Unit 2 Healthy eating
基礎(chǔ)自主檢測

閱讀識記
Ⅰ.英譯漢
1.barbecue vt.& n. 燒烤；烤肉
2.roast adj. 烤制的
vt.& vi. 烤；烘；烘烤
3.bacon n. 熏咸肉；臘肉
4.vinegar n. 醋
5.fibre n. 纖維；纖維制品
6.sigh vi. 嘆息；嘆氣
n. 嘆息；嘆息聲
Ⅱ.漢譯英
1.mushroom n. 蘑菇
2.mutton n. 羊肉
3.fry vt.& vi. 油煎；油炸
4.hostess n. 女主人；女主持人
5.carrot n. 胡蘿卜
6.spy vi.& vt. 窺探；秘密監(jiān)視
n. 間諜；偵探
高頻應(yīng)用
1.diet n. 日常飲食　vi. 節(jié)食
2.ought v．& aux. 應(yīng)當(dāng)；應(yīng)該
3.slim vi. 變細(xì)；減肥　adj. 苗條的；纖細(xì)的
4.raw adj. 生的；未加工的
5.lie n. 謊話；謊言　vi. 說謊
6.customer n. 顧客；消費者
7.discount n. 折扣
8.consult vt. 咨詢；請教；商量
9.debt n. 債；債務(wù)
10.glare vi. 怒目而視；閃耀　n. 怒視；炫目的光
拓展變形
1.balance (vt.) 平衡；權(quán)衡 (n.) 天平；平衡→balanced (adj.) 均衡的
2.curiosity (n.) 好奇心→curious (adj.) 好奇的→curiously (adv.) 好奇地
3.weakness (n.) 缺點；虛弱；弱點→weak (adj.) 弱的；虛弱的→weaken (vt.) 使變?nèi)?br /> 4.strength (n.) 強(qiáng)項；長處；力量→strengthen (vt.) 加強(qiáng)；鞏固→strong (adj.) 強(qiáng)壯的；堅強(qiáng)的
5.limit (vt.) 限制；限定 (n.) 界限；限度→limited (adj.) 有限的→limitation (n.) 范圍；限制
6.benefit (n.) 利益；好處 (vt.& vi.) 有益于；有助于；受益→beneficial (adj.) 有益的
7.combine (vt.& vi.) (使)聯(lián)合；(使)結(jié)合→combination (n.) 聯(lián)合；結(jié)合
8.cooperation (n.) 合作；協(xié)作→cooperate (v.) 合作；配合→cooperative (adj.) 合作的


1.與“購物”相關(guān)的名詞一覽
①discount 折扣
②customer 顧客
③consumer 消費者
④supermarket 超市
⑤bargain 便宜貨
⑥cashier 出納員
⑦receipt 收據(jù)；收條
⑧refund 退款
2.后綴-ed形容詞集錦
①balanced 平衡的
②limited 有限的
③complicated 復(fù)雜的
④experienced 有經(jīng)驗的
⑤learned 博學(xué)的
⑥skilled 熟練的
⑦related 相關(guān)的
⑧united 聯(lián)合的， 統(tǒng)一的
3.以-ness為后綴的常見名詞薈萃
①weakness 虛弱；弱點；缺點
②kindness 仁慈；善良；好意
③carelessness 粗心大意
④awareness 意識
⑤sickness 疾病
⑥illness 疾病
⑦darkness 黑暗


一 動詞＋介/副詞
1.get away with 受到從輕發(fā)落；(做壞事)不受懲罰
2.win ... back 贏回；重新獲得
3.glare at 怒目而視
4.spy on 暗中監(jiān)視；偵查
5.cut down 削減；刪節(jié)
二 動詞＋名詞
6.lose weight 體重減輕；減肥
7.tell a lie 說謊
8.earn one's living 謀生
9.put on weight 增加體重
三 其他
10.balanced diet 平衡膳食
11.ought to 應(yīng)當(dāng)；應(yīng)該
12.in debt 欠債
13.before long 不久以后

