A peple withut the knwledge f their past histry, rigin and culture is like a tree withut rts.--- Marcus Garvey一個不了解自己歷史，起源和文化的民族，就如同一棵無根之樹。 ——馬庫斯·賈維
Westminster Bridge
Teaching bjectives
1.T stress the imprtance f Cnfucius and his philsphy;2.T knw abut the histric sites in Qufu abut Cnfucius;3.Listen t peple talk abut histric places and share yur wn experiences.
Cnfuciusmansincemeteryphilsphydescendant individualheelAchilles’ heel
n. 孔子 n. 公館；宅第n. 墓地；公墓n. 哲學(xué)n. 后裔；后代；子孫adj. 單獨的；個別的n. 個人n. 足跟；(腳,襪子、鞋等的）后跟（喻）（希雅神語）阿喀琉斯的腳跟, 致命的弱點
brn in 551 BCE, is an ancient Chinese thinker, plitician, educatr and funder f Cnfucianism.
Cnfucius initiated the private lecture style, advcating benevlence(仁慈）, righteusness （正義）, prpriety （禮節(jié)）, wisdm and trust.
He led sme f his disciples t travel arund the wrld fr 14 years, and in his later years revised the Six Classics (" Petry ", "Bk", "Rites", "Music", "Yi" and "Spring and Autumn"). After his death, his disciples and his disciples recrded the wrds and deeds, sayings and thughts f Cnfucius and his disciples, and cmpiled them int the Analects （文選；論集）f Cnfucius.
His ideas have had a prfund impact n China and the wrld.
Famus sayings frm Cnfucius:
Learning withut reflecting leads t cnfusin.Review the ld and learn the new.D nt d t thers what yu d nt want thers t d t yu.Make n scial distinctins in teaching.When seeing a persn with high caliber, strive t be his equal.T learn and at due time t repeat what ne has learnt, isn’t that after all a pleasure?
己所不欲勿施于人溫故而知新學(xué)而不思則罔有教無類見賢思齊學(xué)而時習(xí)之，不亦樂乎?
1.Befre yu listen, lk at sme phts f Qufu. What can yu say abut these places?
Befre-listening
Temple f Cnfucius
Kng Family Mansin
Cemetery f Cnfucius
2.Listen t a cnversatin between a British turist and a Chinese student in Qufu, and then write dwn what they say abut Cnfucius.
While-listening
He was a wise man.He lived ver 2,500 years ag.
Cnfucius has ver 3 millin descendants.He was a great educatr and had many ideas abut educatin.He was ne f the greatest minds in histry.
1. Cnfucius said that learning withut understanding leads t cnfusin.2. Xia Kng is ding a research prject n Cnfucius philsphy.3. As ne f Cnfucius’ descendants, Xia Kng’s name is recrded in the family tree.4. Dacheng Hall is the tallest building in Qufu.
3.Listen again and decide whether these statements are true(T), false(F) r nt mentined(NM). Then answer the questin.
Why d yu think William said his hmetwn was similar t Qufu?
A. There are famus halls in his hmetwn.B. There are n tall buildings in his hmetwn.C. Bth places have a famus persn wh was brn there.D. His hmetwn desn’t allw ther buildings t be mre nticeable than the histric buildings.
Wiliam: Excuse me, d yu speak English? I'm lking fr the Cnfucius Temple, but I’m nt gd at maps-they’re my Achilles’ heel!Xia Kng: Oh, hell, yes. Cme with me-I’m ging t the temple right nw. By the way, what des “Achilles’ heel” mean?William: Oh, it means that smething is my weakness-I'm really bad with maps! S d yu knw much abut Cnfucius? He's ne f my favurite philsphers. He was such a wise man.Xia Kng: Oh, yes. I was brn here. In fact, I believe I am a descendant f Cnfucius himself.William: N way, yu're pulling my leg, right? S hw d yu knw yu're related t Cnfucius? Didn't he live ver 2,500 years ag?Xia Kng: Yes, but his family tree is well recrded. He has ver three millin descendants. Srry again, what des “pulling my leg” mean?William: Oh, srry, it means t jke with smene. Anyway, s yu're actually ging t the temple t pay respects t yur relative?
