Unit 4HISTORY AND TRADITIONSReading and Thinking【教學目標】1.理解并熟練掌握本課的重要詞匯與句式;2. 使學生能夠了解并掌握過去分詞作定語和賓語補足語的用法,并在真實語境中運用。【教學重難點】1.理解并熟練掌握本課的重要詞匯與句式;2. 使學生能夠了解并掌握過去分詞作定語和賓語補足語的用法,并在真實語境中運用。【教學過程】Step 1 Lead inReview the main idea of WHAT’S IN A NAME? by asking some students to retell the text.Step 2知識梳理一、過去分詞作定語的意義1. 及物動詞的過去分詞作定語,在語態(tài)上表示被動;在時間上,常表示動作已經發(fā)生或完成,有時也不表示時間性。Our teacher watched us doing the experiment and gave us a satisfied smile at last.我們的老師看著我們做實驗,最后給了我們一個滿意的微笑。The plan put forward at the meeting will be carried out soon.會上提出的計劃將很快被執(zhí)行。2.不及物動詞的過去分詞作定語,它不表示被動意義,只強調動作完成。Many little kids like gathering fallen leaves in the yard.許多小孩子喜歡在庭院里收集落葉。The risen sun is shining brightly in the morning.早上已升起的太陽正明亮地閃耀著。(2019?北京卷)Earth Day, ____________(mark) on 22 April, is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection.解析:句意:地球日在4月22日舉行,是一項旨在提高公眾環(huán)保意識的年度事件。mark在這里是“慶祝,紀念(重要事件)”之意,是及物動詞,Earth Day與之是被動關系,此處的字面意思是“地球日在4月22日被慶?!?,故用過去分詞短語作定語。二、過去分詞作定語的位置1.前置定語一般情況下,單個過去分詞作前置定語,即放在所修飾詞之前。The polluted water was to blame for the spread of cholera.被污染的水造成了霍亂的傳播。We needed much more qualified workers.我們需要更多的合格的工人。2.后置定語過去分詞短語作定語時往往作后置定語,即放在所修飾詞之后,它的作用相當于一個定語從句。He is a teacher loved by his students.他是一位受學生愛戴的老師。The book published ten years ago is still a best-seller today.十年前出版的這本書現在仍然是一本暢銷書。3.過去分詞與現在分詞作定語的區(qū)別例如:As we all know, China is a developing country.眾所周知,中國是一個發(fā)展中國家。The visitor is from a developed country.這位游客來自一個發(fā)達國家。4.過去分詞(done)、現在分詞的被動語態(tài)(being done)與動詞不定式的被動語態(tài)(to be done)作定語的區(qū)別例如:The building built last year is our classroom building.去年建造的那棟樓是我們的教學樓。The building being built now is our classroom building.現在正在建造的那棟樓是我們的教學樓。The building to be built next month is our classroom building.下個月將要建造的那棟樓是我們的教學樓。三、常見的過去分詞作賓語補足語的情況1.過去分詞用在表狀態(tài)的動詞keep, leave等詞的后面作賓語補足語。He passed away, leaving his works unfinished.他去世了,留下他的著作還未完成。2.過去分詞用在使役動詞have/get和make的后面作賓語補足語。(1)“have/get+賓語+過去分詞”表示“讓別人做某事”。He wants to have/get his eyes examined tomorrow.他明天想去檢查眼睛。Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English improved in a short period.珍妮希望史密斯先生會建議一個好的方法以使她的英語寫作在短期內得到提升。(2)在“make+賓語+過去分詞”這種結構中,過去分詞表示結果。They managed to make themselves understood by using very simple English.他們用很淺易的英語來設法使自己被理解。3.感官動詞see, hear, notice, observe, watch, feel, find等后,可用過去分詞作賓語補足語。When we saw the road blocked with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.當我們看到道路被雪封住后,我們決定在家過假期。4.表示“意愿;命令”的動詞,如like, want, wish, expect, order等可用過去分詞作賓語補足語。The manager ordered the work finished at the end of this week.經理要求在本周末完成這項工作。5.過去分詞用在“with+賓語+賓補”這一結構中,過去分詞與賓語之間是動賓關系。With every problem settled, he began to think of a journey.每一個問題解決后,他開始考慮旅行。Step 3 知識答疑1. 核查同學們的自學情況,收集問題逐步答疑。2. 根據課前自學內容,對過去分詞作定語和賓補的相關知識進行更詳細的補充說明。3. 讓學生把從課文中找到帶有過去分詞的句子寫出來,并分析過去分詞在句子中充當什么成分。Step 4小試牛刀用括號內單詞的適當形式填空。1. In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message ______(hide) within the work.2. Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself ______(remind) of his own dreams.3. Claire had her luggage ______(check) an hour before her plane left.4. I was surprised to find my hometown _______(change) so much.5. Those woods gave us all a sense of _______(belong).6. It could be a bit problematic, _______(legal) speaking.Step 5 Homework課后練習