第一部分
教材重點全程攻略 Book 2
Unit 1 Cultural relics

基礎(chǔ)自主檢測

閱讀識記
Ⅰ.英譯漢
1.vase n. 花瓶;瓶
2.dynasty n. 朝代;王朝
3.jewel n. 珠寶;寶石
4.troop n. 群;組;軍隊
Ⅱ.漢譯英
1.honey n. 蜜;蜂蜜
2.castle n. 城堡
3.trial n. 審判;審訊;試驗
4.maid n. 少女;女仆
高頻應用
1.fancy adj. 奇特的;異樣的 vt. 想象;設(shè)想;愛好
2.style n. 風格;風度;類型
3.artist n. 藝術(shù)家
4.worth prep. 值得的;相當于……的價值 n. 價值;作用 adj. [古]值錢的
5.local adj. 本地的;當?shù)氐摹   ?.apart adv. 分離地;分別地
7.painting n. 繪畫;畫 8.entrance n. 入口
9.sink vi. 下沉;沉下 10.debate n.& vi. 爭論;辯論
拓展變形
1.rare (adj.) 稀罕的;稀有的;珍貴的→rarely (adv.) 很少地;難得地
2.valuable (adj.) 貴重的;有價值的→value (n. & vt.) 價值;重視→invaluable (adj.) 無法估計的;極寶貴的
3.survive (v.) 幸免(于);幸存;比……活得長;生還→survival (n.) 生存;幸存→survivor (n.) 幸存者
4.amaze (vt.) 使吃驚;驚訝→amazing (adj.) 令人吃驚的→amazed (adj.) 吃驚的→amazement (n.) 驚奇
5.select (vt.) 挑選;選擇→selection (n.) 選擇;選拔
6.design (n.) 設(shè)計;圖案;構(gòu)思 (vt.) 設(shè)計;計劃;構(gòu)思→designer (n.) 設(shè)計者;構(gòu)思者
7.decorate (v.) 裝飾;裝修→decoration (n.) 裝飾品;裝飾
8.reception (n.) 接待;招待會;接收→receive (vt.) 接受;接待;招待→receiver (n.) (電話)聽筒/受話器
9.remove (vt.) 移動;搬開→removal (n.) 移走;除去
10.wooden (adj.) 木制的→wood (n.) 木頭
11.doubt (n.) 懷疑;疑惑 (vt.) 懷疑;不信→doubtful (adj.) 懷疑的
12.former (adj.) 以前的;從前的→latter (反義詞) (adj.) 后者的;后面的
13.evidence (n.) 根據(jù);證據(jù)→evident (adj.) 明顯的;清楚的
14.explode (vi.) 爆炸→explosion (n.) 爆炸
15.sailor (n.) 水手;海員;船員→sail (v.) (乘船)航行;起航 (n.) 航行;帆;起航
16.informal (adj.) 非正式的→formal (反義詞) (adj.) 正式的


1.分詞用作形容詞
①amaze→amazing 令人驚奇的→amazed 驚訝的
②inspire→inspiring 鼓舞人心的→inspired 卓越的;激動人心的
③excite→exciting 令人興奮的→excited 興奮的
④interest→interesting 有趣的→interested 感興趣的
⑤puzzle→puzzling 令人迷惑的→puzzled 困惑的
2.含后綴-al的名詞薈萃
①survive→survival 幸存
②remove→removal 移走
③arrive→arrival 到達
④refuse→refusal 拒絕
⑤approve→approval 批準;同意
3.以-ence結(jié)尾的名詞集錦
①evident→evidence 根據(jù);證據(jù)
②consequent→consequence 結(jié)果
③convenient→convenience 便利;方便
④absent→absence 缺乏;缺席
⑤competent→competence 能力;勝任


一 動詞+介/副詞
1.belong to 屬于
2.serve as 充當;起作用
3.a(chǎn)dd ... to ... 把……加到……上
4.take apart 拆開
5.think highly of 看重;器重
二 介詞+名詞(+介詞)
6.in search of 尋找
7.in return 作為報答;回報
8.a(chǎn)t war 處于交戰(zhàn)狀態(tài)
9.by the light of 借助……的光線
三 其他
10.less than 少于
11.rather than 而不是;與其……倒不如


1.“in+n.+of”結(jié)構(gòu)大集合
①in search of 尋找
②in memory of 為了紀念
③in favor of 支持;贊同
④in honour of 為了紀念;為向……表示敬意
⑤in terms of 就……而言;在……方面
⑥in place of 代替;取代
2.“at+n.”常考短語薈萃
①at war 處于交戰(zhàn)狀態(tài)
②at peace 處于和平時期
③at school 在求學
④at play 在玩耍
⑤at sea 在大海上,在航行
⑥at work 在工作


