一、語法填空
1．She gt int an (argue) with her husband abut wh was t blame fr accident.
【答案】argument
【詳解】考查名詞。句意：她和丈夫就誰該為事故負(fù)責(zé)的問題吵了起來。根據(jù)空格前的冠詞 an可知，空格處應(yīng)填名詞作賓語，結(jié)合漢語提示“爭論”是argument，為可數(shù)名詞。故填argument。
2．He was late a result f the rain.
【答案】as
【詳解】考查介詞。句意：他因?yàn)橄掠赀t到了。短語as a result f表示“由于”。故填as。
3．Peter and his father g t the gym twice every week. (regular)
【答案】regularly
【詳解】考查副詞。句意：彼得和他父親每周定期去兩次健身房。修飾動詞短語g t the gym需用副詞regularly，作狀語。故填regularly。
4．With the develpment f nline educatin, mre and mre students can use nline learning (resurce).
【答案】resurces
【詳解】考查名詞。句意：隨著在線教育的發(fā)展，越來越多的學(xué)生可以使用在線學(xué)習(xí)資源。分析句子，設(shè)空處使用名詞作賓語，resurce意為“資源”，可數(shù)名詞，此處用復(fù)數(shù)表示泛指。故填resurces。
5．I am running f mney. I have t g hme and ask my father fr sme.
【答案】ut
【詳解】考查固定短語。句意：我的錢快花光了。我得回家向我父親要一些。固定短語run ut f... 表示“用完……，用光……”。故填ut。
6．Mst parents attach great imprtance their children’s educatin s that they can have a bright future.
【答案】t
【詳解】考查介詞。句意：大多數(shù)父母非常重視孩子的教育，這樣他們就能有一個(gè)光明的未來。attach great imprtance t...表示“認(rèn)為……很有重要意義，高度重視……”，為固定搭配。故填t。
7．The htel has many special (facility) fr welcming disabled peple.
【答案】facilities
【詳解】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：這家旅館有許多專門的接待殘疾人的設(shè)施。由名詞前的many可知，空處應(yīng)使用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填facilities。
8．His carelessness resulted the terrible accident that happened last night. （
【答案】in
【詳解】考查介詞。句意: 他的粗心導(dǎo)致了昨晚發(fā)生的可怕的事故。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是固定短語result in，表示“導(dǎo)致,結(jié)果是”。故填in。
9．Many trains have been cancelled and a (limit) service is perating n ther lines.
【答案】limited
【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：許多列車已被取消，其他線路的列車限行?？仗帒?yīng)用形容詞，作定語修飾service。limited為形容詞，表示“有限的”。故填limited。
10．They failed t finish the prcedure lack f experience.
【答案】fr
【詳解】考查介詞。句意：由于缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)，他們未能完成這個(gè)程序。介詞fr“因?yàn)椋挥捎凇狈暇湟猓~短語lack f experience作介詞fr的賓語。故填fr。
學(xué)科素養(yǎng)提升
二、閱讀理解
A
Extremely energetic light frm space is an unexplained wnder. Scientists dn’t knw where that light cmes frm, exactly. And nw astrnmers have sptted this light, called gamma (伽馬) rays, at higher energies than ever befre.
Yu can’t see gamma rays with yur naked eyes (肉眼). They are much mre energetic than the light that we can see. S yu need a fancy detectr t spt them. The Large High Altitude Air Shwer Observatry, LHAASO, is an experiment in China. It searches fr extremely high energy gamma rays.
Scientists have sptted 12 gamma-ray ht spts. These are parts f the sky frm which the gamma rays are sent ut. Thse ht spts shw that ur galaxy (銀河系), the Milky Way, has pwerful particle acceleratrs (粒子加速器). But thse particle acceleratrs aren’t made by humans. Instead, they cme frm vilent events in the universe. They might be explding stars, fr example. Such vilent events make electric and magnetic fields, which can speed up prtns (質(zhì)子) and electrns. Thse fast particles can then prduce gamma rays with a lt f energy. That can happen when prtns interact with ther matter in space, fr example.
