2022屆高考英語高頻閱讀詞組+練習(xí)（四十二）一：詞組梳理1．比…次等 be inferior to 比…高等 be senior to 比…低 be junior to2．堅持做某事 insist on doing sth3．堅決要求做 insist that+句子（用should+V）4．堅持..觀點 insist that+句子（事實情況）5．打算做某事 plan to do=mean to do= intend to do6．對..感興趣 take/show interest in=be interested in7．參軍 join the army 成為一員 join sb 積極參加 join in=take part in8．和某人開玩笑 play a joke on sb 嘲笑某人 laugh at sb=make fun of sb9．靠左行駛 keep to the left10．阻止某人做某事keep sb from doing sth=prevent sb (from)doing sth=stop sb (from)doing sth11．與..保持一致 keep up with 趕上 catch up with 勿踏草坪 keep off the grass12．拆毀 knock sth down=pull sth down 撞倒某人 knock sb down13．認(rèn)識某人 know sb 了解某人 know about/of sb14．一門關(guān)于..的知識 a knowledge of English15．.缺少 lack sth=be lacking in sth=be short of sth 由于缺乏 for lack of=be in absence of16．持續(xù) last for=run for=continue for=last17．開會遲到 be late for meeting 晚做作業(yè) be late with hoework18．晚些到arrive late lately=recently(句子用現(xiàn)在完成時) later on稍后19．同一類的 of a kind20．lie 位于/躺—lay—lain lay 放置，孵蛋—laid—laid21．通向，導(dǎo)致 lead to=result in22．從錯誤中吸取教訓(xùn) learn from one’s mistake 給某人一個教訓(xùn)teach sb. a lesson23．請假 ask for leave 讓某人獨自呆著 leave sb. alone24．抽出空閑時間 spare one’s leisure/free time25．想要做…feel like doing=would like to do sth26．agree with①同意 ②(食物、天氣等)對……適宜27．as sb. puts it正如某人所說的28．believe it or not信不信由你29．break down①出故障 ②消除 ③(使)分解30．break up①(婚姻、組織等)破裂 ②散開31．bring down①降低，減少 ②使垮臺，使下臺32．bring up①養(yǎng)育 ②提出33．build up①構(gòu)成 ②發(fā)展 ③建立 ④增進(jìn)，增強34．call on①呼吁，號召 ②短暫拜訪35．carry on繼續(xù)36．come across①偶然碰到 ②被理解37．come along跟隨，跟著來38．cut down①砍倒 ②減少，縮減二：習(xí)題訓(xùn)練（A）How to Grow Organic Potatoes in ContainersA homegrown potato that has just been dug out of the soil is an amazing treat. Like tomatoes, the taste of fresh potatoes is different from that of those bought in the store. By growing your own，you also have the opportunity to plant unusual varieties._1.__Prepare potatoes for growing.Cut the potatoes before planting. If your potatoes are small, you can simply plant them.When you cut your potatoes, make sure you have at least two eyes on each piece._2.__. Most of us have no idea how heavy 50 grams is and there's no need to weigh it，just use your best guess.Water your newly planted potatoes well.Check the container at least once a day._3.__. If it feels dry, it's time to water. If it's very hot or windy, you may have to water your potato container gardens more than once a day. Make sure to water deeply by waiting until water runs out the bottom.Hill your potatoes as they grow._4.__， you need to hill them in case they will break. This is done by adding a couple of inches of soil around your potato plants. Be careful not to break；the plants in the process. Repeat the hilling process a few more times as your plants grow.You can also stop once the soil reaches the top of your container._5.__.After the plants have flowered, you can dig out your potatoes to eat. You can pull out a few potatoes at a time.You can also wait until the plants turn yellow and then harvest all of the potatoes at once.A．If your potato plants are too shortB．Harvest your homegrown potatoesC．