高中英語人教版 (2019)必修第三冊Unit 4 Space Exploration學案設計-學案下載-教習網(wǎng)

?Part 2　Listening and Talking,Reading for Writing,Assessing Your Progress

1.主題語境:人與自然——探索宇宙奧秘
2.語篇類型:議論文
3.課文內(nèi)容分析:本文主要論述了太空探索是否值得付出那么多的金錢和努力的問題。一些人認為這是浪費時間和金錢,但也有人認為探索太空對我們的生活有極大的幫助。作者從三個方面論述了探索太空給世界帶來了許多不同的好處。因此,它應該繼續(xù)下去,以便為人們的短期和長期問題提供新的、更好的解決辦法。

答案:1.shallow　2.made a difference　3.promoted　4.(to) think about　5.continue

1.Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and money exploring space.(教材第44頁)
一部分人認為,我們應該停止浪費時間和金錢去探索太空。
◆argue vt.& vi.論證;爭辯;爭論
We’re always arguing with each other about some questions.
我們彼此總是為一些問題爭辯。
They argued for the right to vote.
他們據(jù)理力爭選舉權利。
[備用例句]
①We had an argument with the waiter about the bill.
我們和服務員就賬單發(fā)生了爭吵。
②I thought anything abstract left too much room for argument.(2019天津卷,閱讀理解B)
我認為任何抽象的東西都有太多的爭論空間。

單句語法填空
①Tom has been arguing 　　　　 his brother about where they should go for their holidays.?
②Robert argued 　　　　 reducing his pocket money every month.?
③You should solve the problem by 　　　　(argue),not by fight.?
④We tried to argue her into 　　　　 (join) us in helping the homeless.?
答案:①with?、赼gainst?、踑rgument ④joining
2.It has directly resulted in the many satellites that now orbit Earth.(教材第44頁)
如今環(huán)繞地球運行的眾多衛(wèi)星都直接歸功于太空探索。
◆result in導致;造成
His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals.(2020新高考全國Ⅰ卷,完形填空)
他的努力使1 360英畝的天然土地成為許多動植物的家園。
It’s said that this kind of drug can result in injury to the liver.
據(jù)說這種藥會造成肝臟損害。
[備用例句]
The big fire resulted from gas leak.
大火起因于煤氣泄漏。

圖解result in與result from

單句語法填空
①The breakthrough in the field of astronomy results 　　　　 the efforts of the scientists.?
②The heavy rain last week resulted 　　　　 big flood in the area.?
③People have better access to health care than they used to,and they’re living longer as 　　　　 result.?
④About 21 million people died during the 1990s as a result 　　　　 smoking.?
答案:①from?、趇n?、踑　④of
3.After careful analysis,the scientists can provide useful recommendations and advice for farmers.(教材第44頁)
經(jīng)過仔細的分析,科學家們可以為農(nóng)民提供有用的建議和意見。
◆provide sth.for sb.(=provide sb. with sth.)為某人提供某物
Summer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses.(2019全國Ⅰ卷,閱讀理解A)
暑期公司為學生提供實踐業(yè)務培訓,并提供高達3 000美元的獎金,讓他們開始并經(jīng)營自己的暑期業(yè)務。
It’s the peasants who provide us with grain and vegetables.
=It’s the peasants who provide grain and vegetables for us.
是農(nóng)民為我們提供糧食和蔬菜。

provide for 為固定短語,有兩個常見意思:
①為……做準備(=make preparations for)。
How can everyone provide for unexpected events?
對于意外之事,怎么可能每個人都有所準備呢?
②供養(yǎng)(=supply with the necessary things of life)。
He has five children and a wife to provide for.
他要供養(yǎng)妻子和5個孩子。

單句語法填空
①We will be provided 　　　　 food and drink there.?
②Our country provides all the desks and books 　　　　 the children free of charge.?
完成句子
③我們來這里是為公眾服務。
We are here to 　.?
=We are here to 　.?
④吉姆已經(jīng)為這樣的突發(fā)事件做好了準備。
Jim had 　　　　　　　　 just such an emergency.?
答案:①with　②for?、踦rovide services for the public;provide the public with services?、躳rovided for
4.Seeing pictures of our planet as an island in a black sea made people realise that our planet’s resources are limited.(教材第44頁)
看著我們星球的照片,猶如黑色汪洋大海中的一個小島,人們意識到我們星球的資源是有限的。
◆limited adj.有限的
We had only limited communication with the natives.
我們與本地人的交往有限。
Families are limited to four free tickets each.
每戶限發(fā)四張免費票。
[備用例句]
①There is no limit to how much fresh fruit you can eat in a day.
你一天內(nèi)能吃多少新鮮水果并無上限。
②I’ve limited myself to 1,000 calories a day to lose weight.
為了減肥,我每天限制自己攝入1 000卡路里的熱量。

單句語法填空
①I’m willing to help,within 　　　　(limit) you to realise your dream of becoming an astronaut.?
②We are doing our best with the 　　　　(limit) resources available.?
③I’ve found that the possibilities that lie within books are 　　　　(limit).?
④This way you have more options in your career because you aren’t limited 　　　　 just one field.?
答案:①limits　②limited?、踠imitless?、躷o
5.It is necessary to find a new home for people in space,as the resources on Earth will run out.(教材第45頁)
由于地球上的資源將耗盡,有必要在太空中為人們找一個新家。
◆run out耗盡;用完
After two hours’ walk,my strength completely ran out.
走了兩個小時后,我的力氣完全耗盡了。
If they run out of certain daily necessities,Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase what’s needed.(2019北京卷,完形填空)
如果他們用完了某些生活必需品,威爾遜將開車到最近的商店去購買所需要的東西。

run out和run out of 兩個短語都有“用完”的意思,但用法不同。run out作不及物動詞短語,表示“(物)被用完;(物)被耗盡”,主語通常是時間、金錢、食物等無生命名詞;run out of則是及物動詞短語,表示“(人)用完某物;(人)耗盡某物”,主語是人。
He has run out of the red ink.
他的紅墨水用完了。
The power of my cell phone has run out.
我手機的電量耗盡了。

選詞填空(用run out/run out of/use up/give out)
①We have 　　　　　　　　　　 coal,and have to burn wood.?
②Soon his patience 　　　　　　　　 and he burst into anger.?
答案:①run out of/used up?、趓an out/gave out
6.While sleeping,they must attach themselves to something so as to prevent floating around.(教材第46頁)
睡覺時,他們必須把自己綁在什么東西上,以防止到處漂浮。
◆attach vt.系;綁;貼;認為有重要性
Please attach these labels to your hand luggage.
請把這些標簽貼在您的手提行李上。
I will attach a document to the letter.
我將把文件附在信中。
[備用例句]
①He is deeply attached to the old camera.
他非常喜歡那個舊相機。
②This middle school is attached to a normal college.
這所中學附屬于一所師范學院。
③Parents attach much importance to education.
父母認為教育很重要。

以上attach短語中的to均為介詞,后接名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語。

單句語法填空
①We must attach great importance 　　　　 the development of space research.?
完成句子
②海倫在禮物中附上了一張便條,以表達對主人的感謝。
Helen expressed her thanks to the host by 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the gift.?
③因為寫作在我們的學業(yè)表現(xiàn)中起著重要的作用,所以我們重視寫作是明智的。
It is wise for us 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 writing,because it plays an important role in our academic performance.?
④這個小女孩非常喜歡她的英語老師。
The little girl 　　　　　　　　　　　　 her English teacher.?
答案:①to?、赼ttaching a note to　③to attach importance to?、躨s attached to

Countries around the globe are spending billions of dollars and lots of time on various space missions,whether to Mars or other planets much further away.(教材第44頁)
世界各國正在投入數(shù)十億美元的資金和大量時間執(zhí)行各種太空任務,無論是去火星還是更遠的星球。
◆whether...or...不管……還是……
He seemed undecided whether to go or stay.
他似乎還沒有決定去留。
Whether true or false,the story is interesting.
不管是真是假,這個故事很有趣。

