Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note
基礎(chǔ)自主檢測(cè)

閱讀識(shí)記
Ⅰ.英譯漢
1.birthplace n. 出生地；故鄉(xiāng)
2.phrase n. 短語；詞組；慣用語
3.pavement n. 人行道
4.embassy n. 大使館；大使及其官員
5.genuine adj. 真的；真誠(chéng)的
6.barber n. 理發(fā)師
Ⅱ.漢譯英
1.businessman n. 商人
2.bay n. 海灣
3.envelope n. 信封
4.scream vi. 尖聲叫　n. 尖叫聲；喊叫聲
5.rag n. 破布；碎布
6.bow vi.& n. 鞠躬；彎腰
高頻應(yīng)用
1.wander vi. 漫游；漫步；漂泊
2.ahead adv. 在前；向前；提前
3.stare vi. 凝視；盯著看
4.fault n. 過錯(cuò)；缺點(diǎn)；故障
5.spot vt. 發(fā)現(xiàn)；認(rèn)出　n. 斑點(diǎn)；污點(diǎn)；地點(diǎn)
6.passage n. 船費(fèi) (包括食宿)；通道；(一)段
7.account vi.& vt. 認(rèn)為；說明；總計(jì)有　n. 說明；理由；計(jì)算；賬目
8.contrary n. 反面；對(duì)立面　adj. 相反的；相違的
9.amount n. 數(shù)量
10.manner n. 禮貌；舉止；方式
11.indeed adv. 真正地；確實(shí)；實(shí)在
拓展變形
1.novel (n.) 小說；長(zhǎng)篇故事 (adj.) 新奇的；異常的→novelist (n.) 小說家
2.adventure (n.) 奇遇；冒險(xiǎn)→adventurous (adj.) 冒險(xiǎn)的
3.scene (n.) (戲劇)一場(chǎng)；現(xiàn)場(chǎng)；場(chǎng)面；景色→scenery (n.) 景色
4.permit (vt.& vi.) 許可；允許；準(zhǔn)許 (n.) 通行證；許可證；執(zhí)照→permission (n.) 允許；許可→permitted (過去式/過去分詞)
5.seek (vt.& vi.) 尋找；探索；尋求→sought (過去式/過去分詞)
6.patience (n.) 耐性；忍耐→patient (adj.) 耐心的；有耐性的→patiently (adv.) 有耐心地
7.believe (vt.) 相信；信任→belief (n.) 信念；信仰→unbelievable (adj.) 難以置信的→believable (adj.) 可相信的
8.rude (adj.) 粗魯?shù)?；無禮的→rudely (adv.) 粗魯?shù)亍鷕udeness (n.) 粗魯


1.前綴un-必備形容詞集錦
①unbelievable 難以置信的
②unable 不能的，不會(huì)的
③unimportant 不重要的
④unequal 不平等的
⑤unreasonable 不合理的
⑥unwilling 不愿意的
2.以-ssion結(jié)尾的名詞集錦
①permission 許可
②discussion 討論
③possession 擁有
④expression 表情
⑤impression 印象


一 動(dòng)詞＋介/副詞
1.bring up 撫養(yǎng)；培養(yǎng)；教育；提出
2.go ahead 前進(jìn)；(用于祈使句)可以；往下說
3.stare at 凝視；盯著看
4.account for 導(dǎo)致；解釋
二 介詞＋名詞
5.in rags 衣衫襤褸
6.by accident 偶然；無意中；不小心
7.on the contrary 與此相反；正相反
三 動(dòng)詞＋名詞
8.make a bet 打賭
9.take a chance 冒險(xiǎn)
四 其他
10.a large amount of 許多；大量
11.as for 關(guān)于；至于
12.from the bottom of one's heart 發(fā)自內(nèi)心

1.“v.＋for”高頻短語聚焦
①account for 是……的原因；解釋；占(比例)
②apply for 申請(qǐng)
③call for 要求；需要　　　　 ④care for 喜歡
⑤answer for 對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé) ⑥arrange for 安排
⑦leave for 出發(fā)去(某地) ⑧hope for 希望；期望
2.“take a(n)＋n.”一覽
①take a chance 冒險(xiǎn)；碰運(yùn)氣
②take an opportunity 抓住機(jī)會(huì)
③take a seat 就座
④take a shower 淋浴，洗澡
⑤take an exam 參加考試
⑥take an example 舉例，示范
⑦take a nap 小睡一會(huì)兒
⑧take a break 休息一下


