Module 6 Unexplained Mysteries of the Natural World



一、課前基礎(chǔ)自查
(一)分類記單詞——省時(shí)高效
Ⅰ.閱讀單詞(知其意)
1．monster n．　　　　　 怪物
2．footprint n. 腳印；足跡
3．creature n. 動(dòng)物；生物
4．grey adj. 灰色的
5．claw n. 爪
6．nail n. (手、腳的)指甲；爪
7．journal n. 雜志；學(xué)報(bào)；期刊
8．sighting n. (珍奇動(dòng)物等的)目擊；發(fā)現(xiàn)
9．seal n. 海豹
10．volcanic adj. 火山的
11．myth n. 神話；神話故事_
12．evolve vi. 進(jìn)化；演變
13．border n. 邊境；國(guó)界
14．unpredictable adj. 變化莫測(cè)的
Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)單詞(寫其形)
1．a(chǎn)ttack vt.　　　　　　襲擊；攻擊
2．claim vt. 聲稱
3．surface n. 表面；水面
4．calm adj. 平靜的
5．sceptical adj. 懷疑的；不相信的
6．unlikely adj. 不可能的
7．cover vt. 占地(多大面積)
8．a(chǎn)dapt vi. 適應(yīng)；適合
9．disappear vi. 不見；消失
10．generous adj. 有雅量的；大方的；心地高尚的
11．reputation n. 名譽(yù)；名聲
12．extinct adj. 絕種的；消亡了的
13．fierce adj. 兇猛的；殘暴的
Ⅲ.拓展單詞(通其變)
1．frightening adj.嚇人的→frightened adj.害怕的→frighten vt.使害怕；使驚嚇→fright n．害怕
2．exist vi.存在→existence n．存在
3．mysterious adj.神秘的→mystery n．神秘之事；神秘
4．destruction n．毀壞→destroy v．毀壞；摧毀→destructive adj.毀滅性的；破壞性的
5．positive adj.正面的→negative adj.負(fù)面的
6．indicate vt.象征；暗示→indication n．象征；跡象
7．identity n．身份；特性→identify vt.確定；辨別→identification n．身份證明
8．fortune n．運(yùn)氣；命運(yùn)；財(cái)富→fortunate adj.幸運(yùn)的→fortunately adv.幸運(yùn)地
[語(yǔ)境活用]
1．To his fright,_the frightening scene frightened the other frightened children into crying.(frighten)
2．There exists an old hospital at the corner, but no one knows when it came into existence.(exist)
3．Some natural mysteries of the ancient times are still mysterious to people today.(mystery)
4．People destroy forests and rivers for their own benefit. Their destructive activities are likely to cause the destruction of the earth.(destroy)
5．Fortunately,_he came to the new island safely. It is also fortunate for him to make his fortune here.(fortune)
6．You don't need an identity,_and all you need is proper identification so that the guards can identify you. (identify)

(二)練中記短語(yǔ)——記牢用活
寫準(zhǔn)記牢
語(yǔ)境活用(選用左欄短語(yǔ)填空)
1.close_to　　接近；靠近
2．stick_out 伸出
3．be_sceptical_about 對(duì)……懷疑
4．be_related_to 與……有關(guān)
5．come_straight_to_the_point　談?wù)}；開門見山
6．cut_off 切斷；使隔絕
7．throw_light_on 幫助弄清楚；闡明某事；照亮
8．die_out 滅絕
9．go_for 選擇；喜歡
10．due_to 由于；因……造成
1.The rise in crime is likely to be_related_to an increase in unemployment.
2．I think I'll go_for the steak. What are you having?
3．There's no point in beating around the bush. Let's come_straight_to_the_point.
4．The restaurant's success was largely due_to its new manager.
5．With the living environment becoming worse and worse, many of the earth's species are dying_out.
6．I believe the teacher's explanation will throw_light_on this puzzling problem.
7．The village was cut_off from the outside world by heavy snow for a month.
8．Although Jack has made good preparations for the match, he is still sceptical_about his chance of winning.

(三)仿寫明句式——以用為本
教材原句
句式解讀
句式仿寫
1.He claims to have seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water.
他聲稱看見一個(gè)黑黑的、圓圓的動(dòng)物在水中快速游動(dòng)。
to have seen是動(dòng)詞不定式的完成式。
警方似乎已經(jīng)找到了他犯罪的新證據(jù)。
The police seem to_have_found_the_new_evidence of his crime.
2.They say that the low-temperature lake is unlikely to be able to support such large living creatures.
他們說，水溫這樣低的湖泊不可能生存有體形如此巨大的動(dòng)物。
be unlikely to do sth.“不可能做某事”。
由于離截止日期還有這么短的時(shí)間，約翰不太可能按時(shí)完成工作。
With such a short time left before the deadline, it is_unlikely_for_John_to_finish the job on time.
3.Other members of the royal family were allowed to wear dragon symbols, too, but with fewer claws and of a different colour.
也允許皇室的其他成員穿帶有龍標(biāo)志的袍子，但袍子上龍的爪子少了并且顏色也不同。
“be＋of＋名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示主語(yǔ)的類屬或?qū)傩浴?br /> 人們普遍認(rèn)為，學(xué)好英語(yǔ)對(duì)我們大家都有益處。
It is universally acknowledged that learning English well will be_of_great_benefit_to_us_all.

