
第一部分
教材重點(diǎn)全程攻略 Book 3
Unit 1 Festivals around the world
基礎(chǔ)自主檢測
閱讀識記
Ⅰ.英譯漢
1.harvest n.& vt.& vi. 收獲;收割
2.ancestor n. 祖先;祖宗
3.feast n. 節(jié)日;盛宴
4.rooster n. 雄禽;公雞
5.drown vt.& vi. 淹沒;溺死;淹死
Ⅱ.漢譯英
1.hunter n. 狩獵者;獵人
2.bone n. 骨;骨頭
3.poet n. 詩人
4.parking n. (汽車等)停放
5.weep vi. 哭泣;流淚 n. 哭;哭泣
高頻應(yīng)用
1.belief n. 信任;信心;信仰
2.trick n. 詭計(jì);惡作?。桓[門 vt. 欺騙;詐騙
3.arrival n. 到來;到達(dá);到達(dá)者
4.gain vt. 獲得;得到
5.award n. 獎(jiǎng);獎(jiǎng)品 vt. 授予;判定
6.worldwide adj. 遍及全世界的;世界性的
7.obvious adj. 明顯的;顯而易見的
8.wipe vt. 擦;揩;擦去
拓展變形
1.beauty (n.) 美;美人→beautiful (adj.) 美麗的;漂亮的→beautify (vt.) 美化;使更美麗
2.celebration (n.) 慶祝;祝賀→celebrate (vt.& vi.) 慶祝;祝賀
3.starve (vi. & vt.) (使)餓死;餓得要死→starvation (n.) 餓死;挨餓
4.origin (n.) 起源;由來;起因→original (adj.) 原來的;獨(dú)創(chuàng)的→originate (v.) 起源于;產(chǎn)生
5.religious (adj.) 宗教上的;信奉宗教的;虔誠的→religion (n.) 宗教(信仰)
6.arrival (n.) 到來;到達(dá);到達(dá)者→arrive (vt.) 到達(dá);趕到
7.independence (n.) 獨(dú)立;自主→independent (adj.) 獨(dú)立的;自主的→depend (v.) 依賴;依靠
8.gather (vt. & vi.) 搜集;集合;聚集→gathering (n.) 聚集;聚會;集會
9.agriculture (n.) 農(nóng)業(yè);農(nóng)藝;農(nóng)學(xué)→agricultural (adj.) 農(nóng)業(yè)的;農(nóng)藝的
10.admire (vt.) 贊美;欽佩;羨慕→admiration (n.) 欽佩;羨慕
11.energetic (adj.) 充滿活力的;精力充沛的;積極的→energy (n.) 精力;能量
12.custom (n.) 習(xí)慣;風(fēng)俗→customer (n.) 顧客→customs (n.) 海關(guān)
13.permission (n.) 許可;允許→permit (vt.) 允許
14.apologize (vi.) 道歉;辯白→apology (n.) 道歉
15.sadness (n.) 悲傷;悲哀→sad (adj.) 悲哀的;難過的
16.remind (vt.) 提醒;使想起→reminder (n.) 引起回憶的人/事物
17.forgive (vt.) 原諒;饒恕→forgiveness (n.) 寬??;原諒
1.后綴-(i)ous的高頻形容詞
①religious 宗教上的
②humorous 幽默的
③dangerous 危險(xiǎn)的
④cautious 小心的
⑤ambitious 有抱負(fù)的;有野心的
⑥various 各種各樣的
⑦conscious 有意識的
⑧mysterious 神秘的
⑨envious 忌妒的;猜忌的
2.表示“情感”的高頻名詞
①sadness 悲哀;悲傷
②sorrow 悲傷;悲痛
③shock 震驚;難過
④depression 沮喪;抑郁
⑤happiness 高興
⑥pleasure 愉快
3.“騙;欺騙”相關(guān)詞
①trick vt. 欺騙;詐騙
n. 詭計(jì);惡作?。桓[門
②cheat v. 欺騙;欺詐;作弊
n. 欺騙(行為);騙子
③fool vt. 愚弄;欺騙
n. 愚人;白癡
④deceive v. 欺騙;蒙騙
4.“明顯”相關(guān)單詞
①obvious→obviously
②evident→evidently
③distinct→distinctly
④apparent→apparently
一 動詞+介/副詞
1.dress up 盛裝;打扮;裝飾
2.turn up 出現(xiàn);到場
3.set off 出發(fā);動身;使爆炸;引起
4.remind ... of ... 使……想起……
二 動詞+名詞+介詞
5.play a trick on 搞惡作??;詐騙;開玩笑
6.look forward to 期望;期待;盼望
7.have fun with 玩得開心
三 動詞+名詞
8.keep one's word 守信用;履行諾言
9.hold one's breath 屏息;屏氣
四 其他
10.take place 發(fā)生
11.in memory of 紀(jì)念;追念
12.day and night 日夜;晝夜;整天
“動詞+sb.+of”短語集錦
①remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事物
②accuse sb. of sth. 控告某人犯某罪,指責(zé)某人做某事
③cure sb. of sth. 治好某人某病
④rid sb. of sth. 使某人擺脫某物
⑤cheat sb. of sth. 欺騙某人某物
⑥inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事
⑦rob sb. of sth. 搶劫某人某東西
⑧warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事
⑨convince sb. of sth. 使某人確信某事
