目錄
TOC \ "1-3" \h \z \u \l "_Tc148898652" 題型綜述2
\l "_Tc148898652" 解題攻略2
考點01 三大從 \l "_Tc148898656" 句3
考點02 并列 \l "_Tc148898656" 句8
\l "_Tc151448955" 考點03 特殊句式9
考點04 冠、介、代及 \l "_Tc148898656" 其它12
\l "_Tc148898657" 高考練場 PAGEREF _Tc148898657 \h 16
題型01 單句語法填空 \l "_Tc148898656" 16
題型 \l "_Tc151448955" 02 變式訓練21
語法填空題將語法知識的考查融千一篇英語短文中，通過設置純空格題填空和給詞填空兩種形式來表
現(xiàn)，突出考查了學生通過語境運用語法知識的能力，更能客觀，準確地考察學生的語法知識水平?？疾樾问桨ㄓ刑崾驹~(4~5個)和無提示詞(5~6 個)兩種。有提示詞的考向主要有:名詞的單復數(shù)、謂語動詞的時態(tài)，語態(tài)和主謂一致以及非謂語動詞、形容詞/副詞的級別等;無提示詞的考向主要有;介詞、冠詞、連接詞、代詞等;且每空只能填一個單詞。
兩個空和三個空的填法
考點01 三大從句
【考點詮釋】
英語中，三大從句是指名詞性從句、形容詞性從句和副詞性從句。名詞性從句包括：主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。從近幾年高考語法填空題來看，幾種從句都有涉及，尤以主語從句和同位語從句居多。形容詞性從句就是定語從句，它包括限制性和非限制性定語從句兩種。非限制性定語從句考查較多，尤其是which引導的非限制性定語從句。副詞性從句就是狀語從句，總計有九種。主要考查時間狀語從句、讓步狀語從句、原因狀語從句、目的狀語從句。
三大從句考查重點(描紅)


若兩句之間沒有連詞，也沒有分號或句號，一般填從屬連詞。
定語從句: 關代：that, which, wh, whm, whse, as; 關副：when, where, why
名詞性從句: 從屬連詞：that, if/whether, because, as if; 關代：what, wh, whm, whse, which, whatever, whever, whmever, whichever; 關副：when, where, hw, why, whenever, wherever, hwever
狀語從句: 時間when, while, as, befre, after, every/each time, as sn as, the mment/minute, hardly…when, n sner…than, since, nce, until； 地點where, wherever； 原因because, as, since, nw that； 目的in rder that, s that, in case, fr fear that； 結果s that, s/such…that； 比較than, as…as, the mre…the mre…； 讓步althugh, thugh, even if/thugh, while, as, n matter what/ wh/when…, whatever…., whether…r； 方式as, as if/thugh； 條件if, unless, as lng as…
強調(diào)句：It
1．All the mistakes I ever made in my life were I wanted t say “N” and said “Yes”.
2．That preserved histric village cnnected t dwntwn by a highway is many ffice wrkers spend their weekends.
3．The pwer f AI lies exactly in is ften cnsidered as its weakness. （用適當?shù)脑~填空）
4．Talk t her and decide this friendship is still imprtant t yu. (用適當?shù)脑~填空填空)
5．The new by lked at the teacher fr a few secnds and all the ther students wndered the by wuld d.
6．This painting is splendid, but we actually need it is a different matter.
7．The decisin was made we shuld have sme schl trips this term. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
8．When they clsed their League ffices, that was a sign they cared n lnger abut Mr Wilsn’s presence. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
9．While they are rare nrth f 88°, there is evidence they range all the way acrss the Arctic, and as far suth as James Bay in Canada.
