目錄
TOC \ "1-3" \h \z \u \l "_Tc148898652" 題型綜述2
\l "_Tc148898652" 解題攻略3
\l "_Tc148898657" 高考練場7
\l "_Tc148898657" 變式演練13
（一）題型解讀
1. 題型特點
文本類型：議論文通常圍繞某一觀點或現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行討論，包含論點、論據(jù)和結(jié)論。
字?jǐn)?shù)要求：要求考生在60詞以內(nèi)完成概要寫作。
考查能力：主要考查考生對文章主旨的把握能力、信息提取能力以及用簡潔語言表達(dá)的能力。
2. 常見主題
觀點對比類：討論正反兩方面的觀點。
問題解決類：提出問題并分析解決方法。
道理/觀點論證類：論證某一觀點的正確性。
說明利弊類：分析某一事物的優(yōu)缺點。
（二）寫作步驟與技巧
1. 通讀全文，梳理結(jié)構(gòu)
略讀：快速瀏覽文章，明確文章的主旨和結(jié)構(gòu)。
劃分段落：根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)，劃分出不同部分，找出每段的中心句。
2. 提煉要點，去次留精
提取關(guān)鍵信息：提取每段的中心思想和主要支持點，忽略細(xì)節(jié)。
關(guān)鍵詞匯：關(guān)注文章中的關(guān)鍵詞匯，幫助概括主要內(nèi)容。
對立觀點：如果文章中有不同觀點，兩種觀點都要概括，不能遺漏任何一方。
3. 組織語言，簡潔表達(dá)
使用簡單句：盡量使用簡單句和短句，避免復(fù)雜句式。
合理轉(zhuǎn)換表達(dá)：用同義詞或短語替換原文中的關(guān)鍵詞，但要保持原意。
連貫性：使用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞（如“and”“but”“then”等）使內(nèi)容連貫。
4. 檢查核對，確保準(zhǔn)確
核對要點：檢查是否遺漏了關(guān)鍵信息。
語法檢查：確保句子結(jié)構(gòu)正確，時態(tài)一致。
字?jǐn)?shù)控制：嚴(yán)格控制在60字左右。
（三）模板及句型
1. 常用模板
觀點對比類：
The article discusses the prs and cns f [主題]，arguing that [觀點1]，while [觀點2] 。
問題解決類：
The article addresses the issue f [問題]，analyzing its causes and prpsing slutins such as [解決方法1] and [解決方法2] 。
道理/觀點論證類：
The article argues that [觀點]，supprting this claim with evidence frm [論據(jù)1] and [論據(jù)2] 。
說明利弊類：
The article examines the advantages and disadvantages f [主題]，highlighting [優(yōu)勢] and [劣勢] 。
描述現(xiàn)象：
The article highlights the issue f [現(xiàn)象]，which has [影響] 。
分析原因：
The main reasns fr [現(xiàn)象] include [原因1] and [原因2] 。
提出建議：
T address [問題]，the authr suggests [建議] 。
2. 常用句型
提出論點：
The authr hlds the view that...（作者認(rèn)為……）
It is argued in the article that...（文章中主張……）
列舉論據(jù)：
Fr example/instance,...（例如……）
Accrding t the statistics,...（根據(jù)統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)……）
As is stated by...（正如…… 所說）
體現(xiàn)邏輯關(guān)系：
On ne hand... On the ther hand...（一方面…… 另一方面……）
Nt nly... but als...（不但…… 而且……）
By cntrast,...（相比之下……）
總結(jié)強(qiáng)調(diào)：
All in all,...（總而言之……）
T sum up,...（總之……）
In shrt,...（簡言之……）


議論文（Argumentatin）：找出議論文的三要素，即論點、論據(jù)和結(jié)論。其關(guān)鍵是找出主題句或結(jié)論句。而這種文章的整體結(jié)構(gòu)多數(shù)為總分結(jié)構(gòu)、分總結(jié)構(gòu)、平行結(jié)構(gòu)等。因此，我們通常在首段或尾段，或者在各段的首句或尾句找論點。若文中有一分為二(即對立觀點)的觀點，兩種觀點都要概括，不要漏掉其中一方的觀點。
議論文概要寫作模板
pinin / idea + argument (supprting ideas / reasns)
(上海市復(fù)旦大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中考試英語試題)
Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize in n mre than 60 wrds the main idea and the main pint(s) f the passage. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
The Silent Crridr Debate
At a secndary schl in Lndn, a new rule requires students t remain silent in the crridrs between classes, aiming t create a quieter, mre disciplined envirnment. The schl believes that minimizing nise during transitin times helps students maintain fcus and encurages a sense f rder, ultimately leading t better academic perfrmance. Hwever, this rule has received mixed reactins.
