
預(yù)計到2025年,在應(yīng)用文、說明文和記敘文的閱讀理解中,將更加注重對細(xì)節(jié)理解題的考查。
一、方法思維導(dǎo)圖
二、設(shè)問方式和考題類型
設(shè)問方式
常針對文中細(xì)節(jié)提問,可直接或間接在文章中找到答案。
1. 是非題形式:true/ false或except?
All f the fllwing are true EXCEPT _____.
2.特殊疑問句形式:
Accrding t the passage, wh/ what/ when/ where / why / hw…
3.填空題形式,如:
T avid attracting muntain lins, peple are advised_____
考題類型
1.高頻考點(diǎn):直接信息題;間接信息題。
2.中頻考點(diǎn):數(shù)字計算題;
3. 低頻考點(diǎn):細(xì)節(jié)排序題;正誤判斷題。
三、細(xì)節(jié)題選項(xiàng)特征
(一)細(xì)節(jié)理解題正確選項(xiàng)特征
(二)細(xì)節(jié)理解題干擾選項(xiàng)特征
四、細(xì)節(jié)題解題秘籍
細(xì)節(jié)理解題有時較為直接,理解字面意義即可回答;有時則較為間接,需要通過歸納、概括和推理來解答。細(xì)節(jié)理解題占據(jù)了閱讀理解總題量的約60%,是得分的關(guān)鍵。
無論細(xì)節(jié)理解題以何種方式提出問題,考生都應(yīng)牢記一個解題原則——“本本主義”,即始終以原文為依據(jù),無需閱讀多個段落甚至全文后進(jìn)行歸納總結(jié)或分析推理,正確答案往往對應(yīng)原文中的某個具體信息。
1.直接信息題
考生可以采取“關(guān)鍵詞定位法”,即“帶著問題找答案”的方法,通過定位找題眼。先從題干中提取關(guān)鍵性詞語(題眼),然后以此為線索,運(yùn)用略讀及尋讀的技巧快速在文章中尋找與此關(guān)鍵詞相關(guān)的段落、語句,快速定位該題與哪一段哪一句有關(guān),然后仔細(xì)推敲,仔細(xì)比較所給選項(xiàng)與文中細(xì)節(jié)的細(xì)微區(qū)別,在準(zhǔn)確理解細(xì)節(jié)的前提下,最后確定答案。簡言之,可采用“一找二定三比對”的方法。解題流程如下:
做題小技巧:
1.若針對特殊標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號,舉例子,名人名言出題,只需要閱讀符號,例子,名言前后的內(nèi)容,然后與選項(xiàng)核對。
2.在出現(xiàn)一些關(guān)鍵詞,如hwever、but、mrever、therefre、 thus時,要特別注意句子前后意義的轉(zhuǎn)折,遞進(jìn),因果等關(guān)系。
3.細(xì)節(jié)題的答案一般是同義替換項(xiàng)或者同義轉(zhuǎn)換項(xiàng)。
4.選項(xiàng)中有絕對語氣詞的一般不是答案。如:must, never, the mst, all, merely, nly, have t, any, n, cmpletely, nne,等。但不是絕對,也有例外。
5.注意選項(xiàng)中的副詞,形容詞和介詞短語等與原文是否一致。如: must, may, ften, shuld, usually, might, mst, mre r less, likely, all, never,few 等存在程度不同,經(jīng)常被偷換,往往被忽視。
6.細(xì)節(jié)題干擾項(xiàng)特點(diǎn):與原文內(nèi)容相反;與原文內(nèi)容一半相符,一半不同;敘述過于絕對化;原文沒有提及。
例子1
…
I fund the pre-hlidays a gd time t encurage yung children t dnate less-used things, and it wrked. Because f ur effrts, ur daughter Gergia did decide t dnate a large bag f tys t a little girl whse mther was unable t pay fr her hliday due t illness. She chse t sell a few larger bjects that were less ften used when we prmised t put the mney int her schl fund (基金) (ur kindergarten daughter is serius abut becming a dctr).
…
33.What made Gergia agree t sell sme f her bjects?
