2021高三統(tǒng)考北師大版英語一輪（經(jīng)典版）學案：第一編Book6Unit18Beauty-學案下載-教習網(wǎng)

Unit 18　Beauty

1.This summer I had a travel in a desert and I was_struck_by the beauty of it.
今年夏天我在沙漠里旅行，我被它的美麗所震撼。
2.Only_when everything is in harmony with its surroundings can it be called beauty.
只有當一切都與周圍的事物和諧相處時，它才能被稱為美。
3.Everything has its beauty, but not_everyone sees it.
一切事物都有它的美好，但不是所有人都能發(fā)現(xiàn)。
4.A beautiful person is not the one with a good look, but the one with a broad and kind heart.
一個美麗的人并不是擁有美好的外表，而是要擁有一顆寬廣而善良的心。
自主排查夯基固本

Ⅰ　核心單詞
(1)superior (adj.) 高級的，上等的→super (adj.) 超級的，頂好的
(2)adore (vt.) 敬愛；非常喜歡
(3)consistent (adj.) 一致的，始終如一的→consist (v.) 組成→consistency (n.) 連貫性，一致性→consistently (adv.) 一致地，始終如一地
(4)commitment (n.) 責任，義務；承諾→commit (v.) 犯(錯誤、罪行等)；做出承諾；答應→committee (n.) 委員會
(5)accompany (vt.) 伴隨，陪同→companion (n.) 同伴，伙伴
(6)range (n.) (數(shù)、量、年齡等的)變化范圍
(7)command (n.& v．) 命令，指揮→commander (n.) 指揮官
(8)accessible (adj.) 易懂的，容易理解的→access (n.) 進入，使用權
(9)deliver (vt.) 遞送，發(fā)表→delivery (n.) 遞送
(10)thrill (n.) 興奮；恐懼；激動 (v.) 使興奮→thrilling (adj.) 令人心情激動的；很驚險的→thrilled (adj.) 非常興奮的，極為激動的
(11)refresh (vt.) 消除……的疲勞，使振作精神→refreshing (adj.) 提神的，令人耳目一新的→refreshed (adj.) (感到)清爽的
(12)shabby (adj.) 低劣的；骯臟破爛的
(13)tendency (n.) 傾向，趨勢→tend (vi.) 趨向；易于 (vt.) 照料
(14)vain (adj.) 自負的；徒勞的
(15)abrupt (adj.) 突然的，出其不意的
(16)disturbing (adj.) 使人煩惱的→disturb (vt.) 打擾，妨礙
(17)endless (adj.) 沒完沒了的，永無休止的→end (n.) 結(jié)尾 (v.) 結(jié)束
(18)freezing (adj.) 嚴寒的，冰凍的→freeze (v.) (使)結(jié)冰→frozen (adj.) 凍結(jié)的
(19)bend (v.) 彎曲→bent (adj.) 彎曲的
(20)vague (adj.) 模糊的
(21)convey (vt.) 傳達，表達
(22)affection (n.) 愛慕，鐘愛→affect (vt.) 影響
(23)treat (vt.) 對待→treatment (n.) 治療；對待；處理
(24)manner (n.) 方式，方法
(25)strike (vt.) 打；打動 (n.) 罷工，打擊→striking (adj.) 引人注目的，突出的
(26)recommend (vt.) 推薦，介紹→recommendation (n.) 推薦，介紹
Ⅱ　閱讀單詞
(1)breathless (adj.) 喘不過氣來→breath (n.) 呼出的氣→breathe (v.) 呼吸
(2)vertical (adj.) 垂直的，豎的
(3)woollen (adj.) 羊毛制的→wool (n.) 羊毛
(4)slim (vi.) (通過節(jié)食、加強運動等)減肥 (adj.) 苗條的
(5)overweight (adj.) 過重的，超重的→weight (n.) 重量
(6)conscience (n.) 良心
(7)subjective (adj.) 主觀的
(8)tasteless (adj.) 沒有味道的→taste (n.) 味道 (v.) 品嘗
(9)skateboard (vi.) 用滑板滑行
(10)delicate (adj.) 精美的，微妙的
(11)polished (adj.) 優(yōu)雅的，精致的→polish (vt.) 擦亮；磨光；潤色
(12)harsh (adj.) 刺耳的，刺眼的；嚴厲的
(13)steady (adj.) 平穩(wěn)的；穩(wěn)定的
(14)romantic (adj.) 浪漫的→romance (n.) 傳奇，浪漫故事
(15)trap (vt.) 誘捕，使……陷入困境
(16)theme (n.) 主題
(17)evident (adj.) 明顯的，明白的→evidence (n.) 明顯；證據(jù)
(18)childish (adj.) 孩子氣的，幼稚的
　[單句語法填空]
1.—Is David a man with good ________ (manner)？
—I don't think so. As a matter of fact, he is anything but polite.
答案：manners
2.There is a ________ (disturb) anxiety among people that inflation will continuously increase.
答案：disturbing
3.If what you say is not ________ (consist) with what you do, it will have a bad effect on your children.
答案：consistent
4.On a ________ cold night, the little girl was ________ to death in a street corner.(freeze)
答案：freezing; frozen
5.Not only does vitamin C provide us with the ability to fight against disease, but it also helps us build up our body. So, it is on my list of ________ (recommend).
答案：recommendation
6.Many people, who are tired of the fast and competitive urban life, have a ________ (tend) to long for the old way of rural life.
答案：tendency
7.In the back of our classroom stand some bookshelves on which are various magazines and reference books, making reading materials more ________ (access) to the students.
答案：accessible
8.She was held in deep ________ (affect) by all her students.
答案：affection
9.He adores ________ (listen) to music after class.
答案：listening
10.As is often the case, the little boy has gone to school with his dog ________ (accompany) him.
答案：accompanying
聯(lián)想積累
前綴為re-的動詞
①reflect反射，反映
②reappear 再現(xiàn)
③rearrange重新整理
④rebound彈回
⑤rebuild重建
⑥r(nóng)ecall回想
⑦recount講述，敘述
⑧recover重新獲得
⑨redo再做
⑩reelect再次當選
?relive再次體驗
?remake評論
?remind提醒
?replace取代，代替
?rediscover重新發(fā)現(xiàn)
?review審查，評論
?refresh 消除……的疲勞，使振作精神
?remove 拿走，脫掉

