?Yu shuld pick up ur daughter at five this afternn. She will have t walk hme.→Yu shuld pick up ur daughter at five this afternn, r she will have t walk hme.你應(yīng)該下午5點鐘接女兒,否則她就得走著回家了。 ?She lks very yung. She is already in her 40’s.→She lks very yung, but she is already in her 40’s. 她看起來很年輕,但她已經(jīng)四十多歲了。?She felt very tired. She went t bed early.→She felt very tired, s she went t bed early.她感到很疲倦,所以早早就睡覺了。
【探究總結(jié)】由并列連詞把兩個或兩個以上的簡單句連在一起的句子叫并列句。不同的并列連詞表示并列分句之間的不同關(guān)系。(1)并列關(guān)系:常用的連詞有　　　　 (同,和),有時也用nt nly ... but (als) ...等。?(2)選擇關(guān)系:常用的連詞有　　　　 (或者;否則),有時也用either ... r 等。?(3)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系:常用的連詞有　　　　 (但是,可是),yet (可是), while (而,卻)等。?(4)因果關(guān)系:常用的連詞有fr(因為)和　　　　(所以,因此)等。?答案: (1)and　(2)r　(3)but　(4)s
【應(yīng)用實踐】 用適當(dāng)?shù)牟⒘羞B詞填空。①There is a lt f traffic in this city, 　　　　lk bth ways befre crssing the street.?②Bruce and Brandy are studying in the same schl, 　　　　they cme frm different cuntries.?③Yu can eat the snack in the canteen 　　　　yu can take it hme.?④Sara is nw n the plane 　　　　she will arrive hme in tw hurs. ?答案: ①s　②but?、踨?、躠nd
(二)主從復(fù)合句1. 狀語從句【觀察思考】 ?He left. I culd say smething.→He left befre I culd say smething.我還沒來得及說什么他就走了。?Yu shuld put the bk back. It was at that place.→Yu shuld put the bk where it was.你應(yīng)當(dāng)把這本書放回原處。?We can’t find a gas statin. We will have t wait fr help.→If we can’t find a gas statin, we will have t wait fr help. 如果我們找不到加油站,我們就只能等待救援了。
?My cffee was t cld. I heated it in the micrwave.→Because my cffee was t cld, I heated it in the micrwave.因為我的咖啡太涼了,所以我用微波爐熱了一下。?Jerry sped up the car. He culd arrive at the airprt in time.→Jerry sped up the car s that he culd arrive at the airprt in time.杰瑞加快車速以便能及時趕到機場。?It was such a cld night. We stayed at hme.→It was such a cld night that we stayed at hme.那是一個非常寒冷的夜晚,我們都待在家里。
【探究總結(jié)】狀語從句主要通過連詞來表達不同意義,復(fù)合句中狀語從句的主要類型及連接詞(組):?
答案: ①befre?、趙here　③if?、躡ecause　?、輘 that?、藿Y(jié)果
【應(yīng)用實踐】 用適當(dāng)?shù)膹膶龠B詞填空。①　　　　 it was very lng, the mvie was still enjyable.?②　　　　 I came int the rm, he was writing a letter.?③I came back late yesterday, 　　　　I was n duty.?④He will cme t pick me up 　　　　we have decided this mrning.?⑤It is s interesting a nvel 　　　　all f us want t read it.?⑥We’d better nt leave the cmpany 　　　　it stps raining.?答案: ①Althugh/Thugh/While?、赪hen③because　④where?、輙hat ?、辵nless/until
2. 定語從句【觀察思考】 ?Bill sent me a pht. It was taken in high schl. →Bill sent me a pht that/which was taken in high schl. 比爾發(fā)送給我一張高中時拍的照片。?I will never frget Laura. She was my first English teacher. →I will never frget Laura wh was my first English teacher. 我永遠不會忘記我的第一位英語老師勞拉。?Please pass me the bk. Its cver is green.→Please pass me the bk whse cver is green. 請遞給我那本綠皮書。
?It happened in Nvember. The weather was wet and cld.→It happened in Nvember when the weather was wet and cld. 這事發(fā)生在天氣又濕又冷的十一月。?This is the village. I was brn.→This is the village where I was brn. 這是我出生的村子。?These are the reasns. We d it.→These are the reasns why we d it. 這些就是我們這樣做的理由。
【探究總結(jié)】定語從句主要依靠關(guān)系詞與主句進行連接,其主要表現(xiàn)形式為:
答案: ①代詞?、趖hat　③能?、芏ㄕZ?、輜hen
【應(yīng)用實踐】 合成含有定語從句的長句。①The eggs were nt fresh. I bught them yesterday.→ ? ②The man is my uncle. He came here last night.→ ? ③I still remember the day. I came here n that day.→ ? ④This is the huse. I lived in this huse last year.→ ?