1.could not/never have done “(過去)不可能做……”
Frederick William Ⅰ, the King of Prussia, could never have imagined (絕不可能想到) that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history.(教材P1)
2.This is/was a time when ... “這是一個……的時期/時候”
This was a time when (這是一個……的時期) the two countries were at war.(教材P2)
3.There is no doubt that ... “毫無疑問……”
There is no doubt that (毫無疑問) the boxes were then put on a train for K?nigsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.(教材P2)
4.what引導名詞性從句
After that, what happened (所發(fā)生的一切) to the Amber Room remains a mystery.(教材P2)
5.疑問詞+不定式
In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewitnesses to believe and which not to
believe (哪些證人可信,哪些不可信). (教材P5)
6.nor位于句首引起的部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)
Nor do I think (我也不認為) they should give it to any government.(教材P7)


單句語法填空
1.It was also a treasure (decorate) with gold and jewels, took the country's best artists about ten years to make.
答案:decorated; which 
2.About four metres long, the room served a small reception hall for important visitors.
答案:as
3. (late), Catherine Ⅱ had the Amber Room (move) to a palace outside St Petersburg she spent her summers.
答案:Later; moved; where
4.Sadly, although the Amber Room (consider) one of the (wonder) of the world, it is now missing.
答案:was considered; wonders
5.For example, it can be proved China has more people any other country in the world.
答案:that; than
6.An opinion is someone believes is true but has not been proved.
答案:what
7.He/She only cares about whether the eyewitness has given true information, must be facts rather than opinions.
答案:which
8. April 1945 I heard something explode midnight.
答案:In; at
9. my surprise the entrance the mine was closed.
答案:To; to
10. So I think that those find the Amber Room should decide to do with it.
答案:who; what

考點步步?jīng)_關(guān)

1 survive vi.幸免;幸存;生還
vt.比……活得長;幸免于;從(困境等中)挺過來
Is it enough to have survived for a long time?(P1)
只是存在的時間長就足夠了嗎?
(1)A survives B (by ... )A比B多活……
survive sth. 幸免于;從……中挺過來/活過來
survive on 依靠……生存下來
survive from 從……存活下來/流傳下來
(2)survivor n. 幸存者
survival n. [U]幸存 [C]殘存物;幸存的事物
[名師點津] survive當表示“幸存;幸免于”時,不需要加in或from。

即時練1
單句語法填空
①He died in 1940, but his wife survived him another 20 years.
②I don't know how you all manage to survive your small salary.
③The plane crashed in an area of dense jungle. There were no (survive).
④His only chance of (survive) was a heart transport.
答案:①by?、趏n ③survivors?、躶urvival


2 amazing adj.令人吃驚的
Frederick William I, the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history.(P1)
普魯士國王威廉一世絕不可能想到他送給俄羅斯人民的厚禮會有這樣一段令人驚訝的歷史。
(1)amaze vt. 使驚訝
(2)amazed adj. 吃驚的
be amazed at 對……感到吃驚
(3)amazement n. 驚奇
to one's amazement 令某人吃驚的是

即時練2
單句語法填空
①(2017·浙江高考)He (amaze) at what Benjamin had done with his gift.
②(2017·北京高考) (amaze), Taylor had just taken a CPR course the day before.
③Moreover, the scenery along the river is (amaze), with many well-known sightseeing spots.
答案:①was amazed?、贏mazingly ③amazing
一句多譯
讓他感到吃驚的是,他的驚人的成就沒有使我們大為驚訝。
④ , we were not at his achievements.
⑤ was that we were not at his achievements.
答案:④To his amazement; amazed; amazing?、軼hat amazed him/What made him amazed; amazed; amazing

3 design vt.設(shè)計;計劃;構(gòu)思
  n.設(shè)計;圖案;構(gòu)思
The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days.(P1)
琥珀屋的設(shè)計采用了當時流行的別致的建筑式樣。
(1)design ... for ... 為……設(shè)計……
be designed for ... 為……而設(shè)計
be designed to do ... 目的在于/為了……
be designed as ... 為……的目的而制造或設(shè)計
(2)by design=on purpose有意地;故意地
(3)designer n. 設(shè)計者;構(gòu)思者
[名師點津] 表示“故意與偶然”的詞語小結(jié)
(1)故意地
①by design ②on purpose?、踕eliberately
(2)偶然地
①by chance?、赽y accident ③accidentally