Supprters f the rule argue that silence in the crridrs can significantly reduce distractins. Nise frm talking students can carry int classrms, particularly in pen-plan layuts, disturbing thse wh are already fcused n their wrk. By enfrcing quiet crridrs, the schl hpes t prmte an envirnment where students can stay calm and fcused thrughut the day. Mrever, prpnents argue that this plicy teaches students valuable skills such as self-discipline and respect fr rules, which are beneficial nt nly in schl but als in their future prfessinal and persnal lives.
On the ther hand, critics believe that banning students frm talking in the crridrs is verly restrictive and can have negative effects n their scial develpment. They argue that schl is nt just a place fr academic learning but als an envirnment where students develp scial skills. Brief cnversatins in the crridrs ffer students a chance t cnnect with their peers, share ideas, and even seek help with subjects they find challenging. Critics wrry that rigid silence plicies make schls feel t cntrlled, ptentially dampening students’ enthusiasm and turning the learning envirnment int smething that feels mre like a prisn than a place f grwth and discvery.
This debate raises a larger questin abut discipline in schls: shuld they enfrce strict rules fr silence t imprve fcus, r allw sme scial interactin, even if it means mre nise? Finding the right balance is challenging. In the end, each schl may decide based n its gals and values, weighing the benefits f quiet fcus against the imprtance f scial cnnectins and student well- being.
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【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。文章介紹說，倫敦一所中學(xué)實施了課間走廊保持安靜的規(guī)定。支持者聲稱，它可以減少分心，提高紀(jì)律和學(xué)習(xí)技能。然而，批評者認(rèn)為它過度限制了對學(xué)生發(fā)展至關(guān)重要的社會互動。找到適當(dāng)平衡的任務(wù)確實很困難。
解題步驟
第一步：讀懂原文，明確篇章結(jié)構(gòu)
本文的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)為“總—分—總”式：
第1段：介紹倫敦一所中學(xué)的新規(guī)定——走廊靜默規(guī)則，旨在營造更安靜、更有紀(jì)律的環(huán)境。
第2段：支持者認(rèn)為靜默規(guī)則可以減少干擾，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生自律和尊重規(guī)則的能力。
第3段：反對者認(rèn)為靜默規(guī)則過于限制學(xué)生，可能對他們的社交發(fā)展產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響。
第4段：總結(jié)這場辯論，并提出關(guān)于學(xué)校紀(jì)律的更廣泛問題。
第二步：去次留精，提煉關(guān)鍵信息
第三步：歸納要點，合理轉(zhuǎn)換表達(dá)
第1段：A Lndn schl intrduced a rule requiring silence in crridrs t create a disciplined envirnment.
（倫敦一所學(xué)校引入靜默規(guī)則，旨在營造有紀(jì)律的環(huán)境。）
第2段：Supprters say silence reduces distractins and teaches self-discipline and respect.
（支持者認(rèn)為靜默可以減少干擾，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生自律和尊重規(guī)則的能力。）
第3段：Critics argue that banning talking is verly restrictive and hampers scial develpment.
（反對者認(rèn)為禁止交談過于限制學(xué)生，可能阻礙社交發(fā)展。）
第4段：The debate highlights the challenge f balancing quiet fcus with scial interactin.