二、課堂重點(diǎn)深化

1．a(chǎn)ttack vt.襲擊；攻擊；抨擊；(疾病)侵襲n.攻擊；進(jìn)攻；抨擊；(病情)發(fā)作
　[自主體驗(yàn)]
單句語(yǔ)法填空
①The killer insisted that she was defending herself when attacked (attack).
②The enemy made an attack on the small town last night.
③Newspapers attacked the government for failing to cut taxes.
④The company has come under_fierce attack for its decision to close the factory.
　[系統(tǒng)歸納]
(1)attack sb. for (doing) sth. 由于(做)某事而抨擊某人
attack sb. with sth. 用某物攻擊某人
be attacked with a disease 患病
(2)make an attack on/upon ... 對(duì)……發(fā)動(dòng)進(jìn)攻
be/come under attack 受到攻擊；遭到襲擊
heart attack n. 心臟病發(fā)作
　[重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化]
佳句時(shí)時(shí)寫
⑤它幫助我們生存，讓我們有力量在受到攻擊或面對(duì)不公正的時(shí)候反擊或逃跑。
It helps us survive, giving us the strength to fight back or run away when_attacked_or_faced with_injustice.
2．exist vi.存在；生存；生活；繼續(xù)存在
　[自主體驗(yàn)]
單句語(yǔ)法填空
①No one knows when such a custom first came into existence (exist)．
②He finds it hard to exist on the money he's earning.
③There existed an obvious conflict between the accounts of the witnesses, so a judgment was not announced in court.
④It was said that this was the only copy of the book in existence.
　[系統(tǒng)歸納]
(1)exist in　　　　　　　　 存在于……之中
exist on ＝ live on 靠……生存；靠……生活
There exist(s) ... 有/存在……
(2)existence n. 存在；生存；生活
in existence 現(xiàn)存的；存在的
come into existence/being 產(chǎn)生；存在
(3)existing adj. 現(xiàn)存的；存在的
　[重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化]
佳句時(shí)時(shí)寫
⑤在我們學(xué)校，自行車的存放是一個(gè)長(zhǎng)久以來就存在的問題。
The_parking_place_for_bikes_was_an_existing_problem for a long time in our school.
3．calm adj.平靜的；鎮(zhèn)靜的；沉著的v.(使)平靜；(使)鎮(zhèn)定下來n.平靜；寧?kù)o
　[自主體驗(yàn)]
單句語(yǔ)法填空
①She was breathing deeply and tried to calm herself (she).
②The police found that it was difficult to calm down the angry crowd.
補(bǔ)全句子
③Faced with the crisis, the government stayed/kept/remained_calm and took timely measures.
面對(duì)危機(jī)，政府保持鎮(zhèn)靜，及時(shí)采取了措施。
　[系統(tǒng)歸納]
(1)calm oneself　　　　　 (使)自己平靜下來
calm (sb.) down (使某人)平靜下來，鎮(zhèn)靜下來
(2)keep/stay/remain calm 保持鎮(zhèn)定
　[重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化]
佳句時(shí)時(shí)寫
④在我看來，這么好的事情會(huì)讓你很容易平靜下來并且會(huì)給你繼續(xù)前進(jìn)的勇氣。
In my opinion, such wonderful things will_calm_you_down_easily_and give_you_the courage_to_move_on.

4．a(chǎn)dapt vi.適應(yīng)；適合；改編；改寫
　[自主體驗(yàn)]
單句語(yǔ)法填空
①All in all, I hope you can adapt yourself (you) to the new environment and we can become good friends.
②Adapted (adapt) from J．K. Rowling's book series of the same title, the “Harry Potter” movies are universally acknowledged as classics.
③(2015·浙江高考) Instead, we are diurnal creatures, with eyes adapted to living (live) in the sun's light.
④Mike, Mary and I had a discussion about the adaptation (adapt) of the classic literature yesterday.
　[系統(tǒng)歸納]
(1)adapt oneself to　　　 使自己適應(yīng)
adapt to 適應(yīng)；適合
adapt ...from ... 根據(jù)……改寫/改編……
adapt ...for ... 改(編)……為……之用
(2)adaptable adj. 能適應(yīng)的；可修改的
adaptation n. 適應(yīng)；改編；改寫本
　[重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化]
易錯(cuò)對(duì)對(duì)碰(adapt/adopt)
⑤The young couple had no children of their own and adopted an orphan. After a few months, the child came to adapt to his new life.
佳句時(shí)時(shí)寫
⑥(2018·北京高考書面表達(dá)) 參加一些漢語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)的在線課程可以幫助你適應(yīng)中國(guó)的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境。
Taking_some_online_courses_of_spoken_Chinese_can_be_helpful_for_you_to_adapt_yourself_to_the_Chinese_language_environment.
5．fortune n．運(yùn)氣；命運(yùn)；財(cái)富
　[自主體驗(yàn)]
單句語(yǔ)法填空
①M(fèi)y cousin was fortunate to_find (find) a job as soon as she graduated from the university.
②The war brought people nothing but misfortune (fortune) and disaster.
根據(jù)提示完成小片段
③In the 1980s, Li Hua went to the south to_try_his_fortune (碰運(yùn)氣). But he made_no_fortune (沒有發(fā)財(cái)). Fortunately (幸運(yùn)的是), he met with a boss who fed pigs. With his help, Li Hua made_his_fortune (發(fā)財(cái)) later by feeding pigs.
　[系統(tǒng)歸納]
(1)try one's fortune　　　　 碰運(yùn)氣
bring good fortune 帶來好運(yùn)
seek one's fortune 尋找出路；尋找發(fā)財(cái)?shù)臋C(jī)會(huì)
make a fortune 發(fā)財(cái)
(2)fortunate adj. 運(yùn)氣好的；幸運(yùn)的
fortunately adv. 幸運(yùn)地
unfortunately adv. 不幸地；遺憾地
misfortune n. 厄運(yùn)；不幸
　[重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化]
佳句時(shí)時(shí)寫
④幸運(yùn)的是，人們開始意識(shí)到這種形式是多么嚴(yán)重。
Fortunately,_people_are_beginning_to_realize_how_serious_this_situation_is._

