必修三Unit 4 Space exploration 單元測試卷（考試時間：100分鐘   分值：100分）班級：_________   姓名：__________   得分：__________ 一、單詞拼寫（共10小題；每小題0.5分，滿分5分）1. It has passed through an interesting _______ (程序) of evolution.2. Poor housing and family stress can affect both physical and ______ (精神的) health.3. The stone rolled down the mountain by _______ (重力).4. The red traffic light indicates that every person and _______ (車輛) must stop.5. The world record of spacewalks is held by Russian _______ (宇航員) Anatoly Solovyev.6. Water is becoming an increasingly precious _______ (資源).7. The company will _______ (上市) a new model next month.8. Chest pains can be a warning _______ (信號) of heart problems.9. Your doctor will _______ (監(jiān)測) your blood pressure.10. We are going to _______ (回收利用) all our empty glass bottles. 二、單句語法填空（共10小題；每小題0.5分，滿分5分）1. Too bad he used his _______ (intelligent) for criminal purposes.2. The parents were __________ (determine) that the two girls should be fully self-supporting.3. There are benefits to being a single __________ (independence) woman.4. They may only have a __________ (limit) amount of time to achieve their goal.5. _________ (globe) warming is a real problem.6. There is a strong __________ (argue) for lowering the price.7. I find it really hard to drag myself out and exercise ______ (regular).8. The whole thing seems very _______ (mystery).9. He made a very thorough __________ (analyse) on the situation.10. This is the first time she has experienced __________ (disappointed). 三、完成句子（共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分）1. 百分之五十的交通事故會導(dǎo)致頭部受傷。Fifty percent of traffic accidents can _______________ head injuries.2. 當我?guī)缀跻艞壍臅r候，我的老師鼓勵我堅持下去。When I was about to give up, my teacher encouraged me to _______________.3. 我認為我需要一些時間把問題弄清楚。I think it will take me some time to _______________ the problem. 4. 有太多的問題要處理，我哥哥擔憂得吃不下任何東西。With so many problems to solve, my brother was too worried _______________.5. 據(jù)說到2050年世界上的淡水將會耗盡。It is said that the world would _______________ of fresh water in 2050. 四、閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AMake Space in Your Summer for Free FunYou don’t have to go to the moon to meet an astronaut; You can do it at the Air and Space Museum on July 16.Pioneering pilot Amelia Earhart disappeared on a flight around the globe in 1937. But she’ll be at the National Air and Space Museum on July 16 — the museum’s first Family Day of the season — to tell you all about her adventures. (Okay, it’s actually an actress pretending to be Earhart.) NASA astronaut Patrick Forrester will be there to answer your questions, too. Come and learn how space exploration changed the world.Another Family Day event takes place on July 25. At “Discover the Moon Day!” you can steer (駕駛) a robotic rover (a vehicle for exploring the surface of a planet), examine meteorites (隕石) that were found on the moon, see the capsule (太空艙) that took the Apollo 11 astronauts there and back and view photos of the lunar surface using 3-D glasses.You can create lunar art and take a moon quiz. We’ll give you one example: July 20, 1969. Do you know what happened that day?National Air and Space MuseumIndependence Avenue at Sixth Street SWOpen daily 10 am to 7:30 pm through September 1 (with a few early closings at 5:30 pm; visit our website for details).Family Day programmes are from 10 am to 3 pm.Information specialists are available Monday through Friday from 9 am to 5 pm and Saturday from 9 am to 4 pm. All ages, but best for age 7 and older.For more information, call 202-633-2214 or go to www.airandspace.si.edu. 1. What can museum visitors do on July 16?A. Create lunar art.B. Step into an unusual capsule.C. See a movie about Earhart’s adventures.D. Learn about a missing woman pilot’s life. 2. What do we know about “Discover the Moon Day!”