TOC \ "1-3" \h \z \u \l "_Tc148898652" 題型綜述2
\l "_Tc148898652" 解題攻略2
\l "_Tc148898657" 高考練場(chǎng)19
\l "_Tc148898657" 變式演練2 PAGEREF _Tc148898657 \h 1
上海高考英語(yǔ)漢譯英,要求考生把中文的句子根據(jù)題目所給的提示詞,通順地翻譯成符合英語(yǔ)表達(dá)習(xí)慣的句子。它不僅對(duì)學(xué)生的英語(yǔ)詞匯和常見(jiàn)表達(dá)等有比較高的要求,同時(shí)考查了學(xué)生對(duì)英語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、名詞的數(shù)、冠詞、副詞和形容詞等的理解和應(yīng)用能力,并且進(jìn)一步對(duì)詞組、句型和句子結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了全面綜合考查。因此在解題的過(guò)程中,可以按照下面要點(diǎn)解題。
(1)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)、尋找合適的句型
中文必須仔細(xì)讀,一定要看的就是題目給我們的關(guān)鍵字。一般來(lái)說(shuō),中譯英的句型可分為三大類(lèi):1.簡(jiǎn)單句;2.并列句;3.復(fù)合句;同時(shí)我們也要注意非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞及其他一些特殊結(jié)構(gòu)?;仡櫧鼛啄甑母呖荚囶}時(shí),也不難發(fā)現(xiàn)試題中考了一些特殊句式。如:it句型、倒裝句、with結(jié)構(gòu)。
(2)明確考核要點(diǎn)、選擇詞語(yǔ)搭配
在高考翻譯題中,我們也不難發(fā)現(xiàn),每一句常含有二、三個(gè)詞語(yǔ)搭配,翻譯時(shí)稍不注意就會(huì)失分。因此,在做每一道中譯英題時(shí),首先要確定句中幾組(個(gè))動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞詞組,然后選定恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~語(yǔ)以及相應(yīng)的搭配,尤其要注意括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞語(yǔ)的準(zhǔn)確運(yùn)用。
(3)確定時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)、注意前后呼應(yīng)
時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)一直是英語(yǔ)考試中考查的重點(diǎn)。正確的思路應(yīng)該是首先瀏覽全句中文,要能夠做到根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)和字里行間所給出的提示來(lái)定位一個(gè)基本時(shí)態(tài),即主句的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài),而其他動(dòng)詞必須與之呼應(yīng)。
(4)了解文化差異、避免中式英語(yǔ)
注重中英文表述習(xí)慣的不同之處,克服母語(yǔ)造成的潛在障礙,翻譯時(shí),切忌將兩種語(yǔ)言對(duì)等地進(jìn)行交換,尤其是對(duì)成語(yǔ)、俗語(yǔ)的翻譯,否則就貽笑大方了。成語(yǔ)如:固執(zhí)己見(jiàn)、引人入勝、愛(ài)不釋手、鼎力相助、三言?xún)烧Z(yǔ)等。