Scientists aren’t sure what culd prduce gamma rays with the extreme energies bserved. But the new bservatins pint t tw pssibilities. One ht spt was assciated with the Crab Nebula. That’s the remains f an explded star. Anther pssible surce was the Cygnus Ccn. That’s a regin where massive stars are frming. The stars send ut strng winds in the prcess.
LHAASO is lcated n Haizi Muntain in China’s Sichuan prvince. It is nt yet fully peratinal. It’s due t be cmpleted later this year. Then, it culd find even mre gamma rays.
11．What can we learn abut gamma rays?
A．They are invisible t ur naked eyes.B．They are ften ignred.
C．They cntain little energy.D．They can be explained.
12．Why are sme examples used in paragraph 3?
A．T make the explanatin lively.
B．T help understand the Milky Way.
C．T shw the universe is expanding.
D．T shw hw gamma rays might be prduced.
13．Which wrd can describe the surce f gamma rays with higher energy?
A．Disappinting.B．Exciting.C．Accurate.D．Uncertain.
14．What’s the main idea f this text?
A．There will be mre gamma rays.
B．The universe is explding with great energy.
C．Astrnmers have sptted gamma rays with higher energy.
D．Gamma rays can nly be seen by astrnauts.
【答案】11．A 12．D 13．D 14．C
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了天文學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)能量巨大的伽馬射線并分析了其可能的成因。
11．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Yu can’t see gamma rays with yur naked eyes (肉眼).(你無法用肉眼看到伽馬射線。)”可知，伽馬射線是肉眼看不見的。故選A。
12．推理判斷題。第三段中“Thse ht spts shw that ur galaxy (銀河系), the Milky Way, has pwerful particle acceleratrs (粒子加速器). But thse particle acceleratrs aren’t made by humans. Instead, they cme frm vilent events in the universe. They might be explding stars, fr example. Such vilent events make electric and magnetic fields, which can speed up prtns (質(zhì)子) and electrns. Thse fast particles can then prduce gamma rays with a lt f energy. (這些熱點(diǎn)表明，我們的銀河系擁有強(qiáng)大的粒子加速器。但這些粒子加速器不是人類制造的。相反，它們來自宇宙中的劇烈事件。例如，它們可能是爆炸的恒星。這種劇烈的事件會產(chǎn)生電場和磁場，從而加速質(zhì)子和電子。這些快速粒子可以產(chǎn)生具有大量能量的伽馬射線。)”通過舉例說明，恒星爆炸可能就是銀河系中強(qiáng)大的粒子加速器，它產(chǎn)生的電場和磁場加速了質(zhì)子和電子，從而產(chǎn)生具有大量能量的伽馬射線。所以第三段中使用例子是為了展示伽馬射線是如何產(chǎn)生的。故選D。
13．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Scientists aren’t sure what culd prduce gamma rays with the extreme energies bserved.(科學(xué)家們不確定是什么能產(chǎn)生觀測到的極端能量的伽馬射線。)”可知，能量更高的伽馬射線的來源尚不能確定，由此可知，uncertain最適合描述更高能量伽馬射線的來源。故選D。
14．主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段中“And nw astrnmers have sptted this light, called gamma (伽馬) rays, at higher energies than ever befre.(現(xiàn)在，天文學(xué)家已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了這種被稱為伽馬射線的光，其能量比以往任何時(shí)候都要高。)”和下文可知，本文主要介紹了天文學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)能量巨大的伽馬射線并分析了其可能的成因。所以“Astrnmers have sptted gamma rays with higher energy.(天文學(xué)家已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了能量更高的伽馬射線。)”是文章主要內(nèi)容。故選C。
B
Fr almst as lng as peple have walked n Earth, they have lked up at the mn and wndered: Hw did the mn get there? Hw lng has it been there? Scientists have studied questins. And nw, a grup f researchers frm Califrnia have an answer. Based n their studies, they think the mn is 4.51 billin years ld.
Fr years, researchers have been studying the many rcks American astrnauts brught back frm the mn between 1969 and 1972. The early rck studies led many scientists t think the mn was frmed lng ag—abut 4.3 billin years ag.