1.“動詞＋down”短語薈萃
①cut down 削減，刪節(jié)
②bring down 降低
③slow down 慢下來
④break down 出故障，拆分，失敗
⑤turn down 拒絕；調(diào)低
⑥settle down 定居，平靜下來
⑦cool down 冷靜下來
⑧l(xiāng)ay down 放下，規(guī)定
2.in＋n. 表示“處于……之中”
①in debt 欠債
②in trouble 在困境中
③in danger 處于危險中
④in progress 正在進(jìn)展中
⑤in fashion 正在流行
⑥in operation 正在運行


1.現(xiàn)在分詞短語作伴隨狀語
Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant feeling very frustrated (感到十分沮喪). (教材P10)
2.“否定詞＋形容詞的比較級”表最高級含義
“Nothing could be better (再沒有比這更好的了)，” he thought. (教材P10)
3.must have done表肯定推測
Something terrible must have happened (一定發(fā)生了) if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did. (教材P10)
4.have sb./sth. doing ... “允許某人/某物做……”或“讓某人/某物一直做……”
He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies (允許……哄騙人們卻不受懲罰)! (教材P10)
5.“Why don't you ...？”表建議，可省略為“Why not do ...？”
Why don't you sit down/Why not sit down (你為什么不坐下來) and try a meal? (教材P14)

單句語法填空
1.What will happen to you if you don't eat a (balance) diet？
答案：balanced
2.Suddenly he saw his friend Li Chang (hurry) by.
答案：hurrying
3.Wang Peng was amazed this and especially at the prices.
答案：at
4.Perhaps a discount and a new sign he could win his customers back.
答案：with
5.He didn't look forward to (be) in debt because his restaurant was no longer popular.
答案：being
6.I found your menu so (limit) that I stopped (worry) and started advertising the benefits of my food.
答案：limited; worrying
7.But don't you think it would be better if you were a bit (thin)？
答案：thinner
8.According to my research, neither your restaurant nor mine (offer) a balanced diet.
答案：offers
9.Perhaps we ought to combine our ideas and provide a balanced menu food full of energy and fibre.
答案：with
10.Their balanced diets became such a success before long Wang Peng became slimmer and Yong Hui put more weight.
答案：that; on

考點步步?jīng)_關(guān)


1 balance　n．天平；平衡；賬戶余額　
vt.平衡；權(quán)衡
What will happen to you if you don't eat a balanced diet？(P9)
如果你飲食不均衡的話，會怎么樣呢？
(1)keep the balance of nature 保持生態(tài)平衡
keep one's balance 保持平衡
lose one's balance (＝be out of balance) 失去平衡
off balance 不穩(wěn)
on balance 總的來說；全面考慮之后
(2)balance sth. against sth. 權(quán)衡/斟酌/比較……與……
(3)balanced adj. 均衡的
keep a balanced diet 保持飲食均衡

掌握“平衡”


即時練1
單句語法填空
①You'd better keep a (balance) diet for the benefit of your health.
②You have to balance the advantages of living in the countryside the disadvantages.
答案：①balanced?、赼gainst
單句寫作
③我發(fā)現(xiàn)在結(jié)冰的路面上行走很難保持平衡。
I found it hard to on the icy path.
④當(dāng)他在追趕他哥哥時，失去了平衡，重重地摔了一跤。
When he was running after his brother, the boy and had a bad fall.
⑤總的來說，公司這一年業(yè)績很好。
， the company has had a successful year.
答案：③keep my balance?、躭ost his balance　⑤On balance

2 lie　n．謊言；謊話　
vi.說謊；躺；位于；坐落在
He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies！(P10)
他可不能讓雍慧哄騙人們卻不受懲罰！
(1)tell a lie＝tell lies 撒謊；說謊話
a big lie 彌天大謊
a white lie 善意的謊言
(2)lie to sb. 對某人撒謊
lie in 位于；在于




即時練2
單句語法填空
①The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already (lay) for a meal.
②You could see from his expression that he was (lie) to us.
③The survivors (lie) on the beach, exhausted and shocked.
④He didn't finish his homework last night so he told (lie)．
答案：①laid?、趌ying?、踠ay?、躭ies
單句寫作
⑤躺在床上的那個人撒謊說他已經(jīng)把錢放在桌子上了。
The man that he the money on the table.
答案：lying in bed told a lie; had laid