10．Being a gd listener is a kind f quality, which is it takes t keep friendship. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
11．In a sciety being thin is ften seen as beautiful, teenagers smetimes turn t extreme methds t slim dwn quickly. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
12．The nuclear waste discharge is nw the majr reasn envirnmentalists feel wrried abut the future f marine creatures. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
13．The lng-awaited TV series title is Blssms Shanghai was released in tw versins — Mandarin (普通話) and the Shanghai dialect—n Dec 27, quickly saring as ne f the mst ppular dramas during the New Year’s perid. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
14．There’s enugh space at Shanghai t receive this huge shipment, mst f cnsists f cal, steel and machinery. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
15．This is Mr Green, with help I’ve made great prgress in English. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
16．“Yu needn’t try it yu dn’t want t, ”Mum said. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
17．Just a single wrd can change the meaning f a sentence, a single sentence can change the meaning f a paragraph. （用適當?shù)脑~填空）
18．Nevertheless, it will take sme years mst hmes begin t use this new technlgy. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
19． the regin has plenty f rain, the sil here is nt fertile. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
20．Such an hnest persn is he yu can turn t him when yu are in truble. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
考點02 并列句
【考點詮釋】
并列句是由兩個或兩個以上并列而又獨立的簡單句構成的。這些簡單句常由并列連詞連在一起。并列連詞所連接的簡單句被稱為分句。
并列句：看兩個句子間的邏輯關系來判斷。如：并列、因果、選擇、轉折、對比。
1．Muscle cells need lts f fuel therefre burn lts f calries. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
2．The majrity f attempts t climb Qmlangma result either in ttal success failure.
3．Yu enter a strange middle grund—n lnger a small child nt quite an adult. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
4．The teacher tld us that when there are difficulties, we shuld vercme them spare n effrts t stick t the gal. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
5．Neither time, which seemed t fly by, distance, which stretched ur cnnectin, can hurt ur friendship built n years f shared memries. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
6．Schls in the nrth tend t be better equipped, thse in the suth are relatively pr.
考點03 特殊句式
【考點詮釋】
高中英語特殊句式主要有三種：強調(diào)句、倒裝句和省略句，另外還有一些形式，也是特殊句式，如感嘆句、祈使句。其中強調(diào)句、倒裝句和感嘆句在高考中是重點。
1．Such an hnest persn is he yu can turn t him when yu are in truble. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
2．He ffered t get my suitcase ut f the trunk. I cllected it and walked away. did he.
3．Hard the dctrs had tried t save his life, the schlar died in the end.
4．Nt until then Megan pur ut what had been disturbing her the whle day. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
5．Little Rse care abut her wn safety, thugh she was in great danger herself. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
6．Nt until he climbed int bed he free t think abut it. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
7．Sitting in the frnt rw (be) sme cllege students wh are invited t take part in a debate.
8．It is these scial skills enable us t develp lifelng friendships. （用適當?shù)脑~填空）
9．I really dn’t knw when it was yu returned the bk t me. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
10．It was nt until I entered high schl I realized hw right my parents were. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
考點04 冠、介、代及其它
1． the dzens f LEED-certified buildings in Taiwan, Taipei 101 is the mst ntable recipient. That’s because it is the tallest building in the wrld hlding a LEED certificatin. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
2．Live, high-detail satellite mapping culd prbably be used t keep tags n anybdy at any time, the persn’s knwledge. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
3．It started with things assessing credit risk frm lan applicatins, srting the mail by reading handwritten characters frm zip cdes. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
4．Everybdy was tuched wrds after they heard her mving stry. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
5．Tired, Jim was fast asleep with his back a big tree. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
6． all the terrifying facts, hwever, sme cnservatinists say there is still hpe. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
7．It saves time in the kitchen t have things yu use a lt easy reach.