（這場辯論凸顯了在安靜專注與社交互動之間尋求平衡的挑戰(zhàn)。）
第四步：句式多樣，注意過渡銜接
使用“On the ther hand”表達(dá)對比。
使用“argue that”引出觀點。
使用“weighing”表達(dá)權(quán)衡。
概要寫作答案（60詞左右）
A Lndn schl intrduced a rule requiring silence in crridrs t create a disciplined envirnment. Supprters say silence reduces distractins and teaches self-discipline and respect. Critics argue that banning talking is verly restrictive and hampers scial develpment. The debate highlights the challenge f balancing quiet fcus with scial interactin.
A secndary schl in Lndn has implemented a rule f silence in crridrs between classes. Supprters assert that it reduces distractins and prmtes discipline and skills. Hwever, critics cntend that it verly restricts scial interactin, which is crucial fr students’ develpment. The task f finding the apprpriate balance is indeed difficult.
（一）
【上海市建平中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期中考試英語試卷】
Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
Is an “expeditin” better than a hliday?
Expeditins used t be the preserve f prfessinals: scientists, academics and explrers setting ff fr parts unknwn with the gal f furthering the field f human knwledge. An emerging industry f expeditin turism, hwever, is laying pen the thrill f discvery t the general public. Turs are increasingly being accmpanied by experts in their respective fields, wh lead visits t cnservatin areas, histrical sites, r scientific institutins, ffering in-depth explanatins f what guests are experiencing.
There’s ne key factr that’s driving peple’s desire t travel: the spirit f scientific research. Kevin Currie, directr f New Scientist Discvery Turs (NSDT), added that peple n lnger just want t sit n a beach and that there is nw a greater desire fr self-fulfillment. He explained his cmpany had launched in June 2019, during a time when experiential turs were grwing at twice the rate f nrmal turism, and that this trend had resumed after the pandemic.
Many f the new breed f expeditin turs extend the scpe f the trip beynd mere turism. Yet all f them raise the questin: hw valuable can a turist truly be t scientific research?
Currie is dubtful abut the usefulness f citizen science activities being ffered as part f an expeditin tur, stating scientific research is a serius endeavr and shuld nt be treated causally. Other experts have expressed cncerns that sme expeditin turs may be causing mre damage t the envirnment than they are able t help reslve. Sme experts, hwever, are ptimistic abut the citizen science turism. When dne right, this turism can nt nly gather useful data, but can empwer participants t take further actin, which psitively impacts cnservatin ging frward.
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（二）
【【來源】上海市松江區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量監(jiān)控英語試卷】
Why Shuld We Read Literary Classics?
Many have grwn up n a healthy diet f literary classics. Sme literary classics have been inspiring readers in many ways. In this age f fast-turners, hw des investing ur time in a timeless literary classic change us fr the better?
Many literary classics frm yesteryear, which gt little r n success when published, are cnsidered invaluable. These bks ffer a windw thrugh which we can experience histries rted in different cultures. One can always ask, “But we can d s by reading ur histry bks t. Why d we need t read classics?” The simple answer is that these literary classics are nt just a retelling f histry. They allw us t have a mre individualized experience, where they shw us ther ways t lk at histry.
It is cmmn knwledge that reading as a habit helps us imprve ur cmmand f the language. But literary classics have an edge: the enriching writing style is smething that sets them apart. Fascinated with the amazing wrding and phrasing, we’ll surely pause and wnder abut what we read. Fr instance, when we read Shakespeare, we naturally begin t cnsider hw t better express ur ideas just like his far-reaching “Have mre than yu shw; speak less than yu knw.”
One mre benefit is that after reading classics, we wn’t see nn-classics as just ther stries: we’ll becme interested in them. Maybe we’ll realize that sme details we ignred last time are actually wrth appreciating, r we’ll discver literary devices that bring a whle new meaning t the stry. Literary classics ffer us mre perspectives t dig deep and enhance ur ability t think and reasn, which will inevitably spill ver int ur reading f ther wrks. We finally fall in lve with nn-classics as well.
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（三）
【上海市上海師范大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)閔行分校2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期英語月考試卷】
Hw t make reslutins stick
Hw are thse New Year’s reslutins ging? If yu’re persisting, gd fr yu. Many peple d nt. Given that the real challenge seems t be nt making reslutins, but keeping them, I wuld like t understand mre abut that challenge.