1.die_out 完全消失，滅絕
2.to_be_honest 說實話
3.deal_with 處理，應付
4.be_trapped_in 被困在……當中
5.be_tired_of 對……厭倦
6.in preparation for 為……作準備
7.rely on 依靠，依賴
8.in an instant 立即，馬上；突然
9.hang on a second 稍等一下
10.bits and pieces (各種各樣的)零碎東西；邊角料
　[選詞填空]
die out， in preparation for， rely on， deal with， to be honest， be trapped in， hang on a second， in an instant， bits and pieces， be tired of
1.He is packing his bags ________ the journey.
答案：in preparation for
2.At present, some rare animals are in danger of ________.
答案：dying out
3.As a child, he never left his parents, so he didn't get used to ________ everything in school independently.
答案：dealing with
4.________， I don't think I was helping very much.
答案：To be honest
5.You may ________ it that Jennifer will come and help us if we are in trouble.
答案：rely on
6.He ________ the crashed car and couldn't move his legs.
答案：was trapped in
7.When the rain started, the crowd vanished ________.
答案：in an instant
8.I ________ watching television; let's go for a walk.
答案：am tired of
9.________—the phone is just ringing.
答案：Hang on a second
10.We have used up most of the cloth, and all we have left is a few ________.
答案：bits and pieces
聯(lián)想積累
“立刻，馬上”短語
①in an instant
②in no time
③as quickly as possible
④right now
⑤at once
⑥in a hurry/minute

課文原句
句式梳理
仿寫訓練
1.... so it is reasonable that our ideas of beauty change as well.
……因此我們對美的認識會變化也是理所當然的。(P34)
It is＋adj.＋that ... 句型， it作形式主語，that從句作真正的主語
______________________ he should do a thing like that.
他竟然那樣做事，真令人吃驚。
2.It takes more than a casual glance to appreciate and it is much more important than physical beauty.
它(內(nèi)在美)不是隨意一瞥就能欣賞得到的，也遠比外在美重要得多。(P34)
“more than＋名詞”表示“不僅僅，不只是”
The 21st Century is ________________________； it is also a helpful textbook to the students.
《二十一世紀英語報》不僅僅是一份報紙；對學生來說，它還是一本有用的教科書。

答案：1.It was surprising that　2.more than a newspaper
直擊重點突破考點

①　superior n. 上級，上司　adj. 更好的，更高的(P33)

(1)單句語法填空
①Helen was chosen for the job because she was far ________ (superior) to any other candidate.
②I prefer this book, which is superior ________ that.
③Yang was described by his ________ (superior) as hard－working and always in control of himself.
答案：①superior?、趖o　③superior(s)
(2)句型轉(zhuǎn)換
He is clearly better than all the other candidates.
＝He is clearly ______________ all the other candidates.
答案：superior to