⑤There are many reasns. Peple like travelling fr many reasns.→ ? ⑥The teacher praised the student. His English is the best in ur class.→ ? ⑦The earth is rund. It is knwn t us.→ ?
答案:①The eggs (that/which) I bught yesterday were nt fresh.②The man wh/that came here last night is my uncle.③I still remember the day when I came here.④This is the huse where I lived last year.⑤There are many reasns why peple like travelling.⑥The teacher praised the student whse English is the best in ur class.⑦As is knwn t us, the earth is rund.
3. 名詞性從句(1)主語從句?！居^察思考】 ?He finished writing the cmpsitin in such a shrt time. It surprised us all.→That he finished writing the cmpsitin in such a shrt time surprised us all. 他在如此短的時間內(nèi)寫完作文讓我們都很驚訝。?Everyne shuld be hnest during the test. It is imprtant.→It is imprtant that everyne shuld be hnest during the test. 重要的是每個人在考試期間都應(yīng)該誠實。?D yu attend the meeting r nt? It desn’t matter t us.→Whether yu attend the meeting desn’t matter t us. 你是否參加這次會議對我們來說并不重要。
【探究總結(jié)】主語從句的常用引導(dǎo)詞及句式結(jié)構(gòu):
答案: ①是否　②wh/whever?、圻B接副詞④狀語
【應(yīng)用實踐】 用適當(dāng)?shù)囊龑?dǎo)詞填空。①It was strange 　　　　he had made a mistake. ?②　　　　 we need mre equipment is quite bvius. ?③　　　　 he will jin us wn’t make t much difference.?④　　　　 I want t say is that I will supprt yu t the end.?答案: ①that?、赥hat　③Whether?、躓hat
(2)賓語從句?！居^察思考】 ?The cmputer will finally take the place f human beings. They believe it. →They believe that the cmputer will finally take the place f human beings. 他們相信計算機終將代替人類。 ?Will yu g fishing n Sunday? He asks.→He asks whether/if we will g fishing n Sunday. 他問我們周日是否會去釣魚。?What had ccurred that day? He was deeply displeased.→He was deeply displeased by what had ccurred that day. 他對那天發(fā)生的事深感不快。
【探究總結(jié)】賓語從句的常用引導(dǎo)詞及意義:
答案:①從屬連詞?、趙hether/if　③what?、躧w
【應(yīng)用實踐】 用適當(dāng)?shù)囊龑?dǎo)詞填空。①I want t knw 　　　　he finished his hmewrk last night.?②Excuse me, can yu tell me 　　　　the train is late??③He tld me 　　　　he wuld g t Lndn the next day.?④They wuld thank yu fr 　　　　yu had dne fr them.?⑤Betty thinks 　　　　trees can imprve the air.?答案: ①whether/if?、趙hy?、踭hat?、躻hat?、輙hat
(3)表語從句?！居^察思考】 ?Yu shuld learn t imitate and practise a lt. The key t imprving yur spken English is that. →The key t imprving yur spken English is that yu shuld learn t imitate and practise a lt. 提高你英語口語的關(guān)鍵是你應(yīng)該學(xué)會模仿并大量練習(xí)。 ?He didn’t cme t schl yesterday. That is the reasn fr it.→That is why he didn’t cme t schl yesterday. 那就是他昨天沒來上學(xué)的原因。?Will the supermarket pay attentin t the prblem? That is my dubt.→My dubt is whether the supermarket will pay attentin t the prblem. 我懷疑超市是否會關(guān)注這一問題。