8．Peple shared their fd, ice, and gasline. Peple wh still had pwer pened their hmes t wh had nne. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
9．The dctr advised Vera strngly that she shuld take a hliday, but didn’t help. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
10．Instead f having t chse ne r the ther, we can benefit frm f the appraches. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
11．The difference between a man wh succeeds and wh des nt lies nly in the way each treats pprtunities. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
12．When my siblings and I were grwing up, I always sensed smething was missing in my life, fundamental t my very identity, t wh I was and where I came frm.(用適當?shù)脑~填空)
13．In rder t keep team members psitive and mtivated, the team leader needs t shw these qualities. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
14．Handshaking have started as an ancient custm t demnstrate t a stranger that yu had n weapn in yur hand. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
15．But grcery stre bread stay fresh during lng shipping and strage times. S cmpanies ften put a chemical preservative in it. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
16．Hw we respnd t them, hwever, is up t us. We react t them like evils f selfishness r like heres f lve. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
17．I didn’t see her in the meeting rm this mrning. She nt have spken at the meeting. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
18．When perfrming challenging mental task, d it in silence, Perham recmmended. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
19．My six-mnth stay n a space statin has cme t end, and it has been a challenging but magical 固
20．Set in 1960s, it's nt surprising that the family has t deal with lts f scial changes. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
單句語法填空
1．The ntice came arund tw in the afternn ________ the meeting wuld be pstpned.
2．It is ften the case anything is pssible fr thse wh hang nt hpes. （用適當?shù)脑~填空）
3． matters that week is that everyne is having a great time. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
4．Hwever, getting advice frm cares abut yu can impact yur life in great ways. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
5．But there are things we can d that machines can’t d. machines have made very little prgress is in dealing with nvel situatins. They can’t handle things they haven’t seen many times befre.（用適當?shù)脑~填空）
6．At the age f three r three and a half almst all children find the change t nursery easy, and this is undubtedly mre and mre parents make use f child care at this time. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
7．Richard swims three times a week after wrk.This is he keeps fit. （用適當?shù)脑~填空）
8．“Every time yu eat a sweet, drink green tea.” This is my mther used t tell me. （用適當?shù)脑~填空）
9．In 1961 the UN decided t set up the Wrld Fd Prgramme, ne f purpses is t relieve wrldwide starvatin. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
10．We will put ff the picnic in the park until next week, the weather may be better. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
11．Scientists have advanced many theries abut why human beings cry, nne f has been prved. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
12．Sme think f the ffice as the new ffsite, the purpse f is t get peple tgether s they can d the things that remte wrking makes harder: establishing deeper relatinships r cperating in real time n specific prjects.（用適當?shù)脑~填空）
13．This amazing discvery was made in 1996, a dnkey fell int a hle and the animal’s wner saw the face f a shiny, glden-clred mummy inside. （用適當?shù)脑~填空）
14．The huse, dr ften stays pen until late at night，wrks as a hme fr the guards，sme f are frm the cuntryside.（用適當?shù)脑~填空）
15．But thse numbers, impressive they seem, may be beside the pint. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
16．The little by wuldn’t leave the shp he bught what he wanted. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
17．As a matter f fact, I began playing ftball I was nly eight years ld, and I have been gd at it. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
18． my siblings and I were grwing up, I always sensed smething was missing in my life, smething fundamental t my very identity, t wh I was and where I came frm. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
19．Peple in Dali are very friendly and hnest t yu yu are a freigner r just a lcal. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
20．The classical bk is still wrth it it desn’t sell well. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
21．Mst imprtantly, remember the fllwing ld rule: try t eat different fds, nt t much. （用適當?shù)脑~填空）
22．Office wrkers tried t put ut the fire, it was impssible t cntrl it. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
23．Drug abuse has serius effects n individuals physically and mentally, the ecnmic lsses caused by drug abuse are great. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
24．Htels are largely given ver t rms fr individuals, “Hme is thught f as a place fr a family ver years, hsting lts f different activities.” (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
25．Invlving the kids in planning the vacatin makes sure that they have a great vacatin t. I prefer t visit histrical sites and museums while they lve t fish and swim. S I build in sme relaxatin time fr us all the vacatin can wrk fr everyne. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
26．Yu d nt cntrl when he sets ff n his adventures, can yu be sure that yur hard wrk will land yu a cveted (夢寐以求的) pstcard. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
27．Nt nly the writers speak with peple wh study culture and grup behavir, but als they talked with animals experts like zkeepers. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
28．Much the glden ball cactus prefers the sun, it tlerates temperatures f belw zer degrees centigrade. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
29．After the wars, the Indians were driven t the west f the cuntry. Nt until 1924 they gain the right t vte. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
30．It was in the street I met an ld classmate f mine the ther day. (用適當?shù)脑~填空)
語篇語法填空
Passage 1
（2025年虹口一模）
Hw t Be Stylish While Prtecting the Envirnment
Despite the huge numbers f peple wh care abut the envirnment and lve clthes, there is a basic cnflict abut being green and being fashinable. This is because the fashin industry depends n a cnstant stream f ever-changing trends, ____1____ means yu have t keep cnsuming. Hwever, buying ____2____ awful lt f things that yu dn’t need, in this case new clthes, is harmful t the envirnment. Even s, there are still sme measures yu can take t achieve ____3____ f the gals.
