2022屆高考英語高頻閱讀詞組+練習（三十）一：詞組梳理1．look around 環(huán)顧, show sb around 帶領(lǐng)某人參觀2．安排某人做某事情 arrange for sb to do sth3．arrive at +小地點(airport) , arrive in +大地點(Shanghai), arrive home, arrive late4．一件工藝品a work of art5．假花artificial flower , 假牙false teeth6．as he is a teacher =teacher as he is, as he is young=young as he is (as解釋為雖然=though)7．as he grows up 隨著年齡的長大 , as we all know 眾所周知8．as+形容詞+as 和…一樣 ,not so+形容詞+as 和…不一樣9．as far as I know 就我所知 ,as long as 只要10．as well as 也11．ask after sb 問候某人 , ask for sb 請求某人 , ask for help 請求幫忙12．fall asleep 入睡 , go to bed 上床睡覺 , go to sleep 入眠 , feel sleepy 感覺瞌睡的13．把…和…聯(lián)想在一起be associated with sth14．我向你保證…I assure you that … , assure sb of sth 向某人保證…15．心臟病heart attack16．企圖做某事情 make an attempt to do sth17．出席典禮attend the ceremony ,上學attend school18．注意… pay attention to sth/doing sth19．a large/small audience 一大/小批聽/觀眾 , 個觀眾 an audience of five hundred20．be tied to 束縛于,捆綁于 21．be tired of 厭倦┄,厭煩┄22．behind time 晚點 23．belief in 對…的真實性或正確性具有的信心 24．believe(… to be) 相信……是 25．better than 好于…26．beyond question 毋庸置疑 27．break away 脫離,逃跑 28．break down 損壞,分解,瓦解 29．break into 闖入 30．break in 強行進行,打斷 31．break off 斷絕,結(jié)束 32．break out 突發(fā),爆發(fā) 33．break through 突破 34．break up 終止,結(jié)束,打碎 35．bring about 產(chǎn)生36．bring forward 提出37．bring out 使出現(xiàn);公布;出版38．bring up 培養(yǎng),養(yǎng)大39．by accident 偶然,含有不幸的因素 40．by all means 無論如何,必定 41．by chance 偶然,意外地 42．by choice 處于選擇 43．by contrast 對比之下44．by means of 用,依靠; 借助于 45．by means of 借助于 46．by mistake 錯誤地 47．by the way 順便提一下 48．by virtue of 憑借,借助;因為49．by way of 經(jīng)由,通過…方式 50．call forth 喚起,引起 51．call for 邀請,要求,需要 52．call off 放棄,取消 53．call on/upon 訪問,拜訪 54．care for 照顧,關(guān)心 55．carry out 貫徹,執(zhí)行,實現(xiàn) 56．cast light on 闡明某事57．catch up with 趕上58．catch sight of 看見59．center on 把┄集中在,以┄為中心二：習題訓練（A）Do you have a younger brother? Does he always get in trouble? Well, there might be some science behind that. According to a report from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, second-borns are more likely than first-borns to behave badly, which could be why you from time to time consider your younger brother or sister sprites.Researchers, who explored data from tens of thousands of sibling(兄弟姐妹) pairs from Denmark and Florida, found second-borns are 20% to 40% more likely to have behavioral problems. If you’re the second-born child you may want to have a little chat with your parents. The reason why second-born siblings may be worse behaved than first-born is that parents tend to pay less attention to them.“Second-born children tend to have less attention from the mother than their older siblings because first-born children experience their mother’s maternity leave (產(chǎn)假). First-borns enjoy the rewards of not only their own time with Mum following their birth, but the time Mum takes off with younger siblings, too.” the authors explain. It’s not just about the parents, however. Speaking to NRP, co-author Joseph Doyle said, “The first-born has role models, who are adults. And the second, later-born children have role models who are slightly unreasonable 2-year-olds, you know, their older siblings. The difference of parental investments and the sibling influences probably contribute to these differences we see in the labor market and what we find in behaviors against regulations, even against laws. It’s just very difficult to separate those two things because they happen at the same time”The results, the authors argue, have an important effect on social policy.1．What does the underlined word “sprites” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A．LosersB．TroublemakersC．Close companionsD．Parents’ pets2．According to the report, what influences the second-born children’s behavior?A．Challenges of their elder siblingsB．The amount of attention they receive from parentsC．More family problems they are faced withD．Fewer chances of talking with others3．Joseph Doyle holds the opinion that the older siblings ______.A．have the same role models as their younger onesB．are not to blame for their younger siblings’ failureC．are partly responsible for their younger siblings’ problemsD．affect the parental investment and the labor market participation4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A．