A.Saving up fr her hliday.
B.Raising mney fr a pr girl.
C.Adding the mney t her fund.
D.Giving the mney t a sick mther.
[解題示范]
第一步:定信息區(qū)間
第二步:比對定答案
二.間接信息題
相比直接信息題,命題的隱蔽性更強(qiáng),正確選項(xiàng)一般都會在原文基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行改造。此類題目需要考生將題目信息與原文相關(guān)信息進(jìn)行語義上的轉(zhuǎn)換,有時還需要進(jìn)一步的加工或整理。
例子2…
Of the cmmn berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, althugh, because f their seeds, raspberries cntain a little mre prtein (蛋白質(zhì)), irn and zinc (nt that fruits have much prtein). Blueberries are particularly high in antixidants (抗氧化物質(zhì)). The yellw and range stne fruits such as peaches are high in the cartenids we turn int vitamin A and which are antixidants. As fr cherries (櫻桃), they are s delicius wh cares? Hwever, they are rich in vitamin C.
…
24.What des the authr seem t like abut cherries?
A.They cntain prtein.
B.They are high in vitamin A.
C.They have a pleasant taste.
D.They are rich in antixidants.
[解題示范]
第一步:定信息區(qū)間
第二步:比對定答案
三.概括、歸納信息題
是指命題人用精煉的語言來概括原文中比較分散或復(fù)雜的信息,這是命題人設(shè)計細(xì)節(jié)理解題的正確選項(xiàng)時經(jīng)常使用的手段之一。考生首先應(yīng)依據(jù)題干指向,找到文中相應(yīng)的信息區(qū)間,然后嘗試用自己的語言去歸納總結(jié)文中的信息或事實(shí),然后再看選項(xiàng),挑選出和自己所歸納總結(jié)的信息最接近的選項(xiàng)作為正確答案。
例子3…
At present, the wrld has abut 6,800 languages. The distributin f these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild znes have relatively few languages, ften spken by many peple, while ht, wet znes have lts, ften spken by small numbers. Eurpe has nly arund 200 languages; the Americas abut 1,000; Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, f which Papua New Guinea alne accunts fr well ver 800. The median number (中位數(shù)) f speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the wrld's languages are spken by fewer peple than that.
…
30.Hw many languages are spken by less than 6,000 peple at present?
A.Abut 6,800. B.Abut 3,400.
C.Abut 2,400. D.Abut 1,200.
[解題示范]
第一步:定信息區(qū)間
第二步:比對定答案
四.正誤判斷題
是細(xì)節(jié)理解題中解題比較繁瑣的題目,說其繁瑣,因?yàn)槠湫畔⒉幌衿渌愵}目那樣集中在文章的某一句或某一段,而是分散在文章的各個角落。對于這類題目,考生要靜下心來,看清范圍,確定方向,找到每一個選項(xiàng)的對應(yīng)信息后,謹(jǐn)慎排除,綜合選優(yōu)。
例子4
Fd festivals arund the wrld
Stiltn Cheese Rlling
May Day is a traditinal day fr celebratins, but the 2,000 English villagers f Stiltn must be the nly peple in the wrld wh include cheese rlling in their annual plans. Teams f fur, dressed in a variety f strange and funny clthes, rll a cmplete cheese alng a 50-metre curse. On the way, they must nt kick r thrw their cheese, r g int their cmpetitrs' lane (賽道).Cmpetitin is fierce and the chief prize is a cmplete Stiltn cheese weighing abut fur kils (disappintingly, but understandably the cheeses used in the race are wden nes). All the cmpetitrs are served with beer r prt wine, the traditinal accmpaniment fr Stiltn cheese.
Fiery Fds Festival — The Httest Festival n Earth
Every year mre than 10,000 peple head fr the city f Albuquerque, New Mexic. They cme frm as far away as Australia, the Caribbean and China, but they all share a cmmn addictin — fd that is nt just spicy (辛辣), but ht enugh t make yur muth burn, yur head spin and yur eyes water. Their destinatin is the Fiery Fd and BBQ Festival which is held ver a perid f three days every March. Yu might like t try a chclate-cvered habaner pepper — fficially the httest pepper in the wrld — r any ne f the thusands f prducts that are n shw. But ne thing's fr sure — if yu dn't like the feeling f a burning tngue, this festival isn't fr yu!