?A. It includes a moon quiz competition.B. It’s the first Family Day at the museum.C. It features a famous astronaut’s explanations.D. It gives people first-hand experience of space.3. What’s the closing time for the Family Day programmes?A. 3 pm. B. 4 pm. C. 5:30 pm. D. 7:30 pm. BAn Oregon witness at Hood River reported watching two cigar-shaped objects that stopped and hovered (盤旋). He was in a car driven by her mother at 2:06 pm on July 18, 2018.The witness stated, “I was in the passenger seat. My mom then pointed to two white lines in the sky. They were far off and too big to be an airplane. The lines were surely not made by airplanes because there was no tail or wings. These were just straight white, cigar-shaped lines in the sky. They appeared to be headed eastward before they stopped and started hovering.”“While I was thinking about what the cigar-like objects might be, I did forget to record. After a while, they moved northward, disappearing into a thundercloud (雷雨云), in which an airplane could not go. Also, I noticed the two objects were flying very close to each other, and I know commercial (商業(yè)的) airliners do not do that. The way that the objects were flying was as if they were formation flying.”The witness did not feel like the objects were presenting a possible danger in any way.“People in movies tend to make UFOs seem like dangerous things that come to the Earth to kill humans. But these objects only appeared to be looking at the Earth below. I was not frightened by these objects, and I was left with many questions instead: What were they here for? Did anyone else see them? And why had they come to the earth?”“When my mom and I came home we told my dad and brother about the strange event. They did not believe us though. And because we don’t have any pictures or videos, this event will be considered as another product of human imagination or a joke. Though I do accept that not everything on the Internet is real, I know what I saw. The UFOs that I saw were real,” said the witness. 4. Which of the following correctly describes the two UFOs?A. They kept their distance. B. They flew in a special way.C. They made a noise like thunder. D. They were half the size of airplanes.5. What did the witness think of the UFOs?A. They were carrying out a task. B. They provided ideas for movies.C. They seemed harmless to the Earth. D. They seemed frightened of humans.6. How did the witness feel about the UFOs?A. Afraid. B. Excited. C. Confused. D. Uninterested.7. Why did the witness think people didn’t believe his story?A. He couldn’t prove it.B. He didn’t believe it himself.C. They had heard too many similar stories.D. They might think he copied it from the Internet. CEdmund Halley was an English scientist who lived over 200 years ago. He studied the observations of comets (彗星) which other scientists had made. The orbit of one particular comet was a very difficult mathematical problem. He could not figure it out. Neither could other scientists who dealt with such problems.However, Halley had a friend named Newton, who was a brilliant mathematician. Newton thought he had already worked out that problem, but he could not find the papers on which he had done it. He told Halley that the orbit of a comet had the shape of an ellipse (橢圓).Now Halley set to work. He figured out the orbits of some of the comets that had been observed by scientists. He made a surprising discovery. The comets that had appeared in the years 1531, 1607, and 1682 all had the same orbit. Yet their appearances had been 75 to 76 years apart.This seemed very strange to Halley. The different comets followed the same orbit. The more Halley thought about it, the more he thought that there had not been three different comets, as people thought. He decided that they had simply seen the same comet three times. The comet had gone away and had come back again.It was an astonishing idea! Halley felt certain enough to make a prediction of what would happen in the future. He decided that this comet would appear in the year 1758. There were 53 years to go before Halley’s prediction could be tested. In 1758 the comet appeared in the sky. Halley did not see it, for he had died some years before. Ever since then that comet has been called Halley’s comet, in his honor. 