eq \a\vs4\al\c1(基 礎(chǔ) 知 識)


Ⅰ.單詞拼寫


1．The shp ________ (收費) less if the custmers pay in cash.


2．Althugh he was pr, he was quite ________ (慷慨的) t his needy friends.


3．Wh will take part in the physics cntest will be ________ (宣布) at tmrrw's meeting.


4．Peple shuld decrease the ________ (數(shù)量)f fat they eat.


5．In rder t ________ (保證) success we must have a cmplete and thrugh plan.


6．We walk in the wds and fields that are typical features f the English ________ (風(fēng)景)．


7．The shw will be held in the art ________ (展覽館) next week.


8．Please add sme ________ (黃油) t the bread.


9．Oil prices have ________ (接近) their highest level fr almst ten years.


10．Mix the eggs, flur and ________ (蜂蜜) tgether.


Ⅱ.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空


1．The students like reading stries ________ (write) by the famus writer.


2．Many ________ (use) cmputers will be sld in this market.


3．Tsinghua University, ________ (fund) in 1911, is hme t a great number f utstanding figures.


4．Even the best writers smetimes find themselves ________ (lse) fr wrds.


5．With the cuple ________ (wrk) in a nearby twn, the huse seems pretty empty mst f the time.


6．In the jb interviews, sme applicants ften find themselves ________ (ask) unexpected questins, sme very difficult t answer.


7．I dn't want my children ________ (take) ut in such weather.


8．Helen had t shut t make herself ________ (hear) abve the sund f the music.


9．Can yu have the washing-machine ________ (send) t my huse?


10．Mst clleges nw ffer first-year students a curse specially ________ (design) t help them succeed academically and persnally.


11．The huse ________ (build) last year belngs t me.


12．The vlunteers ________ (chse) frm the schl will g t the flded area.


13．He lay n the grass, with his eyes ________ (fix) n the sky.


14．I must have my watch ________ (repair) fr it desn't wrk.


15．Please keep the dr ________ (clse). It's s cld utside.


Ⅲ.完成句子


1．通過電腦購買的商品的價格要比商店里的商品的價格低。


Prices f gds ____________________________ can be lwer than stre prices.


2．受傷的士兵們已經(jīng)被送往醫(yī)院。


____________________ have been sent t the hspital.


3．如果可能的話，你應(yīng)該檢查一下身體。


Yu shuld ________________________ if pssible.


4．我希望把這個房間刷成粉色。


I hpe t ________________________ pink.


5．他突然發(fā)現(xiàn)被那個女人騙了。


He suddenly fund himself ________ by the wman.











Ⅰ.閱讀理解


A


Other cultures can be different frm urs in many aspects! They can eat different fds and live in different types f huses. Peple prbably speak different languages and have beliefs and custms very different frm yurs. Hwever, they can als be similar in ways f cnnecting with each ther. We smetimes call these means f cmmunicatin universal languages.


Sme legends hld that, thusands f years ag, there was a single language spken by everyne n Earth. It is fun t think abut a time when everyne may have been able t cmmunicate in the same language thugh histrical evidence des nt supprt this,_f curse.


Tday, there are thusands f languages spken arund the wrld. Yet, there are sme means f cmmunicatin that g beynd wrds and allw peple f wildly different backgrunds t cmmunicate and share emtins and feelings. Fr example, sme peple believe music is a universal language. There may be sme scientific supprt fr this idea, t. Experts have learnt that, acrss cultures, peple can recgnise three cmmn emtins in music：happiness, sadness and fear.


S what ther types f universal languages might there be? Sme peple believe dance is a universal language. Alng with music, dancing seems t be a cmmn interest shared by peples all ver the wrld. D yu think yu culd see a dance frm anther culture and make sme reasnable guesses abut the ideas and emtins behind it? We bet yu culd!


Anther universal language that yu might nt have thught f is maths! If yu think abut it nw, thugh, it just makes sense. The value f pi is rughly 3.14159 n matter where yu are n Earth. Likewise, figuring ut the value f smething invlves the same mathematical calculatins, regardless f whether yu're cunting in dllars, pess r ccnuts.