There is a revealing stry at the end f Hw t Change in which Milkman and her clleague Angela Duckwrth discuss the success f a large experiment. This experiment was run with a natinal gym chain and aimed t get peple exercising mre. Had it been a success? While the experimental persuasins were demnstrably effective at getting peple t g t the gym during the fur- week experimental perid, they were far less effective at getting peple t maintain their gym- ging habit. If yu hpe fr persistent results, ne pssible answer is persistent persuasin.
There are ther appraches. David Epstein, fr example, had been struggling t quit his late- night snacking habit. When mving huse, he simply decided that he wuld leave the ld habit in the ld huse. This apprach, he writes, was cmpletely successful. Epstein als made a clear plan, smething that is ften missing frm reslutins. Yur reslutins t exercise mre? Great! Where and hw will yu exercise, and when will yu d it? It is better t sign up fr a particular exercise class than fr a generic gym membership, because yu’ re frced t be specific abut hw yu will achieve yur gal.
Anther idea that has stuck in my mind is that ur actins are influenced bth by driving frces and by restraints -the acceleratr (加速器) and the brake, if yu like. When we want t mve, we instinctively stamp harder n the acceleratr, but we ften get better results frm releasing the brake. If yu’re thinking f embracing a new reslutin, ask yurself, “Why haven’t I been ding this already? What has been stpping me?” Answer thse questins, and yu might learn smething that will help make yur new reslutin stick.
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A
（2025年閔行一模）
Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint（s） f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
Enjy Small Treats withut Guilt
In tday's fast-paced wrld, it's easy t feel guilty abut taking time fr urselves. Whether it's treating urselves t a sweet treat, watching an episde f ur favrite TV shw, r buying smething we dn't really need, we ften assciate these “guilty pleasures” with negative feelings. But what if we stpped feeling guilty? What if we enjyed these small treats as part f ur self- care rutine?
Life is all abut balance. We wrk hard and manage respnsibilities but we smetimes frget t take care f ur mental well-being. Small pleasures, when dne mindfully, can actually cntribute t a healthier and mre balanced life. They prvide us with a chance t relax, recharge, and enjy life's little mments.
There's a difference between self-care and verding it. Self-care is abut ding things that restre us; while ging t far can lead t negative cnsequences. The key is mderatin. Fr example, treating yurself t a chclate bar after a lng week isn't a prblem — it's a frm f self-care, a small act f kindness t yurself. But if we d this every day and it gets ut f hand. then it might lead t guilt r ther issues.
Guilt is a majr barrier t enjying small treats. We ften feel as thugh we dn't deserve a treat, r that we shuld always be wrking tward smething bigger. But taking time t enjy life is nt a luxury—it's necessary. Accepting guilty pleasures withut guilt can actually imprve ur prductivity and mental health. A relaxed and happy mind is far mre effective than ne filled with stress.
S next time yu feel tempted t treat yurself, remember that it's kay. Life is t shrt nt t enjy the little things—— s g ahead and embrace yur guilty pleasures. Yu deserve it!
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B
（2025年青浦一模）
Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
51.
The Tchaikvsky Cure fr Wrry
The 19th-century Russian cmpser Tchaikvsky was nt a happy man. In his 5,365 letters t friends and family, we find cnstant references t his sadness and anxiety. He had just ne, temprary pain reliever fr his misery: “… a new idea awakens in me and begins t assume a definite frm.”
Tchaikvsky’s experience is nt abnrmal. Mdern research in neurscience (神經(jīng)科學(xué)) and psychlgy reveals that active engagement in creative pursuits is an effective way t gain relief frm negative emtins and see the wrld in a much mre psitive way. At a time when md disrders are explding and less than a third f U.S. adults believe that they are living up t their creative ptential, this might be the simplest, easiest, and mst natural way fr anyne t imprve their life.