Scientists believe the mn was created when a huge rcky bject abut the size f Mars truck a very yung Earth. Then sme f the pieces frm that vilent crash came tgether in space t frm the mn. But that estimated age, 4.3 billin years, created a prblem fr scientists. That is because it des nt leave much time fr life t get started and develp n planet Earth.
Researchers wanted a better, mre exact estimate f when the mn was frmed. They fund their answer by studying a mn rck brught back t Earth in 1971. They lked clsely fr signs f a matter in the rck called zircn (鋯石). And they fund ut that the mn is actually lder. The mn didn’t frm 4.3 billin years ag, but it frmed at least 4.51billin years ag.
Thse extra years slves the prblem f life n Earth. And this slutin gives scientists a better understanding f hw life frmed here and hw it might frm n ther planets.
The new infrmatin means the mn was rbiting Earth just 60 millin years after the birth f ur slar system. Then the Earth had much mre time t cl dwn, frm the atmsphere, frm the water and then finally had all the cnditins met fr life.
15．Hw did the mn cme int being?
A．By breaking away frm Earth.B．By a slar strm caused by Earth.
C．By gathering ther small planets in space.D．By a big crash between a huge bject and Earth.
16．What’s the prblem with the estimated age f the mn befre?
A．It is based n a false rck.B．It led t a wrng idea n the birth f Earth.
C．It desn’t explain the rigin f life n Earth.D．It was misled by the rcks brught frm the mn.
17．What was the key factr in the study?
A．A matter called zircn.B．The previus cnclusin.
C．A thery abut life n Earth.D．The understanding f the mn.
18．Which f the fllwing is the clsest in meaning t the underlined wrd “estimated” in paragraph 3?
A．tested exactly.B．judged rughlyC．a(chǎn)rgued brieflyD．designed carefully
【答案】15．D 16．C 17．A 18．B
【導(dǎo)語】本篇是一篇說明文?？茖W(xué)家通過研究從月球上帶回的巖石得出了月球更合理的年齡，比原來推測的年齡提前了2.1億年，這更符合地球上生命起源的規(guī)律。
15．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Scientists believe the mn was created when a huge rcky bject abut the size f Mars struck a very yung Earth.(科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為，月球是由一個(gè)火星大小的巨大巖石物體撞擊非常年輕的地球而形成的)”可知，科學(xué)家們相信，月球產(chǎn)生于一個(gè)火星大小的巖石天體與地球的一次大碰撞。故選D。
16．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“But that estimated age, 4.3 billin years, created a prblem fr scientists. That is because it des nt leave much time fr life t get started and develp n planet Earth. (但是這個(gè)43億年的估計(jì)年齡給科學(xué)家們帶來了一個(gè)問題。這是因?yàn)樗鼪]有給地球上生命的開始和發(fā)展留下太多的時(shí)間)”可知原來預(yù)計(jì)的月球年齡與地球生命的起源所需的時(shí)間相沖突，即無法解釋地球上生命的起源。故選C。
17．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“They lked clsely fr signs f a matter in the rck called zircn (鋯石). And they fund ut that the mn is actually lder.(他們在鋯石中仔細(xì)尋找一種物質(zhì)的跡象。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)月球其實(shí)更古老)”可以推斷出月球巖石中的某種物質(zhì)是研究中的關(guān)鍵。故選A。
18．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“4.3 billin years, created a prblem fr scientists”以及“That is because it des nt leave much time fr life t get started and develp n planet Earth.(這是因?yàn)樗鼪]有給地球上的生命留下太多的時(shí)間來開始和發(fā)展)”可知，大概判斷月球43億年的年齡給科學(xué)家?guī)砹艘粋€(gè)問題。故劃線詞意思是“大概判斷”。故選B。
Mars is truly a fascinating planet fr thse f us here n Earth. 19 It is abut half as big as Earth and is ften referred t as the Red Planet because f its red surface.
The Red Planet has the largest vlcan in the slar system-Olympus Mns. 20 That’s abut three times the height f Munt Qmlangma.
Mars als has an atmsphere, but it is very thin and made up mstly f carbn dixide. Because f its thin atmsphere and greater distance frm the Sun, Mars is much clder than Earth. 21 The dust strms f Mars can grw s big that smetimes they blanket the entire planet and last fr mnths. The ples n Mars are a lt like Antarctica, capped by ice, but much f Mars’s ice is made frm carbn dixide, nt water.