8. Halley made his discovery ________.A. by doing experimentsB. by his own careful observationC. by using the work of other scientistsD. by chance9. Halley made a surprising, but correct prediction in the year ________.A. 1704 B. 1705 C. 1706 D. 1707 10. Which of the following is true according to the text?A. Halley was an American scientist.B. Newton was a famous mathematician.C. The orbit of a comet had the shape of a circle.D. Halley and Newton made the discovery of comets together.11. This passage in general is about ________.A. Newton and Halley B. the orbit of a cometC. Halley and his discovery D. Halley and other scientists DSix scientists received some good news: they were being treated to an eight-month, all free trip to Hawaii. There was just one little difficulty: they would be spending all eight months living under Mars-like conditions to simulate (模擬) a mission to the planet. They carried out their own research projects, as NASA researchers watched to see whether they developed cabin fever (幽閉煩躁癥), a feeling of upset and impatience when people have been inside for too long. The mission is in the hope of better understanding life on Mars.For the mission, surfing, fresh air and sunshine were all off the menu. During the eight months, the scientists had to live together in just 1,300 square feet of living space, built on the side of the Mauna Loa (a volcano). Whenever they wanted to take a short walk outside their “house”, they had to put on a 40-pound spacesuit. As if to make things even tougher, showers were limited to eight minutes each week.Perhaps it should not be overly surprising that with the six having now completed their mission, they said re-entering the outside world was “a big joy”.One possible reason why the six survived could be found in their blogs. The mission commander, Ms Lenio, said she learnt to play an instrument and improved her French. Another scientist, Sophie Milam, excitedly posted a model boat made out of sticks by herself.But it wasn’t all fun. About halfway through the mission, bad weather left them to use their solar-powered batteries. They had to gather closely together for warmth and limit energy use to just the important systems. Ms Lenio said, “If we had really been on Mars, that would have been life or death.”Luckily, it did seem that the scientists had succeeded in avoiding cabin fever — Ms Lenio referred to her partners as “lovely people”. 12. Why does the author mention a trip to Hawaii in paragraph 1?A. To introduce the special mission.B. To describe the easy life of scientists.C. To tell us Hawaii is popular among visitors.D. To show Hawaii is a perfect place to do research.13. What can we learn from the scientists’ blogs?A. Life on “Mars” was always colorful.B. They did what they liked to kill time.C. They were hopeless during the mission.D. They learned something from each other.14. What do Ms Lenio’s words in paragraph 5 mean?A. They wouldn’t meet the problem on Mars.B. The result would have been more serious on Mars.C. Ms Lenio felt lucky to survive the mission.D. The mission was actually meaningless.15. What may be the best title for the text?A. Scientists prove living on Mars is possibleB. Scientists learn a lot during their trip to MarsC. Six scientists’ trip to Hawaii simulates a mission to MarsD. Six scientists successfully complete their mission on Mars 五、七選五（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。