III. Summary Writing
Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
【來源】上海市華東師范大學(xué)第二附屬中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期10月月考英語試卷
The idea f humans making a new hme n Mars is mind-bending enugh n the surface. What's even wilder is that human clnizatin f the Red Planet's harsh and extic atmsphere — if we can achieve it — might accelerate ur species' evlutin. "Given hw different the Martian envirnment is, yu'd expect strng natural selectin," says Sctt Slmn, an evlutinary bilgist at Rice University in Hustn.
Mars sits abut 34 millin miles away frm Earth, and Earthlings still face plenty f bstacles befre we even reach it. But if we d (smehw) get t Mars and establish a clny f permanent residents, factrs like cmparatively higher radiatin, lwer gravity and a vast change in lifestyle culd prmpt significant evlutinary changes in ur bdies-much mre quickly than thse that have transpired n ur hme planet.
There is a determining factr in this ptential shift, which wuld vastly influence hw rapidly humans wuld adapt t new cnditin. If humans mved back and frth between Earth and Mars as ften as every generatin r tw, new intrductin f Earth-brn human genes might lw the effects f certain genetic mutatins (基因突變). By cntrast, remaining n a Martian clny fr lnger stretches culd quicken that change.
Mre tense radiatin n Mars culd prvke elevated rates f genetic mutatins in humans brn there. And any favrable mutatins that help humans better cpe with cnditins n Mars may be inherited by future generatins.
Survival f the fittest is a key cncept in evlutin. But based n majr advances in gene-editing tls like CRISPR, it's pssible that humans n Mars may nt need t leave evlutin up t nature. Slmn says we currently have the tls t help supprt ptential Mars residents." It culd ptentially be a pwerful tl t make changes s peple culd survive and be appted t the Martain envirnment," Slmn says.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The passage discusses the ptential fr human evlutin t accelerate n Mars due t its harsh envirnment. Factrs like higher radiatin and lwer gravity culd cause significant genetic changes, especially if humans remain n Mars fr extended perids withut returning t Earth. Advances in gene-editing technlgy might als play a rle in helping humans adapt t Martian cnditins.
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章討論了人類在火星上定居可能導(dǎo)致進(jìn)化加速的可能性。文章指出，火星的高輻射、低重力和生活方式的巨大變化等因素可能會(huì)引起人類顯著的遺傳變化。如果人類在火星上停留時(shí)間較長而不頻繁往返地球，這些進(jìn)化變化可能會(huì)更加明顯。此外，基因編輯技術(shù)的進(jìn)步也可能幫助人類適應(yīng)火星環(huán)境。
【詳解】要點(diǎn)摘錄
① The harsh Martian envirnment culd accelerate human evlutin.
② Factrs like higher radiatin and lwer gravity culd cause significant genetic changes.
③ Prlnged stays n Mars may enhance evlutinary changes mre than frequent Earth-Mars travel.
④ Advances in gene-editing technlgy culd help humans adapt t Martian cnditins.
縝密構(gòu)思
將第①和②個(gè)要點(diǎn)結(jié)合，闡述火星環(huán)境對(duì)人類進(jìn)化的潛在影響；將第③個(gè)要點(diǎn)單獨(dú)呈現(xiàn)，強(qiáng)調(diào)長時(shí)間停留在火星上的重要性；最后，將第④個(gè)要點(diǎn)作為補(bǔ)充，介紹基因編輯技術(shù)的作用。
遣詞造句
The passage explres the ptential acceleratin f human evlutin n Mars due t its extreme envirnmental cnditins. Key factrs include increased radiatin, reduced gravity, and lifestyle changes, which culd lead t significant genetic mutatins. Prlnged stays n Mars, as ppsed t frequent Earth-Mars travel, may enhance these evlutinary changes. Additinally, advancements in gene-editing technlgies culd aid in human adaptatin t Mars.
【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】The passage explres the ptential acceleratin f human evlutin n Mars due t its extreme envirnmental cnditins. 使用介詞短語做狀語。
【高分句型2 】Key factrs include increased radiatin, reduced gravity, and lifestyle changes, which culd lead t significant genetic mutatins.使用了which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，先行詞為Key factrs。
IV. Translatin
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrd given in the brackets.
1．國產(chǎn)品牌正在不遺余力地爭(zhēng)取更大的市場(chǎng)份額。(share)(漢譯英)

【答案】Dmestic brands are sparing n effrts t gain a larger market share.
【詳解】考查名詞短語、動(dòng)詞短語和時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意以及句子的提示詞可知，表示“國產(chǎn)品牌”應(yīng)為名詞短語Dmestic brands；表示“不遺余力做某事”應(yīng)為動(dòng)詞短語spare n effrts t d；表示“爭(zhēng)取更大的市場(chǎng)份額”應(yīng)為動(dòng)詞短語gain a larger market share；結(jié)合句意可知，該句應(yīng)為陳述正在發(fā)生的事情，為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。故翻譯為：Dmestic brands are sparing n effrts t gain a larger market share.
2．你接觸的原版小說越多，對(duì)英美文化的了解就越深。(expse) (漢譯英)

