第12講：句子翻譯之能力提升-2025年春季高考英語沖刺總復(fù)習(xí)（上海專用）-試卷下載-教習(xí)網(wǎng)

知識(shí)梳理
演練
【考情鏈接】
高考英語翻譯（中譯英）題要求考生能應(yīng)用所學(xué)過的語法和詞匯來準(zhǔn)確地表達(dá)思想，是一種要求相當(dāng)高的考查形式。要求考生把中文的句子譯成通順的、語法結(jié)構(gòu)正確的、符合英語表達(dá)習(xí)慣的英語句子，并能準(zhǔn)確地傳達(dá)中文句子中的每一個(gè)信息。該題型全面地考查學(xué)生英語詞匯、語法等知識(shí)的綜合運(yùn)用能力，它對(duì)學(xué)生的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)、冠詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞等應(yīng)用能力，還對(duì)學(xué)生的詞組、句型、句子結(jié)構(gòu)等進(jìn)行了全面考查。
1.高考評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn):
（1）每題中單詞拼寫、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)、大小寫錯(cuò)誤每?jī)商幙垡环郑?br>（2）語法錯(cuò)誤（包括時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤）每處扣一分；
（3）譯文沒用所給的單詞扣一分。
2．解題步驟：
（1）分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)、尋找合適的句型
中文必須仔細(xì)讀，一定要看的就是題目給我們的關(guān)鍵字。一般來說，中譯英的句型可分為三大類：1.簡(jiǎn)單句；2.并列句；3.復(fù)合句；同時(shí)我們也要注意非謂語動(dòng)詞及其他一些特殊結(jié)構(gòu)?；仡櫧鼛啄甑母呖荚囶}時(shí)，也不難發(fā)現(xiàn)試題中考了一些特殊句式。如：it句型、倒裝句、with結(jié)構(gòu)。
（2）明確考核要點(diǎn)、選擇詞語搭配
在高考翻譯題中，我們也不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，每一句常含有二、三個(gè)詞語搭配，翻譯時(shí)稍不注意就會(huì)失分。因此，在做每一道中譯英題時(shí)，首先要確定句中幾組(個(gè))動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞詞組，然后選定恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~語以及相應(yīng)的搭配，尤其要注意括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞語的準(zhǔn)確運(yùn)用。
（3）確定時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)、注意前后呼應(yīng)
時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)一直是英語考試中考查的重點(diǎn)。正確的思路應(yīng)該是首先瀏覽全句中文，要能夠做到根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語和字里行間所給出的提示來定位一個(gè)基本時(shí)態(tài)，即主句的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)，而其他動(dòng)詞必須與之呼應(yīng)。
（4）了解文化差異、避免中式英語
注重中英文表述習(xí)慣的不同之處，克服母語造成的潛在障礙，翻譯時(shí)，切忌將兩種語言對(duì)等地進(jìn)行交換，尤其是對(duì)成語、俗語的翻譯，否則就貽笑大方了。成語如：固執(zhí)己見、引人入勝、愛不釋手、鼎力相助、三言兩語等。
【要點(diǎn)梳理】
要點(diǎn)一：翻譯策略
直譯和意譯
直譯和意譯沒有明確界限，往往是一句漢語整體可以直譯，但局部（特別是成語和俗語）卻要通過意譯。注意邏輯主語的變化。
【例1】(2020上海春考）每周三，這些大學(xué)生都會(huì)雷打不動(dòng)地去孤兒院做志愿者，教孩子們剪紙和編織。(a rule)
【思路解析】句中“雷打不動(dòng)”無法直接翻譯，只能意譯為：make it a rule t d sth.表示“使做某事成為常規(guī)”。
【參考答案】Thse cllege students make it a rule t g t the rphanage t wrk as vlunteers every Wednesday,
【詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞、時(shí)態(tài)和固定句式。根據(jù)句意和提示詞可知，本句使用固定句式：make it a rule t d，表示“使做某事成為常規(guī)”，時(shí)間狀語“每周三”表明是經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，同時(shí)使用非謂語動(dòng)詞，“大學(xué)生”與“教”之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，表示主動(dòng)，用現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語，故翻譯為：Every Wednesday，these university students make it a rule t d vlunteer service in the rphanage, teaching children paper-cutting and knitting.
【例2】(2019上海高考）爺爺有點(diǎn)耳背，對(duì)他耐心一點(diǎn)。(patient）
【思路解析】句中“耳背”無法直譯，只能意譯為：a little deaf或smething wrng with ne's ears。
【參考答案】Grandpa is a little deaf and be patient with him./There is smething wrng with grandpa's ears, s be patient with him.
【詳解】考查短語和時(shí)態(tài)。結(jié)合句意表示“耳背”可翻譯為there be smething wrng with ne's ears；表示“對(duì)某人耐心”短語為be patient with sb.；此處為s連接并列句，且前半句陳述事實(shí)應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，后半句為肯定祈使句，句首動(dòng)詞用原形。故翻譯為There is smething wrng with grandpa's ears, s be patient with him.
【例3】（2020年春考）這首歌在今年的藝術(shù)節(jié)上首發(fā)時(shí)，因其旋律歡快，風(fēng)格詼諧引起轟動(dòng)，但只是曇花一現(xiàn)。（when）
【思路解析】此句中“曇花一現(xiàn)”’可以意譯為：its ppularity didn’t last lng / but it lasted (fr) nly a very shrt time/ perid.；也可以直譯為：a flash in the pan。
【參考答案】When first released at the pening ceremny f the Art Festival, this sng caused a sensatin / made a stir because f / fr/ due t its cheerful meldy and humrus style, but it was just a flash in the pan./ but it didn’t last lng. / but it lasted (fr) nly a very shrt time/ perid.
/The sng caused a stir/sensatin /became a hit fr its cheerful meldy and cmic style when it was first perfrmed/released at the Art Festival this year, but its ppularity didn’t last lng/a flash in the pan .
【詳解】本題考查了when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，考查的詞匯和詞組并不難，“曇花一現(xiàn)”看似難翻，但只要表達(dá)清楚意思就可以了。
【例4】這部基于那場(chǎng)重要戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的電影一上映就很賣座。(Hardly)
【思路解析】此句中“很賣座”不能直接一一對(duì)應(yīng)翻譯，只能意思是翻譯，意譯為： it attracted a large audience。
【參考答案】Hardly had the film abut the imprtant battle been released when it attracted a large audience.