How is eating in space different from eating on Earth?If you send astronauts into space, you have to send food along as well. But what do astronauts eat in space and how do they eat it?   1  The first and possibly the most important factor is nutrition.   2   Eating junk food, such as potato chips, would make the astronauts unhealthy.  3   If the food that has been provided is distasteful, then the astronauts may avoid eating it. If you’ve ever tried to concentrate on something important while your stomach doesn’t feel well, you’ll know why the scientists in charge of a space mission want their astronauts to eat regularly.The lack of gravity in a spacecraft also determines what foods can or cannot be eaten in space. Meals must be packaged carefully so they won’t spill (溢出) into the cabin. Water or tiny bits of food could get inside a machine or an electronic device and damage it.   4   A loose knife bouncing (彈起) around inside the cabin would be dangerous.Finally, weight is an important concern. The weight of every object included in a spacecraft must be calculated in order to ensure that there is enough fuel and power to carry the craft safely into space and back home again.   5   Most foods are stored in plastic bags, and often, the foods are dehydrated (使脫水). When an astronaut is ready to eat, hot water is added to the meal to warm it up.Except all these requirements, much of the food eaten in space is actually similar to what you might eat on any given day.A. Taste is also important.B. Food packaging is made to be as light as possible.C. Believe it or not, they also have fresh fruits and vegetables.D. Nutrition and practicality (實用) are important things to consider.E. For the same reason, sharp knives and forks are never used on board.F. Maintaining astronauts’ physical health is a top task for any space mission.G. Scientists take several factors into consideration as they plan meals for space. 六、完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Careers in science are generally believed too complex for students who aren’t talented or clever enough. However, Scott Kelly, a former commander of the International Space Station,   1   it’s wrong.As a kid, he was   2   and uninterested in science and all other   3   as well. He couldn’t   4   what the teachers were saying, spending most of his time in school   5  . Therefore, he earned terrible grades and barely graduated from high school, and he even thought he would never find his dreams.That all   6   when he picked up and read The Right Stuff, Tom Wolfe’s classic account of the pioneer Americans who first explored space.   7   at last, he was determined to be a(n)   8  , which meant doing well in science classes. From then on he   9   to do well in it.After so many years of daydreaming, it wouldn’t be   10  . But he started thinking about it like a game. The more he practiced his study skills, the more he   11   and the better he got.  12  , it became a(n) competition with himself to see how good he could get. No one was more surprised than him when a former daydreamer started getting straight A’s in science, which is extremely necessary to be an astronaut.So we need to stop   13   the statement that science is just too hard. If you have been told “you are not fit to learn science” or “your brain doesn’t think that way”, just   14   the comments. Everyone who wants to learn this object can do so — they just have to be   15   to do the work. 1. A. believed B. guessed C. proved D. thought2. A. absent-minded B. amazed C. devoted D. confused3. A. schedules B. goals C. subjects D. students4. A. work on B. set about C. think about D. focus on5. A. investigating B. daydreaming C. watching D. learning6. A. finished B. realized C. happened D. changed7. A. Encouraged B. Disappointed C. Satisfied