Firstly, rather than base yur chice f clthes n ____4____ the fashin industry says yu shuld, chse yur wn lk. If yu d this, yu’ll lk a lt mre like an individual, and prbably ____5____(genuinely) stylish. It des nt require any sense f style ____6____(cpy) the lks in fashin magazines but develping yur wn certainly des. Yu’ll find that yu buy fewer clthes ____7____ they aren’t ging in and ut f fashin every week, and this helps the envirnment.
Sme peple think that anther way f achieving this is t buy nly natural materials, like cttn. But the prductin f sme plant-based materials invlves the use f enrmus quantities f pesticides (殺蟲劑). In fact, cttn is an especially dirty crp, with methds ____8____(use) in its prductin which can destry the lcal envirnment. If yu want t avid adding t sil and water pllutin in this manner, simply ____9____(chse) rganic materials.
In the end, what yu wear is yur chice and n ne wuld suggest that this shuld nt be a free chice. But we hpe that, ____10____(read) this, yu will be aware f the impact yur chices may have n the health f ur planet.
Passage 2
（2025年長寧一模）
The benefits f cntainer gardening
D yu lve gardening, but yu dn’t have a yard? If that’s the case, ____1____(take) cntainer gardening int cnsideratin. This methd invlves ____2____(grw) plants in pts and cntainers rather than in the grund. Cntainer gardening is a great way t grw flwers, herbs, vegetables, fruit trees and mre. There are many advantages t this gardening methd.
T begin with, yu dn’t need much space. A rf r any ther utdr area that receives direct sunlight will wrk. In fact, a sunny, indr kitchen windwsill(窗沿) is perfect fr a few small plants, ____3____ gives yu easy access t herbs and vegetables as yu prepare meals. The key is t chse a spt that receives a gd deal f sunlight.
Unless they’re t big r heavy, cntainers are prtable. This allws yu t mve yur plants inside if necessary. Or yu can mve yur plants int the shade ____4____ extremely ht days. Cntainers allw yu t place yur plants ____5____ they’ll grw best.
With cntainers, yu’re almst certain ____6____(fill) them with prductive sil. Using a gd bag f ptting sil that cntains the necessary nutrients fr yur plants is best. Here’s an imprtant tip: Once ____7____(stuff), large cntainers can get heavy. Therefre, it’s best t put them at a prper place befre filling them.
One f the greatest benefits f cntainer gardening is that little r n weeding____8____(require). Fr plants in the grund, weeding is smetimes a daily r weekly requirement.
Peple als lve the fact that almst ____9____ can be used as a cntainer. Yu dn’t need expensive pts fr cntainers. Wden bxes, cans, tea kettles, ld shes and mre will wrk. There’s n end t the number f items that can be used. Just be sure t drill hles in the bttm f yur cntainers fr prper water discharge.
_____10_____ shws ff yur green fingers and yur creativity is a cntainer garden.
Passage 3
（2025年徐匯一模）
Pineers in artificial intelligence win the Nbel Prize in physics
The 2024 Nbel Prize in physics has been awarded t Jhn Hpfield and Geffrey Hintn. They are knwn fr their fundamental discveries in machine learning ___1___ paved the way fr hw artificial intelligence is used tday.