【詳解】考查倒裝句、否定副詞、介詞、時(shí)態(tài)、名詞、形容詞和短語。表示“基于”應(yīng)用介詞abut；表示“這部電影”應(yīng)用名詞短語the film；表示“重要的”應(yīng)用形容詞imprtant；表示“那場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)”應(yīng)用名詞短語the battle；表示“上映”應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞release；表示“賣座”應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞短語attract a large audience。根據(jù)所給副詞“Hardly”幾乎不的意思和首字母的大寫形式可知，這句話需要Hardly放在句首的部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)“Hardly…when…”一……就……，該短語要求從句為一般過去時(shí)，主句用過去完成時(shí)，部分倒裝時(shí)，助動(dòng)詞had置于主語之前。故翻譯為Hardly had the film abut the imprtant battle been released when it attracted a large audience.
2. 適當(dāng)加減詞
【例1】他雖然退休了，但仍然關(guān)心著公司的業(yè)務(wù)。
【答案】Thugh he has retired, he still cares abut the cmpany’s business.
【思路解析】從句“但仍然關(guān)心著公司的業(yè)務(wù)”中文主語省略了，翻譯時(shí)候主句需加上主語“he”.
【例2】這款手機(jī)樣式新穎、攜帶方面，深受年輕人的歡迎。 (2005上海高考)
【答案】The mbile phne is fashinable in style and cnvenient t carry, s it is very ppular with yungsters.
/The mbile phne is fashinable in style and cnvenient t carry, and it is very ppular with yungsters.
【思路解析】中文兩個(gè)分句有因果關(guān)系或并列關(guān)系，故翻譯時(shí)，當(dāng)并列句需加“and”；當(dāng)主從句時(shí)，需加上從屬連詞“s”。
【例3】根據(jù)科學(xué)家們的看法，自然界要用500年的時(shí)間才能形成一英寸厚的表面土壤。
【答案】Accrding t scientists, it takes nature 500 years t create an inch f tpsil.
【思路解析】根據(jù)英語表達(dá)，此處“看法”可以省略不必翻譯。
【例4】究竟是什么激發(fā)小王學(xué)習(xí)電子工程的積極性？(mtivate)（2019上海春考）
【答案】What n earth mtivated Xia Wang t study / learn electrnic engineering?
/What was it that mtivated Xia Wang t study / learn electrnic engineering?
【思路解析】根據(jù)英語表達(dá)及句子成分分析，此處“的積極性”可以省略不必翻譯。
【例5】物理課上，他沒聽懂王教授所講的內(nèi)容。(fail) （2006上海春考）
【答案】In the physics class, he failed t understand what Prfessr Wang was talking abut.
【思路解析】根據(jù)英語表達(dá)及句子成分分析，此處“的內(nèi)容”可以省略不必翻譯。
3. 語序的變化
【例1】博物館疏于管理，展品積灰，門廳冷清，急需改善。(whse)（2019上海春考）
【答案】The museum,whse exhibits are dusty, badly needs t be imprved because f its few visitrs and pr management.
【思路解析】此句中文表達(dá)簡(jiǎn)潔，多為四字格，疏于管理nt well managed/management is reckless，被灰塵覆蓋be cvered with dust/be piled with dust，游客稀少few visitrs ，亟需改善be badly in need f imprvement/requires immediate imprvement 。翻譯時(shí)，厘清主句從句關(guān)系，化繁為簡(jiǎn)，適當(dāng)調(diào)整句子語序。故翻譯為his museum is nt well managed whse exhibits are cvered with dust and there are few visitrs s everything is badly in need f imprvement.或The museum whse management is reckless whse exhibits are piled with dust and whse lbby is deserted /requires immediate imprvement.
【例2】在線預(yù)訂出租車雖然很時(shí)尚，但許多相關(guān)問題尚待解決。(as)
【答案】Fashinable as bking taxis nline is, many related prblems remain t be slved.
【思路解析】根據(jù)中文所給提示詞，as 當(dāng)“雖然，盡管” 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句需用倒裝語序。
4. 詞性的合理變化
【例1】人們現(xiàn)在隨時(shí)能在超市買到新鮮牛奶。（available）
【答案】Nwadays fresh milk can available t peple at anytime at the supermarket.
【思路解析】句中動(dòng)詞“買到”轉(zhuǎn)換為形容詞短語“sth. be available t sb”, 且注意中英文語序發(fā)生了變化。
【例2】學(xué)生不能進(jìn)入教師閱覽室。 ( access n.)
【答案】Students have n access t the teachers’ reading rm.
【思路解析】句中動(dòng)詞“進(jìn)入”轉(zhuǎn)換為含名詞短語“have/get access t”, 詞性發(fā)生了變化。
【例3】網(wǎng)上支付方便了用戶，但是犧牲了他們的隱私。(at the cst f)
【答案】Online payment makes it easier fr users, but (it is) at the cst f their privacy
【思路解析】句中動(dòng)詞“犧牲了”轉(zhuǎn)換為含名詞短語“at the cst f ”, 詞性發(fā)生了變化。
要點(diǎn)二：翻譯常設(shè)考點(diǎn)
時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)
【例1】我第一次寫英語作文時(shí)，犯了很多拼寫錯(cuò)誤。（make）
【答案】The first time I wrte an English cmpsitin, I made a lt f spelling mistakes.
【例1】這是他第一次回老家過年，是嗎？(time)
This is the first time that he has gne back hmetwn t spend the Spring Festival, isn’t it?
【例3】當(dāng)時(shí)，那位出租車司機(jī)別無選擇，只能求助于游客。（chice）
【答案】At that time the taxi driver had n chice but t turn t the turist / traveler (fr help).
【例4】在過去幾年里，這家工廠用塑料代替木頭來降低成本。(substitute)
【答案】In the past few years, this factry has substituted plastic fr wd in rder t reduce the cst.
【例5】應(yīng)該鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生將課堂上所學(xué)的知識(shí)用于實(shí)踐中去。(apply)
【答案】Students shuld be encuraged t apply what they have learned in class t practice.