1．die out滅絕；(習(xí)俗、習(xí)慣等)逐漸消失
　[系統(tǒng)歸納]
die away　　　　　 (聲音或感情等)慢慢變?nèi)?，逐漸消失
die down (風(fēng)或噪音等)漸弱；逐漸平息
die off (家族、種族等)相繼死亡
die of/from ... 死于……
be dying for 很想要；渴望
　[重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化]
選用上述短語(yǔ)填空
①M(fèi)any rare animals are dying_out. We must find ways to protect the environment.
②Although the wind now died_down completely, the air was still as cold as before.
③As the sound of the music_died_away,_the film came to an end.
④With more and more birds_dying_off,_some day some species will die out completely.
易錯(cuò)對(duì)對(duì)碰(die of/die from)
⑤His grandfather died_from the wound that the enemy soldier had given him, and then his grandmother died_of hunger.
佳句時(shí)時(shí)寫
⑥(2015·四川高考書面表達(dá))你提到你想要教英語(yǔ)作為回報(bào)，這正是我想要的。
You_mentioned_that_you_would_like_to_teach_English_in_return,_which_is_exactly_what_I_am_dying_for._
2．due to由于；因……造成；應(yīng)支付；歸因于
　[自主體驗(yàn)]
補(bǔ)全句子
①That money is_due_to_me,_but I haven't got it yet.
那筆錢是應(yīng)付給我的，而我至今還未拿到。
②The bus should have arrived at 5：00 pm, but it arrived one hour late due_to_the heavy_fog.
公共汽車本應(yīng)下午五點(diǎn)鐘到達(dá)的，但由于大霧它晚了一個(gè)小時(shí)。
　[系統(tǒng)歸納]
be due to do sth.　　 預(yù)計(jì)做某事；預(yù)定要做某事
be due to sth./sb. 歸因于某事/某人；應(yīng)付給某人……
be due for sth. 應(yīng)得到某物
　[重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化]
佳句時(shí)時(shí)寫
③眾所周知，由于全球變暖，全球水資源短缺(問題)正變得日益嚴(yán)重。
It is well-known that the global water shortage is_becoming_increasingly severe_due to_global_warming.
3．動(dòng)詞不定式的完成式
　[教材原句]　He claims to_have_seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water.
　[自主體驗(yàn)]
①In order not to_be_abandoned by the society, no matter who we are, we must relate to the call of the times.
為了不被社會(huì)拋棄，無論我們是誰(shuí)，我們都必須與時(shí)代的召喚聯(lián)系在一起。
②The boy pretended to_be_concentrating on his lesson, but in fact his mind was wandering.
那男孩假裝在專心聽講，但實(shí)際上他的腦子在走神。
③I'm terribly sorry to_have_put you through so much trouble.
我非常抱歉給你添了這么多麻煩。
　[歸納點(diǎn)撥]
(1)一般式“to do; to be done”表示不定式的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作同一時(shí)間發(fā)生或發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作后。
(2)進(jìn)行式“to be doing”表示不定式的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作同一時(shí)間發(fā)生，并且動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。
(3)完成式“to have done; to have been done”表示不定式的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作之前。
　[佳句背誦]
①(增分要點(diǎn)句)(2017·天津高考書面表達(dá)) I have successfully got admitted as a volunteer for the 13th National Games, which is scheduled to be held at the end of August in Tianjin.
②(增分要點(diǎn)句)I felt it an honour to have been invited to your birthday party last year.