完成句子
①這一想法能否付諸實踐還有待觀察。
It remains to be seen 　　　　　　　　　 this idea can be put into practice.?
②最終這個點子是好還是壞,我們會弄清楚的。
　　　　 it turns out to be a good idea 　　　　 a bad idea,we’ll find out.?
答案:①whether or not?、赪hether;or

1.However,others feel this is a shallow view which fails to realise how exploring space helps us.(教材第44頁)
然而,另一部分人認為這是一種膚淺的觀點,沒有認識到探索太空給我們帶來的好處。
本句是一個主從復合句,包含兩個賓語從句和一個定語從句。第一個從句this is a shallow view...是賓語從句,作動詞feel的賓語;第二個從句which fails to realise...是定語從句,修飾名詞view;第三個從句how exploring space helps us為賓語從句,作realise的賓語。

單句情境寫作
①然而,60%的同學覺得學生帶手機上學不好,這已經(jīng)成為家長不知道該怎么處理的問題了。

②然而,有不少人覺得這是一個不實用的計劃,它沒有意識到環(huán)保對我們有多重要。

③我覺得這是一個沒能意識到父母的陪伴對孩子有多重要的觀點。

答案:①However,60 percent of students think it is not good for students to bring mobile phones to school,which has become a problem that parents don’t know how to deal with.
②However,quite a few people think this is an impractical plan,which fails to realise how important environmental protection is to us.
③I think this is a point of view that fails to realise how important parental company is to children.
2.As a result,space-based science has helped farming in its efforts to grow enough food to feed Earth’s increasing population.(教材第44頁)
因此,基于太空的科學有助于提高農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)量,從而為地球上不斷增長的人口提供充足的食物。
本句是一個簡單句,包含有兩個動詞不定式短語to grow enough food和to feed Earth’s increasing population。其中第一個動詞不定式to grow enough food作定語,修飾名詞efforts;第二個動詞不定式to feed Earth’s increasing population作狀語,表示前面grow enough food的目的。

單句情境寫作
①為了養(yǎng)活一家人而更加辛苦工作,她的努力得到了回報。

②他早起是為了定期鍛煉,以達到強身健體的目的。

答案:①Her efforts to work harder to support her family paid off.
②He rises early in an effort to work out regularly to build up his strength.
3.High-end products around the world are made to a higher standard now because of advanced technology which was first created to meet the requirements for space exploration.(教材第44頁)
由于采用了先進的技術,如今全球高端產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)標準提高了,而這些技術最初是為了滿足太空探索的要求而研制出來的。
本句是一個主從復合句。定語從句which was first created to meet the requirements for space exploration修飾先行詞advanced technology。

單句情境寫作
①他們在校園里種了各種各樣的花,這成了校園的一道靚麗的風景線。

②他們在高考的最后一天畫了一幅最后發(fā)表在校報上的英語老師的肖像。

③在她傷心的時候,她的數(shù)學老師對她說了她將永遠珍惜的話語。

答案:①They planted all kinds of flowers in the campus which/that became a beautiful scenery of the campus.
②On the last day of the college entrance examination,they drew a picture of their English teacher which/ that was finally published in the school newspaper.
③When she was sad,her math teacher said the words to her that/which she will cherish forever.
1.Firstly,exploring space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger. (教材第44頁)
首先,太空探索已經(jīng)在對抗世界性的饑荒中發(fā)揮了重要作用。
◆make a difference 對……產(chǎn)生影響;有意義
...others are so jammed that only a sharp reduction in the number of cars on the road will make a meaningful difference. (2020浙江7月卷,閱讀理解B)
……其他城市交通堵塞如此嚴重,只有大幅減少道路上的汽車數(shù)量才能起有意義的作用。
Changing schools made a big difference to my life.
轉學對我的一生有著重大影響。

單句語法填空
①Whatever you can do can make a 　　　　(different).?
②What she says will make no difference 　　　　 our plan.?
完成句子
③It 　　　　　　　　　　　　(對你沒有影響),but it does to me.?
答案:①difference?、趖o?、踡akes no difference to you
2....other machines that doctors regularly use. (教材第44頁)
……醫(yī)生經(jīng)常使用的其他設備。
◆regularly adv. 經(jīng)常地;定期地
I go there quite regularly.
我經(jīng)常去那兒。
Take the medicine regularly three times a day.
定時吃藥,每天三次。

單句語法填空
①There are two main sets of Games—the Winter and the Summer Olympics,and both are held every four years 　　　　 a regular basis. ?
②If you want to keep fit,you can exercise 　　　　(regular)in a gym.?
答案:①on　②regularly

An argumentative essay about space exploration

1.文體類型:議論文。
2.要點內(nèi)容:
(1)就“人類是否應該進行宇宙探索”這一話題進行討論;
(2)從正反兩方面進行論述;
(3)闡明自己的觀點。

1.首段常用句式:
Different people have different ideas about ...
對于……不同的人有不同的觀點。
I hold the view that ...
我認為……
Different people look at the question in different ways.
不同的人對這個問題有不同的看法。
Recently we have had a heated discussion on whether...or not.
最近我們就是否……進行了熱烈的討論。
According to a recent survey,...
依照最近的一項調(diào)查,……
Opinions are divided on the question.
在這個問題上意見有分歧。
Every coin has two sides.
事物都有兩面性。
2.中段常用句式:
60% of the people hold the view that ...
百分之六十的人認為……
I think there are many advantages in exploring space.First...Second...
我認為探索太空有很多優(yōu)點。第一,……第二,……
On the other hand,the rest of the people are against ...
另一方面,其余的人反對……
Generally speaking,its advantages can be seen as follows.
一般來說,它的優(yōu)點如下。
Some students are for the idea,while others think otherwise.
一些學生贊成這個想法,而另一些人則不這么認為。
However,there are a large number of people who hold a different view concerning this case.
然而,有很多人對這個事情持不同的看法。
Some hold the view that...while others think that...
有些人認為……,然而另一些人認為……
3.尾段常用句式:
I hold the belief that ...
我堅信……
I think we should ...
我認為我們應該……
From my point of view,...
在我看來,……
Therefore,we can draw the conclusion that...
因此,我們可以得出結論……

最近,你班同學就“人類是否應該進行太空探索”這個問題進行了激烈的討論。有人認為,探索太空不僅能讓人類更好地了解宇宙的發(fā)展,還可以用來指導農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn),以及把一些探索太空的高新技術用于現(xiàn)實生活;也有一些人認為探索太空花掉了大量的人力、物力,影響了人們的生活水平。請你根據(jù)以上情況用英語寫一篇報告,并發(fā)表自己的觀點。
注意:寫作詞數(shù)應為80左右。

Ⅰ.對接單元詞匯
1.　　　　　　　　是否……?
2.　　　　　　　　探索太空?
3.　　　　　　　　弄清楚;弄明白?
4.　　　　　　　　爭論/爭辯……?
5.　　　　　　　　給某人提供某物?
答案:1.whether...or not　2.explore space/ space exploration　3.figure out　4.argue that...　5.provide sb.with sth./provide sth.for sb.
Ⅱ.巧用單元句式、語法
完成句子
1.最近,我們就這個問題進行了熱烈的討論。
Recently,we have 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　about the problem.?
2.一些人認為,太空探索能讓我們弄清宇宙是如何發(fā)展的。
Some people hold the view that space exploration will enable us to 　　　　　　　　 how the universe develops.?
3.另一些人爭辯道,我們應該停止探索太空。
Other people 　　　　　　　　 we should stop exploring space.?
4.它花費太多的時間和金錢。
It costs 　　　　　　　　 time and money.?
5.它可以為世界提供許多不同的好處。
It can 　　　　 the world 　　　　 many different benefits.?
6.它還可以解決人們的短期和長期問題。
It can also 　　　　 people’s short-term and long-term problems.?
答案:1.held a heated discussion　2.figure out　3.argue that　4.too much　5.provide;with 6.solve

1.將第3、第4句用原因狀語從句連接。

2.將第5、第6句用not only...but also...合并。

答案:1.Other people argue that we should stop exploring space because it costs too much time and money.
2.It can not only provide the world with many different benefits,but can also solve people’s short-term and long-term problems.

