2022屆高考英語高頻閱讀詞組+練習(xí)（十六）一：詞組梳理1．in good time（=early）早早地（做完。到達(dá)等）2．for good （=for ever） 永遠(yuǎn)地， 長期地3．take…for granted （=assume to be true） 把…認(rèn)為理所當(dāng)然的。4．be grateful to sbfor sth 因…感謝某人5．come back  回來；恢復(fù)，復(fù)原6．come down  倒下；降落；跌落；病倒7．come from  來自，起源于，從~~產(chǎn)生，生于8．come in  進(jìn)來，進(jìn)入；流行起來；獲名次9．(come into being  發(fā)生，產(chǎn)生，出現(xiàn)，形成)10．(come into use  開始使用，獲得應(yīng)用)11．on the ground（s） fo （=because of） 由于…12．fall to the ground （計(jì)劃。希望等）失敗，落空13．on one's guard（against） 謹(jǐn)防， 警惕 （be） on guard 站崗14．guard against （=defend， keep safe）警惕，防止 guard…against 警衛(wèi)…防止15．guess at 猜， 估計(jì)16．by guess 靠猜17．be guilty of 犯有…罪或過失18．be in the habit of 習(xí)慣于19．break off （a habit） 改掉（某種習(xí)慣）20．come on  上演；開始；趕快；發(fā)展；登臺(tái)；(問題)被提出21．come out出來，傳出；出版；結(jié)果是；褪色；(秘密)泄露22．come to  蘇醒，復(fù)原；共計(jì)；達(dá)到；歸結(jié)于(come to an end  終止，結(jié)束)23．break sbof （a habit）使某人改掉（某習(xí)慣）24．get （fall） into the habit of養(yǎng)成了…的習(xí)慣25．come to a halt （=stop） 停止； 停住26．at hand 在手邊， 眼前（附近）27．by hand 用手工（做）28．(come true  實(shí)現(xiàn)，成為現(xiàn)實(shí)；證實(shí))29．come up  長出，發(fā)芽；升起；(被)提出30．cut down 砍倒，減少31．cut up 切碎32．hand in glove（with） 狼狽為奸， 密切合作33．in hand ）在手邊 ）（=under control）控制住34．cut in 插嘴35．cut off 切除，斷絕36．cut out 刪去，略去，戒除37．in the hands of 由…掌握， 控制， 負(fù)責(zé)38．live from hand to mouth勉強(qiáng)度日，現(xiàn)掙現(xiàn)吃39．at the head of 在…的前頭40．head for （=move towards） 向…方向前進(jìn)41．hear of （=know about） 聽人說起， 聽說過42．come about 產(chǎn)生，發(fā)生43．come across  “偶遇”44．come along  一道來，陪伴；進(jìn)步，進(jìn)展；出現(xiàn)45．come at  達(dá)到，求得，得到；撲向，襲擊46．(come to know  開始了解到)二：習(xí)題訓(xùn)練（A） Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) are compounds that are set to solve some tough challenges: producing water in the desert, removing greenhouse gases from the air and storing dangerous gases more safely.The Arizona desert is really dry. Anyone stuck in it without water would die from dehydration （脫水） within three days. Unless, that is, they had one of Omar Yaghi’s next-generation water harvesters. Although daytime humidity（濕度）is only about 10 per cent, this rises to 40 per cent at night, which means there’s enough water in the atmosphere to support life — if it can be transformed into liquid form.That’s exactly what Yaghi’s device does. It’s a box about the size of a small microwave oven designed to suck the humidity from the air at night and turn it into drinking water the next day using only the heat of the sun as its power source. What makes it work is a special material called a metal-organic framework (MOF), which at normal temperatures attracts water molecules (分子) onto its surface of its internal pores（細(xì)孔）. Warm it up and the water is released, each harvest producing one-third of a cup of pure drinking water.―With further improvements, a device, the size of a washing machine, could produce enough water for the basic needs of a household,‖ says Yaghi, a chemist at the University of California. One-third of the world’s population lacks safe drinking water; for them such a device could be a lifesaver.These crystalline cluster（結(jié)晶群）of metals, such as aluminum or magnesium, linked by organic molecules can be made into materials with an extremely high absorption ability, attracting specific molecules to their surface. In this way, MOFs cling to a variety of liquids and gases.MOFs work thanks to their unique structure---large quantities of nanometer-sized internal spaces. In fact one MOF has so many pores that they would cover an area as large as six football fields. MOFs are also extremely stable light and have many different uses: their molecular structure can be varied to attract specific molecules, such as water, and their pores can be designed to best store them. Adding a small amount of heat or pressure causes the MOF to release what it is holding. More than 70,000 different MOFs have been produced to date for various applications.1．Why is the Arizona desert mentioned in the second paragraph?A．To introduce water harvesters.B．To stress the importance of water.C．To express the urgent need for water there.D．To show its serious condition.2．What plays a vital role in water harvesters?A．solar energy. B．water molecules.C．a small microwave oven D．metal-organic frameworks.3．What does the underlined phrase "cling to" in paragraph 5 probably mean?A．