2022屆高考英語高頻閱讀詞組+練習(xí)（四十七）一：詞組梳理1．according to根據(jù)2．as a matter of fact實(shí)際上3．as much as像……那樣多4．at heart心底里，本質(zhì)上5．at once立刻，馬上6．at will任意，隨意7．better than好于，勝過，比……好8．by means of憑借，以……方法9．by nature本性，天生地10．due to①因?yàn)?，由?②應(yīng)歸于11．for fear of唯恐，以免(發(fā)生危險(xiǎn))12．for the purpose of為了……目的13．generally speaking一般來說14．in a word總而言之15．in addition to除……之外16．in agreement with同意，與……達(dá)成一致17．in all總共，總計(jì)，合計(jì)18．in charge of負(fù)責(zé)，主管(表示主動(dòng)意義)19．in the charge of由……管理(表示被動(dòng)意義)20．in effect實(shí)際上，事實(shí)上21．in fact事實(shí)上22．in front of在……前面23．in general大體上24．in honour of①紀(jì)念 ②為向……表示敬意25．in particular尤其，特別26．in place在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢?/span>27．in place of代替，取代28．in praise of為贊揚(yáng)29．in preference to勝于，優(yōu)先于30．in preparation準(zhǔn)備31．in response to回答，響應(yīng)32．in search of尋找，尋求33．in short總之，簡言之34．in sight在視野內(nèi)35．in terms of就……而言36．in the direction of朝……方向二：習(xí)題訓(xùn)練（A）There are many programs for high school students today that help lonely teenagers deal with loneliness. However, loneliness is not only an issue for teens but also an important and rarely acknowledged one in the elderly.In Britain, Tracey Crouch was appointed to be the first Minister of Loneliness in order to address the issues caused by loneliness. This is the first time such a position has been created.In Britain, there are around 9 million people who say they are lonely frequently. In Germany, a study conducted by Ruhr University Bochum found that 20 percent of people over the age of 85 felt lonely, and that 14 percent of those between age 45 and 65 felt socially lonely. In the United States, more than 25 percent of the population live alone, and more than 50 percent are unmarried. Loneliness is generally associated with heart disease and anxiety. Additionally, the stress from loneliness can cause your cells to change on a molecular(分子)level that reduces its abilities to defend your body against diseases. In fact, doctors believe having feelings of loneliness is equivalent to smoking 15 cigarettes per day in regard to its effect on health!In Britain, the new Minister of Loneliness will help introduce government policies on the issue and fund a charity—an organization for helping people in need, to devote their efforts to aiding loneliness. There are charities that link lonely seniors to high school students in order to give them a line of communication whenever they feel lonely!The possibilities for the new Minister of Loneliness are endless. For example, she can provide education services to household businesses so that they can identify lonely customers if they see one. Loneliness fits into the category of being a social issue that must be monitored by the entire community in order to help those in need. Therefore, government involvement in medical services and care for seniors and others is vital for happy seniors. 1.How does the author develop Paragraph 3?A.By listing some statistics.B.By giving examples of lonely people.C.By pointing out similarities and differences.D.By comparing different cultures in different countries.2.What does the underlined word “equivalent” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A.Relevant.   B.Similar.   C.Opposite.   D.Superior.3.What will the Minister of Loneliness do?A.Do housework for lonely people.B.Develop friendships with the elderly.C.Help fund a charity to aid lonely people.D.Communicate with anxious school students.4.What is the main idea of the text?A.The UK becomes the capital of loneliness.B.Loneliness affects old people’s life worldwide.C.Many teenagers suffer from loneliness.D.The UK’s Minister of Loneliness settles loneliness.（B）You are enjoying a nice dream until your alarm suddenly rings. 　