La Tmatina — The Wrld's Biggest Fd Fight
On the last Wednesday f every August, the Spanish twn f Bu?l hsts La Tmatina — the wrld's largest fd fight. A week-lng celebratin leads up t an exciting tmat battle as the highlight f the week's events. The early mrning sees the arrival f large trucks with tmates — fficial fight-starters get things ging by casting tmates at the crwd.
…
59.Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A.The chief prize fr the Stiltn cheese rlling cmpetitin is beer r prt wine.
B.Mre than 10,000 Chinese take part in the Fiery Fd and BBQ Festival.
C.Thusands f spicy fds are n shw in the Fiery Fd and BBQ Festival.
D.An exciting tmat battle takes place at the beginning f La Tmatina.
[解題示范]
第一步:定信息區(qū)間
第二步:逐一比對定答案
[答案] C
五、定位詞的尋找技巧
1.定位詞的選用
(1)特殊定位詞
在很多題目當(dāng)中會出現(xiàn)人名、地名、數(shù)字、年份和大寫字母縮寫這五類特殊詞。因?yàn)樗鼈兊奶攸c(diǎn)是在一篇多數(shù)是英文小寫字母的文章里非常的醒目,所以很快就能夠做到精確定位。
[示例1]
HUNCH is designed t cnnect high schl classrms with NASA engineers.Fr the past tw years,Grdn’s students have been studying ways t kill bacteria in zer gravity,and they think they’re clse t a slutin(解決方案).“We dn’t give the students any breaks.They have t d it just like NASA engineers,” says Flrence Gld,a prject manager.
33.What is the purpse f the HUNCH prgram?
A.T strengthen teacherstudent relatinships.
B.T sharpen students’ cmmunicatin skills.
C.T allw students t experience zer gravity.
D.T link space technlgy with schl educatin.
分析:選D。本題可以根據(jù)特殊定位詞HUNCH可以定位到本段的第一句“HUNCH is designed t cnnect high schl classrms with NASA engineers.”可知,HUNCH項(xiàng)目的目的是把學(xué)校教育與航天技術(shù)聯(lián)系在一起,故答案為D。
(2)普通定位詞
普通定位詞與特殊定位詞相比,出現(xiàn)的幾率更高。當(dāng)我們看到題中沒有特殊定位詞的情況下,要思考的就是在這道似乎沒有啥重點(diǎn)的詞語中挑選出最能幫助我們快速找到定位的詞語。可以當(dāng)做定位詞的首選是名詞,其次是動詞。
[示例2]
In Save Mney:Gd Fd,she visits a different hme each week and with the help f chef Matt Tebbutt ffers tp tips n hw t reduce fd waste,while preparing recipes fr under £5 per family a day.And the Gd Mrning Britain presenter says she’s been able t put a lt f what she’s learnt int practice in her wn hme,preparing meals fr sns,Sam,14,F(xiàn)inn,13,and Jack,11.
25.Hw des Matt Tebbutt help Susanna?
A.He buys cking materials fr her.
B.He prepares fd fr her kids.
C.He assists her in cking matters.
D.He invites guest families fr her.
分析:選C。 由于比較醒目人名Matt Tebbutt和 Susanna在文中出現(xiàn)多次,所以不能作為定位詞。本題可以利用題干中的動詞help來定位,從而找到原文信息“with the help f chef Matt Tebbutt ffers tp tips n hw t reduce fd waste”。
2.挑選定位詞的注意點(diǎn)
(1)文章中的高頻詞不能作為定位詞
定位詞的最大優(yōu)勢就是可以縮小閱讀范圍,如果我們定位了一個在文章中處處可能出現(xiàn)的詞語,那就失去了定位的意義。
(2)定位詞和文中詞有可能是詞義轉(zhuǎn)換
在實(shí)際做題過程中還要注意,不是所有的題目都可以用定位詞來定位的。而且如果是遇到細(xì)節(jié)信息定位題,很多時候定位詞的作用被削弱了,因?yàn)轭}目中的詞和文中的詞會以同義詞替換的形式出現(xiàn)。所以建議考生一方面要掌握如何去找定位詞,另外一方面要提高自己的閱讀詞匯量,尤其是同義詞轉(zhuǎn)換,這樣才能一擊必中,快速找到答案出現(xiàn)的地方解決問題。
[示例1]
Cherry Blssm Bike Tur in Washingtn,D.C.