即時練3
單句語法填空
①They pump out perfumes (design) to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers.
②The method is specifically designed use in small groups.
③She arrived just as we were leaving, but whether this was by accident or design I'm not sure.
④He wants to become a fashion (design) when he grows up.
答案:①designed?、趂or?、踒y ④designer
單句寫作
⑤這門課程是專門為像你這樣的初學者設(shè)計的,重點在于聽說訓練。
, focusing on listening and speaking practice.
答案:This course is specially designed for beginners like you

4 fancy adj.奇特的;異樣的
vt.想象;設(shè)想;愛好 
n.空想;幻想;愛好
The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days.(P1)
琥珀屋的設(shè)計采用了當時流行的別致的建筑式樣。
fancy oneself as ... 自認為是……
fancy doing sth. 想做某事
catch/take sb.'s fancy 合某人的心意;吸引某人
take a fancy to sb./sth. 喜歡上/愛上某人/物

即時練4
單句寫作
①成都有許多新的百萬富翁,亞洲最大的建筑和漂亮的新賓館。
Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia's biggest building, and .
②今晚你想不想外出?
Do you fancy this evening?
③她仔細查看旅館廣告,直到有一家符合她的心意。
She looked through the hotel advertisements until one of them .
④我想薩姆真的愛上了你。
I think Sam really you.
答案:①fancy new hotels?、趃oing out ③caught her fancy ④takes a fancy to

5 worth prep.值得的;相當于……的價值
n.價值;作用
adj.[古]值錢的
Is it worth rebuilding lost cultural relics such as the Amber Room or Yuanmingyuan in Beijing?(P2)
重建失去的文化遺產(chǎn),如琥珀屋或北京的圓明園,是否值得?
(1)be (well) worth doing ... ……(非常)值得做
be worth the money/an effort/a try值得花錢/努力/一試
be worth it 值得一干;值得花精力(或時間)
(2)
(3)It is worthwhile to do/doing sth.值得做某事
[名師點津] worth一般只作表語,可用程度副詞well修飾;而worthy和worthwhile既可作表語又可作定語。

即時練5
單句語法填空
①This article is well worth (read), but it is not worthy of (translate).
答案:reading; being translated 
一句多譯
既然你對傳統(tǒng)的中國文化感興趣,我認為這個節(jié)日值得你體驗。
②Since you are interested in traditional Chinese culture, I think this festival is . (worth)
③Now that you are interested in traditional Chinese culture, I think this festival is . (worthy)
④On account of your interest in traditional Chinese culture, I think this festival is . (worthy)
⑤Because of your interest in traditional Chinese culture, I think it is this festival. (worthwhile)
答案:②worth experiencing?、踳orthy to be experienced?、躻orthy of being experienced?、輜orthwhile experiencing/to experience


1
in search of 尋找;搜尋;尋求
教材
原句
IN SEARCH OF THE AMBER ROOM(P1)
尋找琥珀屋
(1)search sth./sb.搜查某物/搜某人的身
search for=look for尋找
search ... for ... 為找到……而搜查……
(2)常見的“in+名詞+of”短語有:
in memory of為了紀念……
in favour of支持;贊同
in honour of為了紀念;為向……表示敬意
in need of需要
in charge of掌管;負責
in possession of擁有……
[名師點津] in search of “尋找,搜尋”,在句中常作表語或目的狀語。名詞search前不加限定詞;若search前加a/the/one's等限定詞時,of一般換成for。search作動詞用時,search的賓語是指搜查的范圍,可以是人、物或地點;而搜尋要找的人或物時,要加介詞for。

即時練1
單句語法填空
①I searched the whole room the lost key, but in vain.
②If left alone outside, dogs and cats can be very smart in their search warm shelter.
③After a long search the murder weapon, the police found a knife.
答案:①for?、趂or?、踗or
一句多譯
救援人員徒手移開磚塊和石頭,搜尋地震中的幸存者。
④The rescue workers removed the bricks and stones with bare hands any survivor in the earthquake. (search n.)
⑤The rescue workers removed the bricks and stones with bare hands any survivor in the earthquake. (search n.)
⑥The rescue workers removed the bricks and stones with bare hands any survivor in the earthquake. (search v.)
答案:④in search of?、輎n their search for?、辴o search for

2
belong to 屬于
教材
原句
However, the next King of Prussia, Frederick William Ⅰ, to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it.(P2)
然而,下一位普魯士國王,腓特烈·威廉一世,這個琥珀屋的主人卻決定不要它了。
(1)belong to表示“屬于”,不能用于進行時態(tài)和被動語態(tài),作后置定語時,常用現(xiàn)在分詞,有類似用法的短語還包括:date back to/date from (追溯到),consist of (由……組成)等
(2)belong vi.屬于;應在(某處),適合(某種情形),沒有含被動意味的過去分詞的用法
(3)belongings n.財產(chǎn);所有物;財物