D. Shocked8. A. writer B. astronaut C. scientist D. teacher9. A. determined B. managed C. refused D. continued10. A. creative B. easy C. possible D. wonderful11. A. gained B. agreed C. performed D. presented12. A. Particularly B. Surprisingly C. Fortunately D. Finally13. A. commenting B. breaking C. confirming D. spreading14. A. apply B. ignore C. return D. handle15. A. forced B. expected C. equal D. willing 七、語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）NASA has announced that it will open up International Space Station (ISS) for space tourism. This will allow private individuals to take a   1   (wonder) trip to space.NASA has hired two companies that will ensure crew composition (人員構(gòu)成) and provide training for space journey and medical requirements. Elon Musk’s SpaceX and Boeing   2   (be) the two companies for the mission.It is said that the price will add up to be about $58 million for one seat,   3   means it is impossible for an ordinary person to begin the journey. In addition, NASA will charge visitors for basic things like food and   4   (communicate) in the station.In the past, NASA did not allow any commercial use of the space station and prevented astronauts from   5   (conduct) any profit-based research. ISS   6   (build) at the beginning of 1998 with some other countries, so NASA does not own the station. US businessman, Dennis Tito was the first tourist   7   (visit) space in 2001. He paid Russia around $20 million for a space round trip.Space tourism will be done only twice a year, so it has a   8   (relative) limited profit. The main focus of   9   mission is to build up resources for the Moon Mission of 2024. NASA looks forward   10   the first Moon Mission of this decade. 八、寫作（滿分15分）假定你是紅星中學(xué)學(xué)生李華，你的美國朋友Jim得知你對探月感興趣，發(fā)來郵件和你討論該話題。請你給他回復(fù)郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1. 月亮在中國文化中的寓意；2. 你對人類探月活動的看法。注意：1. 詞數(shù)80左右（開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)）；2. 可適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。 Dear Jim,I’m glad to share with you more details about my strong interest in moon exploration.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,Li Hua
參考答案一、1. procedure 2. mental 3. gravity 4. vehicle 5. astronaut6. resource 7. launch 8. signal 9. monitor 10. recycle二、1. intelligence 2. determined 3. independent 4. limited 5. Global6. argument 7. regularly 8. mysterious 9. analysis 10. disappointment三、1. result in2. carry on3. figure out4. to eat anything5. run out四、A篇本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章是關(guān)于美國國家航空航天博物館的活動介紹。1. D  細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Pioneering pilot Amelia Earhart disappeared on a flight”和“on July 16 ... to tell you all about her adventures”可知，在7月16日博物館的家庭日活動中，游客可以了解一些關(guān)于失蹤的女飛行員Earhart的故事。故選D。2. D  細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中列舉的“發(fā)現(xiàn)月球日”活動：steer (駕駛) a robotic rover, examine meteorites (隕石), see the capsule (太空艙)和view photos of the lunar surface可知，該活動給人們提供親身體驗太空的機會。故選D。3. A  細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章后半部分中的“Family Day programs are from 10 am to 3 pm.”可知，家庭日的活動最晚到下午3點結(jié)束。故選A。B篇本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一個俄勒岡州的目擊者描述自己看到兩個雪茄形狀的物體的事實經(jīng)過。4. B  細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“The way that the objects were flying was as if they were formation flying.”可以推斷出，這兩個雪茄形狀的物體飛行方式很特別。故選B。5. C  細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“The witness did not feel like the objects were presenting a possible danger in any way.”可知，目擊者認為這兩個飛行器沒有危險。故選C。6. C  推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中“I was not frightened by these objects, and I was left with many questions instead: What were they here for? Did anyone else see them? And why had they come to the earth?”