Duratin:3 hurs
This small grup bike tur is a fantastic way t see the wrldfamus cherry trees with beautiful flwers f Washingtn, guide will prvide a histry lessn abut the trees and the famus mnuments where they blssm.Reserve yur spt befre availability—and the cherry blssms—disappear!
21.Which tur d yu need t bk in advance?
A.Cherry Blssm Bike Tur in Washingtn,D.C.
B.Washingtn Capital Mnuments Bicycle Tur.
C.Capital City Bike Tur in Washingtn,D.C.
D.Washingtn Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tur.
分析:選A。本題可以用同義詞定位:bk in advance =reserve“預(yù)約”。根據(jù)第一條自行車旅行路線中的“Reserve yur spt befre availability—and the cherry blssms—disappear!”可知,選擇這條自行車旅行路線需要提前預(yù)訂。
總結(jié):
在高中英語閱讀中,選擇合適的定位詞可以幫助我們快速、準(zhǔn)確地在原文中找到答案所在位置,以下是一些選擇定位詞的方法及舉例:
一、特殊定位詞
特殊定位詞具有獨(dú)特性,在文中容易快速識別,??勺鳛閮?yōu)先選擇的定位詞。
人名:如“ In Save Mney:Gd Fd,she visits a different hme each week and with the help f chef Matt Tebbutt ffers tp tips n hw t reduce fd waste” ,若題目涉及Matt Tebbutt相關(guān)內(nèi)容,就可將“Matt Tebbutt”作為定位詞,快速在文中找到相關(guān)信息 。
地名:像“Cherry Blssm Bike Tur in Washingtn,D.C.” ,如果題目與這次騎行之旅或者華盛頓特區(qū)相關(guān),“Washingtn,D.C.”就能幫助定位。
數(shù)字(包括日期、時間、價格、數(shù)量等):例如“Duratin:3 hurs”(持續(xù)時間:3小時),若題目詢問該活動時長相關(guān)問題,“3 hurs”就是明顯的定位詞 。
專有名詞(首字母大寫的特定名稱,如組織名、機(jī)構(gòu)名等):比如“Gd Mrning Britain”(《早安英國》 ,一檔節(jié)目),若題目圍繞這個節(jié)目展開,它就是定位關(guān)鍵。
特殊符號中的內(nèi)容:如引號、括號、破折號等符號內(nèi)的信息 。比如“‘Save Mney:Gd Fd’(《省錢:美食》),書名在引號中,可用于定位 。
二、普通定位詞
當(dāng)題目中沒有特殊定位詞時,可考慮以下普通定位詞:
名詞:是普通定位詞的首選,因?yàn)槊~通常表達(dá)具體的事物,具有較強(qiáng)的指向性。 例如題目問“Hw des Matt Tebbutt help Susanna?” ,“Matt Tebbutt”和“Susanna”是人名可定位,“help”這個動作依賴的對象是核心,所以“help”相關(guān)信息也是重點(diǎn),而“help”的雙方涉及的行為,像“cking matters(烹飪相關(guān)事宜)”這個名詞短語也可作為定位詞 。
動詞:能體現(xiàn)動作和行為,也有助于定位。如上述例子中,“assists(協(xié)助)”“prepares(準(zhǔn)備)”“buys(購買)”等動詞,可幫助確定人物間的具體行為關(guān)系,輔助定位 。
三、選擇定位詞的注意事項(xiàng)
避開高頻詞:文章中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的高頻詞,不適合作為定位詞,因?yàn)闊o法精準(zhǔn)定位到某一處與題目相關(guān)的內(nèi)容。比如一篇介紹環(huán)保的文章,“envirnment(環(huán)境)”一詞多次出現(xiàn),就不宜作為定位詞。
注意同義轉(zhuǎn)換:題目中的定位詞在文中可能會以同義詞或近義詞的形式出現(xiàn)。例如題目中用“purchase(購買)” ,文中可能用“buy” ;題目中用“begin(開始)” ,文中可能用“start” 。所以平時要注重積累同義詞,提升詞匯量,這樣才能快速識別同義轉(zhuǎn)換后的定位詞 。
六、真題感悟
1. 2025.1 浙江卷B篇第2段
Accrding t Charltte Markey, a prfessr f psychlgy, fd is ne f the rare subjects where, as parents, saying less is mre. “There are s many things in parenting that are gd t talk thrugh, but I’m nt cnvinced that fd is ne f them,” she says. “It just creates sme wrries and insecurities in kids that aren’t necessarily healthy.”