本單元語(yǔ)篇話題與新課程主題語(yǔ)境“人與自然”中的“地球奧秘探索”子話題相對(duì)應(yīng)
一、話題語(yǔ)素積累多一點(diǎn)
話題詞匯記一記
子話題(一)　自然地貌
溫故淺易詞匯
①lake　?、趏cean　　③beach ④shore ⑤coast ⑥harbor
⑦island ⑧wave ⑨range
識(shí)記生疏詞匯
①stream n．溪流　?、趐ond n．池塘
③bay n. 海灣 ④port n. 港口
⑤strait n. 海峽 ⑥wetland n. 濕地；沼澤地
⑦cave n. 洞穴 ⑧continent n. 大陸，洲
⑨plain n. 平原 ⑩jungle n. 叢林，密林

子話題(二)　動(dòng)物保護(hù)
溫故淺易詞匯
①insect　②bee?、踒utterfly?、躭ack
⑤provide ⑥shark ⑦whale ⑧reserve
⑨attack ⑩feed ?raise ?protect
識(shí)記生疏詞匯
①sparrow n．麻雀　?、趇llegally adv.非法地
③eagle n．鷹 ④rooster n．公雞
⑤kangaroo n．袋鼠 ⑥zebra n．斑馬
⑦antelope n．羚羊 ⑧penguin n．企鵝
⑨endangered adj.瀕臨滅絕的 ⑩species n．物種
詞匯
?flock vi.聚集；成群而行　?survive v．幸存
?evolution n．演變；進(jìn)化論 ?wildlife n．野生動(dòng)植物
?ecology n．生態(tài)學(xué) ?habitat n．棲息地，產(chǎn)地

常用詞塊憶一憶
①be native to 原產(chǎn)于……　　
②take measures 采取措施
③dozens of 許多
④run after 追逐
⑤belong to 屬于
⑥be linked to 與……有聯(lián)系
⑦result in 導(dǎo)致
⑧be similar to 與……相似
⑨search for 尋找
⑩in danger 處于危險(xiǎn)中
?a great deal of 許多
?take place 發(fā)生
?a chain of 一串
?over the past several decades 在過去的幾十年里
寫作佳句背一背
①The Yeti is said to be a large, hairy animal that walks on two feet like a human being.
②In fact, so little do we know about the universe that we are not even aware how it came into being.
③We'll try to get as close as possible to the animals, even though they are dangerous, so that we can take some really good photographs.

二、“分步寫作”表達(dá)準(zhǔn)一點(diǎn)
話題應(yīng)用文分步寫作

假定你是李華，你的美國(guó)朋友Peter來信和你就野生動(dòng)物的保護(hù)展開討論。請(qǐng)你用英語(yǔ)寫一封回信，主要內(nèi)容包括：
1．野生動(dòng)物所處的現(xiàn)狀；
2．保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物面臨的困難；
3．你的想法。
注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；
2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；
3．開頭和結(jié)尾已經(jīng)給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。
Dear Peter,
I'm writing to discuss with you about wildlife protection. 　

　


I'm looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
　　　
第一步：句寫對(duì)——給詞寫句

in danger, on the edge of, extinction, take measures, carry out, lack, awareness, result in, illegally, provide, make laws, protect, make a difference　　
1．一些野生生物正處于危險(xiǎn)之中。
Some_wildlife_is_in_danger._
2．許多野生動(dòng)物瀕臨滅絕。
Many_wild_animals_are_on_the_edge_of_extinction._
3．采取措施幫助那些動(dòng)物是有必要的。
It's_necessary_to_take_measures_to_help_those_animals._
4．這些措施很難實(shí)施。
The_measures_are_difficult_to_carry_out._
5．許多人缺乏保護(hù)野生生物的意識(shí)。
Many_people_lack_the_awareness_of_wildlife_protection._
6．這導(dǎo)致了非法狩獵動(dòng)物。
It_results_in_hunting_the_animals_illegally._
7．很少有人愿意提供資金。
Few_people_are_willing_to_provide_money._
8．他們認(rèn)為這對(duì)他們來說是沒有用的。
They_think_it_is_of_no_use_to_them._
9．政府應(yīng)該制定更多的法律來保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物。
The_government_should_make_more_laws_to_protect_wildlife._
10．我們的學(xué)校應(yīng)該教學(xué)生注意野生生物保護(hù)。
Our_schools_should_teach_students_to_pay_attention_to_wildlife_protection.
11．我們應(yīng)該盡我們所能去產(chǎn)生影響。
We_should_do_whatever_we_can_to_make_a_difference.
12．我想知道你的觀點(diǎn)。
I_want_to_know_your_opinion._
第二步：量寫夠——語(yǔ)句擴(kuò)充
13．在第1句中加入修飾語(yǔ)“由于環(huán)境破壞”。
Some_wildlife_is_in_danger_due_to_environmental_destruction._
14．在第2句中加入修飾語(yǔ)“因?yàn)獒鳙C”。
Many_wild_animals_are_on_the_edge_of_extinction_because_of_hunting.
15．在第7句中加入修飾語(yǔ)“為動(dòng)物保護(hù)”。
Few_people_are_willing_to_provide_money_for_animal_protection._
16．在第11句中加入修飾語(yǔ)“在這個(gè)項(xiàng)目中”。
We_should_do_whatever_we_can_to_make_a_difference_in_the_project._
第三步：語(yǔ)寫美——詞句升格
1．把第13句和第14句合并成一個(gè)并列句。
Some_wildlife_is_in_danger_due_to_environmental_destruction_and_many_wild_animals_are_on_the_edge_of_extinction_because_of_hunting._
2．用though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句連接第3句和第4句。
Though_it's_necessary_to_take_measures_to_help_those_animals,_the_measures_are_difficult_to_carry_out._
3．用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)連接第5句和第6句。
Many_people_lack_the_awareness_of_wildlife_protection,_resulting_in_hunting_the_animals_illegally._
4．用as引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句連接第8句和第15句。
Few_people_are_willing_to_provide_money_for_animal_protection_as_they_think_it_is_of_no_use_to_them._
第四步：篇連順——銜接成文
用as we know， firstly， besides， in my opinion， last but not least， meanwhile等詞匯連句成文。
Dear Peter,
I'm writing to discuss with you about wildlife protection. As_we_know,_some_wildlife_is_in danger_due_to_environmental_destruction_and_many_wild_animals_are_on_the_edge_of_extinction_because_of_hunting._
Though_it's_necessary_to_take_measures_to_help_those_animals,_the_measures_are_difficult_to_carry_out._Firstly,_many_people_lack_the_awareness_of_wildlife_protection,_resulting_in_hunting_the_animals_illegally._Besides,_few_people_are_willing_to_provide_money_for_animal_protection_as_they_think_it_is_of_no_use_to_them._
In_my_opinion,_the_government_should_make_more_laws_to_protect_wildlife._Our_schools_should_teach_students_to_pay_attention_to_wildlife_protection._Last_but_not_least,_we_should_do_whatever_we_can_to_make_a_difference_in_the_project._Meanwhile,_I_want_to_know_your_opinion._
I'm looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua

Ⅰ.單詞拼寫
1．Jamie keeps having a positive (積極的) attitude and running after his goals.
2．An underground organisation has claimed (聲稱) responsibility for the bomb explosion.
3．The older a person is, the slower it will be for him to adapt (適應(yīng)) to changes.
4．It is important to keep calm (冷靜的) in an emergency.
5．He is a well-respected teacher and has won a good reputation (名聲) for all he has done for the kids.
6．Ms. Alice is considered a generous (心地高尚的) lady by us, for she often helps the poor people.
7．There is worldwide concern about the destruction (毀壞) of the rain forests.
8．She hid her thoughts behind a mysterious (神秘的) smile.
Ⅱ.語(yǔ)境語(yǔ)法填空
1．Why have so many species died ?out? Some scientists think it is ?related (relate) to climate change, while others are sceptical ?about it.Both sides still can't throw light ?on the real reason.We believe that with the development of science and technology, the real reason will come to light.
2．Although Wang Gang likes getting close ?to nature, he goes ?for working underground in a coal mine, which is almost cut ?off from the outside world.It is due ?to the fact that his family is very poor and that he is badly in need of money for his sick mother.
3．Research ?indicates (indicate) that some animals are ?dying (die) out.They go extinct partly because they can't adapt ?to the environment, partly due to human activities.As we all know, human activities destroy the habitats on ?which they exist in order to make a fortune.?Fortunately (fortune), people have realized the seriousness of the problem.Therefore it's time that we should work together to protect the animals.
Ⅲ.根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全句子/句型轉(zhuǎn)換
1．在炎熱的陽(yáng)光下工作了幾個(gè)小時(shí)后，這些人都渴望喝一杯冰鎮(zhèn)啤酒。(be dying for)
After hours of working in the hot sun, the men were_dying_for_a_cold_beer.
2．由于對(duì)酒后駕車的嚴(yán)格規(guī)定，交通事故的數(shù)量大大減少。(due to)
Due_to_the_strict_traffic_regulations on drunk driving, the number of traffic accidents has greatly decreased.
3．科學(xué)家們聲稱在攻克癌癥方面取得了重大突破。(動(dòng)詞不定式的完成式)
Scientists claimed to_have_made_a_major_breakthrough in the fight against cancer.
4．Whether wildlife can be well protected is very important.
→Whether wildlife can be well protected is of_great_importance.
5．If a nuclear war ever breaks out, it is unlikely that many people will survive.
→If a nuclear war ever breaks out, many people will be_unlikely_to_survive.
Ⅳ.短文填空
(Ⅰ)根據(jù)提示填空
Way back in 1674, a frog helped Antoni van Leeuwenhoek make an incredible ?discovery (discover). Antoni was an amateur ?_scientist (science) from Holland, so fascinated by microscopes that he'd built some of his own. One rainy day, as he ?went_for_a_walk (去散步), a leaping frog ?drew (draw) his attention to a puddle (水坑). Antoni collected a drop of puddle water and put it under his microscope. He was ?amazed (amaze) to see a whole community of creatures swimming in this one drop — tiny beings no one had ever seen before. These tiny beings, ?called (call) microbes (微生物), are everywhere: in dirt, in food and on your kitchen table. You even would find your body has more microbes than the world has people — over 6 billion！　Microbes can't ?survive(存活下來) on their own. They need food. After settling into a home — you, for instance — they steal vitamins and other nutrients and leave behind dead cells and ?poisonous_(poison) liquids called toxins. Some microbes can make you sick. People usually call these ones germs. ?Luckily (lucky) for you, there are more helpful (help) microbes, working together to keep you healthy, than bad ones.
(Ⅱ)片段選詞填空