目擊者的一系列疑問可以推知，目擊者對于這兩個飛行器的出現(xiàn)是困惑的。故選C。7. A  細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“When my mom and I came home we told my dad and brother about the strange event. They did not believe us though. And because we don’t have any pictures or videos, this event will be considered as another product of human imagination or a joke.”可知，因為沒有視頻或任何圖片可以證實，所以目擊者的爸爸和哥哥不相信。故選A。C篇本文是一篇人物傳記。文章主要介紹了哈雷以及他發(fā)現(xiàn)哈雷彗星的故事。8. D  細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“He studied the observations of comets (彗星) which other scientists had made.”可知，哈雷的發(fā)現(xiàn)是在研究其他科學(xué)家們的觀察中得出來的。故選D。9. B  推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第一段的“He decided that this comet would appear in the year 1758. There were 53 years to go before Halley’s prediction could be tested.”可知，他預(yù)言彗星出現(xiàn)的時間是1758年，而這個預(yù)言還要經(jīng)過53年才能驗證，由此可以推斷出哈雷做這個預(yù)言的時間是1705年。故選B。10. B  細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“... Newton, who was a brilliant mathematician”可知，牛頓是一名數(shù)學(xué)家。故選B。11. C  主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文的主要內(nèi)容就是介紹哈雷以及他的發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選C。D篇本文是一篇說明文。六名科學(xué)家在夏威夷冒納羅亞火山上一個與世隔絕、靠太陽能電池供電的“船艙”里生活了八個月，完成了夏威夷太空探索仿真模擬實驗。A  推理判斷題。通讀第一段可知，作者以六名科學(xué)家即將去夏威夷度過為期八個月的“假期”為話題，引出了此次在夏威夷冒納羅亞火山進行的模擬火星生活的實驗。故選A。13. B  推理判斷題。第四段首句說到他們能夠度過這段時間的原因可以從他們的博客中找到。下文即舉例說明科學(xué)家們通過做自己愛好的事來打發(fā)時間，度過了為期八個月的“與世隔絕”的生活。故選B。14. B  推理判斷題。通讀倒數(shù)第二段可知，科學(xué)家們在此次實驗中遭遇了惡劣天氣導(dǎo)致的太陽能電池電量不足且生活面臨困難的情況。Ms Lenio說如果這真的發(fā)生在火星上的話，就事關(guān)他們的生死了。她的意思是如果電能不足的問題發(fā)生在火星上，會導(dǎo)致更嚴重的后果。故選B。15. C  標題歸納題。通讀文章可知，本文介紹了六名科學(xué)家在夏威夷冒納羅亞火山進行的模擬火星生活的實驗，實驗的目的是進一步了解在火星上生活可能會遇到的問題。故選C。五、本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了科學(xué)家在計劃太空用餐時需要考慮的幾個因素。1. G  通讀全文內(nèi)容可知，文章接下來介紹了科學(xué)家在計劃太空用餐時需要考慮的幾個因素，  G項承上啟下，符合語境。故選G。2. F  “The first and possibly the most important factor is nutrition.”是本段的主旨句，說明了營養(yǎng)是科學(xué)家在規(guī)劃宇航員用餐時需要重點考慮的因素；后文“Eating junk food, such as potato chips, would make the astronauts unhealthy.”說明了吃垃圾食品會使宇航員不健康。F選項“保持宇航員的身體健康是任何太空任務(wù)的首要任務(wù)”與本段主旨一致，且與后文形成對比關(guān)系；F項中的health與后文的unhealthy相對應(yīng)。故選F。3. A  設(shè)空為本段主旨句，根據(jù)后文“If the food that has been provided is distasteful, then the astronauts may avoid eating it.”說明了食物味道的重要性。A選項中的Taste與后文中的distasteful相對應(yīng)。故選A。4. E  由空前內(nèi)容可知，由于太空的零重力因素，食物有可能會灑落到機艙內(nèi)，對設(shè)備造成損壞；后文“A loose knife bouncing (彈起) around inside the cabin would be dangerous.”說明了刀在太空艙到處彈跳是危險的。E選項中的knives與后文的knife相對應(yīng)，the same reason就是指開頭的The lack of gravity。故選E。5. B  由本段的主旨句“Finally, weight is an important concern.”可知，重量也是一個很重要的因素。B選項中的light與本段首句的weight相對應(yīng)，packaging與后文的plastic bags相對應(yīng)。故選B。六、本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Scott Kelly起初對科學(xué)并不感興趣，但是找到了人生目標后，他開始努力學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)，最終實現(xiàn)了成為宇航員的目標。1. C  考查動詞辨析。此處表示國際空間站前指揮官Scott Kelly證明了這種觀點是錯誤的。However一詞說明上下文之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，結(jié)合下文中的“No one was more surprised than him when a former daydreamer started getting straight A’s”可知，Scott Kelly從一個做白日夢的人變成了一名優(yōu)等生，故可推知Scott Kelly證明了人們的這一想法是錯誤的。故選C。2. A  考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“uninterested in science”和“barely graduated from high school”可知，Scott Kelly小時候?qū)茖W(xué)不感興趣，高中勉強畢業(yè)，所以此處表示他心不在焉。absent-minded意為“心不在焉的”。故選A。3. C  考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)空前的“science and all other”可知，此處應(yīng)該是science的上義詞，subjects符合語境。故選C。4. D  考查動詞短語辨析。根據(jù)上文中的“uninterested in science and all other   3   as well”可知，Scott Kelly對學(xué)習(xí)不感興趣，所以在學(xué)校里無法把注意力集中在老師講的內(nèi)容上。work on“致力于”；set about“著手，開始做”；think about“考慮”；focus on“集中（注意力）于”。故選D。5. B  考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)上文描述可知，Scott Kelly對學(xué)習(xí)不感興趣，無法把注意力集中在老師講的內(nèi)容上，再結(jié)合第四段首句中的“After so many years of daydreaming”可知，他整天做白日夢。