⑩suspect sb. of sth. 懷疑某人某事
1.“be+形容詞+to do ...”結(jié)構(gòu)
At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find (難以找到),especially during the cold winter months. (教材P1)
2.either ... or ... “或者……或者……”
Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either to help or to do harm (提供幫助或帶來危害). (教材P2)
3.“with+賓語+介詞短語”結(jié)構(gòu)
On this important feast day, people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes with “bones” on them (上面有“骨頭”). (教材P2)
4.when引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句
China and Japan have mid-autumn festivals, when people admire the moon (這時(shí)人們會賞月) and in China, enjoy mooncakes. (教材P2)
5.it作形式主語的主語從句
It was obvious that (很明顯) the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave ... (教材P7)
6.while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句
While she was on earth (她在人間時(shí)) she met the herd boy Niulang and they fell in love. (教材P7)
單句語法填空
1.Festivals and celebrations of all kinds (hold) everywhere since ancient times.
答案:have been held
2.India has a national festival October 2 to honour Mohandas Gandhi, leader who helped gain India's independence from Britain.
答案:on; the
3.Some Western countries have very exciting carnivals, take place forty days before Easter, usually in February.
答案:which
4.Easter is important religious and social festival for Christians around the world.
答案:an
5.The country, with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it with pink snow.(cover)
答案:covered; is covered
6. (base) on the reading passage, what do most festivals seem to have in common?
答案:Based
7.She could be with her friends right now (laugh) at him.
答案:laughing
8.He had looked forward to (meet) her all day, and now he was alone with his roses and chocolates, like a fool.
答案:meeting
9. (find) that Zhinü was heart-broken, her grandmother finally decided to let the couple cross the Milky Way (meet) once a year.
答案:Finding; to meet
10.As he sadly passed the tea shop on the corner on his way home, he heard a voice (call) him.
答案:calling
考點(diǎn)步步?jīng)_關(guān)
1 award n.獎(jiǎng);獎(jiǎng)品 vt.授予;判定
Some people might win awards for their farm produce, like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster.(P2)
有些人還可能因?yàn)樗麄兊霓r(nóng)產(chǎn)品(參加各種評選)而獲獎(jiǎng),比如最大的西瓜或最帥的公雞。
(1)win/receive/get an award for 因……而贏得/得到/獲得獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)
(2)award sth. to sb. =award sb. sth. 把某物頒發(fā)給某人
[名師點(diǎn)津] 動詞award后接雙賓語,而動詞reward “獎(jiǎng)賞,給……報(bào)酬”不能接雙賓語,reward常用以下搭配:
reward sb. for sth. 因……獎(jiǎng)賞某人
reward sb. with sth. 用某物酬勞某人
即時(shí)練1
單句語法填空
①Years later, she was proud that her son had read thousands of books, and (award) a PhD in literature.