審題——讀全中文,看清所給詞。
翻譯——找準(zhǔn)主干,選對(duì)句型(避免中文式英語(yǔ)),注意靈活意譯。
檢查——檢查單詞的拼寫(xiě)、大小寫(xiě)和標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào);名詞的單復(fù)數(shù);動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致;句子的完整性。
上海高考中譯英策略漫談
一)、確立主干及句子類(lèi)型
正確分析英語(yǔ)句子結(jié)構(gòu)是翻譯的基礎(chǔ)。常見(jiàn)的基本句型有下面三種
簡(jiǎn)單句: 只包含一個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)的句子
并列句: 包含兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上主謂結(jié)構(gòu)的句子,句與句之間通常用連詞或分號(hào)來(lái)連接
主從句: 包含一個(gè)主句和一個(gè)或幾個(gè)從句的句子,從句必須由從屬連詞引導(dǎo)
(2025年金山一模)
52. 國(guó)產(chǎn)品牌正在不遺余力地爭(zhēng)取更大的市場(chǎng)份額。(share)
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【答案】Dmestic brands are sparing n effrts t gain a larger market share.
【解析】
【詳解】考查考查簡(jiǎn)單句及名詞短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)和時(shí)態(tài)。本句為簡(jiǎn)單句,只包含一個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)句意以及句子的提示詞可知,表示“國(guó)產(chǎn)品牌”應(yīng)為名詞短語(yǔ)Dmestic brands;表示“不遺余力做某事”應(yīng)為動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)spare n effrts t d;表示“爭(zhēng)取更大的市場(chǎng)份額”應(yīng)為動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)gain a larger market share;結(jié)合句意可知,該句應(yīng)為陳述正在發(fā)生的事情,為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。故翻譯為:Dmestic brands are sparing n effrts t gain a larger market share.
(2025年松江一模)
55. 這位工匠在筷子制作方面的貢獻(xiàn)無(wú)人能及,這項(xiàng)榮譽(yù)非他莫屬。 (deserve) (漢譯英)
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【答案】The craftsman has made a far greater cntributin t chpstick making than thers, and nbdy but he deserves the hnr.
【解析】
【詳解】考查并列句及比較級(jí)。“工匠”可表示為craftsman;“在……方面的貢獻(xiàn)無(wú)人能及”表達(dá)的是“在……上做出了比別人更高的貢獻(xiàn)”,應(yīng)用比較級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu),make a cntributin t...意為“對(duì)……做出貢獻(xiàn)”,表示比較時(shí)應(yīng)在cntributin前加greater,用表示程度的far修飾greater,用than引出比較對(duì)象thers,這里表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí);“筷子制作”可表示為chpstick making;“這項(xiàng)榮譽(yù)非他莫屬”可表示為nbdy but he deserves the hnr,陳述的是現(xiàn)實(shí),應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。前后句之間表示并列,應(yīng)用and連接并列句。故本句可翻譯為:The craftsman has made a far greater cntributin t chpstick making than thers, and nbdy but he deserves the hnr.
(2025年長(zhǎng)寧一模)
53. 無(wú)論你下月是否離職,做好手頭的工作非常重要,這是你人品的體現(xiàn)。(essential)
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【答案】Whether yu (will) quit/resign next mnth r nt, it's essential t d well in the wrk at hand, as it reflects yur character.
【解析】
【詳解】考查從句和時(shí)態(tài)?!盁o(wú)論……是否”為Whethe nt,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。從句用一般將來(lái)時(shí),也可用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)?!半x職”為 quit/resign ?!白觥?非常重要”為 it's essential t d sth,“做好手頭的工作”為d well in the wrk at hand;“這是你人品的體現(xiàn)”處理成as引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句。陳述客觀(guān)事實(shí),為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。所以翻譯為:as it reflects yur character。故翻譯為:Whether yu (will) quit/resign next mnth r nt, it's essential t d well in the wrk at hand, as it reflects yur character.
(2025年奉賢一模)
54. 雖然這部經(jīng)典老片在1998年首映,但當(dāng)它本月重新上映時(shí),依然在影迷中引起了極大的反響。(release) (漢譯英)
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【答案】Althugh this classic film was first released in 1998, it still generated/arused/caused a huge respnse/feedback amng fans when it was re-released this mnth.
【解析】
【詳解】考查讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和動(dòng)詞。整句描述過(guò)去的事情,用一般過(guò)去時(shí),“雖然這部經(jīng)典老片在1998年首映”用Althugh引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,“這部經(jīng)典老片”譯為this classic film,“上映”用動(dòng)詞release,和主語(yǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),所以前半句譯為Althugh this classic filmwas first released in 1998,“但當(dāng)它本月重新上映時(shí)”用when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,“重新上映”用動(dòng)詞re-release,所以時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句譯為when it was re-released this mnth,“引起極大的反響”譯為generate/aruse/cause a huge respnse/feedback,“在影迷中”譯為amng fans,所以主句譯為it still generated/arused/caused a huge respnse/feedback amng fans。故整句翻譯為Althugh this classic filmwas first released in 1998, it still generated/arused/caused a huge respnse/feedback amng fans when it was re-released this mnth.
二)、分析所給提示詞的詞性及用法
歷年高考漢譯英的考查,在每句漢語(yǔ)句子后面的括號(hào)內(nèi)都會(huì)給出翻譯成英文時(shí)必須用到的詞,這是為了直接考查某些語(yǔ)言點(diǎn),同時(shí)也限制了翻譯方法的數(shù)量。
(2025年崇明一模)
54. 對(duì)于失業(yè)者來(lái)說(shuō),重要的是保持積極的心態(tài),不斷學(xué)習(xí),提升自己在就業(yè)市場(chǎng)上的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。(matter)
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【考點(diǎn)】本句所給詞matter做動(dòng)詞用“要緊”,對(duì)應(yīng)句中中文“重要的是”,故翻譯為:what matters mst really matters
【答案】Fr the unemplyed, what matters is t maintain a psitive attitude, keep learning and imprve their cmpetitiveness in the jb market.
【解析】“對(duì)于失業(yè)者來(lái)說(shuō)” 用 Fr the unemplyed ;“重要的是” 用 what matters is... ,what 引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句;“保持積極的心態(tài)” 是 maintain a psitive attitude,“不斷學(xué)習(xí)” 是 keep learning ,“提升自己在就業(yè)市場(chǎng)上的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力” 是 imprve their cmpetitiveness in the jb market ,這幾個(gè)部分用 and 連接,作表語(yǔ)。
(2025年長(zhǎng)寧一模)
54. 這個(gè)被晨霧、悅耳鳥(niǎo)鳴聲和隱約的狗吠聲包圍的邊陲小鎮(zhèn),慢慢地從酣睡中蘇醒了。(envelp)
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【考點(diǎn)】本句所給詞envelp做名詞用“信封”;此處做動(dòng)詞用引申為“包圍”,對(duì)應(yīng)句中中文“被晨霧、悅耳的鳥(niǎo)鳴聲和隱約的狗吠聲包圍的”,故翻譯為: envelped in (the early) mrning mist, tuneful bird calls and distant dg barks/faint barking f dgs
【答案】The frntier/brder twn, envelped in (the early) mrning mist, tuneful bird calls and distant dg barks/faint barking f dgs, is slwly/gradually/ waking up frm a sund sleep.
【解析】
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。陳述現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)?!斑@個(gè)邊陲小鎮(zhèn)”為T(mén)he frntier/brder twn,“被晨霧、悅耳的鳥(niǎo)鳴聲和隱約的狗吠聲包圍的”處理成非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ),envelp與twn之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以此處使用過(guò)去分詞形式作定語(yǔ),翻譯為envelped in (the early) mrning mist, tuneful bird calls and distant dg barks/faint barking f dgs;表示“慢慢地”為slwly/gradually,作狀語(yǔ);“從酣睡中蘇醒”為wake up frm a sund sleep。故翻譯為T(mén)he frntier/brder twn, envelped in (the early) mrning mist, tuneful bird calls and distant dg barks/faint barking f dgs, is slwly/gradually/ waking up frm a sund sleep.
(2025年徐匯一模)
55. 這場(chǎng)演唱會(huì)的舞臺(tái)設(shè)計(jì)以創(chuàng)新和高科技元素而聞名,給觀(guān)眾帶來(lái)無(wú)與倫比的視聽(tīng)感受。(experience)
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【考點(diǎn)】本句所給詞experience做動(dòng)詞用“經(jīng)歷”;此處做名詞用意思為“感受”,對(duì)應(yīng)句中中文“無(wú)與倫比的視聽(tīng)感受”,故翻譯為:unique audi-visual experience
【答案】The stage design f the cncert is knwn fr its innvatin and high-tech elements, bringing the audience unparalleled/unmatched/incmparable/unique audi-visual experience.
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞(短語(yǔ))、動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)、形容詞和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句子可看作介紹當(dāng)前的情況,時(shí)態(tài)宜用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);主語(yǔ)“這場(chǎng)演唱會(huì)的舞臺(tái)設(shè)計(jì)”可用名詞短語(yǔ)the stage design f the cncert,為單數(shù),“以……而聞名”可用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)be knwn fr,be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用is,賓語(yǔ)“創(chuàng)新和高科技元素”可用名詞短語(yǔ)its innvatin and high-tech elements;“給觀(guān)眾帶來(lái)無(wú)與倫比的視聽(tīng)感受”可看作是隨謂語(yǔ)行為自然發(fā)生的結(jié)果,處理為現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ),“給……帶來(lái)……”可用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)bring sb. sth.,“觀(guān)眾”可用名詞the audience,“視聽(tīng)感受”可用名詞短語(yǔ)audi-visual experience,“無(wú)與倫比的”可用形容詞unparalleled、unmatched、incmparable或unique。故可譯為:The stage design f the cncert is knwn fr its innvatin and high-tech elements, bringing the audience unparalleled/unmatched/incmparable/unique audi-visual experience.
【拓展】
【例1】【2018年6月高考題】. 媽媽將鬧鐘設(shè)為每六小時(shí)響一次,提醒自己該給寶寶量體溫了。(reminder)
【考點(diǎn)】as a reminder t d/f sth./that...
【難點(diǎn)】“提醒自己”用名詞表達(dá):a reminder fr herself
參考譯文:
Mm sets the alarm clck t ring every six hurs as a reminder fr herself t take the baby’s temperature.
/Mm sets the alarm clck ringing every six hurs as a reminder t take her baby's temperature.
【例2】人們現(xiàn)在隨時(shí)能在超市買(mǎi)到新鮮牛奶。(available)
【答案】Nwadays fresh milk can available t peple at anytime at the supermarket.
【思路解析】句中動(dòng)詞“買(mǎi)到”轉(zhuǎn)換為形容詞短語(yǔ)“sth. be available t sb”, 且注意中英文語(yǔ)序發(fā)生了變化。
【例3】學(xué)生不能進(jìn)入教師閱覽室。 ( access n.)
【答案】Students have n access t the teachers’ reading rm.
【思路解析】句中動(dòng)詞“進(jìn)入”轉(zhuǎn)換為含名詞短語(yǔ)“have/get access t”, 詞性發(fā)生了變化。
【例4】網(wǎng)上支付方便了用戶(hù),但是犧牲了他們的隱私。(at the cst f)
【答案】Online payment makes it easier fr users, but (it is) at the cst f their privacy
【思路解析】句中動(dòng)詞“犧牲了”轉(zhuǎn)換為含名詞短語(yǔ)“at the cst f ”, 詞性發(fā)生了變化。
三)、語(yǔ)序調(diào)整
通常,漢語(yǔ)詞序是:限定性定語(yǔ)+國(guó)別定語(yǔ)+時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)定語(yǔ)+數(shù)量、種類(lèi)、次第等定語(yǔ)+判斷性定語(yǔ)+陳述性定語(yǔ)+本質(zhì)性定語(yǔ)+中心詞。而英語(yǔ)的詞序則常是:冠詞、指示詞+不定代詞、名詞所有格、序量詞等+表達(dá)主觀(guān)判斷的定語(yǔ)+描述客觀(guān)表象的定語(yǔ)+國(guó)別定語(yǔ)+原料材質(zhì)+用途定語(yǔ)+中心詞。
當(dāng)過(guò)多的定語(yǔ)詞組出現(xiàn)時(shí),可以通過(guò)用in或f等介詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)詞組或者用that或which等連詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句對(duì)部分定語(yǔ)進(jìn)行后置處理,以此來(lái)保持結(jié)構(gòu)上的平衡。需要注意的是:漢語(yǔ)里沒(méi)有后置定語(yǔ)。
(2025年黃浦區(qū)一模)
55. 包括新手小白和高級(jí)玩家在內(nèi)的多位受訪(fǎng)者表示,他們熱衷于攀巖是因?yàn)檫@項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)需要他們富有創(chuàng)造性地解決問(wèn)題。(range)
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【答案】
A dzen interviewees, ranging frm beginners t prfessinals, said they were enthusiastic abut rck climbing because it required them t slve prblems creatively.
【解析】
【詳解】考查短語(yǔ)、時(shí)態(tài)、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、賓語(yǔ)從句和原因狀語(yǔ)從句。陳述過(guò)去事情,用一般過(guò)去時(shí);“多位”翻譯為a dzen,后接可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式;“受訪(fǎng)者”用名詞interviewee;“包括”用短語(yǔ)range ,在句中作定語(yǔ),與interviewees之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用現(xiàn)在分詞形式;“新手小白”用名詞beginner;“高級(jí)玩家”用名詞prfessinal;“表示”用動(dòng)詞say,后接賓語(yǔ)從句;“熱衷于”用短語(yǔ)be enthusiastic abut;“攀巖”翻譯為rck climbing;“因?yàn)椤庇眠B詞because,引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句;“需要某人做某事”用短語(yǔ)require sb. t d sth.;“解決問(wèn)題”翻譯為slve prblems ;“創(chuàng)造性地”用副詞creatively,故賓語(yǔ)從句譯為they were enthusiastic abut rck climbing because it required them t slve prblems creatively,結(jié)構(gòu)、意義完整,使用that引導(dǎo),that可省略。翻譯時(shí),厘清主句從句關(guān)系,化繁為簡(jiǎn),適當(dāng)調(diào)整句子語(yǔ)序。故翻譯為:A dzen interviewees, ranging frm beginners t prfessinals, said they were enthusiastic abut rck climbing because it required them t slve prblems creatively.