Scientists believe that studying Mars can help answer sme f the key questins abut ur planet Earth, r even the universe.
22 Since 1960, mre than half f all attempted Mars missins have failed. The USA, Russia, the Eurpean Space Agency, and several ther cuntries have lst many spacecraft in their quest t explre the Red Planet. Nevertheless, they will still cntinue their explratins. Chinese experts are cnfident abut their plan t explre Mars, in spite f the many challenges. The first Mars unmanned spacecraft was launched frm Wenchang arund 2020. But it is nly the beginning f deep vyages int uter space. 23
A．It is rughly 27 kilmetres high.
B．Missins t Mars have never been easy.
C．Mars, hwever, tday has n active vlcanes.
D．The temperature at the planet’s surface varies widely.
E．Hwever, Mars des have weather, with cluds and winds.
F．China will cntinue t explre the mysteries f the universe.
G．It is ne f the few planets that we can see with ur wn eyes.
【答案】19．G 20．A 21．E 22．B 23．F
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了火星的自然環(huán)境以及火星任務(wù)的實(shí)施難度。
19．根據(jù)上文“Mars is truly a fascinating planet fr thse f us here n Earth.(對于我們地球上的人來說，火星確實(shí)是一個(gè)迷人的星球)”以及后文“It is abut half as big as Earth and is ften referred t as the Red Planet because f its red surface.(它大約有地球的一半大，經(jīng)常被稱為紅色星球，因?yàn)樗谋砻媸羌t色的)”可知，本句與后文并列，都是在介紹火星，G選項(xiàng)中it指代Mars。故G選項(xiàng)“它是少數(shù)幾個(gè)我們能用肉眼看到的行星之一”符合語境，故選G。
20．根據(jù)上文“The Red Planet has the largest vlcan in the slar system-Olympus Mns.(這顆紅色星球上有太陽系中最大的火山——奧林匹斯山)”以及后文“That’s abut three times the height f Munt Qmlangma.(這大約是珠穆朗瑪峰高度的三倍)”可知，本句是在說明奧林匹斯山的高度。故A選項(xiàng)“大約27千米高”符合語境，故選A。
21．根據(jù)上文“Mars als has an atmsphere, but it is very thin and made up mstly f carbn dixide. Because f its thin atmsphere and greater distance frm the Sun, Mars is much clder than Earth.(火星也有大氣層，但大氣層很薄，主要由二氧化碳組成。由于火星大氣層稀薄，距離太陽更遠(yuǎn)，所以它比地球冷得多)”以及后文“The dust strms f Mars can grw s big that smetimes they blanket the entire planet and last fr mnths. The ples n Mars are a lt like Antarctica, capped by ice, but much f Mars’s ice is made frm carbn dixide, nt water.(火星上的沙塵暴會變得非常大，有時(shí)會覆蓋整個(gè)星球，持續(xù)數(shù)月之久火星的兩極很像南極洲，被冰覆蓋，但火星的大部分冰是由二氧化碳而不是水構(gòu)成的)”可知，本句是在說明火星上的氣候，后文提到了沙塵暴，可見火星上有風(fēng)，故E選項(xiàng)“然而，火星確實(shí)有天氣，有云和風(fēng)”符合語境，故選E。
22．根據(jù)后文“Since 1960, mre than half f all attempted Mars missins have failed.(自1960年以來，超過一半的火星任務(wù)都失敗了)”可知，后文提到很多火星任務(wù)都失敗了，可見火星任務(wù)并不容易實(shí)施。故B選項(xiàng)“火星任務(wù)從來都不容易”符合語境，故選B。
23．根據(jù)上文“Chinese experts are cnfident abut their plan t explre Mars, in spite f the many challenges. The first Mars unmanned spacecraft was launched frm Wenchang arund 2020. But it is nly the beginning f deep vyages int uter space.(盡管面臨諸多挑戰(zhàn)，中國專家對他們的火星探測計(jì)劃充滿信心。第一艘火星無人飛船于2020年前后在文昌發(fā)射升空。但這只是外太空深度航行的開始)”可知，本句為本段最后一句，應(yīng)承接上文繼續(xù)說明中國對宇宙的探索方向，故F選項(xiàng)“中國將繼續(xù)探索宇宙的奧秘”符合語境，故選F。
三、完形填空
Arund 50 Mars missins have been launched glbally s far since 1960. Yet mre than half f them have 24 t reach the planet sme 55 millin kilmeters away frm the Earth. S after China’s Mars prbe, Tianwen 1, was 25 n July 23 last year, there was an 26 wait fr its prgress.