答案:was awarded
一句多譯
因挽救那位女士的生命而得到了政府授予的獎(jiǎng)品,男孩感到很自豪。
②The boy for his saving the woman's life and felt very proud. (award n.)
③The boy for his saving the woman's life and felt very proud. (award vt.)
④ for his saving the woman's life, the boy felt very proud. (分詞作原因狀語)
答案:②received an award from the government ③was awarded by the government?、蹵warded by the government
2 admire vt. 贊美;欽佩;羨慕
China and Japan have mid-autumn festivals, when people admire the moon and in China, enjoy mooncakes.(P2)
中國和日本都有中秋節(jié),這時(shí)人們會賞月。在中國,人們還品嘗月餅。
(1)admire sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而欽佩某人
(2)admiration n.[U]贊美;欽佩
express/have admiration for sb./sth. (表達(dá))羨慕/欽佩某人/物
with admiration 欽佩地
(3)admirable adj. 令人欽佩的;極佳的
admiring adj. 欽佩的;贊美的
即時(shí)練2
單句語法填空
①M(fèi)any people around the world admire China its great contributions to the world peace.
②With (admire) I went to interview the teacher from the countryside.
③She was used to receiving (admire) looks from others.
答案:①for?、赼dmiration ③admiring
3 apologize vi.道歉;辯白
Well, he was not going to hold his breath for her to apologize.(P7)
他不想屏息等她來道歉。
(1)apologize to sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事向某人道歉
(2)apology n. 道歉;辯白
make an apology to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人道歉
accept/refuse one's apology 接受/拒絕某人的道歉
owe sb. an apology 應(yīng)向某人道歉
即時(shí)練3
單句語法填空
①The man apologized to me stepping on my foot.
②Please accept our apology the inconvenience this matter has given you.
③The young man made an apology the lady for spilling coffee on her dress.
答案:①for?、趂or?、踭o
單句寫作
④我應(yīng)為星期五下午不能和你一起去書店向你道歉。
I for the fact that I cannot go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon.
答案:owe you an apology
4 remind vt.提醒;使想起
I don't want them to remind me of her.(P7)
我不想因它們想起她來。
(1)remind sb. of/about sth. 提醒某人某事;使某人想起某事
remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事
remind sb. (that) ... 提醒某人……
keep sb. reminded of sth. 使某人想起某事;提醒某人某事
(2)reminder n. 引起回憶的人/事物
即時(shí)練4
單句語法填空
①M(fèi)ichael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself (remind) of his own dreams.
②Please remind me (write) an e-mail to my mother tomorrow, for it's her birthday.
③Confucius believed knives would remind people killings and were too violent for use at the table.
答案:①reminded ②to write?、踥f
單句寫作——句式升級
④盡管提醒了司機(jī)不要酒后駕車,一些人還在碰運(yùn)氣,這很危險(xiǎn)。
a.普通表達(dá):
after drinking, some drivers are still trying their luck, which is dangerous.(狀語從句)
b.高級表達(dá):
after drinking, some drivers are still trying their luck, which is dangerous.(分詞作狀語)
答案:a.Although they are reminded not to drive b.Reminded not to drive
1
in memory of 紀(jì)念;追念
教材
原句
For the Japanese festival Obon, people should go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors.(P2)
在日本的盂蘭盆節(jié),人們要掃墓、燒香,以緬懷祖先。
“in+n.+of”短語:
in honour of 為了紀(jì)念……;向……表示敬意
in praise of 贊揚(yáng);表揚(yáng)
in favor of 贊同;支持
in charge of 負(fù)責(zé)
in need of 需要
in search of 尋找
in possession of 擁有
in place of 代替
in terms of 就……而言;在……方面
即時(shí)練1
選詞填空(in terms of/in charge of/in favor of/in honour of)
①They built a monument those who died in the great earthquake.
