly, please d remember t put n sme cmfrtable shes. (2016 全國) ___________3. The lcal drama club is putting n Macbeth. ___________4. She put n sme music while they ate. ___________
一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。 1. Besides, businesses seek t appeal t custmers’ senses. (2015 重慶) ______________ 2. Reality TV seems t appeal much mre t the yunger audience. (2008 上海) ______________ 3. In 1887, she appealed t the Manitba Legislature (立法機關(guān)) t issue a licence (執(zhí)照) t her but they, t, refused. (2014 山東) ______________ 4. What I am eager t d is t raise peple’s awareness f animal prtectin and appeal t mre peple t care fr ur earth cmpanies. (2011 重慶) ______________
二、根據(jù)句意，用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空。1. Lisa See has written several best-selling nvels abut Chinese-related subjects. She says thse themes have special appeal _________ her.2. The fd especially appeals ________ health-cnscius eaters because each dish is very healthy, made with limited fat and il and served straight ff the grill (烤肉架). (2011 湖南)3. They have appealed __________ the internatinal cmmunity __________ assistance, as mre strms are expected t hit sn.4. Tday, WHO has launched an appeal, thrugh the United Natins, ___________ funding t supprt the emergency respnse t this utbreak.
一、寫出下列句子中畫線詞的漢語釋義。1. The secretary arranged a cnvenient time and place fr the applicants t have an interview. (2012 天津) __________2. The children were arranged in lines accrding t height. __________3. He arranged traditinal flk sngs fr the pian. __________二、根據(jù)所給漢語，用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~塊完成下列句子。1. I’ve ________________________ (安排和一個朋友一起去) t a new Chinese restaurant dwntwn. (2009 湖南)2. Beth _________________ (安排了一個會議) with the marketingdirectr.
arranged t g with a friend
arranged a meeting
3. If yu are interested, please sign up at the ffice befre 5:00 pm next Thursday s that we will ____________________________ (做出必要的安排). (2009遼寧 書面表達)4. The schl _____________________ (與……有協(xié)議) lcal businesses.5. There are __________________ (特殊的安排) fr peple wrking verseas.6. The huse was always decrated with imaginative __________________ (插花).
make necessary arrangements
has an arrangement with
special arrangements
flwer arrangements

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高中英語外研版 (2019)必修 第二冊電子課本

Unit 4 Stage and screen

版本： 外研版 (2019)

年級： 必修 第二冊

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