People have reported seeing a wild ?man-like creature in the Himalayas. They call it Yeti. There are many ?witnesses all over the world. It is said that Yetis are heavily built and ?hairy. In 1998, an American mountain climber said that he saw a Yeti on the Chinese side of the Himalayas, which walked like a human with thick black ?fur,_huge shoulders, very long arms and large hands. In 1970, many footprints were ?discovered in the snow near Bossburg, Washington in the USA. Footprints are one of the few pieces of hard ?evidence supporting the ?existence of Yetis. However, scientists have different opinions about Yetis. Some scientists even think that these footprints could have been made by people playing a joke. Scientists hope that the ?mystery will be solved someday. If Yetis really exist, we might have the chance to see one with our own eyes.


一、復(fù)現(xiàn)單元考點(diǎn)——增強(qiáng)備考信心
Ⅰ.高考中的語(yǔ)法填空
1．(2018·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)It does point out that many parents still limit electronic reading, mainly due_to_concerns about increased screen time.
2．(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down.
3．(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)When a leafy plant is under attack, it doesn't sit quietly.
4．(2017·江蘇高考)So even if emissions were to begin to decrease today, we would still face the challenge of adapting to_climate change.
5．(2016·北京高考) It was a cold January in 1925 in Nome，Alaska. The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.
6．(2015·重慶高考) In a word, wild release makes it much more convenient for us to go for what books we like.
7．(2014·江蘇高考)Having a baby in her unmarried state would have brought shame on the family in China, so she probably kept my existence (exist) a secret.
Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空
(選用fortune, attack, misfortune, calm填空)
1．(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)He had the rare balance of fun and compassion (同情). He would laugh the loudest over fun and be the saddest over anyone's __46__.misfortune
2．(2016·10月浙江高考)Whatever money was left over would be his to keep. Gene was thrilled, thinking he would make his first__42__.fortune
3．(2013·陜西高考) Still shaky and unsure what to do next, my friends and I went to a table and sat there, trying our best to look __37__.calm
4．(2009·重慶高考)I seized this golden chance to__41__him.He reacted, trying to get rid of me, but I was already reproducing deep in his throat.attack
二、復(fù)現(xiàn)話題詞匯——提高閱讀準(zhǔn)度
新高考下的命題新視角：大自然是個(gè)神秘的殿堂，充滿著獨(dú)特的神秘感和無數(shù)的奧秘。它似乎如同神話故事一樣撲朔迷離，吸引著無數(shù)愛好者去探索、去求真。高考常以此話題進(jìn)行考查，旨在激發(fā)我們對(duì)大自然的興趣，引領(lǐng)我們對(duì)大自然的奧秘不斷探索，揭開大自然未知的秘密。
[話題感悟]
學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo) ——語(yǔ)篇復(fù)現(xiàn)詞匯，活學(xué)活用記憶更深
( 加藍(lán)詞匯為本單元話題詞匯，讀文時(shí)請(qǐng)揣摩其用法)
[1]How did the ancient Egyptians build the amazing pyramids near Cairo? No one can give a clear answer. But a new study suggests they used a little rock‘n’roll. Long-ago builders could have attached wooden poles to the stones and rolled then across the sand, the scientists say.
[2]“Technically, I think what they're proposing is possible，” physicist Daniel Bonn said.
[3]People have long puzzled over how the Egyptians moved such huge rocks.And there's no obvious answer. On average, each of the two million big stones weighed about as much as a large pickup truck.The Egyptians somehow moved the stone blocks to the pyramid site from about one kilometer away.
[4]The most popular view is that Egyptian workers slid the blocks along smooth paths.Many scientists suspect workers first would have put the blocks on sleds(滑板)．Then they would have dragged them along paths.To make the work easier, workers may have lubricated_the_paths either with wet clay or with the fat from cattle.Bonn has now tested this idea by building small sleds and dragging heavy objects over sand.
[5]Evidence from the sand supports this idea.Researchers found small amounts of fat, as well as a large amount of stone and the remains of paths.
[6]However, physicist Joseph West thinks there might have been a simpler way, who led the new study .West said, “I was inspired while watching a television program showing how sleds might have helped with pyramid construction.I thought, ‘Why don't they just try rolling the things？’” A square could be turned into a rough sort of wheel by attaching wooden poles to its sides, he realized.That, he notes, should make a block of stone “a lot easier to roll than a square”．
[7]So he tried it.
[8]He and his students tied some poles to each of four sides of a 30-kilogram stone block.That action turned the block into somewhat a wheel.Then they placed the block on the ground.
[9]They wrapped one end of a rope around the block and pulled.The researchers found they could easily roll the block along different kinds of paths.They calculated that rolling the block required about as much force as moving it along a slippery (滑的) path.
[10]West hasn't tested his idea on larger blocks, but he thinks rolling has clear advantages over sliding.At least，workers wouldn't have needed to carry cattle fat or water to smooth the paths.
語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文主要講述的是關(guān)于金字塔的建造，不同的專家有著不同的見解。這篇文章主要講述了兩種看法。
1．It's widely believed that the stone blocks were moved to the pyramid site by ________.
A．rolling them on roads
B．pushing them over the sand
C．sliding them on smooth paths
D．dragging them on some poles
解析：選C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段的“The most popular view is that Egyptian workers slid the blocks along smooth paths.”可知選C。
2．The underlined part “l(fā)ubricated the paths” in Paragraph 4 means________.
A．made the paths wet　　 B．made the paths hard
C．made the paths wide D．made the paths slippery
解析：選D　詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞所處句中的“To make the work easier”以及“either with wet clay or with the fat from cattle”可知，這樣做是為了讓路更加平滑，故選D。
3．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 7 refer to?
A．Rolling the blocks with poles attached.
B．Rolling the blocks on wooden wheels.
C．Rolling poles to move the blocks.
D．Rolling the blocks with fat.
解析：選A　 代詞指代題。由于是指代詞，可知內(nèi)容應(yīng)該在上文，根據(jù)第六段的內(nèi)容可知工人把木料綁在石塊上，然后滾動(dòng)石塊。
4．What is the text mainly about?
A．An experiment on ways of moving blocks to the pyramid site.
B．An application of the method of moving blocks to the pyramid site.
C．An argument about different methods of moving blocks to the pyramid site.
D．An introduction to a possible new way of moving blocks to the pyramid site.
解析：選D　 主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講述了一種新的把石塊移動(dòng)到金字塔地址的方法，故選D。