1.find＋賓語＋賓語補(bǔ)足語
Well, towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea (發(fā)覺自己被刮到海里去了) by a strong wind.(教材P18)
2.had just done ... when ... “剛做完……，這時(shí)……”
The next morning I'd just about given myself up (我正感到絕望的時(shí)候) for lost when I was spotted by a ship (這時(shí)一艘船發(fā)現(xiàn)了我). (教材P18)
3.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型： It＋be＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that ...
And it was the ship that (正是那艘船) brought you to England. (教材P18)
4.主語從句：It is well-known that ... “眾所周知”，it作形式主語，后面的that從句為真正的主語
It is well-known that (眾所周知) Americans like to eat a lot. (教材P22)
5.whenever＝no matter when，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句
Indeed, sir, I hope you'll come here whenever you like (您想來的時(shí)候就來). (教材P22)


單句語法填空
1.At this moment, they see a penniless young man (wander) on the pavement.
答案：wandering
2.It is Henry Adams, an American businessman, is lost in London and does not know what he should do.
答案：who
3.I wonder, Mr Adams, you'd mind us asking a few questions.
答案：if
4.The fact is I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand, accounts for my appearance.
答案：that; which
5. you don't mind, may I ask you how much money you have？
答案：If
6.We know you're hard-working. That's we've given you the letter.
答案：why
7.It's (amaze) how much pleasure you get out of the simple things in life.
答案：amazing
8.Henry is surprised but the owner and the waiter are 　　　　 (shock).
答案：shocked
9.I'm so sorry, sir, I cannot change this bank note.
答案：but
10.You must come whenever you want and have you like.
答案：whatever

考點(diǎn)步步?jīng)_關(guān)

1 scene　n. (戲劇)一場(chǎng)；現(xiàn)場(chǎng)；場(chǎng)面；景色
Act I, Scene 3 (P17)
第一幕，第3場(chǎng)
on the scene 在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)；出現(xiàn)；到場(chǎng)
behind the scenes 在幕后；暗中
be/come on the scene 出場(chǎng)；登場(chǎng)
[名師點(diǎn)津]　scene有“場(chǎng)景；場(chǎng)面；地點(diǎn)”的含義，后接定語從句時(shí)，若關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作狀語，一般用關(guān)系副詞where或in which來引導(dǎo)。

即時(shí)練1
單句語法填空
①Nine people died the scene and one more person died in hospital in the car crash.
②On receiving the call, the police rushed to the scene, a traffic accident happened.
答案：①on?、趙here/in which

2 permit　v．允許；準(zhǔn)許；許可
n．許可證；執(zhí)照；通行證
Permit me to lead the way, sir. (P18)
先生，請(qǐng)讓我來帶路吧。
允許某人(做)某事
permit doing sth. 允許做某事
a driver's/driving permit 駕駛執(zhí)照
(2)permission n. [U]允許；許可
with/without one's permission 得到允許/未經(jīng)允許
ask for permission 請(qǐng)求允許
[名師點(diǎn)津]　與permit一樣，后面直接跟doing或sb. to do sth.的動(dòng)詞還有：encourage, allow, advise, recommend, forbid等。

即時(shí)練2
單句語法填空
①She had asked the government for (permit) to move the books to a safe place, but they refused.
②The government has already permitted the company (use) special materials to make it easier for the vehicle to fly.
答案：①permission　②to use
單句寫作
③時(shí)間允許的話，我要去參觀長(zhǎng)城。
， I will visit the Great Wall.(用if從句)
→ ， I will visit the Great Wall.(用獨(dú)立主格形式)
④你若沒有駕駛執(zhí)照，就不允許開這輛車。
Without you drive the car.
⑤沒有你的許可，我決不會(huì)執(zhí)行這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。
， I will never carry out the project.
答案：③If time permits; Time permitting　④a driver's/driving permit; are not permitted to?、軼ithout your permission

