課時(shí)素養(yǎng)評(píng)價(jià)
十一 Unit 4 Discvering Useful Structures
Ⅰ. 單句語(yǔ)法填空
1. There are many kinds f recreatinal facilities(facility) in ur schl.
2. They had sufficient(sufficiency) fd t sustain life.
3. While sleeping, astrnauts must attach themselves t smething t prevent flating(flat) arund.
4. She slved the prblem in an intelligent (intelligence) way.
5. Yet, they are nt as universal (universe)as we think.
6. What can g arund the earth withut rckets(rcket)?
7. Jhn Glenn, the American wh first rbited(rbit) the Earth, was welcmed with 3, 529 tnnes f ticker tape when he gt back.
8. But I want t be strng and independent(independence) ne day.
9. Keeping yur muscles(muscle) strng helps yu t avid back prblems.
10. He leaped (leap)frward and caught the ball.
Ⅱ. 根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示用短語(yǔ)完成句子
1. Make sure that yur bss knw yu are keen t (熱衷做某事)be prmted.
2. This curse will describe each f the planets in ur slar system(太陽(yáng)系).
3. Yu shuld recgnize the current situatin(當(dāng)前的形勢(shì)).
4. The scenery n the tp is beynd descriptin(難以描述).
5. She studied hard in the hpe f(懷著……的希望)being admitted int the key university.
6. They desired t visit their teacher(渴望去拜訪(fǎng)他們的老師).
7. Only by wrking hard can we succeed in ding everything(成功做好每件事).
8. Make sure(確保) that yu find the answers t these questins frm them.
9. It makes yu want t watch the next episde t find ut(弄明白) what’s ging t happen.
10. I wrked hard nly t fail(結(jié)果竟然失敗了)at last.
Ⅰ. 閱讀理解
(2019·長(zhǎng)沙高一檢測(cè))
A new study suggests that dark markings n the planet Mars represent sand—nt water. The research in 2015 suggested that lines n sme Martian hills were evidence f water. Yet American scientists nw say these lines appear mre like dry, flws f sand. If water is present, it is likely t be a small amunt. Water in liquid frm wuld be necessary fr micrbial(微生物的) life.
NASA, the American space agency, said mre research is needed. Michael Meyer is the lead scientist fr NASA’s Mars explratin prgramme. He nted that the latest study des nt reject the presence f water. But he admitted, “It just may nt be as exciting as the idea f rivers ging dwn the sides f cliffs(懸崖). ”
The new findings cme frm a team led by Clin Dundas f the United States Gelgical Survey. His team measured 151 f these lines in 10 areas. Mst f the lines end with slpes between 28 degrees and 35 degrees. These measurements are similar t active sand dunes(沙丘) n bth Mars and Earth. A small cvering f dust that mves and smetimes becmes lighter might help explain the markings. They usually appear in the Martian summertime, and then disappear until the next year. If these lines are dry, this suggests that recent Mars has nt had large vlumes f liquid water. Dundas and his research team say that many questins remain.
“I still think that Mars has a great ptential fr having had life early n in its histry, ” Meyer said. “As lng as that’s true, we als have a reasnable pssibility f life still being n Mars. It just happens t be cryptic r well hidden. ”
NASA currently has n rbtic vehicle—either n Mars r in develpment—with the ability t climb steep slpes. The lack f such equipment has engineers cming up with ideas like Martian helicpters r planes withut pilts.
【文章大意】本文主要講述了美國(guó)科學(xué)家的一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn): 火星上黑色的標(biāo)記是沙子而不是水。
1. What d American scientists find n Mars nw accrding t their study?
A. A lt f little life. B. An amunt f water.
C. Sme Martian hills. D. Dark markings are sand.
【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句可知, 科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)火星上的黑色標(biāo)記是沙子不是水。故選D。
2. When d the markings cme ut?
A. In Martian spring. B. In Martian summer.
C. In Martian autumn. D. In Martian winter.
【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第三句可知, 這樣的標(biāo)記會(huì)出現(xiàn)在火星的夏季。故選B。
3. What’s Meyer’s pinin abut having life n Mars?
A. Dubtful. B. Trustful.
C. Indifferent. D. Objective.
【解析】選B。觀(guān)點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可推知, Meyer還是相信火星上有生命。故選B。
4. What des the underlined wrd “cryptic” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A. Undiscvered. B. Strange.
C. Magical. D. Icy.
【解析】選A。詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)句中的r well hidden可知, cryptic的意思是“隱藏的; 沒(méi)被發(fā)現(xiàn)的”。故選A。
Ⅱ. 完形填空
閱讀下面短文, 掌握其大意, 從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中, 選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
Tm came frm France. It was his first visit t England, and he was lking frward t his first jurney n Lndn’s Undergrund Railway. And against his friends’ 1 , he was determined t travel 2 .