Xia Kng: Well, yes. But I’m als meeting my study grup there. We are ding a research prject n Cnfucius’ ideas n educatin. Yu knw, Cnfucius was a great educatr, and he had many great ideas abut educatin. Fr example, he talked abut the relatinship between learning and reflecting. He believed that learning withut reflecting leads t cnfusin… Oh, lk, the temple is just ver there.William: Oh, great! What's that big building ver there?Xia Kng: Oh, that’s the famus Dacheng Hall. Yu knw, it's s well-respected in Qufu that n ther building in the city can be taller than it.William: Ww, nw that’s respect. That’s a little bit like my hmetwn-Stratfrd-upn-Avn.Xia Kng: Wait, yu mean where Shakespeare was frm? What a cincidence-Cnfucius and Shakespeare, tw f the greatest minds in histry! I really want t visit the UK-I’m really interested in British histry and culture.William: Oh, that’s great! S later we can g fr a cup f tea and have a chat abut it. And it wuld be great if yu culd take me smewhere t get my watch fixed.Xia Kng: OK, n prblem! S cme and meet my study grup-we can tell yu all abut the temple. And hw lng are yu staying in Qufu? I can shw yu the Cemetery f Cnfucius and the Kng Family Mansin as well…William: Really? That’s s kind! I need all the help I can get-I'm like a fish ut f water!
4. Write dwn the English idims that are used in the cnversatin. Explain their meanings and think abut sme Chinese equivalents.
An idim is an expressin which means smething different frm the meaning f the individual wrds. Sme idims present an idea r paint a picture that gives a hint as t the meaning. Other idims can nly be understd frm the cntext in which they appear.
English idims
smething that is smene’s weakness
t jke with smene
Smething wh feels uncmfrtable because they are in an unfamiliar place
Discuss in paris and guess the Chinese equivalent f the fllwing English idims.
Wrk in pairs!Share yur ideas with yur partner.
Share yur idea!
1. What d yu knw abut Cnfucius’ ideas n educatin? Think f tw r three examples.
Educatin was ne f Cnfucius’ cre values. He believed learning abut the past wuld help us knw the future. He als thught educatin helped bring peace and prsperity. He als thught it was imprtant t use and apply what we have learnt in ur educatin.
What else d yu knw abut Cnfucius and his philsphy?
Cnfucius was a great thinker, educatr, and philspher. His principles had a great influence n Chinese traditins and beliefs. He believed strngly in strng family lyalty and respect fr thers. He believed in the s-called “glden rule” f philsphy: D nt d t thers what yu d nt want thers t d t yu.
一般來說，相鄰的兩個單詞屬于同一意群時，前一詞末尾的某些音素和后一詞詞首的某些音素，可能會連起來讀。 連讀會使我們說的英語更加流暢、悅耳。但是,連讀應(yīng)是在一種快速語流中自然形成的現(xiàn)象，而不是為了連讀而去連讀。
1. 輔音+元音: 相鄰的兩詞中，前一個以輔音結(jié)尾，后一個以元音開頭時，一般將輔音和元音連起來讀。eg: nt at all wrk it ut turn it ff Please pick it up
3. 元音+元音:前一個單詞以/i/或/i:/結(jié)尾，后一個單詞以元音開頭時，添加/j/后連讀；前一個單詞以/u/或/u:/結(jié)尾，后一個單詞以元音開頭，添加/w/后連讀。eg: I agree. G ut.
/aij ??ɡri? /
/ ɡ??w ?a?t /
2. 輔音字母r或re+元音:前一個詞以-r或-re結(jié)尾，后一個詞以元音開頭，此時r或re要發(fā)/r/音，并與其后的元音連讀。eg: fr us and fr ever here and there fr instance Where is it?
Read this part f the pem “If-” written by British pet Rudyard Kipling(拉迪亞德·吉卜林). Ntice the linking sunds. Then mark the linking sunds after the mdel.
1.Read the listening material an ral presentatin abut “An intrductin f a histric site”.

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Unit 4 History and traditions

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