3 strength　n．[C]長處；強(qiáng)項　[U]力量；體力
The strength of the diet in Wang Peng's restaurant was that it provided plenty of energy－giving food.(P11)
王鵬餐館的飲食優(yōu)點在于它能提供含有足夠熱量的食物。
(1)build up one's strength/body 強(qiáng)身健體
strengths and weaknesses 優(yōu)點和缺點
The strength of ... is that ... ……的優(yōu)點是……
(2)strengthen vt.& vi. 加強(qiáng)

即時練3
單句語法填空
①As a good teacher, you should know your students' (strength) and weaknesses.
②The strength of his diet is it contains plenty of vitamin and fibre.
③ (strength) our friendship, we'd better keep in touch with each other.
答案：①strengths　②that?、跿o strengthen
單句寫作
④常言道，團(tuán)結(jié)就是力量。如果我們像一家人一樣團(tuán)結(jié)在一起，互相照顧，幫助那些需要幫助的人，我們就能創(chuàng)造奇跡。
As the old saying goes, “ .” We can work wonders if we unite as a family, caring for each other and helping those in need.
答案：Unity is strength

4 limit　vt. 限制；限定　n. 界限；限度
I don't want to upset you, but I found your menu so limited that I stopped worrying and started advertising the benefits of my food.(P14)
我并不想讓你心煩，不過我發(fā)現(xiàn)你菜譜上的菜太少了，所以我也就不著急了，我也開始宣傳我餐館的食物的好處。
(1)limit ... to 把……限定在……范圍內(nèi)
(2)set a limit 設(shè)定限度
there is a/no limit to ……是有限/無限的
within limits 在合理限度內(nèi)
(3)limited adj. 有限的
be limited to 被限制在……

即時練4
單句語法填空
①There is a limit to one's life, but no limit to (serve) the people.
②I'll help as much as I can, but there is a limit what I can do.
③In my opinion, we should limit our expense what we can afford.
④His English was so (limit) that he couldn't even tell the foreign friend where he was from.
答案：①serving　②to?、踭o?、躭imited



get away with 被放過；(做壞事)不受懲罰；攜帶……潛逃
教材
原句
He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies！(P10)
他可不能讓雍慧哄騙人們卻不受懲罰！
get away from 從……脫離；逃脫……
get down to sth. 開始認(rèn)真對待某事
get rid of 擺脫；除掉
get in 插話；收獲
get across (to sb.)被理解；(把……)講清楚
get through 完成(工作)；渡過(難關(guān))；通過；接通電話
get over 克服(困難)；從……中恢復(fù)過來
get into 染上；形成；養(yǎng)成
get in touch with 與……取得聯(lián)系

即時練1
用get相關(guān)短語的適當(dāng)形式填空
①If you cheat in the exam, you'll never it.
②It's hard to work after a nice holiday.
③I called several times, but I couldn't .
④It took a long time to the workers the way the machine worked.
⑤Every now and then I like to spend a few days in the country to the noise and pollution of London.
⑥It will take a long time for his family to what has happened here.
答案：①get away with?、趃et down to?、踘et through
④get across to?、輌et away from?、辡et over

2
in debt 負(fù)債
教材
原句
He did not look forward to being in debt because his restaurant was no longer popular.(P14)
他可不希望由于餐館不受歡迎而負(fù)債。
(1)be in debt 欠債；負(fù)債(表狀態(tài))
be out of debt 還清債務(wù)(表狀態(tài))
(2)fall/get/run into debt負(fù)債(表動作)
pay off a debt 還清債務(wù)(表動作)
(3)be in one's debt/be in debt to sb. 欠某人的人情(債)

即時練2
單句寫作
①借債容易還債難。
It is much easier to than to .
②他貧窮時負(fù)債，可是自從他有錢后，已經(jīng)還清了債務(wù)。
He was when he was poor, but has been since he got rich.
③你待我們太好了，我們將永遠(yuǎn)感激不盡。
You have been so kind to us that we shall always feel we .
答案：①fall/get/run into debt; pay off a debt?、趇n debt; out of debt　③are deeply in your debt