1．What des the underlined wrd “this” in Paragraph 2 prbably refer t?


A．The view that peple nly used ne language.


B．The fact that there used t be many languages.


C．The evidence that prves ld languages funny.


D．The dubt that peple didn't understand each ther.


2．Why is music regarded as a universal language?


A．It can be enjyed by peple frm all walks f life.


B．It can be understd mre easily than languages.


C．It usually cmes frm different backgrunds.


D．It helps peple t share cmmn feelings.


3．What are the universal languages accrding t the passage?


A．Maths, English and music.


B．Music, dance and maths.


C．Histry, culture and music.


D．Emtin, pi and music.


4．What can be a suitable title fr the text?


A．Varius Differences in Different Cultures


B．Music Helps Peple Shw Feelings


C．Universal Languages Cnnect Different Cultures


D．Crss-cultural Cmmunicatin Histry


B


Mary Anning was an English fssil (化石) cllectr, dealer and palentlgist (古生物學(xué)家). Her fssil-hunting helped change the way peple thught abut the wrld.


Mary was brn int a pr family in England n May 21, 1799. She lived in the seaside twn f Lyme Regis, in Drset. The family had nine children. Only Mary and her brther Jseph grew up. Mary's father tk his children alng the beach. They picked up shells and stnes t sell t visitrs. Mary did nt g t schl much. Her family was t pr. And schls did nt teach children abut fssils. Mary culd read and write. She taught herself. She learned abut rcks and hw bdies are made.


In 1811 when Mary and Jseph were hunting fssils, Jseph saw a bne sticking ut f the rck. Mary had a hammer t chip away at the rck. Very carefully she uncvered it. She fund the first cmplete fssil f the ichthysaur (魚龍)．


Since then, Mary became crazy abut fssil-hunting. She liked t hunt n the beach after a strm. The wind, rain and waves made the rcks crumble. It was easy t spt fssils. Mst days Mary went fssil hunting with her dg, Tray.


Rich friends helped Mary by selling fssils fr her. They sent her mney. Scientists wrte letters and came t see her. One gd friend was William Buckland, a prfessr at Oxfrd University. Mary als pened a shp t sell fssils, stnes and shells. She chatted with visitrs.


Mary Anning died in 1847. Hw evlutin (進化) wrks was explained by Charles Darwin nt lng after Mary's death. Her fssils had helped scientists understand hw things began.


5．Why did Mary's father take his children alng the beach?


A．T enjy life.


B．T make a living.


C．T lk fr fssils.


D．T teach them abut fssils.


6．What can we learn abut Mary?


A．Her father was a palentlgist.


B．Her father educated her at hme.


C．She had nine brthers and sisters in all.


D．She might be ppular at that time.


7．Wh was the first ne t catch sight f the rck cntaining the first cmplete ichthysaur fssil?


A．Charles Darwin. B．Mary's dg.


C．Jseph. D．Mary.


8．What des the underlined wrd “crumble” in the furth paragraph mean?


A．Break. B．Shake.


C．Flat. D．Dive.


Ⅱ.七選五


One f the mst ppular places t see in Lndn is the Twer f Lndn. The building has std there since its cnstructin in 1078 by rder f William the Cnquerr. __1__ After the Nrmans had cnquered England, the Twer f Lndn became a symbl f that ppressin.


Althugh mst peple think f the beheadings (斬首) there, the twer was actually used n jyful ccasins as well. __2__ Then they wuld travel frm the twer t Westminster Abbey where they were crwned.


__3__ It was usually a place fr prisners wh were frm ryalty r wh were plitically imprtant. Sir Thmas Mre was ne f the mst famus prisners. He was sent t the twer after publicly disagreeing with King Henry Ⅷ ver his marriage t Anne Bleyn. Executins (死刑) were held n the Twer Green and a ttal f 112 prisners were executed there during the twer's use as a prisn.


Sme f the mst famus residents f the twer are nt even human. __4__ The ravens living at the twer are cnnected t a ppular legend. It is said that if the ravens leave the twer, the twer will fall and the King's rule will cme t an end. __5__


Nwadays, the Twer f Lndn is such a great place that it attracts visitrs frm all ver the wrld.