2、以“it”用法為主的考點(diǎn)
【例1】正是那場(chǎng)突如其來的大雨打亂了他們的計(jì)劃。(It)
【答案】It was the unexpected rain that upset their plan.
【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句和時(shí)態(tài)。本句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，其結(jié)構(gòu)為It is +強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 +that從句。本句強(qiáng)調(diào)主語 the unexpected rain 。陳述過去事情，用一般過去時(shí)。根據(jù)句意，故翻譯為It was the unexpected rain that upset their plan.
【例2】那些未曾去過那個(gè)小村莊的人很難描繪出它的美麗。（ it ）
【答案】It is very hard fr thse wh haven’t been t the small village t describe its beauty.
【解析】考查it做形式主語用法。
【例3】我發(fā)現(xiàn)很難與那些一貫固執(zhí)己見的人合作。（it ）
【答案】I find it hard/it is hard t cperate with thse wh always stick t their wn pinins.
【解析】考查it做形式賓語用法。
【例4】如果你方便的話，請(qǐng)幫我從郵局取回包裹。(cnvenient)
【答案】If it is cnvenient t yu, please fetch the parcel fr me frm the pst ffice./It is impssible fr yu t cmplete the task alne.
【解析】類似用it形式主語或賓語的形容詞還有cnvenient, necessary, essential, imprtant 等
3、以非謂語為主的考點(diǎn)
【例1】只喝一杯咖啡就會(huì)使我整晚睡不著。（keep）
【答案】Drinking nly a cup f cffee will keep me awake all night.
【例2】他很后悔失去了獲得獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金的機(jī)會(huì)。（regret）
【答案】He regrets lsing the pprtunity t btain the schlarship.
【例3】昨晚有許多人等在劇院前想一睹那位歌星的風(fēng)采. (there be )
【答案】There were a lt f peple waiting in frnt f the theatre yesterday evening t have a glance at the star singer.
【例4】整個(gè)上午他都在忙于寫那篇故事，只是偶爾停下來喝杯茶。(break ff)
【答案】He was busy writing the stry all the mrning, nly breaking ff ccasinally t have a cup f tea.
【例5】同其他學(xué)生相比，那個(gè)女孩有更強(qiáng)的英語聽、說能力。（cmpare）
【答案】Cmpared with ther students,the girl has better listening and speaking abilities in English.
【例1】這個(gè)游戲的規(guī)則太復(fù)雜，三言兩語解釋不清。(t … t) (2004上海高考)
【答案】The rule f the game is t cmplicated t explain/be explained in a few wrds.
4、以從句為主的考點(diǎn)
【例1】我實(shí)在想不通為什么大伙兒都覺得他這個(gè)人高不可攀，我印象中他挺和藹可親的。(strike)（2020屆徐匯區(qū)高考英語一模）
I can’t understand why peple all think he is ut f reach/inaccessible, because he strikes me as a very apprachable and kind/amiable persn. （名詞性從句）
【例2】在當(dāng)今社會(huì)，誘惑和干擾無處不在，自律即使不是最重要的，也是重要的品質(zhì)之一，因?yàn)樗行У卮龠M(jìn)了一個(gè)人的進(jìn)步和發(fā)展。 (where)(2020屆楊浦區(qū)高考一模)
In tday’s sciety where temptatins and distractins are everywhere，self-discipline is ne f the mst imprtant qualities, if nt the mst imprtant, fr/as it cntributes effectively t/ prmtes/enhances a man’s prgress and develpment. （定語從句）
【例3】如今，病人能很便捷地下載他們的醫(yī)療記錄以獲取諸如檢測(cè)結(jié)果之類的信息，大大節(jié)省了時(shí)間和人力。(s…that)(2020屆黃埔區(qū)高考一模)
Nwadays, it is s cnvenient fr patients t dwnlad their medical recrds t access infrmatin such as the test results that they will save a lt f time and labr. （狀語從句）
5、以倒裝句型為主的考點(diǎn)
【例1】該選手的機(jī)智及開闊的知識(shí)面使評(píng)委們大為驚異，他們一致同意他為冠軍獲得者。 (S…)(2020屆嘉定區(qū)高考一模)
【答案】S amazed were the judges at the wisdm and wide knwledge f the cntestant that they all agreed that he wuld be the champin. / be the winner./ win the champinship.
【例2】他向朋保證在任何情況下都不會(huì)違背做一個(gè)誠(chéng)實(shí)守信的人的承諾。（under n circumstances）（2018奉賢區(qū)二模）
【答案】He assured his friends that under n circumstances wuld he break the prmise that he wuld be an hnest man.
【例3】他親自到了中國(guó)后才意識(shí)到他對(duì)中國(guó)的了解是何等膚淺。（Only）
【答案】Only when he came t China himself did he realize hw pr his knwledge f the cuntry was.
【例4】登山運(yùn)動(dòng)的吸引力不僅在于運(yùn)動(dòng)員之間的激烈競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，還體現(xiàn)在運(yùn)動(dòng)員與自然環(huán)境的抗?fàn)幹?。（Nt nly...）(2020屆浦東新區(qū)高考一模)
【答案】Nt nly des the appeal/attractin f muntain climbing lie in the fierce cmpetitin between athletes, but it is als reflected in the athletes’ fight against the natural envirnment. (the fight between the athletes and the natural envirnment)
【例5】一聽到警察的腳步聲，小偷就跑走了。(Away)
【答案】Away ran the thief as sn as he heard the ftsteps f the plice. （此句為完全倒裝句）
6、以動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語為主的考點(diǎn)
【例1】看到掛滿枝頭鮮紅嫩綠的果實(shí)，他們不禁心生歡喜。（can’t help)（2020屆奉賢區(qū)高考英語一模）
【答案】At the sight f the fruits with brilliant clrs hanging n the branches, they culdn’t help feeling admiring them.
【例2】本次“城市公共交通周”的活動(dòng)旨在提高公眾節(jié)能環(huán)保的意識(shí)。(aim)（2020屆徐匯區(qū)高考英語一模）
【答案】The campaign f the urban public transprt week aims t raise public awareness f saving energy and prtecting the envirnment / energy cnservatin and envirnmental prtectin.