Recently,we have held a heated discussion about the problem whether mankind should explore space or not.Different people have different opinions about it.
Some people hold the view that space exploration will not only enable us to figure out how the universe develops but also help farming to grow more food and apply the new advanced technology to our lives.However,other people argue that we should stop exploring space because it costs too much time and money.
From my point of view,it is very necessary for humans to explore space.It can not only provide the world with many different benefits,but can also solve people’s short-term and long-term problems.

近日,“是否應該加強中小學勞動教育”這一話題在校園中引發(fā)了熱議。請你根據(jù)下面表格中的內(nèi)容,給校報寫一篇英語短文。

學生的觀點
一部分學生認為:勞動教育有助于身體健康
另一部分學生認為:勞動教育占用學習時間,影響成績
你的觀點
……
　　注意:
1.寫作詞數(shù)應為80左右;
2.可以適當增加細節(jié),以使行文連貫。

　　One possible version:
Recently,there is a heated discussion on whether students should be given labour education at school.
As for students,opinions are divided.On one hand,some students think that it will be of great benefit to their health,enabling them to get into shape. On the other hand,some students hold the view that this kind of education will take up their time,which will be spent studying.What’s more,it will have a negative effect on their grades.
As far as I’m concerned,students definitely should receive labour education so that they’ll value more what labour brings about.
課時作業(yè)(八)　UNIT 4　Part 2

Ⅰ.語境填詞
1.In her spare time,she 　　　　(regular) took her son to the museums.?
2.To be honest,a lot of people attach great importance to 　　　　(become) rich and famous.?
3.They provided some necessary support 　　　　 the sufferers.?
4.So from the 　　　　(globe) perspective,it is very important.?
5.He gave up without 　　　　(argue).?
6.There are many kinds of 　　　　(resource) like coal,tungsten,oil,and copper.?
7.Henry is a man of 　　　　(limit)ability,so the manager won’t allow him to take charge of the department.?
8.At the 　　　　(close) ceremony,they gave us a wonderful performance.?
9.As far as I’m concerned,what he said will result 　　　　 his complete change in his attitude to life.?
10.What can we do with our money running 　　　　? ?
答案:1.regularly　2.becoming　3.for　4.global 5.argument　6.resources　7.limited 8.closing　9.in　10.out
Ⅱ.單句情境寫作
1.河流的污染導致飲用水不安全。
The pollution of the river has 　　　　　　　　 unsafe drinking water.?
2.他靠賣報紙養(yǎng)活了這么一個大家庭。
He himself 　　　　　　　　 such a big family by selling newspapers.?
3.我們不能在六個月后就把錢花光。
We cannot just 　　　　　　　　　　　　 six months later.?
4.最后,我祝愿今晚的音樂會成功,祝大家度過一個美好的夜晚!
　　　　　　　　,I wish the concert a great success and wish all of you a pleasant evening!?
5.我認為這項研究十分重要。
I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 this research.?
答案:1.resulted in　2.provides for　3.run out of money　4.In closing　5.attach great importance to

Ⅰ.閱讀理解
Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts.The microorganisms (微生物) from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station,so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week.How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem? It’s turning to a bunch of high school kids.But not just any kids.It is depending on NASA HUNCH high school classrooms,like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport,New York.
HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers.For the past two years,Gordon’s students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity,and they think they’re close to a solution(解決方案).“We don’t give the students any breaks.They have to do it just like NASA engineers,”says Florence Gold,a project manager.
“There are no tests,”Gordon says.“There is no graded homework.There almost are no grades,other than‘Are you working towards your goal?’Basically,it’s ‘I’ve got to produce this product and then,at the end of the year,present it to NASA’.Engineers come and really do an in-person review,and...it’s not a very nice thing at times.It’s a hard business review of your product.”
Gordon says the HUNCH programme has an impact(影響) on college admissions and practical life skills.“These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back.I don’t teach.”And that annoying bacteria? Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem,readying a workable solution to test in space.
1.What do we know about the bacteria in the International Space Station?
A.They are hard to get rid of.
B.They lead to air pollution.
C.They appear in different forms.
D.They damage the instruments.
2.What is the purpose of the HUNCH programme?
A.To strengthen teacher-student relationships.
B.To sharpen students’communication skills.
C.To allow students to experience zero gravity.
D.To link space technology with school education.
3.What do the NASA engineers do for the students in the programme?
A.Check their product.
B.Guide project designs.
C.Adjust work schedules.
D.Grade their homework.
4.What is the best title for the text?
A.NASA:The Home of Astronauts
B.Space:The Final Homework Frontier
C.Nature:An Outdoor Classroom
D.HUNCH:A College Admission Reform
語篇導讀:本文是一篇說明文,介紹了美國一所中學與NASA合作的聯(lián)合科研項目,解決國際空間站中的細菌問題。閱讀本文,有利于培養(yǎng)學生積極探索、努力解決問題的意識。
答案及剖析:
1.A　推理判斷題?？疾閷W生根據(jù)文本信息進行推斷歸納的能力。根據(jù)第一段中的“The microorganisms(微生物)...cleaning them up each week.”可知,來自我們身體的微生物在太空站的表面增長得很快,宇航員每周得花很長時間清理它們。由此斷定太空站里的細菌很難清除。故選A。
2.D　細節(jié)理解題?？疾閷W生識別和理解文本中具體信息的能力。根據(jù)第二段的第一句“HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers.”可知,HUNCH項目的目的是把學校教育與航天技術聯(lián)系在一起。故選D。
3.A　細節(jié)理解題?？疾閷W生識別和理解文本中具體信息的能力。根據(jù)第三段的最后兩句“Engineers come and really do an in-person review...It’s a hard business review of your product.”可知,NASA工程師親自檢查那些高中學生的產(chǎn)品。故選A。
4.B　標題歸納題。考查學生理解和概括主旨要義的能力。本文主要介紹了一個項目:把高中的教室教學與太空的研究聯(lián)系起來,使學生們得到NASA工程師們的指導。因此在選標題時既要有太空,還要有學生,而選項B將其完美地結合了起來。故選B。
Ⅱ.完形填空
As a young child,I lacked confidence,mainly because of my foot defect(缺陷).I was 　1　 about it by being called penguin.It made me feel ignored.It was not until I moved to a new place that a(n)　2　 happened in my life.This move was important 　3　 here I could have a fresh start.?
My 　4　 life started when I met my best friend who was the reason I 　5　 social loneliness.He helped me by being a friend in 　6　.Someone who you can trust will 　7　 when you come to them with a problem.Unfortunately,however hard I tried,I could not get rid of my shame.This is when I learnt some things never change.I was 　8　 enough to have one friend to help me survive.?
I came to 　9　 that I don’t want others to feel 　10　 and left out.I started by becoming more easy-going and open.I 　11　 at people to show I was friendly.Finally,I not only helped people who were left out,but also helped myself by 　12　 more friends and grew more as a person.I 　13　 more when I finally accepted my name and defect for what they were.?
This experience changed my view on life.Life is to give everyone a 　14　 to overcome(克服).Everyone eventually has to 　15　 life as it is.?
1.A.curious B.confused
C.amused D.uncomfortable
2.A.duty B.change
C.effect D.trouble
3.A.before B.until
C.because D.when
4.A.awful B.strange
C.interesting D.new
5.A.satisfied B.survived
C.developed D.received
6.A.need B.pain
C.advance D.danger
7.A.wake B.live
C.stay D.understand
8.A.lucky B.disappointed
C.dull D.talented
9.A.research B.realise
C.explore D.demand
10.A.helpful B.lively
C.friendly D.lonely
11.A.stared B.pointed
C.smiled D.laughed
12.A.hunting B.making
C.treating D.spreading
13.A.followed B.cleared
C.grew D.held
14.A.challenge B.favour
C.test D.threat
15.A.replace B.accept
C.resist D.reward
語篇導讀:本文是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。作者是一位腳有缺陷的人,被其他人稱為“企鵝”,作者為此感到很苦惱。但是作者通過搬到新地方并交到新朋友,而改變了自己對生活的態(tài)度——每個人最終都必須接受生活本來的樣子。閱讀本文,有利于培養(yǎng)學生正視真實的自己、做更好的自己、勇敢面對自己缺陷的意識。
文章脈絡