He entered the statin shrtly after five ’clck in the afternn. This is a 3 time t travel in Lndn, 4 crwds f peple g hme frm wrk at this hur. He 5 t jin a lng line f peple waiting fr tickets. When at last his 6 came, he had sme difficulty in making himself understd by the ticket seller. 7 , he gt the right ticket in the end and by asking peple the way, he als fund the right platfrm (月臺(tái)). It was 8 with peple.
Unfrtunately, he did nt 9 t get n the first train, but he was able t mve nearer t the platfrm s as t be in a better 10 t get n the next ne. When this train came in, Tm was 11 frward nt the train by the push f peple frm behind. The drs clsed and the train mved ff. He was unable t see the 12 f the statins where the train 13 but he knew that the statin he wanted was the sixth stp alng the line. When the train reached the sixth statin, Tm gt ff, feeling 14 that his jurney had been s easy. But he suddenly realized that he had cme t a statin he had never 15 . He explained his truble t a man wh was standing n the platfrm. With a smile n his face, he tld Tm that he had caught a train ging in the ppsite(相反的) directin.
【文章大意】本文記敘了Tm決定不聽(tīng)從朋友的建議, 獨(dú)自去倫敦游玩, 途中經(jīng)歷重重困難, 結(jié)果還坐錯(cuò)了車(chē)的故事。
1. A. thught B. advice C. relatin D. favur
【解析】選B。考查名詞辨析。 thught想法; advice建議; relatin關(guān)系; favur幫忙。結(jié)合上下文可知, 這是Tm 第一次去倫敦玩, 他盼望著倫敦的地鐵之旅, 所以沒(méi)有聽(tīng)朋友的建議(advice), 決定單獨(dú)行動(dòng)。故選B。
2. A. alngB. abradC. alneD. away
【解析】選C?？疾楦痹~辨析。alng一起; abrad在國(guó)外; alne獨(dú)自; away離去。Tm 盼望著倫敦的地鐵之旅, 所以沒(méi)有聽(tīng)朋友的建議, 決定單獨(dú)(alne)行動(dòng)。故選C。
3. A. shrtB. terribleC. pssibleD. certain
【解析】選B。考查形容詞辨析。shrt短的; terrible糟糕的; pssible可能的; certain必然的。Tm 在五點(diǎn)后上的地鐵, 這是一個(gè)糟糕的(terrible)出行時(shí)間, 因?yàn)橼s上了下班的晚高峰。故選B。
4. A. butB. andC. sD. because
【解析】選D?？疾檫B詞辨析。but但是; and并且; s因此; because因?yàn)?。結(jié)合上下文可知, 下午五點(diǎn)不適合坐地鐵, 因?yàn)?because)很多人在這個(gè)時(shí)間下班回家。故選D。
5. A. plannedB. hpedC. expectedD. had
【解析】選D?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。planned計(jì)劃; hped希望; expected期待; had不得不。因?yàn)橼s上晚高峰, 所以 Tm 不得不(have t)排長(zhǎng)隊(duì)等著買(mǎi)票。故選D。
6. A. turnB. timeC. chanceD. luck
【解析】選A?？疾槊~辨析。turn輪次; time時(shí)間; chance機(jī)會(huì); luck運(yùn)氣。結(jié)合上下文可知, 好不容易輪到(turn)Tm 買(mǎi)票了, 他卻發(fā)現(xiàn)他聽(tīng)不懂售票員說(shuō)什么。故選A。
7. A. BesidesB. Instead
C. HweverD. Hpefully
【解析】選C?？疾楦痹~辨析。Besides除此之外; Instead反而; Hwever然而; Hpefully有希望地。結(jié)合下文可知, Tm 聽(tīng)不懂售票員說(shuō)什么, 然而(hwever)他最后還是買(mǎi)對(duì)票了。故選C。
8. A. seizedB. caughtC. cveredD. crwded
【解析】選D。考查詞語(yǔ)辨析。seized 逮捕; caught抓住; cvered覆蓋; crwded擁擠。結(jié)合上下文可知, 月臺(tái)上擠滿(mǎn)(crwded)了人, 所以 Tm 沒(méi)能上去。故選D。
9. A. agreeB. tryC. manageD. expect
【解析】選C?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。agree同意; try嘗試; manage成功(做成); expect期待。結(jié)合下文 “ t get n the next ne” 可知, 第一班地鐵里擠滿(mǎn)了人, 所以 Tm 沒(méi)有成功(manage)擠上去, 要等下一班地鐵。故選C。
10. A. psitinB. stateC. situatinD. seat
【解析】選A?？疾槊~辨析。psitin位置; state狀況; situatin情況; seat座位。結(jié)合上下文可知, Tm 雖然沒(méi)能擠上第一班地鐵, 但是他往前移動(dòng)了一些, 這樣就有了好位置(psitin)能擠上下一班地鐵了。故選A。
11. A. sweptB. fughtC. tkD. brught
【解析】選A?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。swept 打掃, 橫掃; fught戰(zhàn)斗; tk帶走; brught帶來(lái)。結(jié)合上下文可知, 第二班地鐵來(lái)了之后, Tm 直接被后面的人橫掃(sweep)到車(chē)?yán)锪?。故選A。