(2025年普陀區(qū)一模)
54. 這座幾經(jīng)戰(zhàn)亂的城堡俯瞰這座城市,見(jiàn)證了它在過(guò)去五百年的興衰。(verlk)
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【答案】The castle, which has experienced several wars, verlks the city and has witnessed its rise and fall in the past five hundred years.
【解析】
【詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句和時(shí)態(tài)?!斑@座幾經(jīng)戰(zhàn)亂的城堡”,“幾經(jīng)戰(zhàn)亂” 作定語(yǔ)修飾 “城堡”,可使用定語(yǔ)從句,“城堡” the castle 作先行詞,在從句中作主語(yǔ),用關(guān)系代詞 which 引導(dǎo),“經(jīng)歷” 用 experience,
“幾次” 用 several,“戰(zhàn)亂” 用 war,根據(jù)語(yǔ)境,用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響,即 has experienced several wars;“俯瞰這座城市”,“俯瞰” 是 verlk,這里描述客觀(guān)事實(shí),用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),主語(yǔ)是 the castle,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式 verlks;“見(jiàn)證了它在過(guò)去五百年的興衰”,“見(jiàn)證” 用 witness,“興衰” 用 rise and fall,“在過(guò)去五百年” 用 in the past five hundred years,用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示從過(guò)去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作,即 has witnessed its rise and fall in the past five hundred years。故整句翻譯為 The castle, which has experienced several wars, verlks the city and has witnessed its rise and fall in the past five hundred years.
【拓展】
【例1】博物館疏于管理,展品積灰,門(mén)廳冷清,急需改善。(whse)(2019上海春考)
【答案】The museum,whse exhibits are dusty, badly needs t be imprved because f its few visitrs and pr management.
【思路解析】此句中文表達(dá)簡(jiǎn)潔,多為四字格,疏于管理nt well managed/management is reckless,被灰塵覆蓋be cvered with dust/be piled with dust,游客稀少few visitrs ,亟需改善be badly in need f imprvement/requires immediate imprvement 。翻譯時(shí),厘清主句從句關(guān)系,化繁為簡(jiǎn),適當(dāng)調(diào)整句子語(yǔ)序。故翻譯為his museum is nt well managed whse exhibits are cvered with dust and there are few visitrs s everything is badly in need f imprvement.或The museum whse management is reckless whse exhibits are piled with dust and whse lbby is deserted /requires immediate imprvement.
【例2】在線(xiàn)預(yù)訂出租車(chē)雖然很時(shí)尚,但許多相關(guān)問(wèn)題尚待解決。(as)
【答案】Fashinable as bking taxis nline is, many related prblems remain t be slved.
【思路解析】根據(jù)中文所給提示詞,as 當(dāng)“雖然,盡管” 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句需用倒裝語(yǔ)序。
四)、語(yǔ)態(tài)對(duì)譯
在解題時(shí),學(xué)生對(duì)句子的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的把握時(shí)一大難點(diǎn)。在評(píng)分時(shí),考生在時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)每出現(xiàn)一次錯(cuò)誤都會(huì)被扣一分,因此必須對(duì)此給予足夠的重視。在翻譯前,考生需要先通讀全句,然后確定基本時(shí)態(tài)。
(2025年閔行一模)
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets.
52.這位幼兒園退休教師最近迷上了烹飪。(fnd)
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【答案】The retired kindergarten teacher has been fnd f cking recently.
【解析】
【詳解】考查短語(yǔ)和時(shí)態(tài)?!斑@位幼兒園退休教師” 翻譯為 The retired kindergarten teacher ,“迷上” 翻譯為 be fnd f,“烹飪” 翻譯為 ck,“最近” 翻譯為 recently。表示從過(guò)去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作,用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。故翻譯為 The retired kindergarten teacher has been fnd f cking recently.
(2025年長(zhǎng)寧一模)
52. 北京烤鴨烤好時(shí),香味讓所有外國(guó)食客都垂涎三尺了。(by the time)
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【答案】By the time the Peking duck was rasted/dne/ready, the smell had made all the freign diners’ muths water.
【解析】
【詳解】考查從句和時(shí)態(tài)。本句是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,使用了“by the time”結(jié)構(gòu),表示“到了……時(shí)候”。從句為一般過(guò)去時(shí),主句為過(guò)去完成時(shí)?!氨本┛绝喛竞脮r(shí)”翻譯成一般過(guò)去時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)?!氨本┛绝啞睘閠he Peking duck ,為主語(yǔ)?!翱竞谩睘榉g為:was rasted/dne/ready?!跋阄丁睘閠he smell,“所有外國(guó)食客”為all the freign diners。make ne’s muth water是固定搭配,表示“讓某人垂涎欲滴”。故翻譯為:By the time the Peking duck
(2025年金山一模)
54. 針對(duì)出游高峰期交通堵塞中司機(jī)可能半路上打瞌睡的問(wèn)題,現(xiàn)已推出無(wú)人機(jī)喚醒服務(wù)。(intrduce)
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【答案】T deal with the prblem that drivers may fall asleep halfway in traffic jams during peak travel hurs, wake-up call services frm drnes have been intrduced.
【解析】
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)及不定式。前半句可以用不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)從句,針對(duì)……的為題譯為“t deal with the prblem”,后面說(shuō)的是問(wèn)題的內(nèi)容,處理成同位語(yǔ)從句用that連接,“出游高峰期交通堵塞中司機(jī)可能半路上打瞌睡”譯為“drivers may fall asleep halfway in traffic jams during peak travel hurs”,“無(wú)人機(jī)喚醒服務(wù)”譯為“wake-up call services frm drnes”,是本句的主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)“推出”用動(dòng)詞intrduce,根據(jù)句意應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),和主語(yǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以后半句譯為“wake-up call services frm drnes have been intrduced”,故翻譯為T(mén) deal with the prblem that drivers may fall asleep halfway in traffic jams during peak travel hurs, wake-up call services frm drnes have been intrduced.
(2025年普陀區(qū)一模)
54. 這座幾經(jīng)戰(zhàn)亂的城堡俯瞰這座城市,見(jiàn)證了它在過(guò)去五百年的興衰。(verlk)
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【答案】The castle, which has experienced several wars, verlks the city and has witnessed its rise and fall in the past five hundred years.
【解析】
【詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句和時(shí)態(tài)?!斑@座幾經(jīng)戰(zhàn)亂的城堡”,“幾經(jīng)戰(zhàn)亂” 作定語(yǔ)修飾 “城堡”,可使用定語(yǔ)從句,“城堡” the castle 作先行詞,在從句中作主語(yǔ),用關(guān)系代詞 which 引導(dǎo),“經(jīng)歷” 用 experience,“幾次” 用 several,“戰(zhàn)亂” 用 war,根據(jù)語(yǔ)境,用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響,即 has experienced several wars;“俯瞰這座城市”,“俯瞰” 是 verlk,這里描述客觀(guān)事實(shí),用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),主語(yǔ)是 the castle,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式 verlks;“見(jiàn)證了它在過(guò)去五百年的興衰”,“見(jiàn)證” 用 witness,“興衰” 用 rise and fall,“在過(guò)去五百年” 用 in the past five hundred years,用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示從過(guò)去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作,即 has witnessed its rise and fall in the past five hundred years。故整句翻譯為 The castle, which has experienced several wars, verlks the city and has witnessed its rise and fall in the past five hundred years.
五)、適當(dāng)增補(bǔ)與替代
由于漢英兩種語(yǔ)言的差異,漢譯英時(shí)往往需要補(bǔ)充漢語(yǔ)原文為了語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)潔而省去的詞語(yǔ)或沒(méi)有的詞類(lèi),以使譯文符合英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法的要求。增補(bǔ)的詞多為冠詞(英語(yǔ)多特有)、代詞或名詞(充當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等成分)、連詞或介詞等。中西文化差異的存在使得英語(yǔ)和漢語(yǔ)包含著許多文化色彩濃厚且不易被譯文讀者所理解的詞語(yǔ)。因此在翻譯過(guò)程中需要使用增詞譯法或使用替代換詞,把相關(guān)文化背景知識(shí)翻譯出來(lái)。
(2025年崇明一模)
53. 無(wú)論在人生的哪個(gè)階段,能為所追求的目標(biāo)努力奮斗就是件幸福的事情。(stage)
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N matter what stage f life ne is at, it is a happy thing t strive fr the gals ne pursues.
【解析】“無(wú)論在人生的哪個(gè)階段” 用 N matter what stage f life ne is at,n matter what 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句;“能為所追求的目標(biāo)努力奮斗” 中,“努力奮斗” 是 strive fr ,“所追求的目標(biāo)” 用定語(yǔ)從句修飾 gals,ne pursues ,it 作形式主語(yǔ),真正的主語(yǔ)是后面的動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)。翻譯時(shí),厘清句子結(jié)構(gòu),根據(jù)需要補(bǔ)上句子主語(yǔ)。
(2025年寶山一模)
此時(shí)此刻,每個(gè)人的決定都很關(guān)鍵,因?yàn)闀r(shí)間已經(jīng)不多了。(critical)
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At this mment, everyne's decisin is critical because there is nt much time left.
【解析】 “此時(shí)此刻” 可表達(dá)為 At this mment ,“關(guān)鍵的” 用 critical ,“時(shí)間已經(jīng)不多了” 常見(jiàn)表達(dá)為 there is nt much time left ,用 because 引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。翻譯時(shí),厘清句子結(jié)構(gòu),根據(jù)需要補(bǔ)上there be句型。
(2025年松江一模)
54. 天氣不好,孩子們心心念念的露天音樂(lè)會(huì)只能推遲兩周舉行。 (Due t...) (漢譯英)
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【答案】Due t the bad weather, the utdr cncert that/which the children have been lking frward t has been pstpned fr tw weeks.
【解析】
【詳解】考查固定短語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)從句、動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)態(tài)。表示“由于”用due t,句首單詞首字母大寫(xiě)。表示“惡劣的天氣”用the bad weather,作Due t的賓語(yǔ)。表示“露天音樂(lè)會(huì)”用the utdr cncert,作主語(yǔ)。表示“推遲”用pstpne,與主語(yǔ)為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,且事情已經(jīng)發(fā)生,且對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響,句子用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。表示“兩周”用tw weeks,用fr tw weeks作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。表示“孩子們心心念念的”用定語(yǔ)從句,從句中:表示“孩子們”用the children,作主語(yǔ);表示“期待”用lk frward t,這一動(dòng)作開(kāi)始于過(guò)去,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,并將繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去,句子應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí),又因主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù),所以助動(dòng)詞用have;本空引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞是the utdr cncert,指物,關(guān)系詞代替先行詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ),應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞that/which引導(dǎo)。故翻譯為Due t the bad weather, the utdr cncert that/which the children have been lking frward t has been pstpned fr tw weeks.翻譯時(shí),根據(jù)語(yǔ)法需要,增加表示原因的短語(yǔ)“due t”;刪去原文“只能”,不必翻譯。
【拓展】
【例1】他雖然退休了,但仍然關(guān)心著公司的業(yè)務(wù)。
【答案】Thugh he has retired, he still cares abut the cmpany’s business.
【思路解析】從句“但仍然關(guān)心著公司的業(yè)務(wù)”中文主語(yǔ)省略了,翻譯時(shí)候主句需加上主語(yǔ)“he”.
【例2】這款手機(jī)樣式新穎、攜帶方面,深受年輕人的歡迎。 (2005上海高考)
【答案】The mbile phne is fashinable in style and cnvenient t carry, s it is very ppular with yungsters.
/The mbile phne is fashinable in style and cnvenient t carry, and it is very ppular with yungsters.
【思路解析】中文兩個(gè)分句有因果關(guān)系或并列關(guān)系,故翻譯時(shí),當(dāng)并列句需加“and”;當(dāng)主從句時(shí),需加上從屬連詞“s”。
【例3】根據(jù)科學(xué)家們的看法,自然界要用500年的時(shí)間才能形成一英寸厚的表面土壤。
【答案】Accrding t scientists, it takes nature 500 years t create an inch f tpsil.
【思路解析】根據(jù)英語(yǔ)表達(dá),此處“看法”可以省略不必翻譯。
【例4】究竟是什么激發(fā)小王學(xué)習(xí)電子工程的積極性?(mtivate)(2019上海春考)
【答案】What n earth mtivated Xia Wang t study / learn electrnic engineering?
/What was it that mtivated Xia Wang t study / learn electrnic engineering?
【思路解析】根據(jù)英語(yǔ)表達(dá)及句子成分分析,此處“的積極性”可以省略不必翻譯。