答案及剖析:
1.D　根據(jù)上文的“As a young child,I lacked confidence,mainly because of my foot defect(缺陷).”和下文的“about it by being called penguin”可知,作者因腳有缺陷而被稱為“企鵝”,對作者來說這是一件難過的事情,對此他應是感到很不舒服、不自在(uncomfortable)。
2.B　根據(jù)上文“It made me feel ignored.”及設空處所在句“It was not until I moved to a new place that a(n)　2　 happened in my life.”可知,作者在搬去新地方之前感覺自己都是被忽視的,直到作者搬到一個新的地方,才發(fā)生了變化(change)。設空處所在句與上文是轉折關系。?
3.C　根據(jù)上文可知,作者直到搬到一個新的地方,生活才發(fā)生了變化,因為在那里作者可以有新的開始。設空處應是對上文進行解釋說明,構成因果關系。故選because。
4.D　根據(jù)上文“here I could have a fresh start(在這里我可以有新的開始)”可知,此處應是指“我的新(new)生活開始了”。
5.B　根據(jù)設空處所在句“My 　4　 life started when I met my best friend who was the reason I 　5　 social loneliness.”以及本段最后一句“I was 　8　 enough to have one friend to help me survive.”可知,作者遇到一個重要的朋友,讓他開始了新的生活,不再像以前一樣被忽略,活在孤獨中。說明這個朋友應是幫助他從孤獨中活(survived)過來。?
6.A　根據(jù)上文“I met my best friend who was the reason I 　5　 social loneliness”可知,作者的這位朋友將作者從孤獨中拯救出來,在他需要(need)時成為他的朋友,并幫助他克服社交困難。?
7.D　根據(jù)上文的“Someone who you can trust”以及下文的“when you come to them with a problem”可知,一個你能信任的人,說明他是支持你的,當你有困難去找他,他會給予理解(understand)。
8.A　根據(jù)下文的“to have one friend to help me survive”可知,有一個朋友幫助他挺過來,對于作者來說應是幸運的(lucky)。
9.B　根據(jù)上文“I was 　8　 enough to have one friend to help me survive.”及下文“I don’t want others to feel 　10　 and left out”“I started by becoming more easy-going and open.”可知,作者很幸運,得到了朋友的幫助,使他從社交困難中挺了過來,因此改變了自己,說明作者應是意識到(realise)了他不想讓其他人像他那樣也感到孤獨和被忽視,所以才會有下文講到作者開始變得開朗。?
10.D　根據(jù)下文的“and left out”可知,and連接的應是兩個近義詞。此處應是指作者不想其他人也感到孤獨(lonely)和被忽視。
11.C　根據(jù)下文的“to show I was friendly”可知,作者的目的是表示友好,所以作者應是對別人微笑(smiled)。
12.B　根據(jù)上文的“I not only helped people who were left out,but also helped myself”以及下文的“and grew more as a person”可知,作者不僅幫助那些被忽視的人,同時幫助了他自己,說明設空處所指的做法應是可以達到雙向互助的效果,所以設空處應是指結交朋友。make friends為固定搭配,意為“交朋友”。
13.C　根據(jù)上文“grew more as a person”可知,作者得到了成長,而當他最終接受了自己的缺陷時,應是相對之前更成熟了,得到了更大的成長。C項符合語境,與上文對應。
14.A　根據(jù)上文“This experience changed my view on life.”以及文章講到的作者的經(jīng)歷可知,作者由剛開始對自己沒信心,對自己的缺陷感到困惑,社交困難,到后來遇見了幫助他的一個朋友,從而對自己改觀,敢于挑戰(zhàn)自己,與別人交朋友。由此可知,設空處應是講“生活就是給人一個需要克服的挑戰(zhàn)(challenge)”,克服挑戰(zhàn)就是生活本來的樣子。
15.B　根據(jù)上文的“when I finally accepted my name and defect for what they were”以及文章講到的作者的經(jīng)歷可知,作者在克服了生活的挑戰(zhàn)之后,應是意識到每個人最終都要學會接受(accept)生活本來的樣子。
核心素養(yǎng)提升(UNIT 4)
(時間:120分鐘　滿分:150分)
第一部分　聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)