即時練2
單句語法填空
①Nothing can change the fact that the Diaoyu Islands belong China.
②As is known to us, China is a country (belong) to the Third World.
③Having sold most of his (belong), he almost had nothing left in the house.
答案:①to?、赽elonging ③belongings
句型轉(zhuǎn)換
④A tiger is a large fierce animal belonging to the cat family.
→A tiger is a large fierce animal the cat family.
答案:which/that belongs to

3
in return 作為報答;回報
教材
原句
In return, the Czar sent him a troop of his best soldiers.(P2)
作為回報,沙皇送給他一隊自己最好的士兵。
(1)in return (for sth.)作為(對……的)回報
return like for like以牙還牙
(2)in turn依次;相應地;轉(zhuǎn)而
by turns 輪流地;交替地

即時練3
用turn/return相關(guān)短語的適當形式填空
① , she received a sense of satisfaction and achievement.
②He spends too much time on maths, and this affects the progress of his other subjects.
③It is our responsibility to take care of our sick mother .
④I gave him my favourite book his timely help.
答案:①In return ②in turn ③by turns?、躨n return for


1
Frederick William Ⅰ, the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history.(P1)
翻譯
普魯士國王威廉一世絕不可能想到他送給俄羅斯人民的厚禮會有這樣一段令人驚訝的歷史。
在句中could have done sth.表示對過去情況的推測,意為“可能做過某事”。該結(jié)構(gòu)還表示與過去事實相反的假設(shè),意為“本來能夠去做某事卻沒有做”。有類似用法的結(jié)構(gòu)還有:
must have done sth. 過去一定做過某事
might have done sth. 過去可能做過某事;本可能做某事
needn't have done sth. 本沒必要做某事(卻做了)
ought to/should have done sth. 本該做某事(而未做)
would have done sth. 本來要做某事

即時練1
單句寫作
①你本能夠做得更好,但你太粗心了。
You , but you were too careless.
②蒸汽機被用來拉動車廂,因為煙和噪音,對乘客們來說那一定是相當不愉快的旅行。
Steam engines were used to pull the carriages and it fairly unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.
③在來新學校前我本沒有必要擔心,因為這兒的同學對我很友好。
I before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.
答案:①could have done better?、趍ust have been?、踤eedn't have worried

2
There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for K?nigsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.(P2)
翻譯
毫無疑問,這些箱子后來被裝上火車運往哥尼斯堡,當時德國在波羅的海邊的一個城市。
(1)There is no doubt that ... 為固定句型,意為“毫無疑問……”,that后面的從句為同位語從句,說明doubt的內(nèi)容。
doubt常見句式及搭配:
There is no doubt that ... 毫無疑問……
There is some doubt whether ... 有疑問……
I don't/never doubt that ... 我確信……;我不懷疑……
I doubt whether/if ... 我懷疑是否……
without/beyond doubt無疑;必定
(2)類似的句型結(jié)構(gòu)有:
There is+
It is no use/no good doing sth.做某事沒有用處/好處
It is no wonder that ... (=No wonder that ...)難怪;怪不得……
[名師點津] (1)當名詞doubt用在否定句中時,后面接that引導的同位語從句;用在肯定句中時,后面接whether引導的同位語從句,注意此時不可以用if替換whether。
(2)及物動詞doubt后接名詞、代詞或賓語從句。在否定句和疑問句中,doubt后面接that引導的賓語從句;在肯定句中,doubt后面一般接whether或if引導的賓語從句。

即時練2
單句語法填空
①There is no doubt our educational system leaves too much to be improved.
②There is some doubt he is suitable for the job.
③You can complain, but I doubt it will make any difference.
④There is no need (put) the meeting ahead because we still have three weeks before the end of the term.
答案:①that?、趙hether ③if/whether?、躷o put

3
In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewitnesses to believe and which not to believe. (P5)
翻譯
在審判中,法官必須斷定哪些證人可以相信,哪些證人不能相信。
“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)可在句中作主語、賓語、表語等。
(1)在“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中,不定式必須用主動式而不能用被動式。
(2)whether后可接不定式,而if不可。
[名師點津] 疑問代詞(who, which除外)后面須跟及物動詞;若是不及物動詞,后面須跟相應的介詞。疑問副詞后可以接不及物動詞;若接及物動詞,動詞不定式須有自己的賓語。