The craft landed 27 n the surface f the planet n Saturday. The news has been met with bth 28 and celebratin in the cuntry. The landing was 29 exactly as planned, which has made China the latest member f the club f the wrld’s pineering 30 , and shws that China has 31 the technlgies independently.
It is the can-d spirit that has played a key rle in China’s scientific and technlgical develpment in recent decades 32 sme failures in explring uter space.
China made its early 33 in rcket and space technlgies starting frm the 1960s when the cuntry 34 largely a backward agricultural cuntry. 35 , the cuntry has made the mst f what it had ver the past mre than six decades, making effrts t mve ahead in the aerspace cause.
Late last mnth, China sent Tianhe int space, 36 a series f launches that will cmplete the building f the space statin arund 2022.
All these achievements have 37 greatly t the peaceful use f uter space. During its Mars missin, China has wrked with Eurpean 38 and ther cuntries and will help push humankind t travel faster and farther in the future.
24．A．begunB．failedC．a(chǎn)ttemptedD．succeeded
25．A．transprtedB．discveredC．launchedD．settled
26．A．a(chǎn)nxiusB．a(chǎn)wareC．a(chǎn)wkwardD．a(chǎn)mazing
27．A．suddenlyB．safelyC．calmlyD．bviusly
28．A．prtestB．regretC．pityD．relief
29．A．carried awayB．carried ffC．carried utD．carried n
30．A．explrersB．a(chǎn)pplicantsC．fficialsD．editrs
31．A．brrwedB．selectedC．develpedD．remved
32．A．withutB．beyndC．exceptD．despite
33．A．prmisesB．impactsC．inventinsD．breakthrughs
34．A．becameB．remainedC．endedD．started
35．A．ThusB．TherefreC．FurthermreD．Hwever
36．A．getting ffB．cutting ffC．starting ffD．putting ff
37．A．a(chǎn)ppealedB．cntributedC．respndedD．belnged
38．A．neighbursB．friendsC．partnersD．classmates
【答案】24．B 25．C 26．A 27．B 28．D 29．C 30．A 31．C 32．D 33．D 34．B 35．D 36．C 37．B 38．C
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了中國成功發(fā)射“天問一號”，此次成功登陸火星是中國空間技術(shù)發(fā)展的巨大飛躍。
24．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，其中一半以上未能到達(dá)距離地球5500萬公里遠(yuǎn)的行星。A. begun開始；B. failed失??；C. attempted嘗試；D. succeeded成功。根據(jù)“Arund 50 Mars missins have been launched glbally s far since 1960.”和“Yet”可知，超過一半的火星任務(wù)失敗了。故選B。
25．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，在中國的火星探測器“天問一號”于去年7月23日發(fā)射后，人們焦急地等待著了解它的進(jìn)展。A. transprted運(yùn)輸；B. discvered發(fā)現(xiàn)；C. launched發(fā)射；D. settled解決。根據(jù)“The craft landed____4____ n the surface f the planet n Saturday.”和常識可知，天問一號是去年7月23號發(fā)射的。故選C。
26．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，在中國的火星探測器“天問一號”于去年7月23日發(fā)射后，人們焦急地等待著了解它的進(jìn)展。A. anxius焦急的；B. aware有意識的；C. awkward尷尬的；D. amazing令人驚訝的。根據(jù)“Yet mre than half f them have 1 t reach the planet sme 55 millin kilmeters away frm the Earth. ”可知，火星發(fā)射失敗率很高，因此在天問一號發(fā)射之后，所有人都在焦急等待它的進(jìn)展情況。故選A。
27．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：該飛船于周六在火星表面安全著陸。A. suddenly突然地；B. safely安全地；C. calmly安靜地；D. bviusly明顯地。根據(jù)“The news has been met with bth ____5____ and celebratin in the cuntry.”可知，飛行器安全地著陸在火星表面，舉國歡慶。故選B。