高考主播音頻
第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)
聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。
1.How much does the chair cost now?(　B　)
A.￡80. B.￡72.
C.￡10.
2.What is the time now?(　A　)
A.4:40. B.5:00.
C.5:20.
3.Who could help the woman?(　A　)
A.Her neighbour. B.Her teacher.
C.The man.
4.Where will the woman go first?(　C　)
A.To the beach. B.To the bank.
C.To the toilet.
5.What are the speakers talking about?(　C　)
A.A broken bridge. B.A car accident.
C.A traffic jam.
第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)
聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。
聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。
6.What is the conversation mainly about?(　C　)
A.Applying for a passport.
B.Growing up in a rich family.
C.Borrowing money from a bank.
7.What kind of identification does the man have to bring tomorrow?(　A　)
A.A passport. B.A driver’s licence.
C.A letter from a relative.
聽第7段材料,回答第8、9題。
8.What happened to the boy?(　A　)
A.He got lost.
B.He fought with Paul.
C.He was badly injured.
9.How does the woman probably feel at the end of the conversation?(　C　)
A.Angry. B.Disappointed.
C.Relieved.
聽第8段材料,回答第10～12題。
10.What did the man lose?(　A　)
A.The receipt. B.The wallet.
C.The plane tickets.
11.What does the woman think of the man?(　C　)
A.He is forgetful. B.He is too busy.
C.He is careless.
12.Where does the woman suggest the man search?(　A　)
A.In his suitcase. B.In his pockets.
C.In his desk.
聽第9段材料,回答第13～16題。
13.How does the man feel about the technology show?(　B　)
A.A little disappointed.
B.Quite impressed.
C.Very confused.
14.Why is the woman concerned?(　C　)
A.She thinks the man is careless about people.
B.She has no idea what she will write for her term paper.
C.She is afraid using robots might not be good for people.
15.According to the man,what should China do?(　B　)
A.Research the effects of robots on daily life.
B.Become more competitive by using robots.
C.Hire more engineers to develop new technology.
16.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?(　C　)
A.Co-workers.
B.Boss and employee.
C.Classmates.
聽第10段材料,回答第17～20題。
17.What does the speaker want to tell us about?(　B　)
A.How money came into use.
B.Something about money used in the early days.
C.How to decide the value of money.
18.Which of the following might have been used as money in Asia?(　A　)
A.Tea. 　　B.Salt. 　　C.Nuts.
19.Who were the first people to use coin money?(　C　)
A.European. B.American Indians.
C.Chinese.
20.Which statement is TRUE?(　A　)
A.Things lowly valued by everyone may not serve as money.
B.Salt is seldom used as a kind of money.
C.The most common money of all was a plant of some kind.
聽力原文
第一節(jié)
(Text 1)
W:Excuse me,I’m interested in that chair—the one for eighty pounds.
M:Actually,there’s ten percent off everything in the shop this week.
(Text 2)
M:I’m going to visit my aunt in New York.I told her to meet me at the airport at 5:00.See,we’ll reach there very soon.
W:Yes,in 20 minutes.
(Text 3)
W:I’m making a card for my language teacher.I can’t remember the German for
“Get better soon”.
M:Why don’t you ask your neighbour Ingrid?She speaks German fluently.
(Text 4)
M:Hey,Lynn.What’s up?Are you heading to the beach,too?
W:I’m trying to get there as fast as I can.By the way,I need to deposit some money at the bank.But first,I’ve really got to find a ladies’room!
(Text 5)
W:John,listen to the traffic news.Due to a bridge falling down,moving is very difficult around Norcombe Central Station.
M:Terrible.And the police recommend buses and cars should avoid the area for the time being.
第二節(jié)
(Text 6)
W:I’m not able to help you with such an unusual request,Mr DeBeers.Why would someone so rich need to borrow $10,000?
M:That’s the funny thing,Ms Rothschild.I’m not who you think I am.I’m a distant relation to those wealthy people.We just share the same last name.I’m actually quite poor.
W:Hmm...well,in this case,the bank will have to make sure you are who you say you are.Do you have any ID with you?
M:Yes,I brought my driver’s licence.
W:I think we’ll need more than that to check your identity.Do you have a passport?
M:Yes,but I left it at home.
W:Then,please bring it with you tomorrow.
(Text 7)
M:Hello,Mom,it’s me.Look,I know you must be really angry and I’m very sorry.
We didn’t mean to get lost.
W:Oh,Peter,it’s so good to hear your voice!We’ve been worried about you.We were sure this phone call would be bad news.I mean,it’s been three days!Are you really OK?
M:Yeah,Paul’s got slight injuries from his fall out on the hills,but other than that,yeah,we’re doing fine.
W:Well,thank goodness!When do you think you’ll be able to get home?
M:The day after tomorrow.
(Text 8)
M:I can’t find the receipt for my plane tickets from that trip I took last week.
W:Not again,Phil!This is the third time this week you’ve lost something.
M:I need to find that receipt,or my company won’t pay me back for my plane tickets.
I’ve looked in my desk,in the wallet,in the pockets...
W:If I were you,I’d check the suitcase you were using during the trip.Remember what happened last time?
M:Oh,yeah,thanks a lot.I think I lost it there.
(Text 9)
M:Did you see those robots?They were so smart!I can’t believe how many different kinds there were at the technology show.They could do so many things,too!Even activities that I thought could only be done by human hands!
W:It’s really amazing.
M:I understand why they say that China’s future is in robots.They will change society!
W:That’s exactly what I’m afraid of.Can we predict what the consequences will be?
M:Well,it is hard to say.
W:I’m worried what the average person will experience as they communicate with robots on a daily basis.We are already surrounded by technology day and night in this modern society.Will some people completely lose the ability to form relationships with other people?These are some of the questions I’ll be researching for my term paper.
M:I understand your concerns,but I think our country needs to become more competitive with other countries that are also developing this technology.We can ask Prof.Smith to talk a bit more about this in his next class.
(Text 10)
M:Good morning everybody.My topic for today is “Early Money”.I’m going to tell you something about money used in the early days.To be honest,we know little about how early people came to use money,but we do know some of the things that have been used as money.In early times in some European countries,salt was difficult to get.It was used as money.In some parts of Asia,tea was used for money.The American Indians used nuts and other things.Perhaps the most common money of all was an animal of some kind.In some places today,cows are still used as a kind of money.So you see,things highly valued by everybody may serve as money.The Chinese were the first people to use coins as money.
第二部分　閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)
閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。
A
When it comes to thrilling places to travel to,the nation of Thailand has got to be at or near the top of the list.The beaches of Thailand are simply amazing.Here is a look at the four best beaches in all of Thailand.
Maya Bay
This small beach attracts some huge crowds,but it is still worth a visit thanks to what is widely regarded as some of the best sights in the whole country.The Maya Bay Beach is located on a small island and is only accessible (可進入的) via boat or passenger ferry.
Lamai Beach
For the traveller looking for a quite unforgettable beach experience during their visit to Thailand,a trip out to Lamai Beach in Samui is a must.The sandy areas are long and wide with plenty of room for everyone.The water is inviting and easy to access.
Patong Beach
Patong Beach is not only one of the most beautiful and popular beaches in Thailand,but it is the largest beach on the popular island of Phuket.The soft white sand is a great place to relax.Some of the many great activities that travellers can join in during a visit to Patong Beach include jet skiing,kayaking,surfing,
diving,snorkeling (浮潛),swimming and more.
Haad Rin
Haad Rin is one of the most popular party spots in the country,for both locals and travellers.All month long,during most parts of the year,there are some special entertainment (娛樂),eating,and socialising opportunities.
21.If you want to have a very impressive beach experience,which is highly recommended?
A.Maya Bay. B.Lamai Beach.
C.Patong Beach. D.Haad Rin.
22.Where will you go if you like underwater sports?
A.Maya Bay. B.Lamai Beach.
C.Patong Beach. D.Haad Rin.
23.What will travellers experience at Haad Rin?
A.Relax on the white soft sand.
B.Take part in adventurous activities.
C.Have a good time with the people living here.
D.Learn much culture and history about Thailand.
語篇導讀:本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了泰國的四個最好的海灘。閱讀本文,有利于拓寬學生的視野,擴大學生的知識儲備范圍。
答案及剖析:
21.B　細節(jié)理解題。考查學生識別和理解文本中具體信息的能力。根據(jù)文中Lamai Beach中的第一句可知,對于那些在泰國尋找難忘海灘體驗的游客來說,蘇梅島的拉邁海灘是必須要去的。故選B。
22.C　細節(jié)理解題?？疾閷W生識別和理解文本中具體信息的能力。根據(jù)Patong Beach中的第三句可知,游客在巴東海灘游玩時,可以參加的許多很棒的活動包括摩托艇、皮劃艇、沖浪、潛水、浮潛、游泳等等,由此可知,巴東海灘提供水下活動項目。故選C。
23.C　細節(jié)理解題。考查學生識別和理解文本中具體信息的能力。根據(jù)Haad Rin中的第一句可知,哈林海灘是該國最受歡迎的派對地點之一,對當?shù)厝撕陀慰蛠碚f都是如此。由此可知,游客可以在這里和當?shù)厝诉M行各種娛樂活動。故選C。
B
Is it your dream to fly and to work in space? Do you want to be a NASA astronaut? Like many jobs,the first thing would be to fill out the application.A record-breaking 18,300 people filled out applications recently when NASA announced it was filling its Astronaut Candidate programme.But out of those 18,300 applicants,just 8 to 14 will be hired by the US space agency.
It will take 18 months to decide who will be in the new class of astronauts.NASA will review all of the files,which will later go to its current team of astronauts,to make sure they meet the basic qualifications(技能條件).
The first requirement is that the applicants must be US citizens.They need a college degree in engineering,biological science,physical science,computer science,or mathematics.They also need at least three years of experience in a similar field or at least 1,000 hours as a jet pilot.
There are requirements to pass a physical test.And then there are personality qualities tests as well.What kinds of personalities are NASA looking for in an astronaut? NASA’s Selection Manager Anne Roemer said,“I think leadership,
teamwork,the ability to not only work on a team,lead a team,but also follow,be a follower on a team.Communication certainly plays a role,so it’s some pretty common skills that translate into even other professions.”
About 120 applicants will be invited to the Johnson Space Centre in Houston,
Texas,for a first round of interviews,about half of whom will go back for a second round.Once selected,they must complete two years of training in everything about spaceflight—things like learning about all the systems used by NASA,walking in space and Russian language training.Until the US has a working vehicle to be launched into space,NASA still depends on Russia to get astronauts into space.
24.How many applicants will be selected by NASA?
A.About half of them.
B.8 to 14 applicants.
C.About 120 applicants.
D.About 60 applicants.
25.　　　 is the necessary personality quality according to NASA’s Selection Manager.?
A.Devotion 　 B.Team spirit
C.Friendliness 　 D.Patience
26.Which is NOT the basic requirement the applicants have to meet?
A.A college degree in required areas.
B.Related experience.
C.Speaking Russian fluently.
D.Passing physical and personality tests.
27.Which may be the best title for the passage?
A.What is Taken to Be an Astronaut?
B.How to Train an Astronaut?
C.NASA Welcomes Its Most Applicants
D.NASA’s Astronaut Candidate Programme
語篇導讀:本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了美國國家航空航天局甄選宇航員時,提出宇航員必須具備的條件:他們需要工程學、生物科學、物理科學、計算機科學或數(shù)學的大學學位;他們還需要至少三年在類似領域的經(jīng)驗,以及必備品質(zhì):具有領導力,團隊合作能力以及溝通能力。閱讀本文,可以培養(yǎng)學生樹立高遠志向、提高自身素質(zhì)和能力、為了自己的目標而努力奮斗的意識。
答案及剖析:
24.B　細節(jié)理解題?？疾閷W生識別和理解文本中具體信息的能力。根據(jù)第一段中的“But out of those 18,300 applicants,just 8 to 14 will be hired by the US space agency.”可知,但在這18 300名申請者中,只有8至14人將被美國國家航空航天局聘用。故選B。