Neurscientific research ffers explanatins f hw creativity might lwer negative emtin, and anxiety in particular. In a fascinating 2015 study, neurscientists bserved peple as they wrte petry. They fund that during the idea-generatin phase f writing, the medial prefrntal crtex (前額葉內(nèi)側(cè)皮層) is especially active. This is the same part f the brain that is activated during meditatin (an activity in which peple sit still and fcus n their thughts), which suggests that creative activity might have sme f the same effects n stress as meditatinal exercises d — thus why sme anxius peple rutinely use it t treat themselves.
Yet, s many different creative utlets exist that the task f finding ne that fits yur persnality and tastes can be scary. One methd I like t suggest, t help peple find the ideal activity fr them, is t start by categrizing creative pursuits as public r private and inventive r interpretive. All yu need is t knw yur persnality type and yur preference. Outging peple wh prefer t interpret the wrks f thers can try theater r classical music; peple wh are shy might prefer studying petry.
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C
（上海市行知中學(xué)校2024年階段練習(xí)）
Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize in n mre than 60 wrds the main idea f the passage and hw it is illustrated. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
Envy
It’s a familiar but uncmfrtable feeling. Yur best friend will marry a handsme dctr, and the cngratulatry hug yu ffer lacks genuine warmth. Yur friend is made the team fr Saturday’s big game, and yu take a certain pleasure in telling him yu can’t be there t watch him play. Yu smile but a vice in yur head asks, why them and nt yu?
Envy is a shrtcming f character we like t keep in ur heart secretly. Hw shameful is it nt t be lking frward with delight t yur day as yur best friend’s bridesmaid! Wh wuld hpe yur friend might suffer sme injury, s yu can take his place n the team?
Envy is everywhere. It seems t be in ur nature t hate thers’ gifts and gd frtune, especially if we see them as advantages they shuldn’t have.
Envy raises its ugly head when we fcus n what we want but we dn’t pssess nw. Wrse still, we may even wish fr and take pleasure in smene’s lsing what we have always desired. When yu cmpare yurself and yur life unfavrably with yur friend r yur clleague, yu can nly keep yur darker emtins.
S, is there a slutin? Is there anything yu can d t get rid f this mst ungenerus emtin? Well, why nt make envy the mtivatin yu need fr self-imprvement? The best weapn against envy is nt t cmpete where yu can’t shine, but t d yur abslute best where yu can.
Start by making peace with yurself, and accept the gifts which make yu unique. Make an agreement with yurself t be the best yu can be. Then find the qualities in thers that cause yur envy. Is it smene’s singing vice, their wrk prmtin, their new car? Envy shws us the things we’d like t have. S, make a plan t earn what’s imprtant t yu.
And aim fr genuine pleasure in the achievements and gd frtune f thers. Cheer n yur friend when he scres that gal. Enjy yur best friend’s wedding day. Then g ut and d smething special, and make yurself wnderfully prud f yu.
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段落
關(guān)鍵詞
1.背景
①Lndn schl，silent crridrs，disciplined envirnment
2.支持者觀點
②reduce distractins，self-discipline，respect fr rules
3.反對者觀點
③verly restrictive，scial develpment，scial skills，enthusiasm
4.總結(jié)
④debate，balance，quiet fcus，scial cnnectins

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概要、翻譯、作文套餐練01 -高考英語二輪熱點題型歸納與變式演練（上海專用）：

這是一份概要、翻譯、作文套餐練01 -高考英語二輪熱點題型歸納與變式演練（上海專用），文件包含概要翻譯作文套餐練01解析版docx、概要翻譯作文套餐練01原題版docx等2份試卷配套教學(xué)資源，其中試卷共7頁， 歡迎下載使用。

英語朗讀寶

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專題22 概要寫作之實驗研究報告 -高考英語二輪熱點題型歸納與變式演練（上海專用）
專題20 概要寫作之說明文 -高考英語二輪熱點題型歸納與變式演練（上海專用）

專題20 概要寫作之說明文 -高考英語二輪熱點題型歸納與變式演練（上海專用）
專題19 概要寫作之記敘文 -高考英語二輪熱點題型歸納與變式演練（上海專用）

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