25. Which f the fllwing wuld Markey disapprve f?
A. Allwing kids t eat ckies ccasinally.
B. Offering varius fds t kids at fixed times.
C. Explaining t kids the risks f taking snacks.
D. Talking with kids abut schl at mealtimes.
25. C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段末句心理學(xué)教授的建議 “It just creates sme wrries and insecurities in kids that aren’t necessarily healthy” 可知,不應(yīng)向孩子講解與零食相關(guān)的風(fēng)險,因?yàn)榭赡軙聿唤】档挠绊?,故選C項(xiàng)。
2. 2025.1 八省聯(lián)考C篇第3-4段
Jacbs ntes that the built frm f a city is crucial t the life f an urban cmmunity, especially the sidewalks. The streets in which peple live shuld be a tight pattern f crssed sidewalks, which allw peple t meet, talk, and get t knw ne anther. Such a cmplex but ultimately enriching set f encunters helps individuals knw their neighburs and neighburhd better.
Diversity and mixed-use f space are als, fr Jacbs, key elements f this urban frm. The cmmercial, business, and residential elements f a city shuld nt be separated ut but instead be side by side, t allw fr greater integratin f peple. There shuld als be a diversity f ld and new buildings, and peple's interactins shuld determine hw buildings get used and reused.
30. Hw des Jacbs suggest sidewalks be built?
A. Lined with plants. B. Painted with clear signs.
C. Tightly cnnected. D. Cnvenient fr the ld.
30. C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的“The streets in which peple live shuld be a tight pattern f crssed sidewalks”可知,Jacbs建議人行道應(yīng)緊密相連,方便人們交流和互動。故選C項(xiàng)。
3. 2024 新高考1卷C篇
Audi (音頻) and vide can feel mre engaging than text, and s university teachers increasingly turn t these technlgies — say, assigning an nline talk instead f an article by the same persn. Hwever, psychlgists have demnstrated that when adults read news stries, they remember mre f the cntent than if they listen t r view identical pieces.
Digital texts, audi and vide all have educatinal rles, especially when prviding resurces nt available in print. Hwever, fr maximizing learning where mental fcus and reflectin are called fr, educatrs shuldn’t assume all media are the same, even when they cntain identical wrds.
30. Why are audi and vide increasingly used by university teachers?
A. They can hld students' attentin.B. They are mre cnvenient t prepare.
C. They help develp advanced skills.D. They are mre infrmative than text.
【解析】
【導(dǎo)語】本文是議論文。主要討論了紙質(zhì)閱讀與數(shù)字閱讀、音頻和視頻學(xué)習(xí)方式的差異和效果。
【30題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Audi (音頻) and vide can feel mre engaging than text, and s university teachers increasingly turn t these technlgies — say, assigning an nline talk instead f an article by the same persn.(音頻和視頻可能比文本更具吸引力,因此大學(xué)教師越來越多地轉(zhuǎn)向這些技術(shù),例如分配在線講座而不是同一作者的文章)”可知,音頻和視頻比文本更能吸引學(xué)生的注意力,所以大學(xué)教師越來越多地使用這些技術(shù)。故選A項(xiàng)。
4. 2024 新高考2卷D篇
Campbell’s pint is t wake up thse respnsible fr AI-the technlgy cmpanies and wrld leaders-s they are n the same page as all the experts currently develping it. She explains we are at a “tipping pint” in histry and must act nw t prevent an extinctin-level event fr humanity. We need t cnsider hw we want ur future with AI t pan ut. Such structured thinking, fllwed by glbal regulatin, will enable us t achieve greatness rather than ur dwnfall.