(1)be superior to ... 優(yōu)于/高于……
(2)be inferior to 劣于，次于
be senior to 比……大/年長
be junior to 比……小/年幼
be prior to 在……之前

英語中像superior, inferior, senior 等本身就具有比較級的含義，故不可再用more來修飾。
②　adore vt. 熱愛，喜愛，愛慕(P33)

(1)單句語法填空
①I adore Zhou Qi ________ his playing well in the basketball game.
②The new mayor, who adored________ (go) to the volleyball match, didn't approve of discussing the new building plans at the meeting.
答案：①for　②going
(2)單句寫作
____________________ (我多么喜愛) those pretty houses on the slope!
答案：How I adore

adore sb. for sth.因某事而喜愛/愛慕某人
adore doing sth. 喜歡做某事

(1)adore屬于表示心理活動的結(jié)果或狀態(tài)的一類動詞，如love, like, prefer等，一般不用于進行時態(tài)。
(2)幾個表示“喜歡”的動詞的語氣強弱順序為：admire＞adore＞enjoy＞like。
③　consistent adj. 始終如一的；一致的(P34)

單句語法填空
①Success consists ________ the ability to continue struggling with failures.
②—Mike, the results are ________ (consist) with our earlier research.
—Fantastic! That's what we've been expecting.
③The medical team ________ (consist) of five experienced doctors and ten skilled nurses will be sent to the earthquake－h(huán)it area.
④She has played with great ________ (consistent) all season.
答案：①in　②consistent?、踓onsisting　④consistency

(1)be consistent with 和……一致/相符
be consistent in 在……方面一致
(2)consist v. 組成，構成
consist in＝lie in 存在于；在于
consist of＝be composed of＝be made up of 由……組成/構成
(3)consistency n. 連貫性，一致性
consistently adv. 一致地，始終如一地

consist of一般不用于進行時和被動語態(tài)。
④　commitment n. 責任，義務；承諾；許諾；獻身；投入；已承諾的事(與介詞to連用)(P34)

(1)單句語法填空
①Our country made a ________ (commit)to pay$50,000 to the Red Cross.
②Borrowers should think carefully before committing themselves to ________ (take) out a loan.
③The development area is ________ (commit) to creating a perfect investment environment.
答案：①commitment?、趖aking　③committed
(2)單句寫作
The schools that I visited in Nottingham are full of experienced staff ________________ the children a caring and inspiring learning environment.
我在諾丁漢市參觀的學校有富有經(jīng)驗的員工，他們致力于給孩子們營造一個充滿關愛和激勵的學習環(huán)境。
答案：committing to giving

(1)make a commitment to sb. 對某人作出承諾
make a commitment to do sth. 承諾做某事
(2)commit vt. 做出；犯；承諾，保證　vi. 忠于，全心全意投入
commit sb./oneself to (doing) sth. 使某人/自己承諾(做)某事；獻身于(做)某事
commit a crime/an error 犯罪/錯誤
commit to sb./sth. 全身心地投入到……中；忠于……
(3)committed adj. 堅定的，盡心盡力的
be committed to (doing) sth. 致力/獻身于(做)某事
(4)committee n. 委員會
⑤　accompany vt. 陪伴，陪同；為……伴奏；伴隨(P34)

(1)單句語法填空
①Children, when accompanied ________ their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.
②The singer was accompanied ________ the piano by her sister.
③As he was not allowed to accompany her ________ the shops, he wrote out a list of items for her.
答案：①by?、赼t/on　③to
(2)句型轉(zhuǎn)換
Daddy, I'll stay in to accompany Uncle Sam this evening.
＝Daddy, I'll stay in to ________ Uncle Sam ________ this evening.
答案：keep; company

(1)accompany sb. tosp. 陪某人到某地(to為介詞)
be accompanied by由……陪同/伴隨；帶有；相伴
accompany sb. on/at sth. 用某物給某人伴奏
(2)companyn.陪伴；公司
keep sb. company陪伴某人
in company with 與……一起
(3)companionn.同伴，伙伴

accompany一詞不存在accompany sb. to do sth.的搭配。
⑥　range n. (變動)范圍，幅度；類別；射程；山脈　v. (在一定范圍內(nèi))變化；變動；排列(P34)