25.B　細節(jié)理解題。考查學生識別和理解文本中具體信息的能力。根據(jù)第四段中的“I think leadership...follow,be a follower on a team.”可知,他認為團隊精神是申請者必備的性格品質(zhì)。故選B。
26.C　細節(jié)理解題?？疾閷W生識別和理解文本中具體信息的能力。根據(jù)第三段中的“They need a college degree in engineering...a similar field or at least 1,000 hours as a jet pilot.”可知,A選項“要求領域的大學學位”和B選項“相關經(jīng)驗”屬于基本要求;根據(jù)第四段中的“There are requirements to pass a physical test.And then there are personality qualities tests as well.”可知,D選項“通過身體和性格測試”也屬于基本要求。只有C選項“說一口流利的俄語”不屬于基本要求。
27.A　主旨大意題。考查學生理解和概括主旨要義的能力。根據(jù)第一段中的“A record-breaking 18,300 people filled out...just 8 to 14 will be hired by the US space agency.”并結合文章內(nèi)容可知,本文主要介紹了美國國家航空航天局甄選宇航員時提出的宇航員必須具備的條件。故A選項“成為宇航員的條件是什么?”符合文章標題。
C
Many people travel to different places in the world by air.Usually it takes a long time,perhaps half a day,for passengers to stay in the plane.So airlines offer passengers food.But it is common that they feel bad about food taste.Do you agree?
To solve this problem,airlines try hard to improve their food.They would like to do so because they don’t want to lose customers.
However,according to scientific research,part of the reason why plane food tastes bad is that at high altitude (海拔) we cannot taste things as well as we do on the ground.Also scientists have found that our noses become very dry even before a plane takes off.As the plane moves up,the change in air pressure reduces one third of the sensibility (感覺) of our taste buds (味蕾).So our taste buds become senseless.The sad fact,however,is that our noses don’t know it.
All of these help explain why food on the plane tastes so bad.They also help explain why airlines choose to offer passengers salty and spicy (辛辣的) food.
Without doing so,the food would be tasteless.
Now there are many researches on this.According to one of them,some volunteers are asked to lie with their feet higher than their heads for weeks.And scientists write down their feelings about food taste.
Though scientists try their best,it is not as easy as they thought.Because they can’t deal with the special environment successfully,such as the change in air pressure,making food taste good is still hard for them.
28.In Paragraph 2,“this problem”means 　　　.?
A.passengers stay long in the plane
B.food on the plane tastes bad
C.passengers have no food to eat
D.food on the plane is expensive
29.As the plane moves up,the change in air pressure reduces 　　 of the sensibility of our taste buds.?
A.half B.one third
C.one fourth D.one fifth
30.Why do scientists feel it hard to make food on the plane taste good?
A.Because the volunteers don’t know about food taste.
B.Because the volunteers don’t understand them.
C.Because they can’t find enough volunteers.
D.Because they can’t deal with the special environment successfully.
31.What is the best title of the passage?
A.Airplane Travel
B.Taste of Airplane Food
C.Scientific Research on Noses
D.The Change in Air Pressure
語篇導讀:本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了很多人經(jīng)常乘飛機旅行,而飛機上的食物不好吃。很多航空公司和科學家們也努力解決這個問題,但很難,因為他們不能成功地應對特殊的環(huán)境,比如氣壓的變化對味覺的影響。閱讀本文,有利于培養(yǎng)學生了解航空知識、努力奮斗、為航天事業(yè)做貢獻的意識。
答案及剖析:
28.B　詞義猜測題?？疾閷W生在具體語境中推測詞匯意義的能力。分析可知,problem之前有限定詞this,this一般指代前文提及的內(nèi)容,由此可推知“this problem”應是指文章第一段中“But it is common that they feel bad about food taste.”提及的飛機上的食物味道不好這一問題。故選B。
29.B　細節(jié)理解題?？疾閷W生識別和理解文本中具體信息的能力。根據(jù)文章第三段中的“As the plane moves up,the change in air pressure reduces one third of the sensibility
(感覺) of our taste buds(味蕾).”可知,隨著飛機的上升,氣壓的變化會使味蕾的敏感度降低三分之一。故選B。
30.D　細節(jié)理解題。考查學生識別和理解文本中具體信息的能力。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的“Because they can’t deal with...making food taste good is still hard for them.”可知,科學家們覺得很難把飛機上的食物做得好吃,是因為他們無法成功應對飛機飛行中的特殊環(huán)境。故選D。
31.B　主旨大意題?？疾閷W生理解和概括文章主旨要義的能力。通過閱讀文章可知,文章第一段中的“So airlines offer passengers food.But it is common that they feel bad about food taste.”提出了本文的話題“飛機餐的味道不好”,并以此話題為中心,在后文闡述了飛機餐不好吃的原因以及研究人員為此而做的努力。B項“Taste of Airplane Food”符合主題,可作為最佳標題。故選B。
D
With the help of the car manufacturer (汽車制造商) Hyundai,a 13-year-old girl was able to send a message to space,where her dad works on the International Space Station (ISS).
“He gets to live and work in space and he is doing lots of experiments up there.He has to stay there for long periods of time...I miss him when he is gone,”Stephanie,who is from Houston,Texas,said in a video.“I think if we could write a really big message he would be able to see it from space.”
Hyundai took her wish to heart and decided to take on the challenge.Using
Nevada’s Delamar Dry Lake as a canvas (畫布),11 drivers drove Hyundai cars,spelling out “Steph?s you”across 2.14 square miles of desert.A promotional video,which Hyundai made to record the process,caught her father’s response and showed the picture he took of her message from the ISS.
“I am happy that he could see it and knows that we are thinking about him back home,”Stephanie said.“He has seen so many things up there,but I hope that this message was the most special.”
There are many misunderstandings about what can and cannot be seen from space.
Contrary to popular belief,the Great Wall of China cannot be seen from space,but many seemingly less important things can be seen.
“A farmer from Louisiana could be burning wastes in his backyard,and it would make a big smoke trail that astronauts could see it from space,”said Mike Gentry,a photo researcher for NASA’s human-tended vehicles.And with a special camera,they can see the Earth in great detail and even keep up an eye on their favourite sports teams.
32.What can we know about Stephanie’s father?
A.He likes taking pictures.
B.He spends little time at home.
C.He works in a car company.
D.He often sends messages to his daughter.
33.How did Hyundai help the girl?
A.By offering a free ride.
B.By taking her to a guided tour.
C.By replaying her father’s response.
D.By making a large picture with cars.
34.Which of the following can be seen from space?
A.A moving car.
B.A standing farmer.
C.The Great Wall of China.
D.The smoke of burning rubbish.
35.What is the best title for the text?
A.Send Love to Space
B.A Girl of Great Talent
C.Observe the Earth Far Away
D.A New Way to Explore Space
語篇導讀:本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了汽車制造商Hyundai用自己的方式幫助一位13歲的小女孩向在國際空間站工作的爸爸傳遞愛和思念的故事。閱讀本文,有利于培養(yǎng)學生的親情意識。
答案及剖析:
32.B　細節(jié)理解題。考查學生識別和理解文本中具體信息的能力。根據(jù)第二段中的“He has to stay there for long periods of time...I miss him when he is gone.”可知,Stephanie的父親必須待在空間站,很少待在家。故選B。
33.D　細節(jié)理解題。考查學生識別和理解文本中具體信息的能力。根據(jù)第三段中的“Using Nevada’s Delamar Dry Lake as...across 2.14 square miles of desert.”可知,現(xiàn)代汽車在沙漠上拼出“Steph?s you”的圖案,來幫助小女孩讓她在空間站的父親能夠看到。
故選D。
34.D　細節(jié)理解題?？疾閷W生識別和理解文本中具體信息的能力。根據(jù)最后一段中的“A farmer from Louisiana could be burning...that astronauts could see it from space.”可知,宇航員可以在太空中看到一條巨大的煙霧軌跡,可能是農(nóng)民在自家后院焚燒垃圾。
故選D。
35.A　主旨大意題。考查學生理解和概括文章主旨要義的能力。結合全文,本文主要講述了一個女孩因思念在太空站執(zhí)行任務的父親,設法向其表達愛意的故事,A選項“把愛送到太空”最符合主旨大意。故選A。
第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)
閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
Five Steps to Better Handwriting
Some kids love handwriting,but others hate it when it’s time to put their pen to paper.Maybe they are worried about their handwriting.Are you one of them?
36.　　　.Here are five steps that really work!?
Get a great grasp
Try this—hold your pencil at the top and try to write your name.Pretty hard? But when you hold your pencil the correct way,writing is much easier.37.　　　.Hold it in place with your thumb,and your index(食指) and middle fingers.?
Let the lines be your guide
Lined paper is your friend!Those lines can help you create letters that are the right size and proportion(均衡).38.　　　.Also be sure to fill up the lined space completely.Those capital letters should be from the bottom line to the top one.?
Slow down
If your writing is hard to read,try slowing down a little.If you rush,it’s hard to control where you stop and start your letters.
Lower the pressure
39.　　　.That makes it harder to make the smooth lines.Try easing up and
don’t hold the pencil too tightly.?
40.　　?
Lots of games require you to write or draw pictures.So even though it’s not schoolwork,you’re still using the skills you need to control your pen better.
A.Play games
B.Ask for more advice
C.So “a”should be half the height of a capital “A”
D.You’ve been writing since you were a little kid
E.Some kids press down really hard when they write
F.The good news is that just about everyone can improve their handwriting
G.The best way to hold a pen or pencil is to let it rest next to the base of your thumb
語篇導讀:本文是一篇說明文,主要介紹了提高書寫水平的五種方法。閱讀本文,有利于幫助學生改善書寫。
答案及剖析:
36.F　考查學生理解上下文語義,建立段落內(nèi)語義連貫的能力。根據(jù)空后的“Here are five steps that really work!”可知,下文是介紹練就一手好字的五個方法,F選項“好消息是幾乎每個人都可以提高自己的書法水平”能承接下文,且選項中的“handwriting”和空前內(nèi)容相呼應。
37.G　考查學生對平行信息之間的銜接關系的理解能力。根據(jù)本段的標題Get a great grasp和空前后的內(nèi)容可知,G選項中“hold a pen”和前文的“hold your pencil”相呼應,“thumb”和下文的內(nèi)容相呼應,且本段主要講述的是注意握筆的姿勢,G選項“拿鋼筆或鉛筆的最好方法是讓它停在你的拇指底部旁邊”能承接上下文。
38.C　考查學生理解因果關聯(lián)意義的信息的能力。根據(jù)空前的“Those lines can help you create letters that are the right size and proportion(均衡).”可知,C選項“所以a應該是A的一半高”在語義上是因果關系,且選項中的大寫A和小寫a與前文提到的“the right size and proportion”相呼應。
39.E　考查學生理解平行和遞進語義連貫的具體信息的能力。根據(jù)本段標題Lower the pressure和下文的“That makes it harder to make the smooth lines.”可知,E選項中的“press”和標題相呼應,“hard”和下文的“harder”相呼應,且句意“有些孩子在寫字的時候非常用力”承接下文。
40.A　考查學生理解段落主題句和段內(nèi)銜接關系的能力。根據(jù)篇章結構可知,此處應選擇一個段落標題,再根據(jù)空后的“Lots of games require you to write or draw pictures.”可知,本段主要講的是玩游戲也可以鍛煉寫字技巧,故A選項“玩游戲”能概括本段的標題。
第三部分　語言運用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。
“Sara,don’t forget your promise to me that you will mow (割草) Mrs
Martin’s yard this weekend,”said Dad.“Don’t let me down.”
Sara was the oldest child in the family,and one of her chores was to mow their yard.Mrs Martin,their 　41　 neighbour,was unable to take care of her yard in her 70s,so Sara’s dad had volunteered Sara for this job.Since Mrs Martin’s yard was not big,Sara knew the job would go quickly.However,she still disliked her dad’s
　42　.?
“Why didn’t you ask me first?”Sara had 　43　.　?
“Did you ask me first when you volunteered me to be in the school festival last fall?”asked Sara’s father.
“Well,no,I didn’t ask you first,　44 　 you would have done those things anyway.You’re always 　45　 to help.”?
“I 　46　 when I can,”Dad answered.“Sara,we have known Mrs Martin for a very long time.She has often helped our family.Now we can do something for her.　47　,the feeling you get from helping someone makes you 　48　 who is really helping whom.”?
“I don’t know,Dad,”said Sara.“The only feeling I get from mowing our yard is 　49　.”?
“Just you wait and see,”said Dad.
After breakfast,Sara made her way to Mrs Martin’s yard.She was good at her job and soon had Mrs Martin’s yard looking 　50　.Mrs Martin came outside with a big glass of orange juice and 　51　 it to her.Sara stopped her work and gradually enjoyed the drink,while Mrs Martin talked to her about all of the flowers in her yard.Seeing the 　52　 in Mrs Martin’s eyes,Sara began to understand how much the yard 　53　 to Mrs Martin.?
After finishing her drink,Sara returned to work with a new 　54　.A warm feeling began to 　55　 through her body.Her dad was right.It was hard to tell who was helping whom!?
41.A.strange B.new
C.aged D.faithful
42.A.promise B.argument
C.permission D.introduction
43.A.replied B.suggested
C.complained D.announced
44.A.but B.so
C.or D.for
45.A.proud B.willing
C.afraid D.fortunate
46.A.choose B.succeed
C.hesitate D.try
47.A.Besides B.Instead
C.Therefore D.Otherwise
48.A.imagine B.explore
C.worry D.wonder
49.A.scared B.moved
C.tired D.relaxed
50.A.tidy B.alive
C.empty D.messy
51.A.threw B.delivered
C.offered D.sold
52.A.determination B.peace
C.curiosity D.joy
53.A.related B.meant
C.belonged D.referred
54.A.attitude B.wisdom
C.inspiration D.expectation
55.A.exist B.fly
C.spread D.break
語篇導讀:本文是一篇記敘文。文章通過講述Sara幫助年邁的鄰居割院子里的草,自己也感覺很快樂的經(jīng)歷,鼓勵人們要樂于助人,你在幫助別人的同時,不經(jīng)意間別人也幫助了你。閱讀本文,有利于培養(yǎng)學生樂于助人的意識。
文章脈絡