3 account　vi.& vt.認(rèn)為；說明；總計(jì)有　
n．說明；理由；計(jì)算；賬目；報(bào)道
The fact is that I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand, which accounts for my appearance.(P18)
事實(shí)上我靠做義工來頂替船費(fèi)，這就是我為什么衣冠不整的原因了。
(1)account for 解釋；說明；占……(比例)
(2)on account of 由于；因?yàn)?br /> on no account 決不(置于句首時(shí)，句子用部分倒裝)
(3)take ... into account＝take ... into consideration 考慮……
(4)open an account 開設(shè)賬戶

即時(shí)練3
根據(jù)提示，在下面表示“決不”的短語中填入介詞
① no case
② no means
③ no time
④ no way
⑤ no circumstances
⑥ no account
答案：①in?、赽y?、踑t?、躨n?、輎n/under?、辭n
單句寫作
⑦因?yàn)槿卞X，她不能繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)了。
Lack of money her not continuing her studies.
⑧他由于健康不佳而退休了。
He retired poor health.
⑨離開住宅時(shí)千萬要鎖門。
On no account left unlocked.
⑩那可能還不錯(cuò)，但是我們必須全面考慮。
That might be OK, but we must .
答案：⑦accounts for?、鄌n account of　⑨should the house be?、鈚ake everything into account/consideration

4 seek　vt.& vi.(sought, sought) 尋找；探索；尋求
I went to the American embassy to seek help, but ... (P18)
我去美國(guó)大使館求助，但是……
seek after/for sth. 追尋/追求/尋找某物
seek sth. from sb. 向某人尋求某物
seek one's fortune 尋找致富及成功之道
seek sb./sth. out 找出或找到某人/某物
seek to do sth.＝try/attempt to do sth. 試圖/企圖做某事
[名師點(diǎn)津]　表示“尋找”的短語還有：look for, search for, hunt for等。

即時(shí)練4
單句語法填空
①How can we seek a really suitable person for the job?
②He is a man who likes seeking wealth and power.
③We seek (help) every student discover the joy and fulfillment in the process of learning.
答案：①out?、赼fter?、踭o help
單句寫作
④事實(shí)是現(xiàn)在很多年輕人正在大城市尋找發(fā)財(cái)?shù)臋C(jī)會(huì)。
The fact is that nowadays many young people are in big cities.
答案：seeking their fortune


1
bring up 撫養(yǎng)；培養(yǎng)；教育；提出；嘔吐
教材
原句
He was brought up in Hannibal, Missouri, along the Mississippi River.(P17)
他在密西西比河畔密蘇里州的漢尼拔長(zhǎng)大。
bring about 導(dǎo)致；造成
bring back 帶回；恢復(fù)；使回憶
bring down 降低；減少
bring in 帶來；引進(jìn)；賺錢
bring out 使顯現(xiàn)；出版
bring sth. to life 使……復(fù)蘇

即時(shí)練1
寫出下列句中bring up的含義
①These are matters that you can bring up in the committee.
②We are brought up to respect others.
③Her parents died when she was a baby and she was brought up by her aunt.
④He was so sick that he brought up everything.
答案：①提出　②教育?、劢逃粨狃B(yǎng)　④嘔吐
用bring相關(guān)短語的適當(dāng)形式填空
⑤He left her to three young children on her own.
⑥His singing my memories of my father.
⑦The new plan will the inflation rate.
⑧The boy about 30 dollars a week by doing that odd job.
答案：⑤bring up?、辀rings back?、遙ring down　⑧brings in

2
go ahead 前進(jìn)；先走；(用于祈使句)可以；往下說；請(qǐng)說；請(qǐng)做；干吧；開始吧
教材
原句
Go right ahead.(P18)
請(qǐng)問吧。
go ahead with ... 開始/進(jìn)行……
go against 反對(duì)；不利于；與……相背
go without 沒有……也行；將就……
go out 外出；(燈、火)熄滅
go over 仔細(xì)檢查；反復(fù)研究
go through 仔細(xì)查看；遭受；經(jīng)歷
go after 追求；設(shè)法獲得
go wrong 出毛病