(1)寫出下列句中range的詞性和漢語意思
①It's difficult to find a house in our price range.________
②We want to climb the great mountain range of the Alps. ________
③Their jobs widely range from government officials and athletes to drivers, teachers, artists and so on. ________
④These missiles have a range of 2,000 miles.________
⑤There is a full range of activities for children.________
答案：①n. 變化范圍　②n. 山脈?、踲. 變動　④n. 射程?、輓. 種類
(2)單句語法填空
①Classical music ranges ________ jazz ________ pieces for large orchestras.
②He can express ________ huge range of emotions without saying a word.
③The customer you are trying to reach is currently________ of range.
④The temperature ranges ________ 30 and 40 degrees centigrade in July in this city.
⑤The national park has a large collection of wildlife, ________ (range) from butterflies to elephants.
答案：①from; to　②a?、踥ut　④between?、輗anging

(1)in/within range of ... 在……范圍內(nèi)；在……可及的范圍內(nèi)
beyond/out of range of ... 超出……的范圍
a wide/full range of 一系列，各種
(2)range from ... to ... 從……到……變化
range between ... and ... 在……范圍內(nèi)變動
⑦　command n. [U]管轄，指揮，控制　[C]命令，指令；指揮部　v. 指揮；控制；命令，指示(P35)

(1)單句語法填空
①Besides, I have such ________ good command of English that I am elected as assistant to my English teacher.
②The boss commanded Henry ________ (finish) the important work on time.
③The general commanded that we ________ (attack) at once.
答案：①a?、趖o finish　③(should) attack
(2)單句寫作
①______________________ (精通) the language of the country where you are going to study is necessary.
②For the first time in years, she felt ________________ (控制) her life.
答案：①Having a good command of　②in command of

(1)in command of控制；指揮
take command of 擔任……的指揮，控制
have a good command of 精通；掌握
at sb.'s command 聽從某人支配
under sb.'s command 在……的指揮下
(2)command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事
command that ... (should) do 命令……做

command所接賓語從句的謂語動詞用“(should)＋動詞原形”，能這樣使用的動詞可用以下口訣來記憶：
一堅持：insist
二命令：order, command
三建議：advise, suggest, recommend
四要求：require, request, demand, desire
⑧　accessible adj. 可接近的，可進入的；容易理解的；可到達的(P36)

(1)單句語法填空
①He wants his music to be accessible ________ everyone.
②Postings on the Internet can be ________ (access) from anywhere in the world.
③All students have access ________ the Writing Centre on the upper floor of Douglas Hall.
答案：①to　②accessed?、踭o
(2)單句寫作
①He put the medicine in a top drawer to make sure it would not __________________ the kids.
他把藥放到最上面的抽屜里確保孩子們夠不到。
②We can ________________ various information we need through the Internet.
我們可以通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)獲取各種所需信息。
答案：①be accessible to　②get/gain access to

(1)be accessible to 容易接近的；可使用的
(2)have/get/gain/obtain access to 得以接近，有權進入/使用
(3)access vt. 存取，獲取(尤指計算機數(shù)據(jù))

access前通常不加冠詞，且與access和accessible連用構成的短語中的to是介詞。
⑨　deliver vt. 遞送，交付；發(fā)表(演講等)，宣布；助產(chǎn)；給……接生；產(chǎn)下，誕下　vi. 投遞；遞送；履行諾言(P36)

(1)寫出下列句中deliver的漢語意思
①In his victory speech delivered before a huge crowd of his supporters, Obama declared that “change has come to America”．________
②All these donations must be delivered immediately in order to be received in time for Christmas. ________
③The doctor delivered the woman of twin boys. ________
答案：①發(fā)表?、谶f送　③給……接生
(2)單句語法填空
①Every day the milkman delivers milk ________ our house.
②Her baby ________ (deliver) by her own doctor.
③“Deliver us ________ evil，” she prayed.
答案：①to　②was delivered?、踗rom

deliver sth. (to sb.) 投遞/傳送某物(給某人)
deliver a speech 發(fā)表演說
deliver ... over to sb. 把……移交給某人
be delivered of a baby＝give birth to a baby生孩子
deliver sb. from sth. 使……擺脫……
⑩　tendency n. 傾向，趨勢(P36)

單句語法填空
①It is reported that housing prices have a ________ (tend) to decrease in some cities.
②Ambulance crews were tending ________ the injured.
③Students in middle schools tend ________ passive resistance.
答案：①tendency?、趖o　③to/towards

(1)a tendency to/towards ... ……的傾向
have a tendency to do sth. 傾向于做某事
(2)tend vi.& vt. 傾向，趨于；照料
tend to do sth. 傾向于做某事，往往會做某事
tend to/towards sth. 傾向于某事
tend (to) sb./sth. 照管某人/物
?　convey vt. 運送，輸送；表達，傳達(P39)