答案及剖析:
41.C　根據(jù)后文“was unable to take care of her yard in her 70s”可知,他們的鄰居上了年紀(aged)。
42.A　根據(jù)文章第一句中的“promise”,Sara向父親承諾這周要為馬丁太太家的院子割草,可知此處屬于詞匯復現(xiàn),意思是“然而,她仍然不喜歡與父親之間的這個承諾(promise)”。
43.C　根據(jù)“she still disliked...”和“Why didn’t you ask me first?”可知,Sara在抱怨(complained)。
44.A　句意:不,我沒有先問你,但是(but)不管怎樣你都會做那些事的。前后為轉折關系。
45.B　根據(jù)前文可知,這里意思是“你總是樂于(willing)助人”。
46.D　句意:我能做得到的話就試(try)一下。此處父親的意思是要盡力去幫助別人。
47.A　此處父親進一步告訴Sara助人為樂的好處,因此用besides,意為“此外”。
48.D　根據(jù)文章最后一句“It was hard to tell who was helping whom!(很難說是誰在幫誰!)”再結合選項可知,幫助別人的感覺會讓你納悶(wonder)到底是誰在幫誰。
49.C　根據(jù)前文“I don’t know,Dad”可知,Sara并不明白父親的意思,因此Sara對在院子里割草的唯一感受就是累(tired)。
50.A　根據(jù)“She was good at her job”可知不久,她就把馬丁太太的院子收拾得整整齊齊(tidy)了。
51.C　馬丁太太送給(offered)她一大杯橙汁。
52.D　53.B　句意:看到馬丁太太眼里的喜悅(joy),Sara開始明白這個院子對馬丁太太意味著(meant)什么。
54.A　根據(jù)上文中Sara開始明白了這個院子對馬丁太太意味著什么,也就開始理解父親的話,因此再回去工作時,Sara的態(tài)度(attitude)轉變了。
55.C　句意:一種溫暖的感覺開始蔓延(spread)至她全身。
第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
As the development of science and technology sped up,people had a much
56.　　　　(wide) range of places for their travels.They began to feel bored with the 57.　　　　(attraction) on the earth.Going to the space station became
58.　　　　 dream of many people.Zhang Qiang was no exception.After taking up the prize he 59.　　　　(win) the year before,he was taken into the future in a time capsule.60.　　　　(immediate) he arrived there,he was amazed at 61.　　　　 the future looked like.Luckily,it was under the 62.　　　　(direct) that he became familiar with the new surroundings in space in no time.Having been shown around a strange-looking house,he was then guided to a space station consisting
63.　　　　 three parts.Inside the space station were the most up-to-date inventions of the 31st century.In addition,there was a system where the waste was dealt with by 64.　　　　(use) the theory of ecology(生態(tài)學理論).Though troubled by lacking oxygen,Zhang Qiang was 65.　　　　(satisfy) with his journey and optimistic about the future.?
語篇導讀:本文是一篇記敘文,講述了張強乘坐時空艙到未來的所見所聞。閱讀本文,有利于培養(yǎng)學生的科技創(chuàng)新意識。
答案及剖析:
56.wider　考查形容詞的比較級。根據(jù)語境及空前的“much”可知,此處要用比較級,指人們?nèi)ヂ糜蔚哪康牡貢訌V泛,故填wider。
57.attractions　考查名詞復數(shù)。attraction意為“旅游勝地”,是可數(shù)名詞,且此處表示的是不止一處的景點,故填attractions。
58.a　考查冠詞。根據(jù)語境可知,此處指“去宇宙空間站成為很多人的一個夢想”,表示泛指,故填a。
59.had won　考查時態(tài)。文中講述的是發(fā)生在過去的事情,且根據(jù)時間狀語the year before可知,該動作發(fā)生在過去的過去,故用過去完成時。
60.Immediately　考查連詞。此處要用連詞連接兩個句子,Immediately在此處作連詞,意為“一……就,即刻”。
61.what　考查賓語從句。空處引導賓語從句,且從句中缺少賓語,故填what。
62.direction　考查名詞。根據(jù)空前的定冠詞“the”可知,空處應用名詞單數(shù)形式。
63.of　考查介詞。consist of意為“由……組成”,是固定搭配。
64.using　考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知,by后應用動詞-ing形式。
65.satisfied　考查形容詞。be satisfied with意為“對……滿意”,是固定用法。
第四部分　寫作(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)
第一節(jié)(滿分15分)
假如你是李華,隨著“祝融號”探測器(Zhurong rover)成功著陸火星,你校決定舉行關于火星的科技講座。請給你的朋友John寫一封英文郵件。內(nèi)容包括:
1.講座的時間和地點;
2.講座的目的和主要內(nèi)容;
3.發(fā)出邀請。
注意:
1.寫作詞數(shù)應為80左右;
2.開頭和結尾已給出,不計入總詞數(shù)。
Dear John,