Parents Prefer First-Born KidsB．How Parents Improve Family RelationshipsC．Social Policy Guides Family EducationD．Why the Second-Born Tend to be Misbehaved （B）There are several reasons why school uniforms are good idea. First of all, uniforms help the school look smart. The students feel that they belong to a particular group. When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody ___1___ (have) to worry about fashion(時尚). Everybody wears___2___ same style of clothes. Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways, A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform. On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ___3___gives off light in the dark. When the children are walking or ___4___ (cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can ___5___ (easy) see them.But can uniforms help improve school standards? The answer ___6___ this question is not clear. One study in America found that students' grades ___7___ (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms. But some students didn't want ___8___ (wear) the uniform. Other American studies showed no ___9___(connect) between uniforms and school performance.School uniforms are ___10___ (tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them. Some very good schools don't have a uniform policy. However, uniforms are still popular. Pupils at about 90 percent of British secondary schools wear uniforms.答案及解析A【答案】1．B2．B3．C4．D【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要根據(jù)麻省理工學院的一份報告分析了為什么二胎孩子通常表現(xiàn)不佳。1．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中second-borns are more likely than first-borns to behave badly老二比老大更有可能行為不端?？芍艿苊妹脩摃砺闊┦?，因此猜測劃線詞sprites意為“麻煩制造者”。故選B項。2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中The reason why second-born siblings may be worse behaved than first-born is that parents tend to pay less attention to them.第二胎的兄弟姐妹比第一胎的表現(xiàn)更差的原因是父母往往不太關(guān)注他們?？芍ズ⒆訌母改改抢锏玫降年P(guān)注度影響了他們的行為。故選B項。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中The first-born has role models, who are adults. And the second, later-born children have role models who are slightly unreasonable 2-year-olds, you know, their older siblings. 第一個孩子有自己的榜樣，他們都是成年人。第二代，也就是晚出生的孩子，他們的榜樣是有點不理性的比他們大的2歲的孩子，你知道，就是他們的哥哥姐姐。由此判斷出，約瑟夫·道爾認為，年長的兄弟姐妹對他們弟弟妹妹的問題負有部分責任。故選C項。4．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中Do you have a younger brother? Does he always get in trouble? Well, there might be some science behind that. 你有弟弟嗎？他總是惹麻煩嗎？嗯，這背后可能有一些科學道理。以及第二段中According to a report from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, second-borns are more likely than first-borns to behave badly根據(jù)麻省理工學院的一份報告，老二比老大更有可能行為不端?？芍疚闹饕歉鶕?jù)報告分析了為什么二胎孩子表現(xiàn)不佳，因此本文的最佳標題是選項D“為什么第二胎的孩子會表現(xiàn)不佳”。故選D項。 B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了學生穿校服的幾個好處。1. has/will have【解析】考查時態(tài)。句意：當每個學生在校穿校服時，沒有人會擔心時尚問題。本句是when引導的時間狀語從句，遵循主將從現(xiàn)原則，因此，主句可以使用將來時will do；根據(jù)語境可知，本文敘述的是客觀事實，因此，本句亦可用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是nobody，謂語用has。故填will have/has。2.the 【解析】考查冠詞。句意：每個人都穿相同風格的衣服。same是形容詞，意思是“相同的”，常與the連用修飾名詞。故填the。3. that/which  【解析】考查定語從句。這是個限制性定語從句，先行詞是cloth，指物，從句中缺少主語，因此，可以用that或which引導。故填that/which。4. cycling【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：當孩子們在黑暗的早晨步行或騎車上學時，汽車司機很容易看到它們。or連接兩個并列成分，根據(jù)or前的walking可知，此處要用cycling。故填cycling。5. easily【解析】考查副詞。分析句式可知，設(shè)空處所給詞是修飾動詞see，修飾動詞要用副詞，因此，用easy的副詞形式。故填easily。6. to【解析】考查介詞。句意：這個問題的答案不清楚。the key/answer to ...這是固定搭配，“……的答案是……”。故填to。7. improved【解析】考查時態(tài)。句意：美國的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在學校引入校服后，學生的成績有所提高。本句是after引導的時間狀語從句，前后時態(tài)保持一致，從句使用了一般過去式，主句用一般過去式。故填improved。8. to wear【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：但是，有一些學生不想穿學生服。want to do sth想要做某事，這是want的固定用法。故填to wear。9. connection/connections【解析】考查名詞。句意：其他的美國研究表明校服和學校表現(xiàn)之間沒有聯(lián)系。no是形容詞，形容詞修飾名詞，位于名詞前，名詞可用復數(shù)也可用單數(shù)形式。connect是動詞，“聯(lián)系”的意思，因此，要用其名詞形式。故填connection/connections。10. traditional【解析】考查形容詞。句意：穿校服在英國是一個傳統(tǒng)，但是一些學校開始允許學生上學不用穿校服。are是系動詞，其后常用形容詞作表語，tradition是名詞，“傳統(tǒng)”的意思，因此，用其形容詞形式。故填traditional。 

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