3
cut down 砍倒；削減；刪節(jié)
教材
原句
In this way they cut down the fat and increased the fibre in the meal.(P15)
這樣，他們減少了飯菜中脂肪的含量，增加了纖維素。
cut away 切掉；砍掉
cut in 插話；讓某人分享利潤；強(qiáng)行超車
cut up 切碎；(嚴(yán)重地)割傷
cut out 剪下；停止，戒除；刪去
cut through (響亮的聲音)劃破；(在水中或空中)輕松地通過
cut off 切斷；中止；隔絕

即時練3
用cut相關(guān)短語的適當(dāng)形式填空
①I'd feel very if I didn't know what was happening in the world.
②Every one of us can make a great effort to the use of energy in our country.
③She kept on our conversation, which made us very angry.
④ the carrots before you put them into the pot.
答案：①cut off　②cut down?、踓utting in?、蹸ut up


1
“Nothing could be better，” he thought.(P10)
翻譯
他想：“再沒有比這些更好吃的了?！?br /> 否定詞與比較級連用，實際上表示的是最高級的含義。
表示最高級意義的幾種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)：
(1)never＋比較級
(2)＋比較級＋than
(3)比較級＋than＋

即時練1
單句語法填空
①It was not until then that I suddenly realized nobody was (happy) than I was.
②I have never read a (interest) story than this one.
答案：①happier?、趍ore interesting
單句寫作——句式升級
③在我看來，在日常生活中，身體健康最重要。
a．普通表達(dá)：
In my view, in our daily life.
b．高級表達(dá)：
From my point of view, in our daily life.
答案：a.health is the most important thing　b．nothing is more important than health

2
He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies！(P10)
翻譯
他可不能讓雍慧哄騙人們卻不受懲罰！
can't have sb. doing sth.意為“不允許某人做某事”，have sb. doing用于否定句時，have表示“容忍”之意。have的其他用法：
have sb./sth. doing sth. 讓某人做某事/讓某事發(fā)生(動作持續(xù))(肯定句)
have sb. do sth. 讓某人做某事
have sth. done 讓別人做某事；(主語)遭遇到某種情況
have sth. to do 有某事要做(不定式作定語)

即時練2
單句語法填空
①Before long, there were times I would have the groundhog (土撥鼠) (sit) next to a rabbit, both munching (津津有味地咀嚼) on carrots.
②When he was riding a bike in the street, he had his arm (hurt)．
答案：①sitting?、趆urt
單句寫作
③我不允許你用那種粗魯?shù)姆绞礁愕哪赣H說話。你必須立刻向她道歉。
I can't in such a rude manner. You must immediately.
答案：have you speaking to your mother; apologize to her


情態(tài)動詞(Ⅱ)
ought to/ought not to
ought to意為“應(yīng)該，應(yīng)當(dāng)”，其后必須跟動詞原形，只有一種形式，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。
ought to的否定形式為ought not to (或oughtn't to)，其一般疑問句形式是將ought置于主語前。
①We ought to stop polluting nature.
我們應(yīng)該停止污染大自然。
②You oughtn't to scold him.
你不該責(zé)備他。
have to/don't have to/mustn't
1．情態(tài)動詞have to(口語中說成have got to)表示客觀需要做的事情，意為“必須；不得不”。有時態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化，其否定式和疑問式應(yīng)由助動詞do構(gòu)成。
③I had to leave yesterday.
昨天我不得不離開。
2．have to的否定式為don't have to，表示“沒有義務(wù)或沒有必要做某事”，意為“不必”，?？梢曰卮餸ust提問的一般疑問句。而must的否定式mustn't表示“禁止”。
④—Must I do it at once?
—Yes, you have to (＝Y(jié)es, you must)．/No, you needn't (＝No, you don't have to)．
——我必須馬上做嗎？
——是的，你必須。/不，你不必。(作出肯定、否定回答)
⑤You mustn't go out alone at night.
晚上你一定不能獨自出去。
need/needn't
need表示“需要”或“必要”，既可以作情態(tài)動詞，也可以作實義動詞，但是它們的用法不同。
1．作為情態(tài)動詞，need通常用于否定句和疑問句。
⑥He needn't pay for it.
他沒必要付錢。
⑦—Must I type this letter again?
—No, you needn't (＝No, you don't have to)．/Yes, you must (＝Y(jié)es, you have to)．
——我必須把信再打印一遍嗎？
——不，你不必。/是的，你必須。
2．作為實義動詞，同其他實義動詞一樣，可用于各種句式，有時態(tài)、人稱、數(shù)的變化，構(gòu)成否定句和疑問句時要借助于助動詞do或does。
⑧We need to help him.
我們得幫助他。
⑨We don't need to tell him the truth.
我們不必告訴他真相。