A．Befre being crwned, Kings wuld stay vernight at the twer.


B．The Twer f Lndn has played a prminent rle in English histry.


C．The twer gained attentin due t sme f the prisners that were kept there.


D．The twer is lcated n the nrth bank f the River Thames in central Lndn.


E．Therefre, the ravens' wings are usually cut shrt s that they cannt fly away.


F．A grup f cmmn ravens (烏鴉) have lived at the twer fr hundreds f years.


G．In its early days, the twer was used as a ryal residence and was called the White Twer.


Ⅲ.語法填空


The Laba Festival which is celebrated n the eighth day f the 1.________ (twelve) mnth f the Chinese lunar calendar is a traditinal Chinese hliday. “La” is the name f the mnth and “ba” has the same 2.________ (prnunce) as that f 8 in Chinese.


There are several 3.________ (stry) abut the rigin f this festival and it's difficult fr us t tell which ne is true. But tday what we d knw 4.________ (be) that this festival began as a way t hnur ancestrs. It was als 5.________ time fr the ancient Chinese t pray fr a gd harvest.


The majrity f Chinese have lng fllwed the traditin f 6.________ (eat) Laba prridge during the Laba Festival. 7.________ general, the prridge cntains eight ingredients, including sme beans and rice. 8.________ (traditinal), Laba prridge is the mst imprtant part f the festival. Als, it is imprtant that family members eat the prridge tgether.


9．________ custm is saking Laba garlic (蒜), 10.________ is the best seasning fr the dumpling feast at the Spring Festival.


課時作業(yè)(三) Discvering Useful Structures (Grammar)


必備知識基礎(chǔ)練


Ⅰ.單詞拼寫


1．charges 2.generus 3.annunced 4.amunt 5.ensure


6．landscape 7.gallery 8.butter 9.apprached 10.hney


Ⅱ.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空


1．written 2.used 3.funded 4.lst 5.wrking 6.asked


7．taken 8.heard 9.sent 10.designed 11.built 12.chsen


13．fixed 14.repaired 15.clsed


Ⅲ.完成句子


1．bught thrugh the cmputer 2.The wunded sldiers


3．have yur bdy checked 4.have the rm painted 5.cheated


關(guān)鍵能力綜合練


Ⅰ.閱讀理解


A


【語篇解讀】 本文為說明文。其他文化可能在很多方面與我們的不同，但是在連接彼此的方式上也可能是相似的。我們有時稱這些溝通方式為通用語言。文章主要介紹了什么是通用語言。


1．答案與解析：A 詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞所在句句意“雖然歷史證據(jù)并不支持這一點，但是想想，有那么一個時代，每個人都能用同一種語言進行交流，是很有趣的”可知，this指的是“每個人都能用同一種語言進行交流”。故選A項。


2．答案與解析：D 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的Experts have learnt that, acrss cultures, peple can recgnise three cmmn emtins in music：happiness, sadness and fear. 可知，人們認為音樂是一種通用的語言，是因為它幫助人們分享共同的感情。故選D項。


3．答案與解析：B 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的Fr example, sme peple believe music is a universal language.及第四段中的Sme peple believe dance is a universal language.和第五段中的Anther universal language that yu might nt have thught f is maths！可知，音樂、舞蹈和數(shù)學(xué)被認為是通用語言。故選B項。


4．答案與解析：C 主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了什么是通用語言，因此C項“通用語言連接不同的文化”適合作本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選C項。


B


【語篇解讀】 本文為記敘文，講述了Mary Anning的生平事跡。Mary是英國化石收藏家、經(jīng)銷商和古生物學(xué)家，她的化石搜尋幫助改變了人們思考世界的方式。


5．答案與解析：B 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段首句Mary was brn int a pr family in England n May 21,1799.和第五、六句Mary's father tk his children alng the beach. They picked up shells and stnes t sell t visitrs.可知，Mary家境貧寒，父親帶著孩子們沿海灘撿貝殼和石頭賣給游客，以維持生計。