(1)寫出下列句中convey 的漢語意思
①Understanding your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions. ________
②The message conveyed here is clear：“Actions speak louder than words.”________
③People are conveyed like robots along walkways.________
答案：①表達　②傳達?、圯斔?br /> (2)單句語法填空
①Please convey my best wishes ________ her.
②Your baggage will be conveyed by helicopter ________ the airport ________ your hotel.
答案：①to　②from; to

convey one's feelings/emotions/meanings/best wishes ... 表達某人的感受/情感/意思/最美好的祝愿……
convey sth.to sb. 向某人表達/傳遞某事
convey sb./sth. from A to B 把某人或某物從A地運送到B地
?　treat n. [C] 款待，請客；樂事，樂趣　vt. 對待；處理；款待；探討，論述；看待，把……看作；治療(P40)

(1)單句語法填空
They have to pay more for education and medical ________ (treat).
答案：treatment
(2)單句寫作
①Young people should always ________________ (對待老人) with respect.
②There are some health problems that, when not ________________ (及時治療), can become bigger ones later on.
答案：①treat the old?、趖reated in time

(1)treat sb. well/badly 善待/虐待某人
treat sb./sth. as/like ... 將……視為/看作……
treat ... with 用……治療/處理
treat sb. for ... with ... 用……為……治療……
treat sb./oneself to款待/請某人/自己
(2)treat n. 樂事；樂趣；款待
be one's treat 由(該)某人請客
(3)treatment n. 治療；對待；處理

?　strike (struck, struck) vt.& vi. 打，擊中；時鐘報時；使碰撞；突然想到；劃火柴；突然襲擊　n. 襲擊；罷工(P40)

(1)單句語法填空
①Just before September, Miller ________ (strike) by a car and lost his right arm.
②While the others were trying hard to come up with a possible solution to the tough problem, I struck ________ a brilliant idea.
③A severe typhoon ________ (strike) this area, making the suspension (暫停) of the train services, which are now back to normal.
答案：①was struck?、趏n/upon　③struck
(2)單句寫作
Just as the others don't know what to do next, ____________________ the way we can improve the situation.
當其他人不知道下一步該做什么的時候，我突然想到我們改善這種狀況的辦法。
答案：it suddenly struck me

(1) strike on/upon (突然/意外地)發(fā)現(xiàn)，想出
be struck by sb./sth. 被某人/某物打動/擊中
It strikes/hits/occurs to sb. that ... 某人突然想起……
(2)be/go on strike 在/舉行罷工
?　recommend vt. 推薦；建議，勸告；介紹(P40)

單句語法填空
①I would recommend an exchange program ________ anyone who wants to experience foreign cultures and gain meaningful friendships.
②Experts recommend that people ________ (practice) the 20/20/20 rule: every 20 minutes, take a 20－second break and look at something 20 feet away.
③I'll be glad if you can consider my ________ (recommend).
答案：①to?、趐ractice　③recommendation

(1)recommend sth. to sb. 向某人推薦某物
recommend sth. for 推薦某物作某種用途
recommend sb. as ... 推薦某人做某職務
recommend that sb. (should) do sth. ＝recommend
(one's) doing sth. ＝recommend sb. to do sth. 建議某人做某事
It's recommended that ... (should) do 建議做……
(2)recommendation n. 推薦；建議

recommend后跟賓語從句時，從句的謂語動詞用虛擬語氣，即“should＋動詞原形”，should可以省略。

①　die out完全消失，滅絕，熄滅(P34)

單句寫作
①The practice of children working in factories has nearly __________________.
工廠中雇用童工的做法已幾乎絕跡。
②She waited until the footsteps had ________________.
她一直等到腳步聲漸漸消失。
③When his excitement had __________________ he began to think deeply.
興奮過后他開始深思。
④The bamboo forest burst into bloom and then ________________.
竹林突然開花，然后相繼死去。
答案：①died out?、赿ied away　③died down?、躣ied off

die away逐漸停止，(聲、風、光)逐漸消失
die down 減弱，平息
die off 相繼死去
②　to be honest 說實在的，說實話(P37)

(1)單句語法填空
①________be exact, other people can extend our intelligence and help us understand and adjust our emotions.
②Generally ________ (speak), I don't like spicy food.
答案：①To　②speaking
(2)句型轉(zhuǎn)換
To be honest, I don't want to get a job where I'm chained to a desk all day.
＝__________________， I don't want to get a job where I'm chained to a desk all day.
答案：To tell you the truth