【例3】在每天的早晚高峰期間，堵上半小時(shí)是常有的事，要是下雨的話，堵的時(shí)間就更長(zhǎng)了。（stuck）
【答案】During the mrning and evening rush hurs, it is cmmn t be stuck in traffic fr half an hur, and it will be lnger if it rains.
【例4】家長(zhǎng)是孩子們最親近的人，但是有時(shí)他們依然不理解孩子們說的話。（figure）
【答案】Althugh parents are the clsest peple t their children, smetimes they still cannt figure ut what their children say
7、以成語（諺語）為主的考點(diǎn)
【例1】在很多地區(qū)，旅游業(yè)對(duì)環(huán)境的影響簡(jiǎn)直觸目驚心，但人們往往因?yàn)槁糜螛I(yè)帶來的經(jīng)濟(jì)利益而對(duì)此置若罔聞。(a blind eye)
【答案】In many places, the impact f turism n the envirnment is really shcking, but peple usually turn a blind eye t it just because f the ecnmic benefits turism brings abut.
【解析】
【詳解】考查短語、時(shí)態(tài)和定語從句。turn a blind eye t(對(duì)…… )視而不見；because f 因?yàn)?；bring abut帶來。句中先行詞為benefits，在定語從句中作bring abut的賓語，所以用關(guān)系代詞which或that引導(dǎo)，也可以省略。陳述客觀事實(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。根據(jù)句意，故翻譯為In many places, the impact f turism n the envirnment is really shcking, but peple usually turn a blind eye t it just because f the ecnmic benefits turism brings abut.
【例2】和學(xué)生時(shí)代的他相比，那名士兵簡(jiǎn)直判若兩人。（Hw）(2019上海高考）
【答案】Hw different the sldier is frm what he was in his schl days ！
【詳解】考查感嘆句、時(shí)態(tài)和名詞性從句。Hw+形容詞 / 副詞+主語+謂語！frm后的賓語從句中，從句缺少表語，且指物，所以用連接詞what。根據(jù)句意，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故翻譯為Hw different the sldier is frm what he was in his schl days ！
【例3】隨著體力逐漸恢復(fù)正常，那名業(yè)余自行車手的奪冠之夢(mèng)不再遙不可及。（nrmal）2019上海高考）
【答案】As his physical strength returns t nrmal, the amateur cyclist’s dream f winning champinship will n lnger be beynd reach.
【詳解】考查狀語從句、固定短語和時(shí)態(tài)。本句為as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，從句中表示“體力”應(yīng)用短語physical strength，作主語；表示“恢復(fù)正常”可知短語為return t nrmal，從句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；主句中表示“業(yè)余自行車手”短語為amateur cyclist；表示“奪冠之夢(mèng)”可翻譯為dream f winning champinship；表示“不再”短語為n lnger；表示“遙不可及”短語為beynd reach，主句應(yīng)用一般將來時(shí)。故翻譯為As his physical strength returns t nrmal, the amateur cyclist’s dream f winning champinship will n lnger be beynd reach.
課堂精練
演練
高考翻譯需注意的問題
詞的特殊用法
如：accessible, available, arrange, cnvenient等
1：他忘了帶閱讀證，進(jìn)不了圖書館。（accessible）
He frgt t bring the reading card, s the library was nt accessible t him.
2：我已安排好一輛車去車站接他們。（arrange）
I have arranged fr a car t pick them up at the railway statin.
3：如果你方便的話，請(qǐng)幫我去郵局寄一些包裹。（cnvenient）
If it is cnvenient t yu, please g t the pst ffice t send these parcels fr me.
動(dòng)詞語態(tài)問題：謂語動(dòng)詞及非謂語動(dòng)詞都應(yīng)注意語態(tài)問題
4：這里的菜燒得很好，還有免費(fèi)蛋糕供應(yīng)。(prvide)
The dishes are well cked here and free cakes are prvided.
5：應(yīng)該更加強(qiáng)調(diào)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的實(shí)際運(yùn)用能力。
Great emphasis shuld be put n cultivating students’ practical ability.
6：我們必須對(duì)這里正在討論的一些事情保密。(discuss)
We must keep a secret f the things being discussed here.
7：應(yīng)該鼓勵(lì)年輕人按照自己的特長(zhǎng)選擇職業(yè)。（encurage）
The yung peple/ yungsters shuld be encuraged t chse their careers accrding t/ based n their wn strng pints/ strengths.
選擇正確的詞語搭配，主要是介詞的選擇問題和be+p.p. + prep.結(jié)構(gòu)
8：我不需要買新車，我的那輛舊車還很好。(cnditin)
I dn’t need t/needn’t buy a new car as my ld ne is still in gd cnditin.
9：我忘了提醒他面試的時(shí)間。（remind）
I frgt t remind him f the time fr the interview.
10：我對(duì)學(xué)生所談?wù)摰碾娮赢a(chǎn)品一無所知，我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己落伍了。（ignrant）
Being ignrant f the electrnic prducts the students are talking abut，I find myself left behind/ utdated/ ut f date.
Be+p.p.+ prep.結(jié)構(gòu)：be invlved in, be qualified fr, be equipped with, be cncerned abut, be based n, be addicted t, be amazed at, be regarded as, be engaged in等
11：市長(zhǎng)非常關(guān)心市民不遵受交通規(guī)則的問題。（cncern）
The mayr is much cncerned abut the prblem f the citizens’ disbeying the traffic regulatins.
特殊句式： it做形式主語和賓語，強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，倒裝句，the reasn why… is that …, it (never) ccurs t me that…, it’s said that…, nt…but …等
12：我遲到的原因是他們沒通知我開會(huì)的時(shí)間。（infrm）
The reasn why I was late was that they had nt infrmed me f the time f the meeting.
13：重要的不是你說了什么，而是你做了什么。（matter）
It’s nt what yu said but what yu did that matters.
14：據(jù)報(bào)道，這種野生植物含有豐富的維生素。(It…)
It is reprted that this wild plant is rich in/cntains/has a lt f vitamins.
15：我從未想到這種事竟然會(huì)發(fā)生在他的身上。（ccur）
It never ccurred t me that such a thing shuld happen t him.
16：汽車、無線電、電影、速凍食品、電冰箱，這些東西在過去的30年中得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用，這簡(jiǎn)直令人難以置信。（It…）
It is hard t believe that autmbiles, radis, mtin pictures, frzen fds and electric refrigeratr have cme int cmmn use within thirty years.