【例5】 物理課上,他沒(méi)聽(tīng)懂王教授所講的內(nèi)容。(fail) (2006上海春考)
【答案】In the physics class, he failed t understand what Prfessr Wang was talking abut.
【思路解析】根據(jù)英語(yǔ)表達(dá)及句子成分分析,此處“的內(nèi)容”可以省略不必翻譯。
六)、直譯和意譯
直譯和意譯沒(méi)有明確界限,往往是一句漢語(yǔ)整體可以直譯,但局部(特別是成語(yǔ)和俗語(yǔ))卻要通過(guò)意譯。注意邏輯主語(yǔ)的變化。最近高考中出現(xiàn)的像“三言?xún)烧Z(yǔ)”、“固執(zhí)己見(jiàn)”、“坐失良機(jī)”、“橫貫平原”、“引人入勝”、“愛(ài)不釋手”、“欣喜若狂”、“鼎立相助”、“一事無(wú)成”、“刮目相看”、“有求必應(yīng)”等,可謂都是地道的中文,初看給人一種高深莫測(cè)的感覺(jué),但仔細(xì)想來(lái),在理解基礎(chǔ)上,都是可以用學(xué)過(guò)的短語(yǔ)來(lái)翻譯的。
如:
“三言?xún)烧Z(yǔ)”--“很少的語(yǔ)言”in a few wrds
“固執(zhí)己見(jiàn)”――“堅(jiān)持自己的看法”stick t ne’s pinin
“坐失良機(jī)”――“失去好機(jī)會(huì)”miss/lss the gd/glden chance/pprtunity
“橫貫平原”――“穿過(guò)平原”crss/run acrss the plain
“引人入勝”――“非常吸引人”s attractive, s fascinating
“愛(ài)不釋手”――“不忍心把它放在一邊”can’t stand parting with it/leaving it aside
“欣喜若狂”――“高興得不得了”be wild with jy/verjyed
“鼎立相助”――“盡我所能地幫助你”make the greatest effrts /d ur best/try every means pssible t help yu
“一事無(wú)成”――“什么事都不能被做成”nthing can be dne/achieved
“刮目相看”――“用不同的眼光、態(tài)度看待別人”lk at sb differently/with new eyes/regard sb in a ttally different light
“有求必應(yīng)”――“總是樂(lè)于幫助別人”be always ready t help
(2025年嘉定一模)
53. 在當(dāng)前乃至未來(lái)很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間,人工智能并非無(wú)所不能。 (far frm) (漢譯英)
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【答案】Artificial intelligence is far frm being equal t anything at present and fr a lng time t cme.
【解析】
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和固定短語(yǔ)。表示“人工智能”用artificial intelligence,作主語(yǔ),表示“遠(yuǎn)不是”用be far frm,句子描述一般事實(shí),時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),主語(yǔ)Artificial intelligence為單數(shù),be動(dòng)詞用is,表示“無(wú)所不能”用be equal t anything,用動(dòng)名詞形式,作介詞frm的賓語(yǔ),表示“在當(dāng)前乃至未來(lái)很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間”用固定短語(yǔ)at present and fr a lng time t cme,作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。故翻譯為Artificial intelligence is far
(2025年虹口一模)
52. 你下了那么大功夫,準(zhǔn)能在學(xué)術(shù)競(jìng)賽中脫穎而出。(bund)(漢譯英)
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【答案】Yu’ve put in s much effrt that yu’re bund t stand ut in the academic cmpetitin.
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞以及固定句型。表示“你”用yu,作主語(yǔ),位于句首,首字母大寫(xiě)。表示“如此……以致……”用固定句型s... that...。表示“下了那么大功夫”用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)put in s much effrt,此處表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生很大影響,時(shí)態(tài)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句中:用yu作主語(yǔ),表示“準(zhǔn)能做某事”用be bund t d sth.,主語(yǔ)為yu, be動(dòng)詞用are,形容詞bund“一定會(huì)”作表語(yǔ);表示“脫穎而出”用stand ut,位于不定式符號(hào)t后,動(dòng)詞用原形;表示“在這個(gè)學(xué)術(shù)競(jìng)賽中”用in the academic cmpetitin。故答案為:Yu’ve put in s much effrt that yu’re bund t stand ut in the academic cmpetitin.。
(2025年徐匯一模)
53. 與人相處時(shí),我們應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)換位思考并體諒他人的難處。(cnsiderate)(漢譯英)
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【答案】When we get alng with thers, we shuld learn t put urselves in thers’ shes and be cnsiderate f the difficulties f thers.
【解析】
【詳解】考查狀語(yǔ)從句、固定搭配。“與人相處時(shí)”可以用when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句表示,翻譯為when we get alng with thers;“我們”是we;“應(yīng)該”是shuld;“學(xué)會(huì)換位思考”翻譯為learn t put urselves in thers’ shes;“并體諒他人的難處”翻譯為and be cnsiderate f the difficulties f thers。故整句翻譯為When we get alng with thers, we shuld learn t put urselves in thers’ shes and be cnsiderate f the difficulties f thers.
(2025年靜安一模)
52. 記得修水管,否則廚房很快就會(huì)水漫金山。(r)(漢譯英)
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【答案】Remember t fix the pipe, r the kitchen will sn be flded.
【解析】
【詳解】考查祈使句和連詞?!坝浀眯匏堋庇闷硎咕浔硎荆g為remember t fix the pipe,位于句首,首字母需大寫(xiě);“否則”用連詞r;“廚房很快就會(huì)水漫金山”可譯為the kitchen will sn be flded。故翻譯為Remember t fix the pipe, r the kitchen will sn be flded.
【拓展】
【例1】(2020上海春考) 每周三,這些大學(xué)生都會(huì)雷打不動(dòng)地去孤兒院做志愿者,教孩子們剪紙和編織。(a rule)
【思路解析】句中“雷打不動(dòng)”無(wú)法直接翻譯,只能意譯為:make it a rule t d sth.表示“使做某事成為常規(guī)”。
【參考答案】Thse cllege students make it a rule t g t the rphanage t wrk as vlunteers every Wednesday,
【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、時(shí)態(tài)和固定句式。根據(jù)句意和提示詞可知,本句使用固定句式:make it a rule t d,表示“使做某事成為常規(guī)”,時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“每周三”表明是經(jīng)?;蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),同時(shí)使用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,“大學(xué)生”與“教”之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,表示主動(dòng),用現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ),故翻譯為:Every Wednesday,these university students make it a rule t d vlunteer service in the rphanage, teaching children paper-cutting and knitting.
【例2】(2019上海高考)爺爺有點(diǎn)耳背,對(duì)他耐心一點(diǎn)。(patient)
【思路解析】句中“耳背”無(wú)法直譯,只能意譯為:a little deaf或smething wrng with ne's ears。
【參考答案】Grandpa is a little deaf and be patient with him./There is smething wrng with grandpa's ears, s be patient with him.
【詳解】考查短語(yǔ)和時(shí)態(tài)。結(jié)合句意表示“耳背”可翻譯為there be smething wrng with ne's ears;表示“對(duì)某人耐心”短語(yǔ)為be patient with sb.;此處為s連接并列句,且前半句陳述事實(shí)應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),后半句為肯定祈使句,句首動(dòng)詞用原形。故翻譯為T(mén)here is smething wrng with grandpa's ears, s be patient with him.
【例3】(2020年春考)這首歌在今年的藝術(shù)節(jié)上首發(fā)時(shí),因其旋律歡快,風(fēng)格詼諧引起轟動(dòng),但只是曇花一現(xiàn)。(when)
【思路解析】此句中“曇花一現(xiàn)”’可以意譯為:its ppularity didn’t last lng / but it lasted (fr) nly a very shrt time/ perid.;也可以直譯為:a flash in the pan。
【參考答案】When first released at the pening ceremny f the Art Festival, this sng caused a sensatin / made a stir because f / fr/ due t its cheerful meldy and humrus style, but it was just a flash in the pan./ but it didn’t last lng. / but it lasted (fr) nly a very shrt time/ perid.
/The sng caused a stir/sensatin /became a hit fr its cheerful meldy and cmic style when it was first perfrmed/released at the Art Festival this year, but its ppularity didn’t last lng/a flash in the pan .
【詳解】本題考查了when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,考查的詞匯和詞組并不難,“曇花一現(xiàn)”看似難翻,但只要表達(dá)清楚意思就可以了。
【例4】這部基于那場(chǎng)重要戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的電影一上映就很賣(mài)座。(Hardly)
【思路解析】此句中“很賣(mài)座”不能直接一一對(duì)應(yīng)翻譯,只能意思是翻譯,意譯為: it attracted a large audience。
【參考答案】Hardly had the film abut the imprtant battle been released when it attracted a large audience.
【詳解】考查倒裝句、否定副詞、介詞、時(shí)態(tài)、名詞、形容詞和短語(yǔ)。表示“基于”應(yīng)用介詞abut;表示“這部電影”應(yīng)用名詞短語(yǔ)the film;表示“重要的”應(yīng)用形容詞imprtant;表示“那場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)”應(yīng)用名詞短語(yǔ)the battle;表示“上映”應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞release;表示“賣(mài)座”應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)attract a large audience。根據(jù)所給副詞“Hardly”幾乎不的意思和首字母的大寫(xiě)形式可知,這句話(huà)需要Hardly放在句首的部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)“Hardly…when…”一……就……,該短語(yǔ)要求從句為一般過(guò)去時(shí),主句用過(guò)去完成時(shí),部分倒裝時(shí),助動(dòng)詞had置于主語(yǔ)之前。故翻譯為Hardly had the film abut the imprtant battle been released when it attracted a large audience.
七)、長(zhǎng)句翻譯
高考翻譯最后一句屬于長(zhǎng)句翻譯,翻譯時(shí),要“先主干,再細(xì)節(jié)”。理清句子的成分,先確定框架,再添磚加瓦。
(2025年楊浦一模)
55. 在90年代,這種疾病因其復(fù)雜性,曾被誤診為流感類(lèi)疾病,如今人們已經(jīng)認(rèn)識(shí)到它是一種罕見(jiàn)的精神障礙。(whse)
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【答案】In the 1990s, this disease, whse cmplexity nce led t its misdiagnsis as a flu-like illness, is nw recgnized as a rare mental disrder.
【解析】
【詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句和時(shí)態(tài)。句中“因其復(fù)雜性”根據(jù)題干要求,用定語(yǔ)從句表達(dá),其中“其復(fù)雜性”翻譯為
“whse cmplexity”;“曾被誤診為流感類(lèi)疾病”用“nce led t misdiagnsis as a flu-like illness”表示,使用一般過(guò)去時(shí);“如今人們已經(jīng)認(rèn)識(shí)到”用“is nw recgnized as”表示,使用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài),表述一種現(xiàn)狀;“在90年代”翻譯為“In the 1990s”;“一種罕見(jiàn)的精神障礙”用“a rare mental disrder”表達(dá)。故譯為:In the 1990s, this disease, whse cmplexity nce led t its misdiagnsis as a flu-like illness, is nw recgnized as a rare mental disrder.
(2025年奉賢一模)
55. 這位原本深耕于科研領(lǐng)域的女學(xué)者,憑借自己堅(jiān)持不懈的努力,歷經(jīng)極度嚴(yán)苛的訓(xùn)練,最終成為了一名宇航員。(engage) (漢譯英)
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【答案】With her wn unremitting effrts and extremely rigrus training, the female schlar, wh was riginally deep in the field f scientific research eventually became an astrnaut.
【解析】
【詳解】考查介詞短語(yǔ)、副詞、形容詞、定語(yǔ)從句和動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。“憑借自己堅(jiān)持不懈的努力,歷經(jīng)極度嚴(yán)苛的訓(xùn)練”可以用with+賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu),表示為with her wn unremitting effrts and extremely rigrus training,其中副詞“極其”extremely,修飾形容詞rigrus“嚴(yán)苛的”作狀語(yǔ);主語(yǔ)是 the female schlars表示“女學(xué)者”,“這位原本深耕于科研領(lǐng)域的”可以表達(dá)為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行詞schlar,且在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ),用wh引導(dǎo),“原本地”是riginally,作狀語(yǔ),“深耕于科研領(lǐng)域”表示為be deep in the field f scientific research,結(jié)合句子陳述過(guò)去的事實(shí),用一般過(guò)去時(shí),be動(dòng)詞用was,即主語(yǔ)部分為the female schlar, wh was riginally deep in the field f scientific research;謂語(yǔ)“成為”becme,系動(dòng)詞,過(guò)去式為became,an astrnaut表示“一名宇航員”,作表語(yǔ)。故翻譯為With her wn unremitting effrts and extremely rigrus training, the female schlar, wh was riginally deep in the field f scientific research eventually became an astrnaut.
(2025年浦東新區(qū)一模)
55.國(guó)家藝術(shù)館收藏了大量的國(guó)內(nèi)外藝術(shù)作品,人們漫步其間,探尋時(shí)光的足跡,感受歷史與文化的交融。(where)
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【答案】The Natinal Art Gallery cllects a large number f dmestic and freign art wrks, where peple can strll arund, explre the ftprints f time and feel the integratin f histry and culture.
【解析】
【詳解】考查短語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)從句和并列謂語(yǔ)?!笆詹亓舜罅康摹?翻譯為 cllect a large number f,“國(guó)內(nèi)外藝術(shù)作品” 翻譯為 dmestic and freign art wrks,“漫步其間” 翻譯為 strll arund,“探尋時(shí)光的足跡” 翻譯為 explre the ftprints f time,“感受歷史與文化的交融” 翻譯為 feel the integratin f histry and culture。先行詞為 The Natinal Art Gallery,在非限定性定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),所以用關(guān)系副詞 where 引導(dǎo)。故翻譯為 The Natinal Art Gallery cllects a large number f dmestic and freign art wrks, where peple can strll arund, explre the ftprints f time and feel the integratin f histry and culture.
【拓展】
【例1】援引一位王姓專(zhuān)家的話(huà)來(lái)說(shuō),“基于自然的生態(tài)旅日漸井噴,在沒(méi)有適當(dāng)規(guī)劃的前提下,實(shí)際上,是對(duì)脆弱物種的損害,進(jìn)而導(dǎo)致生態(tài)系統(tǒng)每況愈下?!?(cite)