6．答案與解析：D 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段首句Since then, Mary became crazy abut fssil-hunting.和第五段前三句Rich friends helped Mary by selling fssils fr her. They sent her mney. Scientists wrte letters and came t see her.以及第五句Mary als pened a shp t sell fssils, stnes and shells.等可知，自從發(fā)現(xiàn)了魚龍化石，Mary就迷上了化石，有錢的朋友幫她賣化石，科學(xué)家們寫信并來看她，她還開了一家商店賣化石、石頭和貝殼，因此推斷那時候她很受歡迎。


7．答案與解析：C 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段首句In 1811 when Mary and Jseph were hunting fssils, Jseph saw a bne sticking ut f the rck.可知，Jseph首先看到了魚龍化石。


8．答案與解析：A 詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段第二、三、四句She liked t hunt n the beach after a strm. The wind, rain and waves made the rcks crumble. It was easy t spt fssils.可知，她喜歡在暴風(fēng)雨后到海灘上搜尋化石，因為風(fēng)、雨和海浪會使巖石崩裂，從而使發(fā)現(xiàn)化石更容易。


Ⅱ.七選五


【語篇解讀】 本文是一篇說明文。倫敦塔歷史悠久，在這漫長的歷史長河中，它曾經(jīng)是帝王的宮殿，也曾作為監(jiān)獄使用過。


1．答案與解析：G 根據(jù)下文的“After the Nrmans had cnquered England...”可知，所填的句子介紹的是倫敦塔的初期，G項符合語境。


2．答案與解析：A 根據(jù)下文的“Then they wuld travel frm the twer t Westminster Abbey where they were crwned.”可知，A項“在加冕前，國王通常在塔里過夜”符合語境。


3．答案與解析：C 本段中提到曾關(guān)押在塔里的一些貴族和政要囚犯。由此可知，C項“由于一些囚犯被關(guān)在那里，這座塔受到了人們的關(guān)注”可作為本段的主題句。


4．答案與解析：F 前面提到“塔中的一些居民不是人”，F(xiàn)項提到烏鴉，是對上文內(nèi)容的解釋說明。


5．答案與解析：E 根據(jù)空格前的“據(jù)說如果烏鴉離開塔，塔就會倒塌，國王的統(tǒng)治就會結(jié)束”可知，E項“因此，烏鴉的翅膀通常會被剪短，這樣它們就不能飛走了”符合語境。


Ⅲ.語法填空


【語篇解讀】 本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了中國的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日——臘八節(jié)。


1．答案與解析：twelfth 考查數(shù)詞。這里是指第十二個月，且前面有the，所以應(yīng)用序數(shù)詞。故填twelfth。


2．答案與解析：prnunciatin 考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。在the same后作has的賓語，應(yīng)用名詞。故填prnunciatin。


3．答案與解析：stries 考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。stry是可數(shù)名詞，前有several修飾，所以應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填stries。


4．答案與解析：is 考查主謂一致。be在此是謂語動詞，主語是主語從句what we d knw，謂語動詞應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填is。


5．答案與解析：a 考查冠詞。句意為：這也是中國古人祈求豐收的一個時間。此處泛指一個時間，其前應(yīng)用不定冠詞。故填a。


6．答案與解析：eating 考查非謂語動詞。設(shè)空處作介詞f的賓語，應(yīng)用動名詞。故填eating。


7．答案與解析：In 考查固定搭配。in general為固定搭配，意為“總的來講”。故填I(lǐng)n。


8．答案與解析：Traditinally 考查副詞。修飾整個句子應(yīng)用副詞作狀語。故填Traditinally。


9．答案與解析：Anther 考查代詞。這里是說，臘八節(jié)的另外一個傳統(tǒng)是泡臘八蒜。故填A(yù)nther。


10．答案與解析：which 考查定語從句關(guān)系詞。________ is the best seasning fr the dumpling feast at the Spring Festival是非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞Laba garlic，關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作主語，所以應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which。故填which。





必備知識基礎(chǔ)練
進階訓(xùn)練第一層
關(guān)鍵能力綜合練
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