【探究總結(jié)】表語從句的常用引導(dǎo)詞及意義:
答案: ①不作?、趙h?、蹱?br/>【應(yīng)用實踐】 用適當(dāng)?shù)囊龑?dǎo)詞填空。①His wrry is 　　　　the heavy snw wuld blck the way vernight.?②The questin is 　　　　we will have ur sprts meet next week.?③America was 　　　　was first called “India” by Clumbus.?④The prblem is 　　　　we can master mdern science and technlgy in a shrt time.?答案: ①that　②whether?、踳hat?、躧w
(4)同位語從句?！居^察思考】 ?He will cme. We are glad at the news. →We are glad at the news that he will cme. 聽到他要來這個消息我們很高興。?Wh shuld d the wrk? The questin requires cnsideratin.→The questin wh shuld d the wrk requires cnsideratin.誰該干這項工作,這個問題需要考慮。
【探究總結(jié)】同位語從句的常用引導(dǎo)詞及意義:
答案: ①不作　②是否
【應(yīng)用實踐】 合成含有同位語從句的長句。①The news sn spread ver the whle schl. The news is that they had wn the game.→ ? ②He raised the prblem t the gvernment. The prblem is whether the prject was wrth ding.→ ? ③My father made a prmise. His prmise is that he wuld buy me a bicycle fr my birthday.→ ? ④I culdn’t answer the questin. Where can we find such a persn?→ ?
答案:①The news that they had wn the game sn spread ver the whle schl.②He raised the prblem t the gvernment whether the prject was wrth ding.③My father made a prmise that he wuld buy me a bicycle fr my birthday.④I culdn’t answer the questin where we can find such a persn.
二、并列復(fù)合句及分析方法【觀察思考】 ?Sme peple knw what they want t d frm a yung age, but many thers just have a few ideas buncing arund in their heads. 有些人年輕時就清楚自己想做什么,但更多的人只是有一些想法在腦子里晃來晃去。?He came back with a flwer that he specially picked fr Lily, but she just didn’t like it.他回來時帶了一朵專門為莉莉采的花,但莉莉就是不喜歡。?Tm and his family travelled t Nanjing and they went t Nanjing University, where he studied fur years ag.湯姆和他的家人去南京游玩,他們?nèi)チ藴匪哪昵霸谀莾簩W(xué)習(xí)的南京大學(xué)。
【探究總結(jié)】(1)一個　　　　(并列句/復(fù)合句)中的一個(或更多)分句,可能包含有一個(或更多)　　　　(主句/從句),這種句子稱為并列復(fù)合句。換句話說,并列復(fù)合句的結(jié)構(gòu)中既包含并列句成分,又包含主從復(fù)合句成分。?(2)并列復(fù)合句的分析方法:①先抓住并列連詞and、　　　　、r、yet、while等,識別出是并列連詞連接的并列句后,再分別理解并列連詞前后的句子。上述第一個例句首先是由轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but連接的并列句,表達前后兩種情況的對比。前半部分是“主謂賓狀”結(jié)構(gòu),其中含有what 引導(dǎo)的　　　　 從句;后半部分是“主謂賓”結(jié)構(gòu),其中的buncing arund in their heads作定語修飾ideas。?②若是語法填空,則需要認(rèn)真辨別句意,判斷并列連詞;仔細分析結(jié)構(gòu),選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)囊龑?dǎo)詞。答案: (1)并列句　從句　 (2)①but　賓語

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