Machine learning differs frm traditinal sftware. The sftware receives data, which is prcessed accrding t a clear descriptin, and ___2___ (prduce) the results. In machine learning, the cmputer learns by example, enabling it t tackle prblems that are t cmplicated ___3___ (manage) by step-by-step instructins.
Hintn and Hpfield ___4___ (credit) with using tls frm physics t advance basic research in the field. In 1982, Hpfield develped a mdel f neural (神經(jīng)的) netwrks, tday knwn as the Hpfield netwrk, t describe hw the brain recalls memries when ___5___ (feed) partial infrmatin, similar t the methd yur brain uses t remember a wrd n the tip f yur tngue.
Geff Hintn and clleagues further develped the Hpfield netwrk. T d that, Hintn used statistical physics, based n an equatin invented by the nineteenth century physicist Ludwig Bltzmann, creating a “Bltzmann machine.” It can learn— nt frm instructins, but frm ___6___ (give) examples. A trained Bltzmann machine can recgnize familiar traits (特質) in infrmatin it has nt previusly seen. Imagine meeting a friend’s brther r sister, and yu can immediately see that they ___7___ be related. In a similar way, the Bltzmann machine can recgnize an entirely new example ___8___ it belngs t a categry fund in the training material.
Hintn has als urged cautin arund the technlgy. Hintn quit his jb as a vice president last year at a tech giant. He said he left because he wanted t be able t share his cncerns abut the risks f artificial intelligence withut wrrying ____9____it wuld mean fr his emplyer.
“One f the ways in which these systems might escape cntrl is by writing their wn cmputer cde t mdify ____10____,” Hintn said in a 2023 interview. “That’s smething we need t seriusly wrry abut.”
Passage 4
（2025年楊浦一模）
Silent Bk Club
Tw dzen peple gathered in a czy café-bkstre in Minnesta, chatting and laughing with thse seated beside them. After ten minutes, the rm ___1___ (fall) quiet. Then peple pened their bks and began t read.
___2___ mst bk clubs, the Silent Bk Club’s Minneaplis chapter desn’t require members t read a specific bk. The setup is simple: Bring whatever bk yu happen ___3___ (read) currently. Quietly read that bk fr 45 minutes. Then share a bit abut the bk with thers.
The clubs attract intrverts, bkwrms and rebels wh resist the idea f spending precius reading time n a bk ___4___ else selected fr them. “I hated assigned reading in schl,” said Krtney Webster, ___5___ member f this club since it started in 2019, shaking her head. “Whenever I see the bks ___6___ (recmmend) n the reading list, I can’t help but turn away frm them.” Acrss the table frm her was Matt Streit, wh launched the Minneaplis chapter f ___7___ has becme a glbal phenmenn.
Streit had heard a radi stry abut the funder f the first silent bk club, with ___8___ cntact was immediately established. Inspired by the funder’s visin, Streit decided t initiate his wn chapter f the club. Frtunately, his club, thugh ___9___ (fund) nly a year ag, has nw ver 100 regulars. It has grwn rganically, attracting media attentin and generating buzz n scial media withut any paid advertising.
As Streit has emphasized, the club is fr everyne and nw it is rganized regularly _____10____ ________ thse wh are shy can seek a balance f privacy and scializatin.
出題方式
詞性考查
考點分布
特別注意
無提示詞
冠詞
定冠詞/不定冠詞
判斷語境是特指還是非特指
介詞
搭配及其他
熟練掌握固定搭配以及本身用法
代詞
人稱物主代詞
1、復合句的從句除去關系代詞仍缺成分
2、反身代詞不能作主語，可作賓語、表語、同位語
3、代詞作定語
不定代詞
反身單詞
動詞
情態(tài)動詞
觀察語境中暗含的情感和態(tài)度
助動詞/系動詞
倒裝情況
從屬連詞
定語從句
1、熟練判斷各種復合句結構，掌握連接詞的特定用法
2、hw+adj/adv情況，what+n情況，hw many/much/ 情況
3、表語從句連接詞as if，because
名詞性從句
狀語從句
強調(diào)句
并列連詞
并列句
判斷上下句之間的邏輯關系
兩空常填連詞
表原因：nw that
表時間：every time/ the mment
表讓步：even if / even thugh
表方式：as if / as thugh
表目的：s that / in case
表結果：s that
定語從句：介詞 + which
表除了：except that
表疑問：hw much (many/lng/ften/sn)
三空常填連詞
表目的：in rder that / fr fear that
表時間：as sn as
表條件：as/s lng as / n cnditin that
表讓步：n matter hw + adj./ n matter what (+ n.)