參考譯文:
The expert surnamed Wang is cited as saying, " the grwing explsin f nature-based ecturism, withut prper planning, is actually damage t vulnerable species, causing the ecsystem t decline.” /the increasing nature-based ecturism, in the presence f apprpriate management can actually damage its vulnerable species, thus cntributing t ecsystem degradatin.
【詳解】
考查構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)、詞匯熟練運(yùn)用及非謂語(yǔ)或非限制定語(yǔ)從句用法。根據(jù)句意可知本句的前后兩個(gè)分句均使用非限制定語(yǔ)從句或非謂語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞來(lái)翻譯。“援引專(zhuān)家的話(huà)來(lái)說(shuō)”翻譯成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),即:the expert is cited as saying?!盎谧匀坏纳鷳B(tài)旅”,這里用到了構(gòu)詞法知識(shí),即nature-based ecturism。“日漸井噴”,就是說(shuō)增長(zhǎng)很快的意思,可以翻譯為:the grwing explsin f或the increasing ?!皩?dǎo)致生態(tài)系統(tǒng)每況愈下”這句可以使用定語(yǔ)從句,也可用現(xiàn)在分詞?!皩?dǎo)致”可翻譯為cause/lead t/cntribute t/give rise t; 陳述的是客觀(guān)事實(shí),用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故翻譯為:The expert is cited as saying, " the grwing explsin f nature-based ecturism, withut prper planning, is actually damage t vulnerable species, causing the ecsystem t decline.” /the increasing nature-based ecturism, in the presence f apprpriate management can actually damage its vulnerable species, thus cntributing t ecsystem degradatin.
【例2】【2018年6月高考題】在這個(gè)村落里,人們通常每餐只吃八分飽,但這種健康的飲食習(xí)慣最初是為了應(yīng)對(duì)食物短缺的困境。(until)
【考點(diǎn)】until可以用在“eat until they are satisfied”;或keep the they have abundant fd
【詞匯】八分飽——eat 30% less;leave ff with an appetite;(nt)eat until they are full等
應(yīng)對(duì)……困境——cpe with/deal with/respnd t;或介詞against/in reactin t/in respnse t...
每餐——fr every single meal;each meal
【難點(diǎn)】防止冗余的翻譯:如deal with the lack f fd(缺少食物的困境);healthy eating habit、或healthy diet(健康的飲食習(xí)慣);(通常每餐吃八分飽)
參考譯文:
Peple in this village usually eat until they are satisfied,but this healthy diet came frm the shrtage f fd in the early days.
In this village peple usually eat until they are 80 percent full fr each meal, but this healthy way f eating was riginally develped t deal with /address the pr/hard cnditins/situatin f fd shrtage.
In this village, peple usually eat every meal until they are 80 percent full, but this healthy eating habit was t deal with the shrtage f fd initially.
In the village, peple always dn’t stp having each meal until they feel almst full, but this healthy diet habit was t deal with the fd shrt situatin riginally.
九、特殊句式翻譯
特殊句式涉及到:祈使句、疑問(wèn)句、感嘆句、it做形式主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ),強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,倒裝句,there be句型等。
(2025年寶山一模)
你覺(jué)得我們中學(xué)生有必要那么關(guān)注網(wǎng)紅嗎?(it)
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【答案】D yu think it necessary fr us middle schl students t pay s much attentin t Internet celebrities?
【解析】考查疑問(wèn)句及it句型。 “你覺(jué)得…… 有必要嗎” 借助助動(dòng)詞 d 構(gòu)成一般疑問(wèn)句,think 后接 it 作形式賓語(yǔ),真正的賓語(yǔ)為后面的動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ),即 it necessary fr sb. t d sth. 結(jié)構(gòu),“關(guān)注” 是 pay attentin t ,“網(wǎng)紅” 是 Internet celebrities。
(2025年普陀區(qū)一模)
53. 別擔(dān)心淋雨,是時(shí)候試試你的新外套是否防雨了。(time)
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【答案】Dn't wrry abut getting wet. It's time t test whether yur new cat is waterprf.
【解析】
【詳解】考查祈使句翻譯。“別擔(dān)心淋雨”,“擔(dān)心做某事” 是 wrry abut ding sth.,“淋雨” 也就是 “被弄濕”,用 get wet,否定祈使句用 Dn't 開(kāi)頭;“是時(shí)候試試……”,“是時(shí)候做某事” 用 It's time t d sth. ,“試試” 在這里可理解為 “測(cè)試”,用 test,“你的新外套是否防雨” 作 test 的賓語(yǔ),“是否” 用 whether 引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句,“防雨的” 是 waterprf。故翻譯為 Dn't wrry abut getting wet. It's time t test whether yur new cat is waterprf.
(2025年嘉定一模)
52. 隨著技術(shù)革新,人人都能拍一段視頻上傳到平臺(tái)。 (With) (漢譯英)
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【答案】With technlgical innvatin, everyne can sht a vide and uplad it t the platfrm.
【解析】
【詳解】考查with結(jié)構(gòu)翻譯。句子是描述一個(gè)事實(shí),使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);表示“隨著技術(shù)革新”為With technlgical innvatin;主語(yǔ)為everyne;“能”使用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can,后接動(dòng)詞原形;表示“拍一段視頻”為sht a vide;表示“上傳到平臺(tái)”為uplad it t the platfrm。故翻譯為With technlgical innvatin, everyne can sht a vide and uplad it t the platfrm.
(2025年松江一模)
52. 不如我們帶上新買(mǎi)的望遠(yuǎn)鏡去賞月吧!(enjy) (漢譯英)
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【答案】Let’s take ur newly-bught telescpe t enjy the mn.
【解析】
【詳解】考查感嘆句、動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))、形容詞和名詞?!安蝗缥覀冏瞿呈隆笔墙ㄗh一起做某事,可用固定句型let’s d sth.表示,“帶上某物去做某事”可用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)take sth. t d sth.,“(我們)新買(mǎi)的望遠(yuǎn)鏡”可用名詞短語(yǔ)ur newly-bught telescpe,“賞月”可用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)enjy the mn。故可譯為:Let’s take ur newly-bught telescpe t enjy the mn.
(2025年浦東新區(qū)一模)
52.任何時(shí)候都要保持冷靜,而非盲目行事。(instead f)
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【答案】Keep calm at all times instead f acting blindly.
【解析】
【詳解】考查祈使句及短語(yǔ)用法。“保持冷靜” 翻譯為 Keep calm ,“任何時(shí)候” 翻譯為 at all times,“而非” 翻譯為 instead f,“盲目行事” 翻譯為 act blindly 。instead f 為介詞短語(yǔ),后接動(dòng)名詞形式。故翻譯為 Keep calm at all times instead f acting blindly.
53.你能幫我去文具店買(mǎi)一把三角尺嗎?(favur)
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【答案】Culd yu d me a favur and buy a set square at the statinery stre?
【解析】
【詳解】考查疑問(wèn)句及固定短語(yǔ)用法。“幫某人一個(gè)忙” 翻譯為 d sb. a favur,“買(mǎi)一把三角尺” 翻譯為 buy a set square,“在文具店” 翻譯為 at the statinery stre 。表示請(qǐng)求,用 Culd 句型。故翻譯為 Culd yu d me a favur and buy a set square at the statinery stre?
九、無(wú)主句翻譯
(1)有些所給漢語(yǔ)中沒(méi)有明確的“被 ”,但翻譯中宜用被動(dòng)。比如不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)詞的實(shí)施者。
應(yīng)該鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生將課堂上所學(xué)的知識(shí)運(yùn)用到實(shí)踐中去。(encurage)
Students shuld be encurage t apply what they have learned in class t practice.
(2)有些主動(dòng)被動(dòng)都可以。
在大城市迷路沒(méi)有關(guān)系,警察會(huì)給你指路的。
It desn’t matter if yu lse yur way / get lst in a big city, fr a pliceman will shw yu the way.
小偷活該受到懲罰。Thieves deserve severe punishment. / Thieves deserve t be. severely punished.
2024年6月
72. 我的外國(guó)友人不禁贊嘆:上海值得看的地方有很多?。。╳rth)
參考譯文:
My freign friend culdn't help but exclaim / culdn't help exclaming that there are s many places wrth visiting in Shanghai.
“不禁”
cannt help but d
cannt help ding
wrth用法
be wrth ding 值得被做(主表被動(dòng))
be wrthwhile ding/ t d
be wrthy f being dne/ t be dne 某事值得被做
73. 她不斷嘗試將書(shū)法元素融入京劇的戲服設(shè)計(jì)中。(emply)
參考譯文:
She cnstantly tries t emply calligraphy in the design f Peking Opera cstumes.
將……應(yīng)用于……
cstume
the clthes wrn by actrs in a play r film/mvie, r wrn by sb t make them lk like sth else(戲劇或電影的)戲裝,服裝
74. 在3月14日國(guó)際數(shù)學(xué)日,這位專(zhuān)家應(yīng)邀來(lái)給小學(xué)生做一個(gè)關(guān)于數(shù)學(xué)符號(hào)的講座。(fall n)
參考譯文:
On Internatinal Mathematics Day, which falls n March 14th, this expert was invited t give a lecture n mathematical symbls t primary schl students.
fall n+日期
Christmas Day falls n December 25th.
圣誕節(jié)是在12月25日。
75. 這個(gè)博物館的神奇之處在于,它將鄉(xiāng)村的變遷、時(shí)光的痕跡和童年的回憶融合在了一個(gè)固定的空間中。(What)
參考譯文:
What is amazing abut the museum is that it integrates the changes in the cuntryside, the traces f time, and the memries f childhd int a fixed space.
What is amazing abut the museum is that it cllects int a fixed space the changes in the cuntryside, the traces f time, and the memries f childhd.
2023年6月
Directins:Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets
72.正如預(yù)期的那樣,藝術(shù)節(jié)引起了學(xué)生對(duì)于民俗文化的興趣(generate)
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?參考答案:
As is expected, Art Festival has generated students’ interest in flk culture.
/As (was) expected, the art festival generated the turists’/visitrs’ interest in flk culture.
解析:
a. Key wrds: Art Festival 藝術(shù)節(jié); flk culture 民俗文化
b. Key pints: as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,翻譯成“正如”;“激發(fā)了”使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
本題考查實(shí)詞generate(v. 產(chǎn)生;引起)的用法,整個(gè)句子可以處理成主從復(fù)合句,主句部分為簡(jiǎn)單的主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu),從句考查as引導(dǎo)的非限制定語(yǔ)從句。
73.你是否意識(shí)到這個(gè)地區(qū)的每一個(gè)部落有自己的不成文的規(guī)則?(aware)
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?參考答案:
Have yu been aware that every tribe in this area has its wn unwritten rules?
解析:
a. Key wrds: be aware that…意識(shí)到…;tribe 部落;unwritten rules 不成文規(guī)則
b.Key pints:現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的考察;賓語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞that的使用情況
本題考查實(shí)詞aware(adj. 有意識(shí)的)的用法be aware that...,考生們需要注意該詞的詞性為形容詞,否則容易遺漏be動(dòng)詞。另,考生對(duì)于題干中的“部落”和“不成文”等表達(dá),也需要知道相應(yīng)的英文表達(dá)。
74.這家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室將和當(dāng)?shù)芈殬I(yè)學(xué)校簽訂合作協(xié)議,為學(xué)生提供不一般的互動(dòng)體驗(yàn)。(sign)
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?參考答案:
The key labratry will sign cperatin agreements with lcal vcatinal schls, which will bring students an unusual interactive experience.
/The key labratry/lab will sign a cperatin agreement with lcal vcatinal schls t prvide students with unusual interactive experiences.
解析:
a. Key wrds: sign…with…與…簽署… ;cperatin agreements 合作協(xié)議;vcatinal schls 職業(yè)學(xué)校 interactive experience;互動(dòng)體驗(yàn)
b.Key pints: “將和”使用一般將來(lái)時(shí);which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句
本題考查實(shí)詞sign(v.簽訂;簽署)的用法,“簽訂合同”可以譯為sign a cperatin agreement,另外,本題題干的后半段可以處理成表示目的的動(dòng)詞不定式。本題難度中等。
75.這部電視連續(xù)劇的劇情圍繞某一虛擬的華南城市展開(kāi),在劇中汽車(chē)工業(yè)一直是該城市的驕傲。(where)
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?參考答案:
The TV series revlves arund a certain virtual suthern Chinese city, where the car industry has always been the pride.
/This TV series revlves arund a fictinal city in suthern China, where the aut industry has lng been a surce f pride.
/The plt f this TV series revlves arund a fictinal city in suthern China, where the aut industry has always been the pride f the city.
解析:
a. Key wrds: TV series 電視連續(xù)劇
b.Key pints: where 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句;現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的考察
本題難度較大。根據(jù)括號(hào)提示詞where可以得知,本題在語(yǔ)法方面?zhèn)戎赜诳疾榭忌鷮?duì)從句的(where引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句)掌握情況。考生們需要注意,where作為定語(yǔ)從句中的關(guān)系副詞,需要出現(xiàn)在表示地點(diǎn)的名詞或代詞之后,且從句部分不缺少主干成分。
2022年上海秋季高考英語(yǔ)真題