(1)to tell (you) the truth 說實話
honestly speaking＝to be honest 說實在的，說實話
(2)to be frank 坦率地說
to be sure 確定地說；固然
to be exact 確切地說
(3)generally speaking 總的來說
strictly speaking 嚴格地說
frankly speaking 坦率地說
exactly speaking 確切地說
③　deal with 處理，對付；涉及；與……做生意；與……打交道(P40)

單句寫作
①There is no doubt that international cooperation is the key to ______________ (處理) cyber crime.
②In many people's opinion, that company, though small, is pleasant to ______________ (做生意).
答案：①dealing with　②deal with

(1)deal in 經(jīng)營，買賣
deal with sb./sth.處理；對待；關于；涉及；(與個人或公司)做生意
deal with與do with都可以作“處理”講，但不同之處在于do with與what連用，而deal with與how連用。
(2)a great/good deal 許多
make a deal with 與……做成一筆交易；與……達成協(xié)議
make a deal 達成協(xié)議，做成交易
That's/It's a deal. 這么辦，一言為定。

①　[教材原句]In 19th－century Europe, women used to wear corsets to achieve a body shape that is no longer considered healthy. Men would wear woollen shawls across their shoulders.
19世紀的歐洲，婦女們穿著緊身胸衣以達到一種今天已經(jīng)不再被認為是健康的體形，男人們喜歡在肩膀上圍上羊毛披肩。(P34)

(1)句型轉(zhuǎn)換
①We used to go swimming in summer. (變?yōu)榉穸ň?
＝We __________________ swimming in summer.
②My sister used to be shy when she was at school. (變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧?
＝____________________________ shy when she was at school？
答案：①didn't use to go?、贒id your sister use to be
(2)單句寫作
①My daughter ________________， but now she likes fruit.
我女兒過去喜歡巧克力，但現(xiàn)在喜歡水果。
②When she was sad, ________________， doing nothing.
當她傷心的時候，她總是坐在那面鏡子前，什么也不做。
③When he was young, ________________， just as he does now.
他年輕的時候，總在星期天睡懶覺，就像現(xiàn)在一樣。
④When we worked in the same office, ________________.
我們過去在同一間辦公室工作的時候，經(jīng)常一起喝咖啡。
答案：①used to like chocolates?、趕he would sit in front of that mirror　③he would sleep late on Sundays?、躻e would often have coffee together

②　[教材原句]Nowadays, in the Western world, one in every ten people has a tattoo or a form of body art.
現(xiàn)在，西方國家每十個人中就有一個人有文身或一種人體藝術形式。(P34)

(1)單句語法填空
①Jane's grandmother had wanted to write a children's book for many years, but one thing or another always got in ________ way.
②________ more learned a man is, ________ more modest he usually becomes.
③Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very likely to be ________ Beethoven.
④________ one－year－old child was reported to have been left alone for over two days.
⑤—How do you like________movie？
—It is not a little interesting.
答案：①the?、赥he; the　③a?、蹵　⑤the
(2)單句改錯
①There is other way of looking at the question.
______________________________________________________________
②The old couple had two sons. One son went to live in Australia and other one was killed in a car crash.
______________________________________________________________
③She ate small quantity of rice so that she could slim.
______________________________________________________________
答案：①other→another?、趏ther前加the?、踫mall前加a或quantity→quantities

③　[教材原句]In other cultures, looking thin for a husband－to－be is not what a woman desires at all—rather, looking a little overweight is considered more attractive.
而在其他文化中，女人根本不想在未來丈夫眼中顯得苗條，而身材略微豐滿才被認為更加迷人。(P34)

單句寫作
①The question is ______________________.
問題是他接下來想干什么。
②My topic today is ____________________.
我今天的話題就是大多數(shù)科學家正在研究的課題。
③________________ is of great importance.
他告訴我們的至關重要。
④The question ________________ has been puzzling me.
是什么使情況更糟的問題一直在困擾著我。
⑤The manager told us that he wanted to take back __________________.
經(jīng)理告訴我們他想收回他說過的話。
答案：①what he wants to do next　②what most scientists are researching?、踂hat he told us　④what makes the matter worse?、輜hat he had said

(1)what a woman desires at all 為what 引導的表語從句， what在表語從句中作動詞desire 的賓語。
(2)what 引導名詞性從句的時候，在從句中充當主語、賓語或者表語，并且本身有語意。
(3) that 引導名詞性從句的時候，本身沒有語意，也不作成分，引導賓語從句的時候可以省略，但是引導主語從句、表語從句以及同位語從句的時候一般不能省略。
④　[教材原句]So do I ...
我也一樣……(P37)