另：as far as (as far as I knw, as far as I’m cncerned)
兩空常填介詞
表原因：because f/ due t/ wing t/thanks t
表讓步：regardless f
表相反：instead f/ rather than
表除了：except fr / ther than/apart frm
表根據(jù)/例舉：accrding t / such as
三空常填介詞
表讓步：in spite f
表并列：as well as
表除了：in additin t
表目的：in rder t
兩空常填情態(tài)動詞
have t / had better / ught t / may/might (as) well
從句類型
連接詞
作用/成分
意義
名詞性從句
that
×
×
if/whether
×
“是否”
What(ever) / which(ever) /wh(ever) / Whm(ever) / whse / hw many / hw much
主語、賓語、表語、定語
(無論)什么/哪一個/誰、誰的、多少
when(ever) / where(ver) / hw(ever) / why / because
狀語、表語
（無論）何時/何地/怎樣、為什么，因為
形容詞性從句
wh, whm, whse, which, that, as
主語、賓語、表語、定語
誰、誰的、哪一個、如...一樣
where, when, why (不引導非限制性定從)
狀語
何地、何時、為什么
副詞性從句
時間狀語從句when, while, as；the minute, the mment, the first time, each time, any time；befre和since；till和until
狀語
當時候；一...就...；在...之前，自從...，直到...才...
讓步狀語從句：althugh, thugh, as以及even if, even thugh
狀語
雖然、即使
結果狀語從句中“s…that”與“such…that”
狀語
如此...以致
條件狀語從句if, unless, prviding/prvided, suppse/suppsing
狀語
如果；除非；如果
原因狀語從句because, since, as, fr (原因分句)
狀語
因為
彼此關系
并列連詞
例 句
表示遞進或順承關系
and, nt (als)...等
Nt nly is he very fast, but he’s (als) gt marvellus technique.
表示選擇關系
r, 等
Either yu must imprve yur wrk r I shall dismiss yu.
表示轉折關系
but, yet, whereas等
It’s true that he is yung, but he is experienced and respnsible.
表示因果關系：
s, fr等
I did nt g t wrk yesterday, fr I was nt feeling well.
表示“那時，這時”
when
We were abut t leave when smene kncked at the dr.
表示對比：“而，卻”
while
There’s plenty f rain in the sutheast, while there’s little in the nrtheast.
類型
句 式
考 查 重 點
強調(diào)句
It is / was ＋被強調(diào)部分＋that / wh ...
對句子的主語、表語、賓語、狀語等進行強調(diào)。當強調(diào)部分是人，且作主語時，引導詞也可用wh。強調(diào)主語時要注意連接詞與謂語的一致性。
強調(diào)句的特殊疑問句結構:疑問詞＋is/was＋it＋that/wh＋句子其他部分?