②I am Susan's opinion about what best friends are.
③It is widely acknowledged that students should be evaluated overall quality.
④Could I speak to whoever is International Sales please?
答案:①in honour of?、趇n favor of?、踚n terms of?、躨n charge of
2
look forward to 期望;期待;盼望
教材
原句
The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and the coming of spring.(P2)
最富有生氣而又最重要的節(jié)日,就是告別冬天、迎來春天的節(jié)日。
含介詞to的常用動詞短語有:
be/get used to 習(xí)慣于
stick to 堅(jiān)持
lead to 導(dǎo)致
object to 反對
contribute to 促成;有助于
get down to 開始著手……
pay attention to 注意
[名師點(diǎn)津] look forward to表示“盼望;期待”,該結(jié)構(gòu)中to為介詞,故其后接名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語。
即時(shí)練2
單句語法填空
①Thanks for your kind consideration and I look forward to (receive) your earliest reply.
答案:receiving
單句改錯(cuò)
②The letter he had been looking forward to coming last night.
答案:coming→came
單句寫作
③事實(shí)上,他反對被當(dāng)作小孩子似的對待。
As a matter of fact, he being treated like a child.
④到了你該開始批改試卷的時(shí)候了。
It is time you marking the papers.
答案:③objects to?、躦ot down to
3
turn up 出現(xiàn);露面;被找到;開大(音量);向上翻
教材
原句
But she didn't turn up.(P7)
但她沒露面。
turn down 調(diào)??;拒絕
turn out 生產(chǎn);結(jié)果是;證明是;原來是
turn over 翻轉(zhuǎn);翻身
turn in 上交
turn off 關(guān)閉
turn to 求助;轉(zhuǎn)向;翻到
即時(shí)練3
寫出下列句中turn up的含義
①We invited her to dinner but she didn't even bother to turn up.
②I can't hear the music. Please turn the volume up.
③I'm sure your watch will turn up one day.
④He turned up his coat collar against the chill wind.
答案:①露面;出現(xiàn)?、陂_大;調(diào)高(音量等)?、?被)找到;(被)發(fā)現(xiàn)?、艹戏?br />
用turn相關(guān)短語的適當(dāng)形式填空
⑤My wallet was to the police two days after it was stolen.
⑥Tom looked upset because he had his proposal again.
⑦I often my classmates or teachers for help. As a result, I have made steady progress in my studies.
答案:⑤turned in?、辴urned down ⑦turn to
4
set off 出發(fā);動身;使爆炸;引起;激起某人的某種情感
教材
原句
As Li Fang set off for home, he thought ... (P7)
當(dāng)李方動身回家時(shí),他想……
set up 開辦;建立
set aside 留出,撥出(時(shí)間、金錢等);駁回,撤銷;不顧
set down 記下,寫下;停車讓……下車
set out 出發(fā);動身
set out to do sth. 開始/著手做某事(為達(dá)到某個(gè)結(jié)果)
set about sth./doing sth. 著手(做)某事(尤指費(fèi)時(shí)費(fèi)力的事)
即時(shí)練4
用set相關(guān)短語的適當(dāng)形式填空
①We to paint the whole house but finished only the front part that day.
②For all these years I have been working for others. I'm hoping I'll my own business someday.
③He helping homeless women and children to go to safe places.
④A great many boys were fireworks in the street.
⑤He tried to a few minutes each day for his exercise.