即時(shí)練2
用go相關(guān)短語的適當(dāng)形式填空
①—Do you mind if I smoke here?
— .
② your story; we are all ears.
③The famous singer's behavior social morality and law.
④There's no money for a holiday; we'll have to .
⑤You can have what you want, only if you will it.
答案：①Go ahead?、贕o ahead with?、踘oes against?、躦o without　⑤go after

3
take a chance 冒險(xiǎn)；碰運(yùn)氣
教材
原句
Well, we'll have to take a chance.(P22)
哦，我們得冒點(diǎn)兒風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
take chances＝take a chance冒險(xiǎn)
have a chance to do sth. 有機(jī)會(huì)做某事
by chance＝by accident偶然；碰巧
The chances are (that) ... 有可能……(that引導(dǎo)表語從句)
There is a chance that ... 可能……(that引導(dǎo)同位語從句)

即時(shí)練3
單句語法填空
①What's more, I consider it a good chance (enjoy) the wonderful scenery and taste the delicious food here and there.
②I ran into her chance one night and got her email address.
答案：①to enjoy?、赽y
一句多譯
如果他得到及時(shí)的治療，他很可能在一個(gè)星期內(nèi)康復(fù)。
③ he will recover in a week if he receives timely treatment. (the chances are ... )
④ he will recover in a week if he receives timely treatment. (there be ... )
答案：③The chances are that　④There is a chance that


1
Well, towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.(P18)
翻譯
哦，快到黃昏的時(shí)候，我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被一陣大風(fēng)刮到了大海上。
(1)find＋賓語＋
(2)可用于復(fù)合賓語結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞有：see, hear, watch, notice, have等。
(3)find＋it＋形容詞/名詞＋to do (it是形式賓語，to do是真正的賓語)

即時(shí)練1
單句語法填空
①But when the police arrived, they found the door (lock) and all windows closed.
②A cook will be immediately fired if he is found (smoke) in the kitchen.
③That's why she often finds herself (help) when she meets with some challenges.
答案：①locked?、趕moking　③helpless
單句寫作——句式升級(jí)
④他發(fā)現(xiàn)女兒被書和信件包圍著，看上去很焦急。
a．普通表達(dá)：
He found that his daughter books and letters and that she looked very worried.
b．高級(jí)表達(dá)：
He found his daughter books and letters and . (分詞作賓補(bǔ))
答案：a.was surrounded by　b．surrounded by; looking very worried

2
The next morning I'd just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship.(P18)
翻譯
第二天早上，我正感到絕望的時(shí)候，一艘船發(fā)現(xiàn)了我。
(1)had just done ... when ... 剛做完……這時(shí)……；when在這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中為并列連詞，相當(dāng)于and then或and just at that time。
(2)其他結(jié)構(gòu)相同的句型還有：
be doing ... when ... 正在做……這時(shí)/突然……
be about to do ... when ... 正要做……這時(shí)……
be on the point of doing ... when ... 正要做……這時(shí)……

即時(shí)練2
單句語法填空
①I (drive) down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.
②He had walked for about a mile a volunteer searcher found him.
答案：①was driving?、趙hen
單句寫作
③我正打算離開時(shí)，突然有人給他打電話。
I someone called him up.
④一天早上，我正步行去上學(xué)，就在這時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)坐在長(zhǎng)凳上讀報(bào)紙的人。
One morning, I on the bench reading newspapers.
答案：③was just about to leave/was on the point of leaving when　④was walking to school when I found a man sitting