1.媽媽忘了兩天前剛給鄰居買(mǎi)過(guò)黃瓜。(frget)
參考譯文:
①M(fèi)ther/ Mm frgt having just bught sme cucumbers fr her neighbr tw days ag.
②Mther/ Mm frgt buying sme cucumbers fr her neighbr just tw days ag.
解析:本句時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí);
考核基礎(chǔ)單詞frget的用法:frget ding / frget having dne 忘記做過(guò)某事。
注意區(qū)別:frget t d 忘記去做某事
2. 每逢節(jié)假日,我們都會(huì)去郊區(qū)露營(yíng),為的就是享受悠閑愜意的生活。(s that)
參考譯文:(During)every hliday/ (On) every hliday, we always g/will g camping in the suburbs s that we can enjy a leisurely cmfrtable/relaxing and cmfrtable life.
解析:考查目的狀語(yǔ)從句。
詞塊:露營(yíng) g camping;享受生活 enjy a ... life
3.切莫苛求運(yùn)動(dòng)強(qiáng)度和頻率,細(xì)水長(zhǎng)流才能見(jiàn)效。(difference)
參考譯文:
①Dn’t be t hard n yurself as t the intensity and frequency f ding sprts/exercising/wrkut,because/as nly by wrking steadily little by little/nly thrugh persistent little effrts can yu make a difference.
②Dn’t be t hard n yurself as t the intensity and frequency f ding sprts/exercising/wrkut,because/as nly wrking steadily little by little/persistent little effrts can make a difference.
③Dn’t push yurself t hard when it cmes t the intensity and frequency f ding sprts/exercising/wrkut, ...
解析:考察前后語(yǔ)句間的邏輯關(guān)系,能找到合適連詞來(lái)連接前后語(yǔ)句;
“切莫苛求”句中是無(wú)主結(jié)構(gòu),學(xué)生應(yīng)選擇使用祈使句來(lái)翻譯;
學(xué)生需要對(duì)四字格“細(xì)水長(zhǎng)流”先進(jìn)行理解,在語(yǔ)境中尋找合適的詞進(jìn)行翻譯;
對(duì)自己過(guò)分苛求的幾種表達(dá):be t hard n yurself in ... / push yurself t hard
4.這條運(yùn)河歷經(jīng)數(shù)百年才修建而成,如今雖無(wú)昔日繁忙之景,但仍然是橫跨東西的重要水道。()
參考譯文:
①The canal, which tk hundreds f years t build, is nt as busy/prsperus as befre/it used t be / nce was, but it is still an imprtant waterway frm east t west.
②It tk hundreds f years t build this canal and althugh it is n lnger as prsperus as it used t be, but still remains a vital waterway extending frm east t west.
解析:提示詞可看出本句考察比較狀語(yǔ)從句;
考綱詞匯:運(yùn)河canal;無(wú)昔日繁忙之景(也就是:不如以前繁忙)nt as busy as befre;橫跨東西frm east t west;水道water curse / waterway。
2021年上海秋季高考英語(yǔ)真題
1. 你坐會(huì)兒,我來(lái)看管這六件行李。(lk)
Yu can sit fr a while, and I will lk after the/these six pieces f luggage/baggage.
2. 打噴嚏時(shí),務(wù)必用紙巾遮住口鼻。(D)
D cver yur muth and nse with tissue/a tissue when yu are sneezing.
3. 這位頭發(fā)花白的外交官與老友不期而遇,腦海中浮現(xiàn)出那段為理想而奮斗的青春歲月。(remind)
The grey-haired diplmat ran int/came acrss/encuntered an ld friend, which reminded him f the days f his yuth when he was struggling fr his ideal.
The grey-haired diplmat met an ld friend by accident, which reminded him f the yuthful years f fighting fr ideals.
4. 這位先驅(qū)者的故居是間不起眼的木屋,現(xiàn)正修復(fù)中,游客有望在六月底一睹其真容。(under)
The frmer residence f the pineer is a humble wden huse, which is nw under restratin, and visitrs are likely t see its real lk at the end f June.
2020年秋季高考真題
1.你是否介意替我去開(kāi)個(gè)會(huì)/參加會(huì)議? (substitute)
D/Wuld yu mind (yur) substituting me fr the meeting?
D/Wuld yu mind if yu substitute me fr the meeting?
2.為了(能)讓媽媽好好休息,小王把水槽和碗櫥擦得干干凈凈。(In rder...)
In rder t make/let his mther have a gd rest, Xia Wang clean the sink and cupbard thrughly.
r:In rder that his mther culd have a gd rest, Xia Wang wiped dwn the sink and cupbard.
3.春暖花開(kāi)的四月是領(lǐng)略/欣賞這個(gè)南方小鎮(zhèn)美景的最好時(shí)間/最佳時(shí)機(jī)。(when)
With flwers blming and the weather being warm, April is the best time t appreciate the beauty f this suthern twn.
4.面對(duì)網(wǎng)店的挑戰(zhàn),這家百年老店多措并舉,最終轉(zhuǎn)危為機(jī),再創(chuàng)輝煌。(turn)
In the face f / Facing / Faced with the challenges frm the nline stre, this century-ld stre tk varius measures at the same time / take multiple measures, and finally turned the crisis int an pprtunity t recreate the glry.
A
(上海市七寶中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期月考英語(yǔ)試題)
52. 意識(shí)到犯了大錯(cuò),我馬上向在場(chǎng)所有的人表達(dá)了誠(chéng)摯的歉意。(present)
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【答案】Realizing that I had made a serius mistake, I made a sincere aplgy t the peple present.
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、賓語(yǔ)從句和固定短語(yǔ)。表示“我”用I,作主語(yǔ)。表示“向某人真誠(chéng)道歉”用make a sincere aplgy t sb.,其中形容詞sincere“誠(chéng)摯的”作前置定語(yǔ),修飾名詞aplgy,本句描述過(guò)去的動(dòng)作,故時(shí)態(tài)用一般過(guò)去時(shí),謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去式。表示“人們”用peple,作t的賓語(yǔ)。表示“在場(chǎng)的”用形容詞present,作后置定語(yǔ),修飾peple。表示“意識(shí)到”用realize,與I為主動(dòng)關(guān)系,用現(xiàn)在分詞,作狀語(yǔ),位于句首,首字母大寫(xiě)。表示“我犯了大錯(cuò)”用賓語(yǔ)從句,從句中:用I作主語(yǔ);表示“犯了大錯(cuò)”用make a serius mistake,本句描述道歉之前的動(dòng)作,故時(shí)態(tài)用過(guò)去完成時(shí),其中形容詞serius“嚴(yán)重的”作前置定語(yǔ),修飾名詞mistake。故翻譯為Realizing that I had made a serius mistake, I made a sincere aplgy t the peple present.
53. 這款新藥對(duì)感染了這種病毒的病人是否有效尚不知曉。(remain)
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【答案】Whether the new medicine will have any effect n the patients (wh are) infected by this (kind f) virus remains unknwn.
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞性從句和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞?!斑@款新藥”表達(dá)為the new medicine,“對(duì)…有效”表達(dá)為have an effect n,“感染了這種病毒的病人”,可用名詞后跟一個(gè)過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ),表示被感染,故表達(dá)為the patients infected by this virus(也可以名詞后跟一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句,表達(dá)為the patients wh are infected by this virus),“不知曉”可表達(dá)為unknwn。根據(jù)所給詞remain,為系動(dòng)詞,意為“依舊是,仍然是…”可知,后可跟形容詞unknwn做表語(yǔ)。主語(yǔ)就為whether引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句,根據(jù)“是否有效尚未知曉”可知,要用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。故句子翻譯為:Whether the new medicine will have any effect n the patients (wh are) infected by this (kind f) virus remains unknwn。
54. 對(duì)語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)者來(lái)說(shuō),接觸英文材料并養(yǎng)成好的習(xí)慣能提高學(xué)習(xí)成果。(expse)
____________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Fr language learners, being expsed t English materials and develping gd habits can enhance learning efficiency.
【解析】
【詳解】考查介詞短語(yǔ),非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、名詞。表示“對(duì)于”用介詞fr,位于句首,首字母大寫(xiě)。表示“語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)者”用language learner,語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)者不止一個(gè),用復(fù)數(shù)形式,作Fr的賓語(yǔ)。表示“接觸”用be expsed t,作主語(yǔ),用動(dòng)名詞形式,其中t為介詞。表示“英文材料”用English material,通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式表示泛指,作t的賓語(yǔ)。表示“養(yǎng)成好的習(xí)慣”用develp gd habits,用動(dòng)名詞,與being expsed t English materials并列,用連詞and連接,其中好習(xí)慣不止一種,用habit“習(xí)慣”的復(fù)數(shù)。表示“能”用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can,表示“提高”用enhance,位于can后,用動(dòng)詞原形。表示“學(xué)習(xí)成果”用learning efficiency,作can enhance的賓語(yǔ)。故翻譯為Fr language learners, being expsed t English materials and develping gd habits can enhance learning efficiency.
55. 迄今雖說(shuō)屢屢采取嚴(yán)控措施,但絕大多數(shù)人仍然覺(jué)得難以承擔(dān)目前高房?jī)r(jià)。 (majrity)
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【答案】Althugh it is said that serius measures have been taken fr many times up till nw a large majrity f peple still find it hard t affrd the high husing price.
【解析】
【詳解】考查讓步狀語(yǔ)從句和固定句式。根據(jù)句意可知本句用althugh引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。表示“雖說(shuō)”可用句型it is said that…,表示“迄今”為up till nw,為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),表示“采取嚴(yán)控措施”用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),表示發(fā)生在過(guò)去并對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生影響,可用被動(dòng)句型翻譯為serius measures have been taken,表示“屢屢”為fr many times;主句用句型“find it+hard+t d”表示“發(fā)現(xiàn)很難……”,描述現(xiàn)狀用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),主語(yǔ)“絕大多數(shù)人”表示為a large majrity f peple,表示“難以承擔(dān)目前的高房?jī)r(jià)”為不定式短語(yǔ) t affrd the high husing price。結(jié)合其他所給漢語(yǔ),故翻譯為:Althugh it is said that serius measures have been taken fr many times up till nw a large majrity f peple still find it hard t affrd the high husing price.
B
(上海市華東師范大學(xué)松江實(shí)驗(yàn)高級(jí)中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試題)
52. 那座村莊物資匱乏因?yàn)樗煌ㄜ?chē)。(inaccessible)
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【答案】That village lacks supplies/materials because it is inaccessible t cars.
【解析】
【詳解】考查狀語(yǔ)從句和短語(yǔ)。主語(yǔ)為that village;表示“物資匱乏”翻譯為lack supplies/materials;because引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句,表示“不通車(chē)”應(yīng)用be inaccessible t cars,描述客觀(guān)情況,為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故翻譯為T(mén)hat village lacks supplies/materials because it is inaccessible t cars.
53. 如果你能幫我解決我的問(wèn)題,我會(huì)非常感激。(appreciate)
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【答案】I wuld greatly appreciate it if yu culd assist me with my prblem.
【解析】
【詳解】考查條件狀語(yǔ)從句、it和固定句式。句意為“如果你能幫我解決我的問(wèn)題,我會(huì)非常感激的?!边\(yùn)用固定句式“I wuld greatly appreciate it if…”,表示“如果……我會(huì)很感激”;“能夠”翻譯為“culd”;“幫我解決我的問(wèn)題”翻譯為“assist me with my prblem”,assist位于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后,使用動(dòng)詞原形。故翻譯為:I wuld greatly appreciate it if yu culd assist me with my prblem.
54. 經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展得越快,我們就越應(yīng)注意保護(hù)環(huán)境。(the… the…)
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【答案】The faster ecnmy is develping, the mre attentin we shuld pay t envirnmental prtectin./ the mre we shuld pay attentin t envirnmental prtectin.
【解析】
【詳解】考查固定句型。表示“越……越……”句型為the+比較級(jí),the+比較級(jí);表示“經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展得越快”為the faster ecnmy is develping,為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí);表示“我們就越應(yīng)注意保護(hù)環(huán)境”翻譯為the mre attentin we shuld pay t envirnmental prtectin或者the mre we shuld pay attentin t envirnmental prtectin,shuld后跟動(dòng)詞原形, pay attentin t表示“注意”,“保護(hù)環(huán)境”用名詞短語(yǔ)envirnmental prtectin作賓語(yǔ)。故翻譯為T(mén)he faster ecnmy is develping, the mre attentin we shuld pay t envirnmental prtectin./ the mre we shuld pay attentin t envirnmental prtectin.