28．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)消息讓這個(gè)國家感到寬慰和喜慶。A. prtest反對；B. regret后悔；C. pity遺憾；D. relief寬慰。根據(jù)“The craft landed____4____ n the surface f the planet n Saturday.”可知，飛行器安全著陸火星的消息令人寬慰。故選D。
29．考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：這次著陸完全按照計(jì)劃進(jìn)行，這使中國成為世界先鋒探險(xiǎn)者俱樂部的最新成員，也表明中國已經(jīng)自主研發(fā)這項(xiàng)技術(shù)。A. carried away帶走；B. carried ff奪走；C. carried ut實(shí)施；D. carried n繼續(xù)。根據(jù)“which has made China the latest member f the club f the wrld’s pineering ____7____,”可知，飛行器安全著陸，因此它的著陸是按計(jì)劃實(shí)行的。故選C。
30．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這次著陸完全按照計(jì)劃進(jìn)行，這使中國成為世界先鋒探險(xiǎn)者俱樂部的最新成員，也表明中國已經(jīng)自主研發(fā)這項(xiàng)技術(shù)。A. explrers探險(xiǎn)者；B. applicants申請人；C. fficials官員；D. editrs編輯。根據(jù)“The landing was ____6____ exactly as planned,”可知，飛行器安全地著陸在火星表面是一次太空探險(xiǎn)，中國已然躋身于世界先鋒探險(xiǎn)者行列。故選A。
31．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這次著陸完全按照計(jì)劃進(jìn)行，這使中國成為世界先鋒探險(xiǎn)者俱樂部的最新成員，也表明中國已經(jīng)自主研發(fā)這項(xiàng)技術(shù)。A. brrwed借；B. selected選擇；C. develped開發(fā)；D. remved開除。根據(jù)“the technlgies independently”可知，此次火星著陸技術(shù)是中國自主研發(fā)的。故選C。
32．考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管在探索外層空間方面有一些失敗，但這種敢做敢為的精神在中國近幾十年的科技發(fā)展中發(fā)揮了關(guān)鍵作用。A. withut沒有，缺乏；B. beynd超過；C. except除……之外；D. despite盡管。根據(jù)“sme failures in explring uter space.”可知，與主句之間有讓步關(guān)系，太空探索盡管遇到失敗，但是敢做能為的精神在科學(xué)技術(shù)發(fā)展方面起著關(guān)鍵的作用。故選D。
33．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：從上世紀(jì)60年代開始，中國在火箭和航天技術(shù)方面取得了早期突破，當(dāng)時(shí)中國在很大程度上仍是一個(gè)落后的農(nóng)業(yè)國家。A. prmises承諾；B. impacts影響；C. inventins發(fā)明；D. breakthrughs突破。根據(jù)“in rcket and space technlgies starting frm the 1960s”和下文的“the cuntry has made the mst f what it had ver the past mre than six decades”可知，中國在火箭和太空技術(shù)方面取得了早期的突破。故選D。
34．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：從上世紀(jì)60年代開始，中國在火箭和航天技術(shù)方面取得了早期突破，當(dāng)時(shí)中國在很大程度上仍是一個(gè)落后的農(nóng)業(yè)國家。A. becme變成；B. remain仍然是；C. end結(jié)束；D. start啟動。根據(jù)“l(fā)argely a backward agricultural cuntry.”和常識可知，中國在很大程度上仍是一個(gè)落后的農(nóng)業(yè)國家。故選B。
35．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，中國已經(jīng)充分利用了它在過去60多年里所擁有的，努力向前推進(jìn)航天事業(yè)。A. Thus因此；B. Therefre因此；C. Furthermre此外；D. Hwever然而。根據(jù)“the cuntry has made the mst f what it had ver the past mre than six decades, making effrts t mve ahead in the aerspace cause. ”與前文的“l(fā)argely a backward agricultural cuntry”可知，此處為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以用Hwever。故選D。
36．考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：上月末，中國將“天和”送入太空，開啟了一系列發(fā)射，這些發(fā)射將在2022年前后完成空間站的建設(shè)。A. getting ff下車；B. cutting ff切斷；C. starting ff啟動，開啟；D. putting ff推遲。根據(jù)“Late last mnth, China sent Tianhe int space,”和下文“ will cmplete the building f the space statin arund 2022”可知，隨著天和核心艙進(jìn)入太空，開始了一系列的太空站建設(shè)的發(fā)射任務(wù)。故選C。