hold onto B．break downC．give off D．turn into4．What will probably be covered in the following paragraphs?A．The future of the MOF technology.B．Other uses of the MOF technology.C．The limitation of the MOF technology.D．The improvement of the MOF technology. （B）In any major Indian city, people are seen with an arm outstretched, mobile phone in hand, 1．     (smile) widely and clicking away. Even Prime Minister Narendra Modi is said 2     ． (love) the selfie (自拍), posting pictures online that he has taken with 3  ． (variety) world leaders.But the pursuit of selfie can sometimes have deadly consequences. India is home to 4．    highest number of people who have died while taking photos of 5．    (they), with 19 of the world’s 49 recorded selfie-linked deaths since 2014.6    (early) this month, an 18-year-old college student on a class picnic lost his balance while taking a selfie on top of a rock near a dam. He fell into the water and drowned, along with a classmate 7．    jumped in to save him.Since then, the Indian government 8．     (declare) 16 no-selfie zones across Mumbai, warning people9．    taking unnecessary risks. Police have declared “no selfie” in areas considered to be10．     (risk)—particularly along the coastline in spots with no railings or fences. Anyone coming into “no selfie” areas even if they take no photos, will risk a fine of 1,200 rupees ($17.50).答案及解析A【答案】1．A2．D3．A4．B【解析】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了金屬有機(jī)骨架(MOFs)的用途，結(jié)構(gòu)和性能。1．推理判斷題。由第二段“The Arizona desert is really dry. Anyone stuck in it without water would die from dehydration （脫水） within three days. Unless, that is, they had one of Omar Yaghi’s next-generation water harvesters.”可知，亞利桑那沙漠非常干燥。任何沒有水的人都會(huì)在三天內(nèi)死于脫水。除非他們有奧馬爾·亞吉的下一代水收集器。所以奧馬爾·亞吉的下一代水收集器可以解決沙漠中缺水的問題。故判斷出第二段提到亞利桑那沙漠是為了介紹水收集器。故A選項(xiàng)正確2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段“What makes it work is a special material called a metal-organic framework (MOF)...”可知，使它工作是一種稱為有機(jī)框架(MOF)的特殊的材料。所以金屬有機(jī)框架在水收集器中起著至關(guān)重要的作用。故D選項(xiàng)正確。3．詞義猜測題。由第五段“These crystalline cluster（結(jié)晶群）of metals, such as aluminum or magnesium, linked by organic molecules can be made into materials with an extremely high absorption ability, attracting specific molecules to their surface. In this way, MOFs cling to a variety of liquids and gases.”可知，這些由有機(jī)分子連接的金屬結(jié)晶簇，例如鋁或鎂，可制成具有極高吸收能力的材料，將特定分子吸到其表面。MOF就是通過這種方式緊緊吸附各種液體和氣體。 所以第5段中下劃線的"cling to"可能是 hold onto“緊緊抓住”的意思。故A選項(xiàng)正確。4．推理判斷題。由最后段“... their molecular structure can be varied to attract specific molecules, such as water, and their pores can be designed to best store them. Adding a small amount of heat or pressure causes the MOF to release what it is holding. More than 70,000 different MOFs have been produced to date for various applications.”可知，它們的分子解剖結(jié)構(gòu)可以變化以吸附特定的分子，比如水分子，它們的孔可以設(shè)計(jì)成儲(chǔ)存水的最佳形態(tài)。增加少量的熱量或壓力會(huì)使MOF釋放它所持有的東西。迄今為止，已有七萬多種不同的MOF被生產(chǎn)用于各類實(shí)際應(yīng)用中。所以我們通過短文最后段的內(nèi)容可以判斷出，接下來的段落可能會(huì)涉及MOF科技的其它用途。故B選項(xiàng)正確。 B【解析】這是一篇說明文。因?yàn)楹芏嘤慰拖矚g在印度自拍，導(dǎo)致印度成為自拍死亡人數(shù)最多的國家。為了阻止這一情況的惡化，印度政府采取了一些相關(guān)措施，例如設(shè)立標(biāo)志牌和罰款。1．考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語，邏輯主語people和smile之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞，故填smiling。2．考查不定式。分析句子可知，此處考查固定用法“主語 + be said/ thought/ believed…to do sth.”，故填to love。3．考查形容詞。分析句子可知，此處應(yīng)用variety的形容詞various“各種各樣的”修飾名詞leaders，故填various。4．考查定冠詞。由highest可知此處應(yīng)填定冠詞，表示最高級(jí)，故填the。5．考查代詞。句意：印度是因自拍照死亡數(shù)字最高的地方。根據(jù)句意可知，此處意為“自拍”即給自己拍照，故應(yīng)用反身代詞指代上文提到的people，故填themselves。6．考查比較級(jí)。句意：本月早些時(shí)候，一個(gè)18歲的大學(xué)生班級(jí)野餐時(shí)，站在一個(gè)大壩附近的巖石上自拍失去了平衡。根據(jù)句意可知，此處意為“本月早些時(shí)候”，應(yīng)用early的比較級(jí)earlier，故填Earlier。7．考查定語從句。分析句子可知，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞a classmate，關(guān)系詞代替先行詞，在從句中作主語，指人，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞that/who，故填that/ who。8．考查時(shí)態(tài)。分析句子可知，設(shè)空處是句子謂語動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)上文的since then判斷為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語the Indian government是第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，故填has declared。9．考查短語。此處是短語warn sb. against doing sth.“警告某人不要做某事”，故填against。10．考查形容詞。設(shè)空處應(yīng)填形容詞作為表語，故填risky。 

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