1　 Is your clock out of control? No, it’s just winter, making the sun rise later, so it will be twice as hard to crawl out of bed into the cold darkness.As the days get shorter, our mornings lose that crucial light to wake us up, so waking up gets harder. That means you’ll need to put in extra effort to get to work on time. 　2　 　3　 Summer or winter, you should aim to go to bed at about the same time every evening and wake up at about the same time every morning. Try to give yourself time for eight hours per night.Avoid strong light near bedtime. So if you like reading before you close your eyes, try an actual book or an Eink screen like a Kindle, which doesn’t emit the harsh light that phones and tablets do.Buy a wakeup light. If you still have trouble with dark mornings, it might be time to introduce more light into your room. 　4　Give yourself something to look forward to.5 Sure, you might have to get up for work, but you’ll want to be awake if you are expecting a delicious breakfast, or a workout that is actually fun.A.But you just don’t want to get out of your warm bed.B.Stick to a regular schedule.C.Philips makes some popular lamps that produce natural light during gray winter days.D.Waking up is easier when you have a good reason to be conscious.E.Too much light can do harm to your eyes.F.We have a few tips that might help.G.But when you look out of the window, it’s still black outside.答案及解析A[語篇解讀]　本文為說明文。文章主要講述了孤獨(dú)不僅存在于青少年中,而且在老年人中也是一個(gè)重要的、很少被承認(rèn)的問題。1.A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)本段所列舉的年齡及百分比的數(shù)字可知答案為A項(xiàng)。2.B　詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)本段第二句Additionally, the stress from loneliness can cause your cells to change on a molecular level that reduces its abilities to defend your body against diseases.和畫線詞所在句子可知,來自孤獨(dú)的壓力會(huì)導(dǎo)致你的細(xì)胞發(fā)生分子層面的變化,從而減弱你身體抵抗疾病的能力。醫(yī)生認(rèn)為關(guān)于孤獨(dú)對(duì)健康的影響與每天抽15支煙相似。故選B項(xiàng)。3.C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段第一句In Britain, the new Minister of Loneliness will help introduce government policies on the issue and fund a charity—an organization for helping people in need, to devote their efforts to aiding loneliness.可知,在英國,the Minister of Loneliness會(huì)幫助介紹政府關(guān)于這個(gè)問題的政策并資助一個(gè)慈善組織——一個(gè)幫助有需要的人的組織,致力于幫助孤獨(dú)(人群)。故選C項(xiàng)。4.D　主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文可知針對(duì)孤獨(dú)的問題,在英國,the Minister of Loneliness被指定去處理孤獨(dú)引發(fā)的問題,幫助處于孤獨(dú)中的人們。故選D項(xiàng)。 B［語篇解讀］本文為說明文。文章給讀者提出了幾條如何在冬日里按時(shí)起床的建議。1.G根據(jù)下文No, it’s just winter, making the sun rise later, so it will be twice as hard to crawl out of bed into the cold darkness.（不，現(xiàn)在只是冬天，太陽升起得比較晚，所以從床上爬起來進(jìn)入寒冷黑暗的環(huán)境要困難兩倍）可知，G項(xiàng)“但是當(dāng)你往窗外看時(shí)，外面還是黑的”符合此處語境。故G選項(xiàng)正確。2.F根據(jù)上文That means you’ll need to put in extra effort to get to work on time.（這意味著你需要付出額外的努力才能準(zhǔn)時(shí)上班）及下文對(duì)如何按時(shí)起床的建議描述可知，F項(xiàng)“我們有一些建議可能會(huì)有幫助”符合此處語境。故F選項(xiàng)正確。3.B根據(jù)下文Summer or winter, you should aim to go to bed at about the same time every evening and wake up at about the same time every morning.（無論是夏天還是冬天，你應(yīng)該每天晚上在同一時(shí)間睡覺，每天早上在同一時(shí)間醒來）可知，B項(xiàng)“堅(jiān)持有規(guī)律的時(shí)間表”符合此處語境。故B選項(xiàng)正確。4.C根據(jù)上文If you still have trouble with dark mornings, it might be time to introduce more light into your room.（如果你仍然對(duì)黑暗的早晨感到困擾，也許是時(shí)候給你的房間引入更多的光線了）可知，C項(xiàng)“飛利浦公司制造了一些流行的燈具，在灰色的冬天產(chǎn)生自然光”符合此處語境。故C選項(xiàng)正確。5.D根據(jù)上文Give yourself something to look forward to.（給自己一些期待）及下文but you’ll want to be awake if you are expecting a delicious breakfast, or a workout that is actually fun（但是如果你想要一頓美味的早餐，或者一場真正有趣的鍛煉，你就會(huì)想要保持清醒）可知，D項(xiàng)“當(dāng)你有充分的理由保持清醒時(shí)，醒來會(huì)更容易”符合此處語境。故D選項(xiàng)正確。 

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