單句語法填空
①When we begin conversations with new people, we want to feel comfortable, and so ________ they.
②As the number of people driving past dropped, so ________ their incomes.
③In short, I did not take my decision to apply for the Lighthouse Project lightly. ________ did my family.
答案：①do　②did?、跱either/Nor

(1)“so＋be動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞＋主語”結(jié)構表示“某人或某物情況也是如此”。
(2)So it is with ... /It is the same with ... 表示前面描述的兩種不同情況也適用于后者。
(3)表示“某人或某物情況也不這樣”時用“neither/nor＋系動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞＋主語”結(jié)構。

“so＋主語＋系動詞be/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞”結(jié)構表示對之前或?qū)Ψ剿f情況的贊同或證實，意為“某人/某物確實如此”。
⑤　[教材原句]Eyes raised, I see the moon so bright; Head bent, in homesickness I am drowned.
舉頭望明月，低頭思故鄉(xiāng)。(P38)

單句語法填空
①The test ________ (finish), we began our holiday.
②He was listening attentively in class, his eyes ________ (fix) on the blackboard.
③Weather ________ (permit), we are going to visit you tomorrow.
④So many windows ________ (clean), I have to devote the whole afternoon.
答案：①finished　②fixed?、踦ermitting　④to clean

此句中，eyes raised與head bent為獨立主格結(jié)構，其構成為“名詞/代詞＋過去分詞”，在句中作狀語。
獨立主格結(jié)構的應用：獨立主格結(jié)構的邏輯主語與句子主語不同，獨立存在；在句中作狀語，表示時間、原因、條件或伴隨情況。其構成是：
＋