名詞性從句——賓語從句與表語從句
賓語從句
　在句子中起賓語作用的從句稱為賓語從句(Object Clause)。引導(dǎo)賓語從句的連接詞主要有三類：連詞that, whether, if等；連接代詞what, who, whose, whatever, whichever, whoever等；連接副詞when, where, why, how等。
①He told me that he would go to Guangzhou the following day.
他告訴我他第二天要去廣州。
②I don't know if/whether he will attend the meeting.
我不知道他是否會(huì)參加會(huì)議。
③I want to know where she has gone.
我想知道她去哪里了。
(1)賓語從句的語序
在賓語從句中需用陳述句語序。
④Where is the post office? He doesn't know.
→He doesn't know where the post office is.
他不知道郵局在哪里。
(2)賓語從句中的時(shí)態(tài)
賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)與主句謂語動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)。(客觀事實(shí)除外)
⑤He said that they were having a meeting at that time.
他說他們當(dāng)時(shí)正在開會(huì)。
⑥He said that light travels much faster than sound.
他說光傳播速度比聲音快得多。
表語從句
　在復(fù)合句中作表語的從句叫表語從句(Predicative Clause)，通常由連詞that, whether；連接代詞who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever等以及連接副詞when, where, how, why引導(dǎo)。從句的語序用陳述語序。此外，表語從句還可用as if, as though, because等引導(dǎo)。if不引導(dǎo)表語從句。
⑦What he wants to know is whether we can finish our work by tomorrow morning.
他想知道的是到明天早晨我們是否能完成工作。
⑧The patient looked as if he had been ill for a long time.
這個(gè)病人看起來好像病了很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間。
⑨The reason why he was so late was that he missed the first bus this morning.
他如此晚的原因是他今天早晨錯(cuò)過了第一輛公共汽車。

即時(shí)練
Ⅰ.單句語法填空
1．Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing she was heading.
答案：where
2．He asked me I could help him.
答案：whether/if
3．Please tell me my mother will return from abroad, so I can meet her at the airport.
答案：when
4．It is the same old story of not being grateful for 　　　　 we have until we lose it.
答案：what
5．After five hours' drive, they reached they thought was the place they had been dreaming of.
答案：what
Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)
1．The problem is that who will be equal to the task.

答案：去掉that
2．We can't imagine how the ancient life was like.

答案：how→what
3．I'll give her however she needs.

答案：however→whatever
4．The telephone is ringing. Answer it to see whoever is calling.

答案：whoever→who
5．The members of his family are proud of that he has achieved in the past three years.

答案：that→what

基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo)演練
Ⅰ.單句語法填空
1．Good (manner) are key to your social success.
答案：manners
2．It is very important to teach the children how to deal with others' kindness and (rude)．
答案：rudeness
3．I don't know how they manage (bring) up four children, for they are as poor as church mice.
答案：to bring
4．I (wander) along the pavement yesterday when some strangers came up and asked me the way to the police station.
答案：was wandering
5．Finally he lost his (patient) and started to yell at his mother.
答案：patience
6．Many people spend years (seek) for peace of mind, often with little success.
答案：seeking
7．When he came to himself, he found himself (lock) in the room.
答案：locked
8．His health does not permit him (climb) the hill.
答案：to climb
9．It is the children are making so much noise in the garden.
答案：who/that
10．Tom's careless driving accounted the accident yesterday.
答案：for
Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)
1．When we wanted to go through the forest, we found ourselves losing.

答案：losing→lost
2．I had just finished writing the novel then the electricity was cut off.

答案：then→when
3．The manager had mercy on the children dressed in rag and gave them some food.

答案：rag→rags
4．There is a chance he will attend the important meeting.

答案：chance后加that
5．I need to call my dad and ask for permit before we go out.

答案：permit→permission
Ⅲ.教材微寫作
A．根據(jù)提示完成句子
1．上周六，我在街上溜達(dá)時(shí)無意中碰見了我媽媽的一個(gè)好朋友。(wander; by accident)


答案：Last Saturday, I was wandering along the street when I met one of my mother's good friends by accident.
2．她開始向我訴說我媽媽撫養(yǎng)我有多么不容易。(bring up)


答案：She began to tell me the great difficulty my mum had bringing me up.
3．說實(shí)話，我不想讓她繼續(xù)說下去。(go ahead)


答案：To be honest, I didn't want her to go ahead with the story.
4．不是因?yàn)槲也欢Y貌。(manner)


答案：It was not because I had bad manners.
5．相反，我不想回憶起那段痛苦的日子。(contrary)


答案：On the contrary, I didn't want to recall that painful memory.
B．將以上句子連成一篇邏輯嚴(yán)密的短文，注意書寫規(guī)范

答案：Last Saturday, I was wandering along the street when I met one of my mother's good friends by accident. She began to tell me the great difficulty my mum had bringing me up. To be honest, I didn't want her to go ahead with the story. It was not because I had bad manners. On the contrary, I didn't want to recall that painful memory.

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