即時練3
單句寫作
①從教師的觀點來看,應該由孩子來決定讀什么和怎么讀。
From the teacher's point of view, children should be left to decide .
②何時何地去郊游還沒有決定。
hasn't been decided.
③當今,有各種各樣的詞典可供英語學習者選擇。
Today's English learners have a wide choice of dictionaries .
答案:①what to read and how to read?、赪hen and where to go on an outing?、踗rom which to choose


限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句
定語從句的種類
定語從句根據(jù)其與主句關(guān)系的密切程度可以分為限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句兩種。
定語從句的定義
1.限制性定語從句:限制性定語從句是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的成分,用于修飾和限定先行詞。如果去掉,主句的意思就不完整或失去意義。書寫時不用逗號與主句分開。
①This is the MP4 (that/which) I bought for my daughter yesterday.
這是我昨天為女兒買的MP4。
②The old town has narrow streets and small houses that are built close to each other.
這座古老的城鎮(zhèn)街道狹窄,小房子挨得很近。
2.非限制性定語從句:非限制性定語從句和主句的關(guān)系不是十分密切,它只是對先行詞或主句作附加或補充性的說明,不起限制作用,如果去掉,主句的意思仍然清楚完整。在這類定語從句中,先行詞與定語從句往往用逗號隔開。非限制性定語從句中的關(guān)系代詞不可省略。
③He passed the driving test, which surprised his parents.
他通過了駕照考試,這使他的父母很吃驚。

即時練
Ⅰ.單句語法填空
1.Let's go and help Mary after school today, father is seriously ill in hospital.
答案:whose
2.Opposite is St Paul's Church, you can hear some lovely music.
答案:where
3.China Today attracts a worldwide readership, shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.
答案:which
4.The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere his employees enjoy their work.
答案:where
5.As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time he should be able to be independent.
答案:when
Ⅱ.單句改錯
1.In their spare time, they are interested in planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of their house.

答案:that→which
2.Yesterday I met Li Ping, that seemed to be very busy.

答案:that→who
3.They planned to plant some trees on the mountain where didn't need much water.

答案:where→that/which
4.Is this the classroom that the old professor is going to make us a lecture?

答案:that→where
5.I have told them the reason, for why I changed my mind.

答案:why→which
基礎(chǔ)達標演練
Ⅰ.單句語法填空
1.He told us whether (have) a picnic was still under discussion.
答案:to have
2.Their most (value) belongings were locked in a safe in the bedroom.
答案:valuable
3.It is well worth (make) an effort to promote the public awareness of environmental protection.
答案:making
4.Tom is a stubborn boy, so it is no use debating him.
答案:with
5.The book is designed a reference manual.
答案:as
6.Mr Reed, (select) to represent us in the meeting, has been sent to have a talk with them.
答案:selected
7.I am always thinking that studying well is the only thing that I can do return.
答案:in
8.There is no doubt the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China has made China enter a “new era”.
答案:that
9.The vase has so (amaze) a story that nobody cares about its beauty.
答案:amazing
10.We shouldn't be too crazy about learning English, but it is also too extreme to remove English college entrance exams.
答案:from
Ⅱ.單句改錯
1.Henry told me that there was a time that he stayed up all night going over his lessons.

答案:第二個that→when
2.I have been told that the pen as well as the books belong to him.

答案:belong→belongs
3.There is no doubt at all whether we did the right thing.

答案:whether→that
4.It is said that the early European playing cards were designed to entertainment and education.

答案:to→for
5.Our friends, whom were always late for everything, missed the train again.

答案:whom→who
Ⅲ.教材微寫作
A.根據(jù)提示完成句子
1.眾所周知,文化遺產(chǎn)屬于全人類而不是個人。(belong to; rather than)


答案:It's well-known that cultural relics belong to the human being rather than individuals.
2.有些人想方設(shè)法尋找它們,并非法占有它們。(search for)


答案:Some people try their best/take great pains to search for them and take possession of them illegally.
3.其中一些文化遺產(chǎn)已遭破壞,只有少數(shù)幸免于難。(survive)


答案:Some of the cultural relics have been damaged while only a few survive.
4.我們每一個人都應盡最大努力避免它們遭到破壞。(make efforts)



答案:Every one of us should make efforts to protect them from being destroyed.
5.毫無疑問保護好文化遺產(chǎn)是我們的責任。(there is no doubt that)


答案:There is no doubt that it is our duty to protect cultural relics.
B.將以上句子連成一篇邏輯嚴密的短文,注意書寫規(guī)范

答案:It's well-known that cultural relics belong to the human being rather than individuals. However, some people take great pains to search for them and take possession of them illegally. Some of them have been damaged while only a few survive. Therefore, every one of us should make efforts to protect them from being destroyed, for there is no doubt that it is our duty to protect cultural relics.

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