即時練
Ⅰ.單句語法填空
1．You have cleaned the room, because I had done it already.
答案：needn't
2．We take combustible (易燃的) goods aboard.
答案：mustn't
3．In order to become transparent, an animal needs 　　　　 (keep) its body from absorbing or scattering light.
答案：to keep
4．—Can't you stay a little longer?
—It's getting late. I really go now. My daughter is at home alone.
答案：have to
5．You (ought) make private phone calls in work time.
答案：oughtn't to
Ⅱ.單句寫作
1．教師對學(xué)生應(yīng)該耐心。
Teachers be patient with students.
答案：ought to/should
2．昨天天氣很好，我本不必費事帶著雨傘。
The weather turned out to be fine yesterday, I the trouble to carry my umbrella with me.
答案：needn't have taken
3．我們不需要改變我們的學(xué)習(xí)方式。
We change how we learn.
答案：do not have to/needn't
4．亨利感覺不舒服。他昨晚在派對上一定喝多了。
Henry is feeling uncomfortable. He too much at the party last night.
答案：must have drunk
5．你本該昨天完成論文，因為昨天就是最后期限。
You the paper yesterday as it was the deadline.
答案：ought to/should have finished

基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo)演練
Ⅰ.單句語法填空
1．Reading widely and regularly will be (benefit) to your English.
答案：beneficial
2．The doctor told Bob his heart was in poor condition and that he must cut on alcohol and smoking.
答案：down
3．The lecture made me realize the importance of a (balance) diet.
答案：balanced
4．They are discussing the (strong) and weaknesses of the argument.
答案：strengths

5．Claire had her luggage (check) an hour before her plane left.
答案：checked
6．Mr Stevenson is great to work for—I really couldn't ask for a (good) boss.
答案：better
7．People have always been (curiosity) about exactly how life on earth began.
答案：curious
8．The child said that he had (lay) the pen on the desk, but I thought he (lie) to me.
答案：laid; lied
9．We could not have him (get) away, for he had made such a serious offence.
答案：get
10．Learn to combine your knowledge experience, and you are sure to succeed.
答案：with
Ⅱ.單句改錯
1．He is such warm-hearted a man that he often helps others.

答案：such→so
2．As we all know, there is no limit to help the people in trouble.

答案：help→helping
3．In order to make herself more beautiful, she had her hair cutting yesterday.

答案：cutting→cut
4．—Would you like some more chicken?
—No, thanks. I am at a diet and trying to lose weight.

答案：at→on
5．His company is deeply in a debt because of his bad management.

答案：去掉a
Ⅲ.教材微寫作
A．根據(jù)提示完成句子
1．眾所周知，沒有什么比健康更寶貴。(否定詞＋比較級)


答案：As we all know, nothing is more precious than health.
2．在我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪校３謱W(xué)習(xí)和娛樂之間的平衡是很重要的。 (keep the balance between ... and ... )


答案：In our daily life, it is of great importance to keep the balance between study and pleasure.
3．均衡飲食和有規(guī)律的鍛煉幫助我們保持健康。(a balanced diet)


答案：A balanced diet and regular exercise can help us keep healthy.
4．許多人常熬夜看電視或玩電腦游戲，這對他們的身體有害。 (do harm to)


答案：A great many people often stay up watching TV or playing computer games, which does harm to their health.
5．為了對健康有益，充分的休息是必要的。(for the benefit of)


答案：It is necessary to have enough rest for the benefit of our health.
B．將以上句子連成一篇邏輯嚴(yán)密的短文，注意書寫規(guī)范

答案：As we all know, nothing is more precious than health. In our daily life, it is of great importance to keep the balance between study and pleasure. Meanwhile, a balanced diet and regular exercise can help us keep healthy. However, a great many people often stay up watching TV or playing computer games, which does harm to their health. It is necessary to have enough rest for the benefit of our health.

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