此處為原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選B。6. D  考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)下文的“started getting straight A’s”可知，Scott Kelly有了很大的轉(zhuǎn)變，故此處表示當他讀到湯姆·沃爾夫的經(jīng)典著作《真材實料》時，一切都改變了。故選D。7. A  考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)下文“at last he was determined to be a(n)”可知，他找到了自己的目標，所以他應(yīng)該是受到了書上內(nèi)容的鼓舞。故選A。8. B  考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)上文中的“who first explored space”和第四段尾句中的“which is extremely necessary to be an astronaut”可知，此處表示他決心成為一名宇航員。此處的astronaut和下文中的astronaut為原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選B。9. A  考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)上文可知，Scott Kelly下定決心要成為一名宇航員，故可知此處表示從那以后，他下定決心要學(xué)好科學(xué)課。此處的determined與上文中的determined屬于原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選A。10. B  考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)上文中的“so many years of daydreaming”并結(jié)合常識可知，對于多年來一直對學(xué)習(xí)不感興趣的Scott Kelly來說，學(xué)好科學(xué)課并不是一件容易的事。故選B。11. A  考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“the better he got”可知，他變得越來越好，故可推斷出他練習(xí)得越多，收獲就越多。gain“獲得”；agree“同意”；perform“執(zhí)行”；present“呈現(xiàn)”。故選A。12. D  考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)上文描述可知，他將學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)當作一項比賽，又結(jié)合下文中的“to see how good he could get”可知，最終這成了他與自己的一場競賽。故選D。13. D  考查動詞辨析。Scott Kelly從對科學(xué)不感興趣到成為科學(xué)學(xué)科的優(yōu)等生的經(jīng)歷說明“科學(xué)太難學(xué)”是錯誤的說法，所以我們應(yīng)該停止傳播這樣的說法。故選D。14. B  考查動詞辨析。根據(jù)上文中的“So we need to stop   13   the statement that science is just too hard.”可知，此處表示應(yīng)該忽視那些“你不適合學(xué)科學(xué)”之類的評論。故選B。15. D  考查形容詞辨析。Scott Kelly從對科學(xué)不感興趣到成為科學(xué)學(xué)科的優(yōu)等生的經(jīng)歷說明，只要愿意學(xué)習(xí)，每個人都可以學(xué)好科學(xué)。故選D。七、 本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了NASA聲稱將建立國際空間站供人們?nèi)ヌ章眯?，這將允許個人進行美妙的太空之旅。1. wonderful  考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子可知，空后的trip是名詞，修飾名詞應(yīng)用形容詞。故填wonderful。2. are  考查主謂一致和時態(tài)。分析句子可知，主語為Elon Musk’s SpaceX and Boeing這兩家公司，所以be動詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)；且此處表示的是客觀事實，因此時態(tài)應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時。故填are。3. which  考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處所在的句子為非限制性定語從句，空處指代前面整個句子。故填which。4. communication  考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處與名詞food并列，應(yīng)該填communicate的名詞形式。故填communication。5. conducting  考查非謂語動詞。此處為“prevent sb from doing sth”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“阻止某人做某事”。故填conducting。6. was built  考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，build和主語ISS為動賓關(guān)系，所以用被動語態(tài)，且根據(jù)時間狀語“at the beginning of 1988”可知，該句描述的是過去發(fā)生的事情，所以應(yīng)用一般過去時態(tài)。故填was built。7. to visit  考查非謂語動詞。此處為動詞不定式短語作定語。故填to visit。8. relatively  考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。修飾形容詞limited用副詞。故填relatively。9. the  考查冠詞。根據(jù)語境可知，此處特指“（NASA建立空間站的）這項任務(wù)”，所以應(yīng)用定冠詞修飾。故填the。10. to  考查介詞?！?/span>look forward to”為固定搭配，意為“期望某事”。故填to。八、Dear Jim,I’m glad to share with you more details about my strong interest in moon exploration.It started with what I had been told about the moon as a kid. In Chinese culture, the moon is a symbol of beauty and purity. Also, it reminds people of their family and friends far away.Humans have never stopped exploring our closest neighbor, which I believe is of great significance. The development of relevant technology promotes the progress of science in general, which benefits our everyday life. What’s more, I think moon exploration shows an important human trait — curiosity about the unknown, which is the driving force that has brought us humans this far.What do you usually think about when you gaze at the moon?Yours,Li Hua 

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