答案:①set out ②set up?、踫et about?、躶etting off
⑤set aside
1
It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave ... (P7)
翻譯
很明顯,咖啡館的經(jīng)理在等李方離開……
(1)句子中的it作形式主語,其后的that從句才是真正的主語。it作形式主語,沒有具體意義,而只是幫助把真正的主語移至句子末尾,使句子取得平衡。
(2)it作形式主語的常用句式:
①It be+形容詞(常用于這種結(jié)構(gòu)的形容詞有:clear, strange, obvious, certain, important, possible, natural, surprising, interesting, likely, unusual等)+that從句
②It be+名詞(a shame, a pity, a wonder ... )+that從句
③It be+過去分詞(said, thought, believed, supposed, reported ... )+that從句
④It+特殊動詞(seem, appear, happen ... )+that從句
即時(shí)練1
單句語法填空
①It is not surprising young people are likely to burst out, particularly when there are reasons to do so.
② is obvious that the way much coffee is grown affects many aspects of life, from the local environment to the global ecology.
答案:①that?、贗t
一句多譯
很明顯,我們不想花太多的錢。
③ we don't want to spend too much money.
④ , we don't want to spend too much money.
答案:③It is obvious that ④Obviously
2
While she was on earth she met the herd boy Niulang and they fell in love.(P7)
翻譯
她在人間遇到了牛郎,兩人相愛了。
句中While she was on earth作時(shí)間狀語,其中while表示“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”。while作連詞時(shí)的主要用法:
(1)“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句;
(2)“然而;可是”,表示對比;
(3)“雖然;盡管”,表示轉(zhuǎn)折。
即時(shí)練2
單句寫作
①瑪麗寫信時(shí),孩子們在外面玩耍。
, the children were playing outside.
②我的大多數(shù)同學(xué)想去公園,然而我想去更好的地方。
Most of my classmates wanted to go to a park an idea of going to a nicer place.
③盡管旅游能夠開闊視野,但是我認(rèn)為在這方面花費(fèi)太多的時(shí)間和金錢并不好。
, I don't think it's a good idea to spend too much time and money on it.
答案:①While Mary was writing a letter?、趙hile I had
③While traveling can broaden your mind
情態(tài)動詞(Ⅰ)
can/could
表示能力,常譯為“能,會”,could主要指過去時(shí)間。
①I can't play basketball now, but I could when I was young.
我現(xiàn)在不會打籃球了,但是我年輕時(shí)會。
may/might
1.表示許可或征詢對方許可,常譯成“可以”。表示征詢許可時(shí),may可與can/could換用,might比may的語氣更委婉一些。
②May/Might I use your bike?
我可以用你的自行車嗎?
2.表示推測,may多用于肯定句和否定句,其否定用may not表示“可能不”之意。might比may可能性小。
③—Where did he stay last night?
—I'm not sure, but he might have stayed at his friend's home.
——昨天晚上他待在哪了?
——我不確定,他可能待在朋友家了。
will/would
表示請求、建議,用于第二人稱疑問句中,would比will語氣更委婉;will/would用于各種人稱時(shí),will表習(xí)慣、傾向,would表過去的習(xí)慣性動作或傾向;will還可表“意愿、肯”,would為其過去時(shí)。
④Will/Would you call back later, please?
你晚點(diǎn)兒再打(電話)過來好嗎?
shall/should
1.shall主要用于第一人稱疑問句中,表示說話人征求對方的意見或向?qū)Ψ秸埵荆贿€可用于肯定句和否定句中,表“規(guī)定、許諾、命令”等。
⑤What shall we do this evening?
今晚我們該做什么呢?
2.should表示勸告、建議、命令,其同義詞是ought to;在疑問句中,通常用should代替ought to,意為“應(yīng)該”。(還常用于虛擬語氣中)。
⑥You shouldn't have told him the news.
你本不應(yīng)該告訴他這個(gè)消息。
⑦Sal suggested that we should go for a swim.
薩爾建議我們?nèi)ビ斡尽?br />
must/can't
must表示推測時(shí),只能用于肯定句,意為“一定;肯定”,作此解時(shí),must的否定形式不是mustn't “禁止”,而是can't/couldn't,表示“不可能”。
⑧—I think the news must be true.