55. 約有400名學(xué)生參加了學(xué)校在 5 月 8 日舉辦的一年一度的科學(xué)論壇,在論壇上學(xué)生們可以展示他們的創(chuàng)新項(xiàng)目。(estimate)
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【答案】An estimated 400 students attended the schl’s annual science frum n May 8th, where they culd shwcase their innvative prjects./ It is estimated that 400 students attended the schl’s annual science frum n May 8th, where they culd shwcase their innvative prjects.
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞以及定語(yǔ)從句?!凹s有400名學(xué)生”可以翻譯為an estimated 400 students,在句中作主語(yǔ),其中estimated為形容詞“預(yù)估的”,句首單詞首字母大寫(xiě)?!皡⒓印笨捎脛?dòng)詞attend,在句中作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞?!霸? 月 8 日”可以翻譯為n May 8th,在句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),所以句子為一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。“學(xué)校舉辦的一年一度的科學(xué)論壇”可以翻譯為the schl’s annual science frum,后面接定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞frum。先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),所以用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)該從句。從句主語(yǔ)為they,指代前文中的students,“展示”用動(dòng)詞shwcase,前面接情態(tài)動(dòng)詞culd?!八麄兊膭?chuàng)新項(xiàng)目”可以翻譯以為their innvative prjects。該句子也可用固定句型It is estimated that…,意為“據(jù)估計(jì)……”,其中It作形式主語(yǔ),that引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句,“400名學(xué)生” 400 students作從句的主語(yǔ),其后內(nèi)容與上一種譯法一樣。故翻譯為An estimated 400 students attended the schl’s annual science frum n May 8th, where they culd shwcase their innvative prjects./ It is estimated that 400 students attended the schl’s annual science frum n May 8th, where they culd shwcase their innvative prjects.
C
(上海市實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期十月月考英語(yǔ)試題)
52. 這款新發(fā)布的電子產(chǎn)品在耐用性上比競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手的差得多。(inferir)
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【答案】This newly released electrnic prduct is far inferir t its cmpetitrs in durability.
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞、形容詞(短語(yǔ))和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句子應(yīng)該是介紹當(dāng)前的情況,時(shí)態(tài)宜用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);主語(yǔ)“這款新發(fā)布的電子產(chǎn)品”可用名詞短語(yǔ)this newly released electrnic prduct,其中過(guò)去分詞released作修飾prduct的定語(yǔ),表被動(dòng),“比……差得多”可用形容詞短語(yǔ)be far inferir t,be動(dòng)詞用is,t的賓語(yǔ)“(它的)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手”可用名詞短語(yǔ)its cmpetitrs,狀語(yǔ)“在耐用性上”可用介詞短語(yǔ)in durability。故翻譯為T(mén)his newly released electrnic prduct is far inferir t its cmpetitrs in durability.
53. 無(wú)論最后結(jié)果如何, 我們團(tuán)隊(duì)仍然決心按時(shí)完成這個(gè)項(xiàng)目。(regardless)
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【答案】Regardless f the final result, ur team is still determined t finish the prject n time.
【解析】
【詳解】考查介詞短語(yǔ),形容詞和名詞。表示“無(wú)論如何”為介詞短語(yǔ)regardless f;表示“結(jié)果”為名詞result,故表示“無(wú)論最后結(jié)果如何”為regardless f the final result,為介詞短語(yǔ)在句中作狀語(yǔ),表示“決心做某事”為be determined t d sth,表示“按時(shí)完成這個(gè)項(xiàng)目”為finish the prject n time,敘述客觀(guān)事實(shí),時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故答案為Regardless f the final result, ur team is still determined t finish the prject n time.
54. 今年的國(guó)慶黃金周有一個(gè)愈發(fā)明顯的趨勢(shì), 消費(fèi)者注重體驗(yàn)但花銷(xiāo)更為謹(jǐn)慎。(emphasis)
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【答案】This year's Natinal Day Glden Week has seen an increasingly visible trend that cnsumers ?place emphasis n? experience but spend mre cautiusly.
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),名詞和從句。分析句子的結(jié)果可知,該句為同位語(yǔ)從句,主句為“今年的國(guó)慶黃金周有一個(gè)愈發(fā)明顯的趨勢(shì)”,表示“趨勢(shì)”為名詞trend,表示“愈發(fā)明顯的”為 increasingly visible,表示“有,見(jiàn)證”為動(dòng)詞see,故表示“今年的國(guó)慶黃金周有一個(gè)愈發(fā)明顯的趨勢(shì)”為T(mén)his year's Natinal Day Glden Week has seen an increasingly visible trend, 從句為“消費(fèi)者注重體驗(yàn)但花銷(xiāo)更為謹(jǐn)慎”表示“消費(fèi)者”為名詞custmer,表泛指為復(fù)數(shù)的形式;表示“注重”為動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)place emphasis n,為句子的謂語(yǔ),表示“謹(jǐn)慎地”為副詞cautiusly,作狀語(yǔ)修飾動(dòng)詞“花銷(xiāo)”spend,從句句意完整,應(yīng)用that引導(dǎo),敘述客觀(guān)事實(shí),時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故答案為T(mén)his year's Natinal Day Glden Week has seen an increasingly visible trend that cnsumers ?place emphasis n? experience but spend mre cautiusly.
55. 在為家庭奉獻(xiàn)了幾十年后,蘇敏獨(dú)自一人開(kāi)始長(zhǎng)達(dá)四年旅行,途中她不僅掌握了各種戶(hù)外生存技能,還成為了一個(gè)網(wǎng)紅。(dedicate)
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【答案】After Su Min dedicated t her family fr decades, she sets ff n a fur-year jurney alne, during which she nt nly masters utdr survival skills, but als becmes an Internet celebrity.
【解析】
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài),動(dòng)詞和定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子的結(jié)構(gòu)可知,該句為主從復(fù)合句,從句為“在為家庭奉獻(xiàn)了幾十年后”表示“在……之后”為after,表示“為……奉獻(xiàn)”為動(dòng)詞dedicate t,敘述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事,時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí),故為After Su Min dedicated t her family fr decades;表示“蘇敏獨(dú)自一人開(kāi)始長(zhǎng)達(dá)四年的旅行,途中她不僅掌握了各種戶(hù)外生存技能,還成為了一個(gè)網(wǎng)紅?!北硎尽伴_(kāi)始”為動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)set ff,為句子的謂語(yǔ),表示“四年的旅行”為句子的賓語(yǔ)a fur-year jurney,表示“途中她不僅掌握了各種戶(hù)外生存技能, 還成為了一個(gè)網(wǎng)紅”為非限制性的定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞為 jurney,表示“不但……而且……”為nt als...,故為during which she nt nly masters utdr survival skills, but als becmes an Internet celebrity,敘述客觀(guān)事實(shí),時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),故翻譯為After Su Min dedicated t her family fr decades, she sets ff n a fur-year jurney alne, during which she nt nly masters utdr survival skills, but als becmes an Internet celebrity.
D
(上海市向明中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期9月月考英語(yǔ)試卷)
52. 你越是關(guān)注負(fù)面情緒,就越難將注意力轉(zhuǎn)移到其他事情。(The mre…the mre )
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【答案】The mre yu fcus n negative emtins, the mre difficult it is t shift yur attentin t ther things.
【解析】
【詳解】考查比較級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)、動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)和時(shí)態(tài)。因句子表示的是一個(gè)客觀(guān)情況,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。表示“越…越…”應(yīng)用比較級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)The mre…the mre…;表示“關(guān)注”應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)fcus n;表示“負(fù)面情緒”應(yīng)用negative emtins;表示“將注意力轉(zhuǎn)移到其他事情”應(yīng)用shift yur attentin t ther things,其中shift表示“轉(zhuǎn)移”,t引導(dǎo)方向?!白瞿呈吕щy”用it is difficult t d。故翻譯為T(mén)he mre yu fcus n negative emtins, the mre difficult it is t shift yur attentin t ther things.
53. 中秋節(jié)吃象征團(tuán)圓和和諧的月餅是由來(lái)已久的傳統(tǒng)。(It)
____________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】It is a time-hnred traditin t eat mncakes at Mid-Autumn Festival whse symbl is reunin and harmny.
【解析】
【詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句、固定短語(yǔ)和時(shí)態(tài)。因句子表示的是一個(gè)客觀(guān)情況,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);表示“在中秋節(jié)”含義的表達(dá)為:at Mid-Autumn Festival;表示“象征”含義的表達(dá)為:symbl;表示“團(tuán)圓和和諧”含義的表達(dá)為:reunin and harmny;表示“由來(lái)已久的傳統(tǒng)”應(yīng)使用短語(yǔ)time-hnred traditin;表示“吃月餅”應(yīng)使用動(dòng)詞不定式t eat mncakes,因?yàn)檫@里描述的是一個(gè)動(dòng)作,即在中秋節(jié)做的特定行為;“象征團(tuán)圓和和諧”在句中作為定語(yǔ)從句修飾mncakes,因引導(dǎo)詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ),使用關(guān)系代詞whse引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句;“It d sth.”是固定句型,it 作形式主語(yǔ),真正的主語(yǔ)是后面的不定式短語(yǔ)。故翻譯為It is a time-hnred traditin t eat mncakes at Mid-Autumn Festival whse symbl is reunin and harmny。
54. 出于安全起見(jiàn),當(dāng)局堅(jiān)持要求游客在游覽觀(guān)光時(shí)不要偏離標(biāo)記的路徑。(sake)
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【答案】Fr the sake f safety, the authrities insist that turists shuld nt deviate frm the marked paths when sightseeing.
【解析】
【詳解】考查固定短語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)從句和時(shí)態(tài)。因句子表示的是一個(gè)客觀(guān)情況,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。表示“出于……起見(jiàn)”短語(yǔ)為fr the sake f;“當(dāng)局”可譯為the authrities;“堅(jiān)持要求”可用insist that,后面接賓語(yǔ)從句,用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,即(shuld) d;“偏離”可譯為deviate frm;“標(biāo)記的路徑”可譯為marked paths;“在游覽觀(guān)光時(shí)”可譯為 when sightseeing。故翻譯為Fr the sake f safety, the authrities insist that turists shuld nt deviate frm the marked paths when sightseeing.
55. 這個(gè)開(kāi)創(chuàng)性的發(fā)現(xiàn)注定會(huì)消除科學(xué)界對(duì)我們的偏見(jiàn),為進(jìn)一步提高燃料效能鋪就道路。 (bund)
____________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】This grundbreaking discvery is bund t dispel the biases in the scientific cmmunity and pave the way fr further imprvements in fuel efficiency.
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞、動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)和時(shí)態(tài)。表示“開(kāi)創(chuàng)性的”應(yīng)用形容詞grundbreaking;表示“注定會(huì)”應(yīng)用be bund t結(jié)構(gòu),其中bund是形容詞,表示“一定會(huì),注定會(huì)”,因句子表示的是一個(gè)客觀(guān)情況,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);表示“消除偏見(jiàn)”應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)dispel the biases;表示“鋪就道路”應(yīng)用固定短語(yǔ)pave the way fr;表示“進(jìn)一步提高燃料效能”應(yīng)用fr further imprvements in fuel efficiency。故翻譯為T(mén)his grundbreaking discvery is bund t dispel the biases in the scientific cmmunity and pave the way fr further imprvements in fuel efficiency.