AI will affect us all, and if yu nly read ne bk n the subject, this is it.
14. What des Campbell urge peple t d regarding AI develpment?
A. Observe existing regulatins n it.
B. Recnsider expert pinins abut it.
C. Make jint effrts t keep it under cntrl.
D. Learn frm prir experience t slw it dwn.
【14題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“She says it is essential that we keep cntrl f artificial intelligence, r risk being sidelined and perhaps even wrse. (她說,我們必須保持對人工智能的控制,否則就有被邊緣化甚至更糟的風(fēng)險)”和文章最后一段“We need t cnsider hw we want ur future with AI t pan ut. Such structured thinking, fllwed by glbal regulatin, will enable us t achieve greatness rather than ur dwnfall. (我們需要考慮我們希望人工智能的未來如何發(fā)展。這種結(jié)構(gòu)化的思維,加上全球監(jiān)管,將使我們走向偉大,而不是走向衰敗)”可知,坎貝爾敦促人們保持對人工智能的控制,考慮人工智能的未來應(yīng)如何發(fā)展,所以關(guān)于人工智能的發(fā)展,坎貝爾敦促人們共同努力將其控制住。故選C項(xiàng)。
5. 2024.6北京卷D篇
But ther channels f creativity stayed pen: I went n writing pems and stries. Still, I went t exhibitins ften. I cntinued my habitual drawing, which I nw characterised as childish ddling (亂畫). In my 30s, I made painter friends and learned new ways f lking at art. Hwever, I culdn’t let myself have a g at actually ding it. Thugh these new friends were abstract painters using il paints, r were printmakers r sculptrs, I tk il painting as the tab (禁忌) high frm I wasn’t allwed t practice.
25. In her 30s, the authr _________.
A. avided il painting practiceB. sught fr a painting career
C. fancied abstract paintingD. exhibited child paintings
【25題詳解】
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“In my 30s, I made painter friends and learned new ways f lking at art.(在我30多歲時,我結(jié)交了畫家朋友們,學(xué)到了看待藝術(shù)的新方法)”和“Thugh these new friends were abstract painters using il paints, r were printmakers r sculptrs, I tk il painting as the tab (禁忌) high frm I wasn’t allwed t practice. (雖然這些新朋友是使用油畫顏料的抽象畫師,或者是版畫家或雕塑家,但我把油畫作為禁忌的高級形式,不允許我練習(xí))”可知,作者在30多歲時回避練習(xí)油畫。故選A。
同義替換
指對原文句子中的關(guān)鍵詞進(jìn)行同義替換。如把lse ne's jb換成了be ut f wrk。有些細(xì)節(jié)理解題把原文中的一些詞變換一下詞性,如把imprtant變換成f imprtance;改變原文中句子的語態(tài),如主動語態(tài)與被動語態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換。
信息歸納
用精煉的語言來概括原文中比較分散或復(fù)雜的信息,設(shè)置為正確答案。
正話反說
把原文中的意思反過來表達(dá)而成為正確選項(xiàng)。
原文原詞
利用原文原詞作為正確選項(xiàng)。
張冠李戴
是原文信息,但不是題目要求的內(nèi)容。
無中生有
符合常識,但不是文章的內(nèi)容。
曲解文意
與原文的內(nèi)容極其相似,只是在某個細(xì)節(jié)處有些變動。
顛倒是非
在意思上與原文大相徑庭甚至完全相反。
正誤參半
部分正確,部分錯誤。
抓關(guān)鍵
題干中的關(guān)鍵詞:Gergia, sell, bjects
鎖信息
定位:用Gergia,sell,bjects尋讀,在文中找到信息源——She chse t sell a few larger bjects that were less ften used when we prmised t put the mney int her schl fund (基金) (ur kindergarten daughter is serius abut becming a dctr).