37．考查動詞搭配辨析。句意：這些成就為和平利用外太空作出了重要貢獻(xiàn)。A. appealed (t)呼吁，吸引；B. cntributed (t)促進(jìn)；C. respnded (t) 響應(yīng)；D. belnged (t)屬于。根據(jù)“greatly t the peaceful use f uter space.”可知，所有這些成就極大地促成外太空的和平使用。故選B。
38．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在火星任務(wù)中，中國與歐洲伙伴和其他國家合作，將幫助推動人類在未來走得更快更遠(yuǎn)。A. neighbur鄰居；B. friend朋友；C. partner伙伴；D. classmate同學(xué)。根據(jù)“and ther cuntries and will help push humankind t travel faster and farther in the future.”可知，在火星任務(wù)實(shí)施期間，中國已經(jīng)和其它國家一起合作來探索太空。故選C。
閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
Wang Yaping, China’s secnd female astrnaut wh is nw n a six-mnth missin n bard the cuntry’s space statin, has recently recrded a vide message fr the United Natins ffice, 39 (send) her greetings t wmen arund the wrld.
She said there are n significant differences in the ability f the sexes t adapt and wrk in space. “I hpe all girls wh are 40 (passin) abut space guard yur dreams. In space 41 (explre), wmen can cmplete the same training and assessment as men. 42 is predictable that mre wmen will participate in manned spaceflight missins. It will have a very imprtant impact 43 human explring space. Althugh ur natinalities, ethnicities and 44 (ccupatin) are different, we are making the wrld mre lively, mre harmnius and 45 (warm). I’d like t take this pprtunity t thank every female fr their selfless devtin,” she said.
Wang went int space n bard the Shenzhu-13 Spaceship and entered the space statin n Oct. 16, 2021, barding n the six-mnth space missin. Wang 46 (be) in rbit fr mre than 130 days, with Wang setting a recrd fr the mst days in space by a Chinese astrnaut.
On June 20, 2013, 47 Wang tk her first space missin in the Shenzhu-10 Spaceship, she 48 (deliver) a 40-minute pen class, China’s first live space lecture, t schl children natinwide.
【答案】39．sending 40．passinate 41．explratin 42．It 43．n/upn 44．ccupatins 45．warmer 46．has been 47．when 48．delivered
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章是一篇關(guān)于中國女宇航員王亞平在太空站任務(wù)期間為聯(lián)合國錄制視頻消息，并向全世界女性致以問候的報(bào)道。
39．考查非謂語動詞。句意：中國第二位女航天員王亞平目前正在中國空間站執(zhí)行為期六個(gè)月的任務(wù)，她最近為聯(lián)合國辦公室錄制了一段視頻信息，向世界各地的女性致以問候。非謂語動詞擔(dān)當(dāng)狀語，主語“Wang Yaping”和動詞“send”之間存在主動關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故填sending。
40．考查形容詞。句意：我希望所有熱愛太空的女孩都能守護(hù)自己的夢想。分析句子成分可知，空處為形容詞擔(dān)當(dāng)從句的表語，意為“熱情的、熱愛的”。故填passinate。
41．考查名詞。句意：在太空探索中，女性可以完成與男性相同的訓(xùn)練和評估。分析句子成分可知，空處為名詞形式，構(gòu)成固定短語：space explratin，意為“太空探索”。故填explratin。
42．考查代詞。句意：可以預(yù)見，將有更多的女性參與載人航天任務(wù)。代詞在句中擔(dān)當(dāng)形式主語，代指真正的主語——that引導(dǎo)的主語從句，用代詞it；出現(xiàn)在句首，首字母大寫。故填I(lǐng)t。
43．考查固定短語。句意：它將對人類探索太空產(chǎn)生非常重要的影響。短語：have an imprtant impact n/upn，意為“對……有重要的影響”。故填upn/n。
44．考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：雖然我們的國籍、民族和職業(yè)不同，但我們正在使這個(gè)世界變得更生動、更和諧、更溫暖。根據(jù)上文的“natinalities, ethnicities”可知，空處為可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填ccupatins。