—No, it can't be true.
——我想這個(gè)消息一定是真的。
——不,它不可能是真的。
即時(shí)練
Ⅰ.單句語法填空
1.Child as she is, she speak two foreign languages.
答案:can
2.When we worked in the same office, we often have coffee together.
答案:would
3.The school rules state that no child be allowed out during the day, unless accompanied by an adult.
答案:shall
4.Caroline have kept her word. I wonder why she changed her mind.
答案:should
5.You can stay here as long as you can, if you .
答案:will
Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)
1.It is a long time since we met last time. You must come and see me more often.
答案:must→should
2.We told the children that they needn't play fire in the classroom.
答案:needn't→mustn't
3.Advertisements are powerful and some companies try to mislead us, so we won't be too careful when reading them.
答案:won't→can't
4.It mustn't be Mr Smith over there because he has just gone to Shanghai.
答案:mustn't→can't
5.He has been working hard all day long, so he can be tired now.
答案:can→must
基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo)演練
Ⅰ.單句語法填空
1.Keep in mind that (forgive) does not necessarily mean becoming friends again with the person who upset you.
答案:forgiveness
2.He came to China in order to learn Chinese (agriculture) skills.
答案:agricultural
3.In my hometown, there is a tradition that we will hold a (celebrate) party when we enter a higher school.
答案:celebration
4.Thieves broke into the building in the mistaken (believe) that there was expensive equipment inside.
答案:belief
5.(2018·咸陽模擬)I find that doing physical exercise a couple of times a week makes me feel more (energy).
答案:energetic
6.This nationwide smog should serve as a (remind) to all, indicating a high time that we reflected on what we've done to the environment.
答案:reminder
7.The passenger made apology to Angie because he spoke loudly on his phone.
答案:an
8.The Nobel Prize (award) to those who make great contributions in many fields every year.
答案:is awarded
9.On his (arrive) in Beijing, Peter called up his friend, Li Ming.
答案:arrival
10.George Washington led the American colonies in the war of (independent) against England from 1775 to 1783.
答案:independence
Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)
1.Either you or the headmaster are to hand out the prizes to those gifted students at the meeting.
答案:are→is
2.Great changes have been taken place in the school over the past three years, which deeply impresses me.
答案:去掉been
3.It is necessary that he would be sent there at once.
答案:would→should或去掉would
4.You can rely on it that he will turn up on time, because he always keeps his words.
答案:words→word
5.In some places women are expected to earn money when men work at home and raise their children.
答案:when→while
Ⅲ.教材微寫作
A.根據(jù)提示完成句子
1.春節(jié)總是讓我們想到家庭團(tuán)聚。(remind)
答案:The Spring Festival always reminds us of the family reunion.
2.在春節(jié)有各種各樣的活動。(there be)
答案:There are all kinds of activities during the Spring Festival.
3.孩子們特別盼望春節(jié)。(look forward to)
答案:Children especially look forward to the Spring Festival.
4.對成年人來說,這也是一個(gè)美好的時(shí)光。(It's a good time ... )
答案:It's also a good time for adults.
5.他們可以相互表達(dá)感激、道歉或?qū)捤≈椤?appreciation; apology; forgive)
答案:They can express appreciation, make an apology or forgive each other.
6.遺憾的是有些人由于各種原因,不能出現(xiàn)在這個(gè)重大的節(jié)日里。(It is a pity that ... ; turn up)
答案:It is a pity that some people can't turn up at such a great festival for a variety of reasons.
B.將以上句子連成一篇邏輯嚴(yán)密的短文,注意書寫規(guī)范
答案:The Spring Festival always reminds us of the family reunion, when there are all kinds of activities. As a result, children especially look forward to it. It's also a good time for adults, when they can express appreciation, make an apology or forgive each other. However, it is a pity that some people can't turn up at such a great festival for a variety of reasons.
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