17：學(xué)校定了一條規(guī)則，開始上課時(shí)學(xué)生要起立。（it）
The schl made it a rule that the students shuld stand up when class begins.
句子的邏輯關(guān)系：漢語里兩個(gè)句子可能存在潛在的修飾，結(jié)果，目的，因果，并列，轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)等邏輯關(guān)系，翻譯時(shí)，要注意結(jié)構(gòu)邏輯關(guān)系，使句子更連貫。
18：我為這些話所深深感動(dòng)，后來我就把它們寫在圣誕賀卡上。（impress）
I was s impressed by these wrds that I used them later fr a Christmas card.
19：上海是座美麗城市，他決定再呆兩天。（decide）
Shanghai was a beautiful city, s he decided t stay fr anther tw days.
20：這款手機(jī)式樣新穎、攜帶方便，深受年輕人的歡迎。(ppular)
The mbile phne is fashinable/mdern in style and cnvenient t carry , s it is very ppular with yung peple.
/ 我不需要買新車，我的那輛舊車還很好。(cnditin)
I dn’t need t/needn’t buy a new car as my ld ne is still in gd cnditin.
6.長(zhǎng)句的翻譯：高考翻譯最后一句屬于長(zhǎng)句翻譯，翻譯時(shí)，要“先主干，再細(xì)節(jié)”。理清句子的成分，先確定框架，再添磚加瓦。
21：絕大多數(shù)的醫(yī)療專家持有相同的看法，即防止該疾病傳播最有效的方法是用肥皂和水洗手。（prevent）
Mst medical experts share the same pinin that the mst effective way t prevent the spread f the disease /prevent the disease frm spreading is (fr peple) t wash (their) hands with sap and water.
22：為追求時(shí)尚而付出高昂代價(jià)的人應(yīng)該盡早改變這種生活方式。（thse）
Thse wh fllw fashin at the great cst shuld change their lifestyle as sn as pssible.
23：出國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)會(huì)使學(xué)生受益匪淺，但是他們也有可能會(huì)面臨一系列前所未有的挑戰(zhàn)。（likely）
Studying abrad/ Ging abrad fr further studies benefits/ (will/ may) benefit students a lt, but they are likely t face/be faced with a series f challenges which are greater than ever (befre).
24：一項(xiàng)新披露的調(diào)查表明網(wǎng)絡(luò)最吸引人之處在于它能讓網(wǎng)民及時(shí)了解世界大事。(infrm)
A newly-released/ newly-reveled survey shws/ suggests/ indicates that the biggest attractin f the Internet is that it keeps/ makes netizens wh surf the Internet infrmed f the wrld events.
課后反饋
演練
（六）
（2024年嘉定區(qū)二模）
72. 短暫接觸輻射一般對(duì)人體無害。(expsure)(漢譯英)
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【答案】Brief expsure t radiatin usually des n harm t ne’s health/bdy.
【解析】
【詳解】考查短語和時(shí)態(tài)。表示“短暫接觸輻射”短語為brief expsure t radiatin；表示“一般”應(yīng)用副詞usually；表示“對(duì)……無害”短語為d n harm t；表示“人體”應(yīng)用ne’s health/bdy。為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故翻譯為Brief expsure t radiatin usually des n harm t ne’s health/bdy
73. 我剛才一不小心點(diǎn)了“提交申請(qǐng)”，還有可能撤回嗎？(there be)(漢譯英)
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【答案】I have just clicked (n) “Submit Applicatin” by mistake/accident, s is there any pssibility f withdrawing it?
【解析】
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)、固定短語、there be句型的一般疑問句式。表示“點(diǎn)擊”含義的表達(dá)為：click (n)，因句子表示的是過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，謂語動(dòng)詞使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；表示“剛剛”含義的表達(dá)為：just；表示“提交申請(qǐng)”含義的表達(dá)為：Submit Applicatin；表示“不小心”含義的表達(dá)為：by mistake或by accident；表示“還有可能撤回嗎？”含義的表達(dá)為：is there any pssibility f withdrawing it?，該句為一般疑問句，因句子表達(dá)的是一個(gè)客觀情況，謂語動(dòng)詞使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，用s連接，故翻譯為：I have just clicked (n) “Submit Applicatin” by mistake/accident, s is there any pssibility f withdrawing it?
74. 收到居民意見后的第一時(shí)間，委員們就著手制定合理的改進(jìn)計(jì)劃。(hardly)(漢譯英)
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【答案】Members f the cmmittee had hardly received the pinins/suggestins frm the residents when they set abut making reasnable imprvement plans.
【解析】
【詳解】考查短語和時(shí)態(tài)。表示“委員們”應(yīng)用members f the cmmittee，作主語；表示“一……就……”句型為hardly…when…；表示“收到”應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞receive，為過去完成時(shí)；表示“居民意見”應(yīng)用the pinins/suggestins frm the residents；從句主語為they；表示“著手”短語為set abut；表示“制定合理的改進(jìn)計(jì)劃”用動(dòng)名詞短語making reasnable imprvement plans。故翻譯為Members f the cmmittee had hardly received the pinins/suggestins frm the residents when they set abut making reasnable imprvement plans.
75. 老一輩藝術(shù)家們紛紛呼吁傳統(tǒng)戲曲要博采眾長(zhǎng)，使之惠及更多年輕觀眾。(accessible)(漢譯英)
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【答案】The seasned/senir/elder(ly) artists / The lder generatin f artists appealed t / called n the traditinal peras t integrate/adpt/absrb strengths frm ther art frms / learn widely frm thers’ strng pints, s that they becme mre accessible t a wider/larger yung audience / making them mre accessible t a wider audience f yung peple.