選項(xiàng)
選項(xiàng)意思
定位
A
為她的假期儲蓄。
曲解文意
B
為一個貧困女孩募捐。
曲解文意
C
把錢放入她的基金。
同義替換
D
把錢送給一個生病的媽媽。
無中生有
[分析] 選C 比對選項(xiàng)和信息句可知,女兒愿意賣幾件玩具,是因?yàn)槲覀兂兄Z把錢放入她的求學(xué)基金;選項(xiàng)和原文中均出現(xiàn)fund一詞,故為直接細(xì)節(jié)理解題。故選C。
抓關(guān)鍵
題干中的關(guān)鍵詞:cherries
鎖信息
定位:用cherries尋讀,在文中找到信息源——As fr cherries (櫻桃), they are s delicius wh cares? Hwever, they are rich in vitamin C.
選項(xiàng)
選項(xiàng)意思
定位
A
它們含有蛋白質(zhì)。
張冠李戴
B
它們富含維生素A。
張冠李戴
C
它們口感好。
同義替換
D
它們含有豐富的抗氧化物質(zhì)。
張冠李戴
[分析] 選C 根據(jù)該段最后一句“As fr cherries (櫻桃), they are s delicius wh cares? Hwever, they are rich in vitamin C.”可知,原文中的they are s delicius被替換成選項(xiàng)中的They have a pleasant taste,為間接細(xì)節(jié)理解題。故選C。
抓關(guān)鍵
題干中的關(guān)鍵詞:6,000
鎖信息
定位:用6,000尋讀,在文中找到信息源——The median number (中位數(shù)) f speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the wrld's languages are spken by fewer peple than that.
選項(xiàng)
選項(xiàng)意思
原文意思
定位
A
大約6 800種。
6 800為現(xiàn)在世界現(xiàn)存語言數(shù)量。
張冠李戴
B
大約3 400種。
世界語言總量的一半即為3 400。
信息歸納
C
大約2 400種。
2 400為非洲語言數(shù)量。
張冠李戴
D
大約1 200種。
數(shù)字1 200在原文中沒有出現(xiàn),也無法做出有效歸納。
無中生有
[分析] 選B 根據(jù)本段第一句“At present, the wrld has abut 6,800 languages.”可知,目前世界上有大約6 800種語言;再根據(jù)最后一句“The median number (中位數(shù)) f speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the wrld's languages are spken by fewer peple than that.”可知,目前世界上一半的語言的使用人數(shù)少于6 000,也就是說有大約3 400種語言的使用人數(shù)少于6 000。根據(jù)以上數(shù)據(jù)的歸納概括可知B項(xiàng)為正確選項(xiàng)。
選項(xiàng)
選項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵詞
信息區(qū)間
A
The chief prize fr the Stiltn cheese rlling cmpetitin
第一段第四句
B
Mre than 10,000 Chinese
第二段第一、二句
C
Thusands f spicy fds are n shw
第二段倒數(shù)第二句
D
An exciting tmat battle takes place at the beginning
第三段第二句
選項(xiàng)
選項(xiàng)意思
原文意思
定位
A
Stiltn滾動奶酪比賽的主要獎品是啤酒或波爾圖葡萄酒。
獎品是a cmplete Stiltn cheese。
張冠李戴
B
一萬多名中國人參加Fiery Fd and BBQ Festival。
參加者來自世界各地。
曲解文意
C
在Fiery Fd and BBQ Festival上,成千上萬種辛辣食物被展出。
展出了成千上萬種食物。
同義替換
D
在La Tmatina節(jié)日的開始,會舉行一場激動人心的“西紅柿大戰(zhàn)”。
“西紅柿大戰(zhàn)”發(fā)生在節(jié)日結(jié)尾,而不是節(jié)日的開始。
曲解文意
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