45．考查形容詞比較級。句意：雖然我們的國籍、民族和職業(yè)不同，但我們正在使這個(gè)世界變得更生動、更和諧、更溫暖。根據(jù)上文的“mre lively, mre harmnius”可判斷，空處為形容詞的比較級形式。故填warmer。
46．考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：王亞平已經(jīng)在軌道上運(yùn)行了130多天，她創(chuàng)造了中國宇航員在太空中停留時(shí)間最長的記錄。這里為本句謂語動詞，根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語“fr mre than 130 days”可知，本句時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；主語為“Wang”，單數(shù)，謂語動詞用has。故填has been。
47．考查定語從句。句意：2013年6月20日，當(dāng)王亞平乘坐神舟十號飛船執(zhí)行她的第一次太空任務(wù)時(shí)，她給全國的學(xué)生們上了一堂40分鐘的公開課，這是中國第一次現(xiàn)場太空講座。這里為定語從句，先行詞為“June 20, 2013”，在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語，用關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)。故填when。
48．考查謂語動詞。句意：2013年6月20日，當(dāng)王亞平乘坐神舟十號飛船執(zhí)行她的第一次太空任務(wù)時(shí)，她給全國的學(xué)生們上了一堂40分鐘的公開課，這是中國第一次現(xiàn)場太空講座。這里為本句謂語動詞，根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語“On June 20, 2013”可知，本句時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)。故填delivered。
四、書信寫作
49．假設(shè)你是李華。你班最近一次班會的主題是“太空探險(xiǎn)的意義”。請你結(jié)合下表內(nèi)容，用英語給《21世紀(jì)學(xué)生報(bào)》的“Vice Yur Opinin”欄目投稿一篇，介紹你們討論的情況并發(fā)表你的觀點(diǎn)。
一些同學(xué)贊同
一些同學(xué)反對
你的觀點(diǎn)
1.獲得新知識；
2.給人類帶來更大的生存空間。
1.耗資巨大；
2.宇航員的安全問題。
……
注意：
1．詞數(shù)80左右；
2．可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Outer space explratins, yes r n?
We had an argument ver whether it is necessary t carry ut uter space explratins at a class meeting the ther day.
Sme f us feel it imprtant t research the uter space. Firstly, peple can get a better understanding f the uter space thrugh space explratins. Secndly, these explratins can pssibly bring new living space fr human life.
Hwever, thers think very differently. They say this kind f explratin is much t cstly. Besides, it is very dangerus fr astrnauts t d such wrk.
In my pinin, peple shuld be pineering and therefre such explratins int uter space are wrth trying ut.
【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。要求考生給校英文報(bào)寫一篇報(bào)道，介紹班內(nèi)對“太空探索的意義”這一主題的討論情況。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
重要的：imprtant→significant
理解：understanding→cmprehensin
此外：besides→what’s mre
因此：therefre→hence/thus
2.句式拓展
簡單句變復(fù)合句
原句： Secndly, these explratins can pssibly bring new living space fr human life.
拓展句：Secndly, these explratins can pssibly bring new living space fr human life, which is wrth the value.
【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】Sme f us feel it imprtant t research the uter space.（運(yùn)用了it作形式賓語）
【高分句型2】We had an argument ver whether it is necessary t carry ut uter space explratins at a class meeting the ther day.（運(yùn)用了whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句）

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高中英語人教版 (2019)必修 第三冊電子課本

Unit 4 Space Exploration

版本： 人教版 (2019)

年級： 必修 第三冊

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