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞、非謂語和時(shí)態(tài)?！袄弦惠吽囆g(shù)家們”可以翻譯為“the seasned/senir/elder(ly) artists ”，或者“ the lder generatin f artists”，該名詞短語在句中作主語?！昂粲酢毙枰脛?dòng)詞短語“appeal t/call n”，在句中作謂語。“呼吁……做某事”可以用短語“appeal t/call n…t d”本句話為陳述過去的事實(shí)，所以用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)?！皞鹘y(tǒng)戲曲”可以翻譯為“the traditinal peras”，“博采眾長(zhǎng)”可以翻譯為“integrate/adpt/absrb strengths frm ther art frms”，或者“l(fā)earn widely frm thers’ strng pints”。s that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，從句主語用代詞they，指代前文中的“the traditinal peras”，句子可使用主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，系動(dòng)詞用“becme”，意為“變得”，表語使用形容詞accessible“可接近的，易接近的”。此處指?jìng)鹘y(tǒng)戲曲博采眾長(zhǎng)后，變得更加容易接近年輕觀眾了，所以該形容詞用比較級(jí)。becme mre accessible t…“變得更容易接近”?！案嗄贻p觀眾”可以翻譯為“a wider/larger yung audience”；“使之惠及更多年輕觀眾”也可以翻譯為“make them mre accessible t a wider audience f yung peple”，結(jié)果狀語從句也可變成現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語的結(jié)構(gòu)。故翻譯為The seasned/senir/elder(ly) artists / The lder generatin f artists appealed t / called n the traditinal peras t integrate/adpt/absrb strengths frm ther art frms / learn widely frm thers’ strng pints, s that they becme mre accessible t a wider/larger yung audience / making them mre accessible t a wider audience f yung peple.
（七）
（2024年金山區(qū)二模）
72. 中國(guó)文化產(chǎn)業(yè)充當(dāng)著文化交流的橋梁。(act) (漢譯英)
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【答案】The Chinese cultural industry / China’s cultural industry acts as a bridge fr cultural exchanges.
【解析】
【詳解】考查短語和動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。主語“中國(guó)文化產(chǎn)業(yè)”用The Chinese cultural industry / China’s cultural industry，主語為單數(shù)，句子描述客觀事實(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式；表示“充當(dāng)著”用act as，表示“文化交流的橋梁”用a bridge fr cultural exchanges。故翻譯為The Chinese cultural industry / China’s cultural industry acts as a bridge fr cultural exchanges.
73. 滑雪的魅力在于追求速度，突破極限。(charm) (漢譯英)
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【答案】The charm f skiing lies in pursuing speed and pushing ne’s limits (pushing beynd limits).
【解析】
【詳解】考查短語和時(shí)態(tài)。表示“滑雪的魅力”短語為the charm f skiing；表示“在于”短語為lie in；表示“追求”應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞pursue；后跟名詞speed，作賓語；表示“突破極限”應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞短語pushing ne’s limits或pushing beynd limits。為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故翻譯為The charm f skiing lies in pursuing speed and pushing ne’s limits (pushing beynd limits).
74. 消費(fèi)復(fù)蘇的初步跡象對(duì)資本市場(chǎng)有積極的影響。(initial) (漢譯英)
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【答案】The initial signs f recvery in cnsumptin has a psitive effect n the capital market.
【解析】
【詳解】考查短語和時(shí)態(tài)。表示“消費(fèi)復(fù)蘇的初步跡象”應(yīng)用the initial signs f recvery in cnsumptin；表示“對(duì)……有積極影響”短語為have a psitive effect n；表示“資本市場(chǎng)”短語為the capital market。句子陳述目前事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故翻譯為The initial signs f recvery in cnsumptin has a psitive effect n the capital market.
75. 值得一提的是，這個(gè)城市的權(quán)力部門迅速而有效地解決游客的投訴，這被認(rèn)為是成功的危機(jī)管理。(address) (漢譯英)
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【答案】It is wrth mentining that the city authrities quickly and effectively addressed turists’ cmplaints, which is regarded/cnsidered/seen as successful crisis management.
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞?！爸档靡惶岬氖恰笨梢杂镁湫汀癐t is wrth mentining that…”，It為形式主語，that從句為真正的主語?！斑@個(gè)城市的權(quán)利部門”可以翻譯為“the city authrities”，該名詞短語在句中作that從句中的主語?！敖鉀Q”用動(dòng)詞“address”，該動(dòng)詞在從句中作謂語動(dòng)詞。that從句描述過去的事實(shí)，所以用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)?！把杆俣行У亍笨梢苑g為“quickly and effectively”，兩個(gè)并列副詞修飾謂語動(dòng)詞。“游客的投訴”可以翻譯為“turists’ cmplaints”，該名詞短語作address的賓語。后面接which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句，修飾“the city authrities quickly and effectively addressed turists’ cmplaints”整個(gè)句子?！氨徽J(rèn)為是……”可用動(dòng)詞短語“be regarded/cnsidered/seen as…”，該短語在定語從句中作謂語動(dòng)詞。該從句中是對(duì)一般事實(shí)的描述，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。which指代整個(gè)句子，在從句中做主語，所以be動(dòng)詞用is?！俺晒Φ奈C(jī)管理”可以翻譯為“successful crisis management”。故翻譯為It is wrth mentining that the city authrities quickly and effectively addressed turists’ cmplaints, which is regarded/cnsidered/seen as successful crisis management.
（八）
（2024年靜安區(qū)二模）
52. 他在升旗儀式上的演講得到了高聲喝彩。(greet) (漢譯英)
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【答案】His speech at the flag-raising ceremny was greeted with/by lud cheers/applause.
【解析】
【詳解】考查固定短語和時(shí)態(tài)。主語為his speech；表示“在升旗儀式上”短語為at the flag-raising ceremny；表示“受到……”短語為be greeted with/by；表示“高聲喝彩”可知短語為lud cheers/applause。為一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故翻譯為His speech at the flag-raising ceremny was greeted with/by lud cheers/applause.
53. 盡管現(xiàn)代娛樂方式五花八門，我還是深深著迷于中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)的茶文化。(althugh) (漢譯英)
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【答案】Althugh there are varius mdern entertainment ptins, I am still deeply fascinated by traditinal Chinese tea culture.
【解析】
【詳解】考查讓步狀語從句和時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)漢語提示可知，本句為althugh引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，主從句都為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。娛樂方式五花八門翻譯為“varius mdern entertainment ptins”，作主語，句子為there be 句型。深深著迷于為be deeply fascinated by，中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)的茶文化為traditinal Chinese tea culture。結(jié)合主謂一致，故翻譯為：Althugh there are varius mdern entertainment ptins, I am still deeply fascinated by traditinal Chinese tea culture.