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這是一份概要、翻譯、作文套餐練02 -高考英語(yǔ)二輪熱點(diǎn)題型歸納與變式演練(上海專(zhuān)用),文件包含概要翻譯作文套餐練02解析版docx、概要翻譯作文套餐練02原題版docx等2份試卷配套教學(xué)資源,其中試卷共7頁(yè), 歡迎下載使用。

概要、翻譯、作文套餐練01 -高考英語(yǔ)二輪熱點(diǎn)題型歸納與變式演練(上海專(zhuān)用):

這是一份概要、翻譯、作文套餐練01 -高考英語(yǔ)二輪熱點(diǎn)題型歸納與變式演練(上海專(zhuān)用),文件包含概要翻譯作文套餐練01解析版docx、概要翻譯作文套餐練01原題版docx等2份試卷配套教學(xué)資源,其中試卷共7頁(yè), 歡迎下載使用。

英語(yǔ)朗讀寶

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專(zhuān)題25 句子翻譯(下)-高考英語(yǔ)二輪熱點(diǎn)題型歸納與變式演練(上海專(zhuān)用)

專(zhuān)題25 句子翻譯(下)-高考英語(yǔ)二輪熱點(diǎn)題型歸納與變式演練(上海專(zhuān)用)

專(zhuān)題24 句子翻譯(中)-高考英語(yǔ)二輪熱點(diǎn)題型歸納與變式演練(上海專(zhuān)用)

專(zhuān)題24 句子翻譯(中)-高考英語(yǔ)二輪熱點(diǎn)題型歸納與變式演練(上海專(zhuān)用)

專(zhuān)題05  完形填空(下)-高考英語(yǔ)二輪熱點(diǎn)題型歸納與變式演練(上海專(zhuān)用)

專(zhuān)題05 完形填空(下)-高考英語(yǔ)二輪熱點(diǎn)題型歸納與變式演練(上海專(zhuān)用)

專(zhuān)題04  完形填空(上)-高考英語(yǔ)二輪熱點(diǎn)題型歸納與變式演練(上海專(zhuān)用)

專(zhuān)題04 完形填空(上)-高考英語(yǔ)二輪熱點(diǎn)題型歸納與變式演練(上海專(zhuān)用)

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