【答案】The mre riginal nvels yu are expsed t, the deeper understanding yu’ll have f the British and American culture.
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語、形容詞、名詞和固定句型?？捎霉潭ň湫蛅he mre…, the mre…表示“越……，就越……”，前一句為條件狀語從句，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來，后一句為主句，時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用一般將來時(shí)；從句中主語“你”用代詞yu，“接觸”可用動(dòng)詞短語expse sb. t sth.的被動(dòng)形式be expsed t，be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用are，“原版小說”應(yīng)用名詞短語riginal nvels；主句中隱含的主語“你”用代詞yu，“對(duì)……有深入了解”可用動(dòng)詞短語have a deep understanding f，“英美文化”應(yīng)用名詞短語the British and American culture。故可譯為：The mre riginal nvels yu are expsed t, the deeper understanding yu’ll have f the British and American culture.
3．自發(fā)行以來，這款游戲席卷了游戲界，三天內(nèi)在所有平臺(tái)上售出了超過1000萬份。(release) （漢譯英）

【答案】Since its release, this game has swept the gaming industry, selling mre than 10 millin cpies n all platfrms within three days.
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)與固定表達(dá)。表示“自發(fā)行以來”用since its release，其為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)時(shí)間標(biāo)志；“席卷了游戲界”用短語sweep the gaming industry；表示“三天內(nèi)”用within three days；表示“售出了超過1000萬份給……”用sell mre than 10 millin cpies，此處使用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語；表示“所有的平臺(tái)”用all platfrms。故翻譯Since its release, this game has swept the gaming industry, selling mre than 10 millin cpies n all platfrms within three days.
4．盡管新興品牌不斷涌現(xiàn)，但這個(gè)老字號(hào)以其卓越的產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量，成功地避免被市場(chǎng)淘汰。 (emerge) (漢譯英)

【答案】Althugh emerging brands keep emerging, this time-hnred brand has managed t avid being eliminated frm the market with its utstanding prduct quality.
【詳解】考查短語、時(shí)態(tài)、非謂語動(dòng)詞和狀語從句?！氨M管”用連詞althugh，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句；“新興品牌”翻譯為emerging brand；“不斷做某事”用短語keep ding sth.；“老字號(hào)”翻譯為time-hnred brand；“成功地做某事”用短語manage t d sth.；“避免做某事”用短語avid ding sth.；“被淘汰”用短語be eliminated frm；“以其卓越的產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量”翻譯為with its utstanding prduct quality。根據(jù)句意，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故翻譯為Althugh emerging brands keep emerging, this time-hnred brand has managed t avid being eliminated frm the market with its utstanding prduct quality.
V. Guided Writing
【來源】上海市向明中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期9月月考英語試卷
Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120-150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
假設(shè)你是明啟中學(xué)的高三學(xué)生李敏，學(xué)校正在計(jì)劃面向高三開設(shè)一場(chǎng)講座，具體信息如下。請(qǐng)寫一封電子郵件給學(xué)校老師，比較兩場(chǎng)講座的差異，說明你的選擇，并簡(jiǎn)要說明理由。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear teachers,
I am a student in senir three in Shanghai Mingqi Schl. Knwing that yu are planning t have a lecture, I’d like t give my pinins.
There exist tw lectures fr us students t chse and ne is themed n English Test Skills and the ther ne is fcus n Yga and Relaxatin. The ne themed n English Test Skills lasts 90 minutes, students can watch it this Saturday evening at hme. It is given nline withut peratin and practice, and can be recrded fr watching again. The ne fcusing n Yga and Relaxatin lasts 120 minutes, which is delivered this Friday afternn in schl stadium. It is ffline cmbining lectures and practices, but it can’t be recrded fr later watching.
As fr me, I wuld like t chse the ne related t English Test Skills, the reasn fr which is that it is s flexible that I can watch it at my wn hme and I can als chse t watch the recrded ne if I wasn’t available this Saturday evening.
Yur student,
Li Min
【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達(dá)為一篇應(yīng)用文。要求學(xué)生針對(duì)學(xué)校計(jì)劃開設(shè)的一場(chǎng)講座，寫一封電子郵件給學(xué)校老師，比較兩場(chǎng)講座的差異，并說明你的選擇。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累：
觀點(diǎn)：pinins →viewpint/perspective
演講：lecture →speech
與……有關(guān)：related t →relevant t
空閑的：available →free
2.句式拓展：
原句：There exist tw lectures fr us students t chse and ne is themed n English Test Skills and the ther ne is fcus n Yga and Relaxatin.
拓展句：There exist tw lectures fr us students t chse, ne f which is themed n English Test Skills and the ther ne f which is fcus n Yga and Relaxatin.
【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】
Knwing that yu are planning t have a lecture, I’d like t give my pinins.(運(yùn)用了現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。)
【高分句型2】
The ne fcusing n Yga and Relaxatin lasts 120 minutes, which is delivered this Friday afternn in schl stadium.(運(yùn)用了現(xiàn)在分詞作定語和which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。)
主題
English Test Skills
Yga and Relaxatin
時(shí)長
90分鐘
120分鐘
時(shí)間
周六晚上
周五下午
地點(diǎn)
學(xué)生家中
學(xué)校體育館
形式
? 在線講授(無操練)
? 可錄播回放
? 線下講練結(jié)合
? 不可錄播回放

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