12. A. signsB. namesC. pintsD. numbers
【解析】選B。考查名詞辨析。signs標(biāo)志; names名字; pints要點(diǎn); numbers數(shù)字。Tm 被人群擠上了車(chē), 他還沒(méi)來(lái)得及看各站的名稱(chēng)(name), 但是他知道是要去第六站。故選B。
13. A. leftB. mvedC. startedD. stpped
【解析】選D?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。left留下; mved 移動(dòng); started開(kāi)始; stpped停下。結(jié)合上下文可知, Tm 被人群擠上了車(chē), 他還沒(méi)來(lái)得及看那些會(huì)停車(chē)(stp)地的站名。故選D。
14. A. sickB. pleasedC. srryD. tired
【解析】選B。考查形容詞辨析。sick病的; pleased高興的; srry抱歉的; tired疲憊的。Tm 在第六站下了車(chē), 感到很高興(pleased), 因?yàn)樗穆贸淌侨绱巳菀住９蔬xB。
15. A. talked abutB. heard f
C. thught fD. arrived at
【解析】選B。考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。talked abut談?wù)? heard f聽(tīng)說(shuō); thught f想出; arrived at到達(dá)。結(jié)合下文 “ he had caught a train ging in the ppsite directin” 可知, Tm 并沒(méi)有到他要去的那個(gè)站, 而是到了一個(gè)沒(méi)聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)(hear f)的站。故選B。
Ⅲ. 語(yǔ)法填空
(2019·深圳高一檢測(cè))
I nce fund that helping smene culd get yu int a lt f truble.
I was in the 1. ________(nine) grade at the time, and we were having a final test. During the test, the girl 2. ________(sit) next t me whispered smething, but I didn’t understand. Finally I fund that she was trying t ask me 3. ________I had an extra pen. She shwed me that 4. ________(her) was ut f ink and wuld nt write. I happened t have an extra ne, s I put it n her desk.
Later, after the test papers had been turned in, the teacher 5. ________(ask) me t stay in the rm when all the ther students were dismissed. As sn as we were alne she began t talk t me abut hw imprtant it was 6. ________(stand) n my wn tw 7. ________(ft) and be respnsible fr my wn acts. Fr a lng time, she talked abut hnesty and emphasized the fact that 8. ________peple d smething dishnest, they are really cheating themselves. She made me prmise that I wuld think 9. ________(serius) abut all the things she had said, and then she tld me I culd leave. I walked ut f the rm wndering why she had chsen t talk t me
10. ________all thse things.
Later n, I fund ut that she thught I had cheated in the test.
【文章大意】考試中一同學(xué)向我借筆, 老師誤以為考試作弊對(duì)我進(jìn)行了教育。
1. 【解析】ninth?？疾樾驍?shù)詞。此處指“九年級(jí)”, 定冠詞the修飾序數(shù)詞, 故填ninth。
2. 【解析】sitting?？疾楝F(xiàn)在分詞。句中謂語(yǔ)是whispered, 現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)指坐在我旁邊的女孩, 故填sitting。
3. 【解析】if/whether?？疾橘e語(yǔ)從句。句意: 我發(fā)現(xiàn)她問(wèn)我是否有多余的筆。根據(jù)動(dòng)詞ask和語(yǔ)境可知填“是否”if/whether。
4. 【解析】hers。考查代詞。此處指“她的筆”, 相當(dāng)于her pen, 應(yīng)用名詞性物主代詞, 故填hers。
5. 【解析】asked?？疾閯?dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。全文講述的是過(guò)去發(fā)生的事, 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填asked。
6. 【解析】t stand?？疾閯?dòng)詞不定式。句中it是形式主語(yǔ), 不定式作真正的主語(yǔ)。故填t stand。
7. 【解析】feet。考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。此處由tw修飾, 即指“兩只腳”, 應(yīng)用ft的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填feet。
8. 【解析】when?？疾檫B詞。分析句意可知, 當(dāng)人們做一些不誠(chéng)實(shí)的事情時(shí), 他們實(shí)際上是在欺騙自己。故填when。
9. 【解析】seriusly。考查副詞。此處修飾動(dòng)詞think要用副詞, 指“認(rèn)真地想”。故填seriusly。
10. 【解析】abut?？疾榻樵~。分析句意可知, 我不知道為什么老師和我談?wù)撨@么多關(guān)于作弊的事情。故填abut。
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