學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo) ——題后把脈規(guī)律，練后得法理解更透
詞義猜測(cè)技法(3)——把握代詞指代的兩大命題角度
代詞指代題考查考生依據(jù)語(yǔ)境邏輯推斷人稱代詞和指示代詞意義的能力。人稱代詞指代判斷題要求考生對(duì)it, they, them, he, she等人稱代詞的正確指代進(jìn)行判斷。指示代詞指代判斷題主要考查考生對(duì)this, these, that, those等指示代詞指代意義的判斷能力。認(rèn)真分析歷年高考試題不難發(fā)現(xiàn)代詞指代判斷題常出現(xiàn)在人物變換多、動(dòng)作轉(zhuǎn)換頻的語(yǔ)境中，如上面第3題。

Ⅰ.完形填空
Mary, 16, was suffering from cancer. As a father, Mitchell always stayed home to care for her. He said the __1__ left them financially worse off. Then a group called Growing Hope __2__ in withD|S1,800 to help with his living costs.
__3__， he wanted to pay it back. In his youth，he had been a __4__. So at age 40, Mitchell took up the __5__ again, participating in two fights in Fairfax. During this time, he __6__ his daughter. And for six months, he did little but mourn.
One day, Mitchell __7__ a Mark Twain quote — The two most important days in your life are the day you are born, and the day you __8__ why.“After I read that quote, I was going to spend the __9__ of my life helping kids with cancer and their families，” he said.
Mitchell thought of creating a foundation, yet boxing did not seem practical anymore for fundraising, due to his age. Then he found that __10__ could be a source to raise money. In the Corps Marathon, he cut a striking figure on the course. __11__ by this success, he set his sight higher. He __12__ each of the miles of the race to a different child with cancer, and he carried their __13__ with him. Years after his daughter's death, Mitchell now __14__ up in the morning knowing his __15__.
語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。Mitchell在女兒去世后受到馬克·吐溫名言的啟發(fā)，加入陸戰(zhàn)隊(duì)馬拉松，并把錢都捐獻(xiàn)給身患癌癥的孩子們，從而發(fā)現(xiàn)了自己在社會(huì)中的作用。
1．A.atmosphere　　　　　　 B．phenomenon
C．situation D．poverty
解析：選C　根據(jù)空前的“As a father, Mitchell always stayed home to care for her.”可知，因?yàn)镸ary患有癌癥，父親Mitchell要待在家里照顧女兒。這種情況(situation)使得家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況變得越來越糟糕，故選C項(xiàng)。
2．A.brought B．stepped
C．took D．broke
解析：選B　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和下文可知，后來，一個(gè)名為“Growing Hope”的組織伸出援手(step in)，給他了1 800美元的生活費(fèi)。
3．A.Grateful B．Hopeful
C．Sorrowful D．Helpful
解析：選A　根據(jù)空后的“he wanted to pay it back ”可知，Mitchell對(duì)這個(gè)組織是非常感激的(Grateful)。
4．A.runner B．singer
C．boxer D．fighter
解析：選C　根據(jù)下文第四段中的“boxing”一詞可知，Mitchell年輕時(shí)是一名拳擊手。故選C項(xiàng)。
5．A.helmets B．gloves
C．boxes D．sneakers
解析：選B　根據(jù)空后的“participating in two fights in Fairfax”可知，Mitchell又開始接受挑戰(zhàn)了。take up the gloves“接受挑戰(zhàn)”，符合語(yǔ)境。
6．A.cured B．a(chǎn)ccompanied
C．comforted D．lost
解析：選D　根據(jù)下一句中“he did little but mourn”以及文章最后“Years after his daughter's death”可知，這個(gè)時(shí)候，他失去(lost)了他的女兒。
7．A.came upon B．a(chǎn)greed to
C．looked at D．depended on
解析：選A　根據(jù)下文中的“After I read that quote”可知，Mitchell偶然(came upon)讀到馬克·吐溫的名言。
8．A.consider B．a(chǎn)sk
C．discover D．make
解析：選C　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，人生中另外一個(gè)重要的日子是你發(fā)現(xiàn)(discover)自己為何出生。
9．A.forces B．rest
C．energy D．resources
解析：選B　根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知，Mitchell在余下的(rest)日子里開始幫助那些患有癌癥的孩子。故選B項(xiàng)。
10．A.funds B．singing
C．running D．projects
解析：選C　根據(jù)空后的“In the Corps Marathon”可知，然后Mitchell發(fā)現(xiàn)可以通過跑步來籌錢。故選C項(xiàng)。
11．A.Depressed B．Moved
C．Shocked D．Inspired
解析：選D　在此次馬拉松比賽中，Mitchell在比賽場(chǎng)上嶄露頭角。在此成功的激勵(lì)(inspired)下，他把眼光放得更高，故選D項(xiàng)。
12．A.ran B．donated
C．competed D．conveyed