在獨立主格結(jié)構中，當名詞或代詞后接現(xiàn)在分詞時，二者構成主動關系；后接過去分詞時，二者構成被動關系；后接不定式表示動作沒有發(fā)生或?qū)⒁l(fā)生。
課文回練升華運用
根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
What is Beauty？
As Margaret once said in the 19th century, there was no __1__ (consist) view on beauty. Standards and ideas of beauty change across time.
Nowadays, some costumes and actions once regarded as beauty in 19th century Europe are not considered healthy or __2__ (attract), while something now regarded as fashion had different functions in the past.
In contemporary society, culture still __3__ (determination) our ideas of beauty. In some countries, people like being thinner, while in other cultures, people like being a little overweight.
There are no precise __4__ (criterion) to judge __5__ is beauty. If beauty were limited by some criteria, the human race would soon die __6__.
There is __7__ (physics) beauty as well as inner beauty. The latter is found in a wide range of personal __8__ (quality). It is inner beauty __9__ requires us to truly see. Beauty is __10__ (certain) in the eye of the beholder.
1.________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________　6.________　7.________　8.________　9.________　10.________
答案：1.consistent　2.attractive　3.determines　4.criteria　5.what　6.out　7.physical　8.qualities　9.that　10.certainly
基礎達標自主訓練
Ⅰ.單句語法填空
1.________ is evident that there will be some job losses.
答案：It　此處it為形式主語，真正的主語為that引導的從句。
2.—Did you stay at the party until the very end last night？
—No, I left as early as it was consistent ________ politeness.
答案：with　 be consistent with sth.“與某物相一致”。句意：——昨晚你一直待到派對結(jié)束嗎？——不，我在不失禮的情況下提前離開了。即待在派對中的時間與禮節(jié)中的停留時間保持一致。
3.It's simply ________ (child) to refuse to talk to her.
答案：childish　由句意并結(jié)合設空前的be動詞可知，此處用形容詞childish “幼稚的”。句意：拒絕和她談話簡直太幼稚。
4.It is my belief that good ________ (manner) are very important to everybody.
答案：manners　由設空前的good及設空后的are可知，此處需用復數(shù)名詞，good manners “禮貌”，為固定短語。
5.The news of the earthquake had hardly spread when a large quantity of relief supplies ________ (deliver) to the disaster－stricken area.
答案：were delivered　從句主語relief supplies與deliver之間為被動關系，謂語與quantity修飾的supplies的數(shù)保持一致，用復數(shù)形式，所以填were delivered。
6.________ (trap) in the forest for two days, they were desperate for help.
答案：Trapped　be trapped in “被困在……當中”，trap與其邏輯主語they之間為被動關系，故用trapped作狀語。
7.He founded the organization with the goal of making art more accessible ________ underprivileged kids.
答案：to　be accessible to “容易獲得的”，為固定搭配。
8.Listen carefully to make sure you understand and learn the information that ________ (convey).
答案：is being conveyed　由句意可知，此處指“正在被傳達的”，that引導的定語從句，修飾先行詞information, convey與information之間為被動關系，故用is being conveyed。
9.As the clock ________ (strike) nine, players took up their positions and the match began.
答案：struck　由主句中的took up可知，該句用一般過去時，故填struck。
10.Nobody believed his reason for being absent from class ________ he had to meet his uncle at the airport.
答案：that　reason后面有for引導的短語，接著后面是that引導的同位語從句來說明reason的具體內(nèi)容。
Ⅱ.單句寫作
1.It was not until fish ________ (滅絕) that the villagers realized the importance of protecting the river.
答案：died out
2.This watch ____________ (比……好) all the other watches on the market.
答案：is superior to
3.I enjoy watching films and ____________________.
我喜歡看電影，我的朋友湯姆也一樣。
答案：so does my friend Tom
4.__________________ I should treat myself to a dinner after such an exhausting examination.
我突然想到在經(jīng)過了一場令人精疲力竭的考試之后，我應該犒勞自己一頓晚餐。(strike)
答案：It struck me that
5.______________________________________________________________
道路被雪封住了，我們決定在家里度假。(獨立主格結(jié)構)
答案：The road blocked with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.
Ⅲ.語法填空
(2020·河南省高三階段性考試(三))It has been __1__ (exact) one year since I returned from Senegal. Volunteering has helped me understand __2__ is important to me and how to live a happy life.
In the past, I __3__ (follow) the common path：from school to university. It's not that I didn't enjoy these experiences, but that I had been led down that path by the expectations from my parents and teachers rather than my own ambitions. Therefore, after __4__ (graduate) from university, I decided to achieve something more __5__ (benefit), something that would help the wider community.
__6__ (apply) for International Citizen Service, then I went to Kaolack, Senegal with Y Care International, where I worked __7__ a member of a team of UK and Senegalese volunteers helping improve the lives of the local young people. I spent time working on the Act 2 Live Project and assisting all kinds of similar __8__ (organize) in their work to improve the lives of the poor. By far, the most rewarding aspect of my volunteering was supporting the amazing people of Kaolack.
Working on __9__ wide variety of tasks and living in a different culture have a positive effect on my development. Thanks to volunteering, I was able __10__ (find) confidence as a young adult, learn new skills and enrich my life.
1.________　2.________　3.________　4.________
5.________　6.________　7.________　8.________
9.________　10.________
篇章導讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了作者做志愿者的原因以及做志愿者對作者的益處。
1.exactly　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處用副詞exactly修飾動詞“has been”。
2.what　考查名詞性從句。what在此處引導賓語從句，并且在從句中作主語。
3.followed　考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)上文中的短語“In the past”可知，本句描述的是過去的事情，故用一般過去時。
4.graduating　考查非謂語動詞。此處“after”是介詞，故后面接動名詞形式。
5.beneficial　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。本空與“more”構成形容詞比較級，并且作不定代詞something的后置定語，故用benefit的形容詞形式beneficial。
6.Having applied　考查非謂語動詞。根據(jù)本句中的邏輯主語“I”與“apply”是主謂關系，而且表示的動作早于謂語動詞發(fā)生可知，此處應該用apply現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式作狀語，故此處填入Having applied。
7.as　考查介詞。work as表示“從事……工作”。
8.organizations　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換和名詞復數(shù)。由關鍵詞“all kinds of”和“their”可知，本空應填入organize的名詞復數(shù)形式organizations。
9.a　考查冠詞。a wide variety of意為“多種多樣的”。
10.to find　考查非謂語動詞。be able to do sth.意為“能夠做某事”。
Ⅳ.短文改錯
(2018·全國卷Ⅰ)During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I find a change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. They also had a small pond which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. I felt happily that their life had improved. At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, but he agreed.
答案：
During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I a change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and animals. Last winter when I went again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of . They also had a small pond \ they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by the fish. I felt that their life had improved. At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, he agreed.
難項分析：
第一處：countryside前加the　考查冠詞。去年寒假，“我”和父親去鄉(xiāng)下拜訪爺爺奶奶。此處特指去的是鄉(xiāng)下，故加定冠詞the。
第三處：another→other　考查不定代詞。他們住在一個小房子里，院子里有狗、鴨子和其他牲畜。根據(jù)句意可知，將another改成other。
第六處：which前加in或which→where　考查定語從句的引導詞。他們還有一個小池塘，里面養(yǎng)著魚。此處a small pond是先行詞，且關系詞在后面的定語從句中作地點狀語，故用in which或where。