　　Hope to see you on the big day.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua

　　One possible version:
Dear John,
As you know,China’s Zhurong rover successfully landed on Mars last week,which has inspired us students greatly.In order to meet our passion for Mars,our school has decided to hold a Sci-Tech lecture.
A famous astronomy professor from Peking University is to give us the lecture on exploring for signs of water and life on the mysterious red planet.The activity is scheduled in the school Lecture Hall from 9 to 11 next Sunday morning.If it interests you,come and join us.
Hope to see you on the big day.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二節(jié)(滿分25分)
閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構成一篇完整的短文。
It was the middle of the day with the bright sun,blue sky,green grass,and a soft breeze (微風).It was a great day to play outside and the best day of my life because I got a new ball and a new bike as my sixth birthday presents,and I was visiting my cousin,Kristy,at her house.
“Here I go!”shouted David while kicking my new ball.David lived next door and was older than me.I thought he was a wild child,but he was actually very kind.The ball went flying as if it were going to space.“That was high!”Kristy said in surprise and we went after the ball.We all had a great time.
Later we had supper and the food my aunt made was good.While Kristy was helping do the dishes,David and I ran outside to play.We started taking turns riding my bike.David suggested that we ride it to the forest.And I agreed.David and I got on the bike and David started riding fast.
As we rode through the forest,I felt the wind brushing my face.It felt so great and free.Suddenly the bike hit a fallen branch and we went flying off the bike.Lying on the ground,I felt dizzy (眩暈的).I checked myself for injuries and saw some but they didn’t upset me.
“David!”I shouted out anxiously.
“Hey,”said a voice.I turned my head and it was David,who was standing behind me,holding my broken bike.At the sight of my disabled bike,I was so sad that I couldn’t hold back my tears.It took David some time to calm me down.
注意:
續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150左右。
Paragraph 1:
When we realised it was time to walk home,we found ourselves lost.?

Paragraph 2:
It was completely dark when we saw fireworks (煙花) being set off in the distance.

1.閱讀文章,掌握主旨方向。

2.明確寫作思路,確定續(xù)寫內(nèi)容。

3.匯集故事線索,列出寫作要點。

4.優(yōu)化語言,完善續(xù)寫邏輯。
One possible version:
When we realised it was time to walk home,we found ourselves lost.It was getting darker and darker.I felt so scared that tears rolled down my face again.David tried to comfort me.He told me that he once made some marks on the trees in the forest,which might help us find the way home.Therefore,we made efforts to look for the marks but failed.Having walked anxiously for about an hour in the forest,we didn’t find our way out.
It was completely dark when we saw fireworks (煙花) being set off in the distance.We ran excitedly in that direction as fast as possible.Soon we found my aunt’s house,in front of which my cousin Kristy was holding some fireworks and lighting them.Seeing us back safe,Kristy cheerfully hugged us.She told us that when noticing we had been away for long,she was concerned about our safety.She set off fireworks to draw our attention and guide us.It was an unforgettable experience.
Without David’s comfort and Kristy’s fireworks,I would have lost in the forest forever.

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