54. 這個(gè)人口眾多，幅員遼闊，物資豐富的國(guó)家給我留下了深刻的印象。(impressin) (漢譯英)
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【答案】This cuntry, with its large ppulatin, vast territry, and abundant/rich resurces, has left a deep impressin n me. /This densely ppulated, vast, and resurce-rich cuntry left a deep impressin n me.
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)，形容詞和名詞。表示“這個(gè)國(guó)家”用this cuntry，修飾cuntry用“人口眾多，幅員遼闊，物資豐富的”可以用形容詞短語densely ppulated（人口密集的，densely副詞修飾ppulated）, vast（廣闊的）, and resurce-rich（且物資豐富的）修飾，也可以用with短語后置，譯為：with its large ppulatin（有大的人口數(shù)）, vast territry（廣袤的土地）, and abundant/rich resurces（和豐富的資源），作定語；表示“給我留下深刻的印象”用leave a deep impressin n me，句子描述過去的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生影響，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，也可以描述過去的事情，用一般過去時(shí)。故翻譯為This cuntry, with its large ppulatin, vast territry, and abundant/rich resurces, has left a deep impressin n me. /This densely ppulated, vast, and resurce-rich cuntry left a deep impressin n me.
55. 這款高科技智能機(jī)器人可以自主學(xué)習(xí)，智能識(shí)別并適應(yīng)不同環(huán)境，確保高效、準(zhǔn)確地完成各項(xiàng)任務(wù)。(ensure) (漢譯英)
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【答案】This high-tech intelligent rbt can self-learn/autnmusly learn, intelligently recgnize, and adapt t different envirnments, ensuring efficient and accurate cmpletin f varius tasks.
【解析】
【詳解】考查名詞、形容詞、動(dòng)詞（短語）、副詞、非謂語動(dòng)詞以及時(shí)態(tài)。此句介紹目前機(jī)器人的功能，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；主語“這款高科技智能機(jī)器人”可用名詞短語this high-tech intelligent rbt；“可以”應(yīng)用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can；“自主學(xué)習(xí)”可用動(dòng)詞self-learn，或副詞autnmusly和動(dòng)詞learn搭配；“智能識(shí)別”可用副詞intelligently和動(dòng)詞recgnize搭配，“適應(yīng)”可用動(dòng)詞短語adapt t，“不同環(huán)境”可用名詞短語different envirnments；“確保高效、準(zhǔn)確地完成各項(xiàng)任務(wù)”可看作是隨著前面謂語行為自然產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果，用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語，“確?！笨捎脛?dòng)詞ensure，“高效、準(zhǔn)確地完成各項(xiàng)任務(wù)”可理解為“各項(xiàng)任務(wù)的高效、準(zhǔn)確的完成”，可用名詞短語efficient and accurate cmpletin f varius tasks。故可譯為：This high-tech intelligent rbt can self-learn/autnmusly learn, intelligently recgnize, and adapt t different envirnments, ensuring efficient and accurate cmpletin f varius tasks.
（九）
（2024年浦東新區(qū)二模）
52. 瑪麗把不需要的物品收拾起來，為上課作準(zhǔn)備。(put) (漢譯英)
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【答案】Mary put away the unnecessary items (s as) t get ready fr class.
【解析】
【詳解】考查一般過去時(shí)，形容詞，動(dòng)詞不定式，固定短語?！艾旣悺睘镸ary，put away意為“收起，放好”為固定短語，“不必要的”為unnecessary，item意為“物品”為可數(shù)名詞，此處應(yīng)使用復(fù)數(shù)，且特指不必要的物品，所以需要加上定冠詞the；所以前半句為Mary put away the unnecessary items。表示“為了做某事”用s as t d sth.或者t d sth.；“為……做準(zhǔn)備”為get ready fr sth.，所以后半句為(s as) t get ready fr class。故答案為Mary put away the unnecessary items (s as) t get ready fr class.
53. 他考試的時(shí)候太緊張了，完全想不起這個(gè)單詞。(escape) (漢譯英)
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【答案】He was s nervus in/ during the exam that the wrd escaped him cmpletely.
【解析】
【詳解】考查一般過去時(shí)，形容詞，結(jié)果狀語從句，介詞，副詞。根據(jù)漢語提示可知，此處“由于考試太緊張，以至于他完全想不起這個(gè)單詞”，所以需要使用結(jié)果狀語從句，s+adj.+that從句。表示“緊張的”用nervus，“在考試中”用during/in the exam；“完全想不起這個(gè)單詞”意味著這個(gè)單詞“逃離了他”?！皢卧~”為wrd；“escape”意為逃脫，逃離；“完全地”為cmpletely；此處描述的是過去的事情，所以用一般過去時(shí)。故答案為He was s nervus in/ during the exam that the wrd escaped him cmpletely.
54. 由于大量接觸到當(dāng)?shù)厝说恼Z言，約翰不知不覺就學(xué)會(huì)了當(dāng)?shù)乜谝簟?befre) (漢譯英)
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【答案】Thrugh heavy expsure t/ Expsed a lt t lcal peple’s speech/ language, Jhn acquired/picked up their accent befre he realized it.
【解析】
【詳解】考查介詞短語、動(dòng)詞短語、名詞、時(shí)間狀語從句和時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意以及句子的提示詞可知，表示“由于大量接觸到當(dāng)?shù)厝说恼Z言”應(yīng)為介詞短語Thrugh heavy expsure/Expsed a lt t lcal peple’s speech；表示“學(xué)會(huì)，習(xí)得”應(yīng)為動(dòng)詞短語pick up；表示“他們的口音”為名詞短語their accent；后接連詞befre引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，表示“意識(shí)到”為動(dòng)詞realize；結(jié)合句意可知，該句應(yīng)為陳述過去發(fā)生的事情，所以為一般過去時(shí)。故翻譯為：Thrugh heavy expsure t/ Expsed a lt t lcal peple’s speech/ language, Jhn acquired/picked up their accent befre he realized it.
55. 當(dāng)我們?cè)诨ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)上發(fā)布信息時(shí)，必須考慮潛在的后果，因?yàn)槟承┘?xì)節(jié)可能會(huì)被媒體誤解或夸大。(likely) (漢譯英)
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【答案】When we pst infrmatin n the Internet, it’s essential t cnsider its ptential cnsequences, as certain details are likely t be misinterpreted r verstated by the media.