Water your potatoes whenever the soil is dryD．Stick your finger at least an inch into the soilE．Below are some tips for growing your own potatoesF．Once your potato plants have grown about six inchesG．It's also recommended that each weighs at least 50 grams（B）In much of Asia,especially the so-called＂rice bowl＂ cultures of China,Japan,Korea, 1  Vietnam,food is usually eaten with chopsticks.Chopsticks are usually two long,thin pieces of wood or bamboo.They can also be made of plastic,animal bone or metal.Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic.Truly elegant chopsticks might 2  (make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters.Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal  3  (create)special designs.The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years.People probably cooked their food in large pots,    4 (use)twigs(樹枝)to remove it.Over time,  5  thepopulation grew,people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which  6 (gradual)turned into chopsticks.Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius,  7  lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C.,influenced the  8  (develop)of chopsticks.Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and   9  (be)too violent for use at the table.Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia.In India,for example,most people traditionally eat  10 their hands. 答案及解析A本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了在家種馬鈴薯的方法，包括選種、澆水、培土和收獲。1．解析：根據(jù)該空所在的位置可知，該空為承上啟下的句子；由空處下文可知，下文介紹的是在家里種植馬鈴薯的方法，故E項符合語境。2．解析：根據(jù)空后一句可知，我們大部分人都不知道50克有多重，也不需要去稱重。據(jù)此可推知，空處應(yīng)是關(guān)于每塊馬鈴薯的重量，故G項符合語境。據(jù)此可推知，空處應(yīng)是關(guān)于每塊馬鈴薯的重量，故G項符合語境。G項中的“50 grams”也是提示。3．解析：根據(jù)空后一句“If it feels dry，it's time to water”可知，如果它摸起來干，就該是澆水的時候了。據(jù)此可推知，空處應(yīng)是介紹感知土壤干濕的方法，故D項符合語境。4．解析：根據(jù)該句中的“you need to hill them in case they will break”可知，培土是為了防止其斷掉。據(jù)此可推知，空處應(yīng)是介紹培土的時機，故F項符合語境，銜接下文。5．解析：根據(jù)空處所在的位置可知，空處為該段的主題句；結(jié)合空處下文內(nèi)容可知，該段主要介紹了收獲馬鈴薯的時間，故B項符合語境。 B1．and考查并列連詞。這里列舉了一些亞洲的國家，它們是并列關(guān)系，故填and。2．be made考查固定詞組。精美的筷子可能是由刻有漢字的金或銀制成的。sth. be made of…某物由……制成，情態(tài)動詞后跟動詞原形，故填be made。3．to create考查不定式作目的狀語。技術(shù)嫻熟的工人會把各種各樣的硬質(zhì)木材和金屬結(jié)合起來，以創(chuàng)造出特殊風(fēng)格的筷子。這里用不定式表目的，故填to create。44．using考查現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語。人們可能使用大鍋煮食物，用樹枝攪拌食物，use的邏輯主語是people，兩者是主動關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞表示伴隨狀況，故填using。5．as/when考查時間狀語從句。句意：隨著人口的增長，人們開始把食物切成小塊，這樣可以煮得快一點，這里是時間狀語從句，when意為＂當(dāng)……時候＂，故填as／when。6.gradually考查副詞。副詞修飾動詞或形容詞，這里修飾動詞短語turned into，應(yīng)該用副詞，故填gradually。7.who考查非限制性定語從句。劇中有逗號，說明是非限制性定語從句，先行詞是Confucius孔子，定語從句缺少主語，且指人，故填who。8.development考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。the＋名詞＋of，意為“……的……”，這里指“筷子的發(fā)展”，故填development。9.were考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)句意可知，這里指的是刀子因太暴力而不適合在餐桌上使用，believed后跟一個賓語從句，and連接了兩個并列的謂語，主語knives是復(fù)數(shù)，根據(jù)時態(tài)一致的原則，這里用一般過去時，故填were。10.with考查介詞。句意：在印度，大部分人還是用傳統(tǒng)的吃飯方法－－用手拿，with＋表示具體工具的名詞，故填with。   

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