解析：選B　根據(jù)空后的“to a different child with cancer”可知，Mitchell把比賽的每一分錢都捐(donated)給了身患癌癥的孩子們。故選B項(xiàng)。
13．A.smiles B．parents
C．strengths D．pictures
解析：選D　Mitchell隨身帶著他們的照片(pictures)。故選D項(xiàng)。
14．A.stands B．goes
C．wakes D．climbs
解析：選C　根據(jù)空后的“in the morning”可推知，此處表示在早晨醒來的時(shí)候，故選C項(xiàng)。
15．A.time B．what
C．course D．why
解析：選D　根據(jù)上文中提到的馬克·吐溫的名言中的“why”可知，選D項(xiàng)。
Ⅱ.語(yǔ)法填空
(2019·石家莊模擬) Mike Taylor, a university student in the study of prehistoric life forms for his Ph.D., discovered a brand-new species of dinosaur, while __1__ (conduct) research at the Natural History Museum in the United Kingdom.This new species __2__ (identify) as part of the sauropod family of dinosaurs.The sauropods were four-legged, vegetarian dinosaurs, __3__ very long necks and tails, and relatively small skulls and brains.One of their most unusual __4__ (characteristic) was their nostrils, which were higher up in their head, almost near the eyes.So far, the sauropod bones __5__ (find) in every continent except Antarctica, and they are one of the longest living group of dinosaurs, spanning over 100 million years.This new species, __6__ (name) Xenoposeidon proneneukos, which means forward sloping, lived about 140 million years ago.
Mike Taylor, __7__ has spent five years studying sauropod vertebrae, __8__ (immediate) knew that this was the backbone of a sauropod. However, he had never seen one like this before. __9__ (far) research proved this was indeed a new kind of sauropod.The bone, which had been discovered in __10__ 1890's, had never been examined.
語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。邁克·泰勒偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種新的恐龍物種。經(jīng)研究證明，這是一種新的蜥腳類動(dòng)物。
1．conducting　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。該句主語(yǔ)“Mike Taylor”和動(dòng)詞“conduct”之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，且根據(jù)空前的“while”可知，該處表示動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生，故用conducting。該句也可以看成狀語(yǔ)從句的省略，省略了主語(yǔ)“Mike Taylor”和be動(dòng)詞“was”。
2．was identified　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。該句主語(yǔ)“This new species”和動(dòng)詞“identify”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；此處陳述的是過去發(fā)生的事情，故用一般過去時(shí)。
3．with　考查介詞。該蜥腳類動(dòng)物為四肢食草恐龍，它有著長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的脖子和尾巴，還有相對(duì)小的頭骨和大腦。with表示“具有，帶有”。
4．characteristics　考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。characteristic為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)該句中的“One of”可知，該處用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。
5．have been found　考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)以及主謂一致。根據(jù)該句中的“So far”可知，該句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；該句的主語(yǔ)“the sauropod bones”為復(fù)數(shù)形式，且和動(dòng)詞“find”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
6．named　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處作“This new species”的后置定語(yǔ)；主語(yǔ)“This new species”和動(dòng)詞“name”之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用named。
7．who　考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為“Mike Taylor”，指人且關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，故用who引導(dǎo)該定語(yǔ)從句。
8．immediately　考查副詞?？仗幮揎梽?dòng)詞“knew”，表示“立即，立刻”，故用immediate的副詞形式。
9．Further　考查形容詞比較級(jí)。進(jìn)一步的研究證明，這的確是一種新的蜥腳類動(dòng)物。根據(jù)句意可知，空處用比較級(jí)，表示“更進(jìn)一步的”。
10．the　考查冠詞。in the 1890's表示“在19世紀(jì)90年代”，故用定冠詞the。



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