強調(diào)謂語動詞
用助動詞d, des或did來強調(diào)謂語動詞，用于一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時的肯定陳述句中，d還可以用于祈使句。
與三大從句的區(qū)別
1.強調(diào)句去掉It is/was和that 之后，句子結構仍然完整，而主語從句卻不能。
2.強調(diào)句中that沒有意義，且不作任何成分，而定語從句中that為關系代詞，在從句中充當主語、賓語或表語。
3.強調(diào)句去掉It is/was和that后，結構仍然完整，而It is ...中，it指代時間。
倒裝句
部分倒裝
1.表示否定意義的副詞或連詞置于句首時引起部分倒裝結構。這類詞(組)有never, seldm, rarely, little, few, at n time, by n means, n lnger, hardly/ scarcely ..., n sner ..., nt nly als ..., nt ..., nwhere, neither ... nr ... 等。
2.“nly＋狀語(從句)”置于句首時，句子(主句)要用部分倒裝。
3.s/such ... that ... 結構中的s, such連同它所修飾的成分共同位于句首表示強調(diào)時，主句要用部分倒裝。
4.表示前面所說的情況也適用于后者時，用倒裝結構“s/neither/nr＋助動詞/系動詞/情態(tài)動詞＋主語”(s 表示肯定意義，neither/nr 表示否定意義)。
5.在as/thugh引導的讓步狀語從句中，從句的表語/狀語/動詞原形要位于句首，構成倒裝結構。如果位于句首的是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，其前不加冠詞。
完全倒裝
1.here, there, nw, then, ut, in, up, dwn, away, n the wall, in the rm 等表示地點、時間或方位的副詞或介詞短語置于句首，且句子主語是名詞時，句子用完全倒裝。如果主語是人稱代詞，則不用倒裝語序。
2.有時為平衡句子結構或突出強調(diào)，將作表語的介詞短語、形容詞、副詞或分詞提到句首，構成“表語＋系動詞＋主語”的完全倒裝結構。
省略句
狀語從句的省略
在時間、讓步、方式、條件、地點等狀語從句中，如果從句主語與主句的主語一致或從句的主語是it，而且狀語從句的謂語中有be動詞，可以將從句中的主語連同be動詞一起省略。
動詞不定式的省略
感官動詞后的賓補，常省略t；在形容詞(glad, happy, pleased, delighted, anxius等)后作狀語時，t后的內(nèi)容常承前省略。
常用的與if相關的省略結構
If從句中是it is結構，可以省略it is。如：if ever, if busy, if pssible, if s, if nt, if necessary
感嘆句
what引導的感嘆句
1.What＋a/an＋形容詞＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)＋主語＋謂語!
2.What＋形容詞＋不可數(shù)名詞/可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)＋主語＋謂語!
hw引導的感嘆句
1.Hw＋形容詞＋a/an＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)＋主語＋謂語!
2. Hw＋形容詞/副詞＋主語＋謂語!
1）冠詞
表示泛指的“一(個,本,座……)”時用不定冠詞a/an，表示特指時用the。
2）介詞
句子不缺主語、表語、動詞后不缺賓語的情況下，名詞或代詞前面，一定是填介詞。
常用介詞：in, n, at, t, frm, f, ff, under, abve, belw, ver, acrss, thrugh, beynd, behind, beside, between, amng, near, up, dwn, alng, arund, befre, after, since, fr, against, besides, except, by, with, withut, abut, as, like, during, int, thrughut, until, within, tward, past, despite, regardless f, in spite f, because f, due t, wing t, thanks t, except fr, apart frm, ther than, such as, accrding t, instead f, rather than, as well as, in additin t, …
3）代詞
當句子缺主語、賓語或定語時，填代詞。前后看,是指人、事物；指男、指女,單數(shù)、復數(shù)；還是填形式主語或形式賓語的it。(注意定語從句可省略作賓語的關系代詞,賓語從句可省略that情況，反身代詞不能做主語，可做賓語和同位語情況等)
主要考察：人稱代詞we, yu, her, it, they等；物主代詞my, their, yurs, hers等；反身代詞himself, themselves等；指示代詞this, these, that, thse;不定代詞 everything, smething, anything, nthing, everyne, smene, everybdy, smebdy, anybdy, nbdy, bth, either, neither, all, nne, each, thers, the ther, anther, the thers, ne, the ne(s).
4）情態(tài)動詞和助動詞
若結構較完整，空格在主語和謂語動詞之間且動詞是原形，一般是填情態(tài)動詞或表示強調(diào)或倒裝的助動詞(d, des, did等)。

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