【解析】
【詳解】考查狀語從句、固定句型和時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句中的“當(dāng)……時(shí)”可知，這里應(yīng)用when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，根據(jù)句中的“因?yàn)椤笨芍?，這里應(yīng)用as引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句?！霸诨ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)上”可表示為n the Internet；“發(fā)布信息”可表示為pst infrmatin；“必須……”可用固定句型it’s essential t d...表示；“考慮”可表示為cnsider；“潛在的”可表示為ptential；“后果”可表示為cnsequences；“某些細(xì)節(jié)”可表示為certain details；“可能……”可用固定句型be likely t d...表示，主語為certain details，謂語應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式；“媒體”可表示為the media；“誤解”可表示為misinterpret；“夸大”可表示為verstate。根據(jù)句意可知，這里陳述的是一般情況，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故本句可翻譯為：When we pst infrmatin n the Internet, it’s essential t cnsider its ptential cnsequences, as certain details are likely t be misinterpreted r verstated by the media.
（十）
（2024年普陀區(qū)二模）
72. 這個(gè)攝影師堅(jiān)持每天用一張照片記錄生活。(dcument) （漢譯英）
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【答案】The phtgrapher insists n dcumenting his life with a pht every day.
【解析】
【詳解】考查短語和時(shí)態(tài)?！斑@個(gè)攝影師”翻譯為the phtgrapher，在句中作主語；“堅(jiān)持做某事”用短語 insist n ding sth.；“記錄生活”翻譯為dcument his life；“每天用一張照片”翻譯為with a pht。根據(jù)句中時(shí)間狀語every day可知，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。主語是the phtgrapher，謂語動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)單數(shù)形式。故翻譯為The phtgrapher insists n dcumenting his life with a pht every day.
73. 上海是一座迷人的城市，因此市民和游客昵稱上海為“魔都”。(nickname) （漢譯英）
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【答案】Shanghai is a charming city s citizens and turists nickname Shanghai as “Mdu”.
【解析】
【詳解】考查短語和時(shí)態(tài)。此處為s連接的并列句，第一句主語為Shanghai；表示“是一座迷人的城市”用be a charming city；表示“市民和游客”應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)名詞citizens and turists，作主語；表示“昵稱上海為“魔都””翻譯為nickname Shanghai as “Mdu”。描述客觀事實(shí)，為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故翻譯為Shanghai is a charming city, s citizens and turists nickname Shanghai as “Mdu”.
74. 人們常常抱怨飛機(jī)餐難吃，主要是因?yàn)樵陲w機(jī)上人們的味覺和嗅覺都會(huì)暫時(shí)失靈。(cmplain) （漢譯英）
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【答案】Peple ften cmplain abut airline fd, mainly because peple’s sense f taste and smell will be temprarily lst n the plane.
【解析】
【詳解】考查短語、時(shí)態(tài)和原因狀語從句?！叭藗儭狈g為peple，在句中作主語；“常?！庇酶痹~ften，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；“抱怨”用短語cmplain abut；“飛機(jī)餐”翻譯為airline fd；“主要是”用副詞mainly；“因?yàn)椤庇眠B詞because，引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句；從句陳述將要發(fā)生的事情，用一般將來時(shí)；“人們的味覺和嗅覺”翻譯為 peple’s sense f taste and smell，在從句中作主語；“都會(huì)暫時(shí)失靈”翻譯為be temprarily lst；“在飛機(jī)上”翻譯為n the plane。故翻譯為Peple ften cmplain abut airline fd, mainly because peple’s sense f taste and smell will be temprarily lst n the plane.
75. 這部電影充滿正能量，它用一個(gè)女孩的成長(zhǎng)經(jīng)歷激勵(lì)人們?cè)谌松缆飞喜粩嗵魬?zhàn)自我，努力成為更好的自己。（which）（漢譯英）
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【答案】This film is full f psitive energy, which uses a girl’s experience f grwing up t inspire peple t challenge themselves in life and try t be a better versin f themselves.
【解析】
【詳解】考查短語、非謂語、時(shí)態(tài)和定語從句。陳述客觀事實(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)?！斑@部電影”翻譯為this film，在句中作主語；“充滿”用短語be full f；“正能量”翻譯為 psitive energy；陳述前面的一件事，用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句；“用一個(gè)女孩的成長(zhǎng)經(jīng)歷”翻譯為 use a girl’s experience f grwing up，后接不定式作目的狀語；“激勵(lì)某人做某事”用短語inspire sb. t d sth.；“挑戰(zhàn)自我”用短語challenge neselve；“人生道路上”翻譯為in life；“努力做某事”用短語try t d sth.；“成為更好的自己”翻譯為be a better versin f themselves。故翻譯為This film is full f psitive energy, which uses a girl’s experience f grwing up t inspire peple t challenge themselves in life and try t be a better versin f themselves.

市西中學(xué)高三年級(jí)2024學(xué)年第一學(xué)期期中考試
52. 王老師知識(shí)面廣博, 被他的學(xué)生稱為“活字典”。(refer)
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【答案】Mr. Wang has a wide range f knwledge and is referred t as a “walking dictinary” by his students.
【解析】
【詳解】考查短語和時(shí)態(tài)。陳述客觀事實(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；“王老師”翻譯為Mr. Wang；“知識(shí)面廣博”用短語a wide range f knwledge；“被……稱為”用短語be referred t as；“活字典”翻譯為walking dictinary；“被他的學(xué)生”翻譯為by his students。故翻譯為Mr. Wang has a wide range f knwledge and is referred t as a “walking dictinary” by his students.
53. 這本小冊(cè)子使我相信價(jià)格中包含送貨費(fèi), 但事實(shí)并非如此。(lead)
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【答案】This bklet led me t believe that the delivery fee was included in the price, but it wasn’t the case.
【解析】
【詳解】考查短語、時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和賓語從句。陳述過去事情，用一般過去時(shí)?！斑@本小冊(cè)子”翻譯為This bklet；“使某人做某事”用短語lead sb. t d sth.；“相信”用動(dòng)詞believe，后接賓語從句。從句不缺少成分，且句意完整，所以用連接代詞that引導(dǎo)?！八拓涃M(fèi)”翻譯為 the delivery fee，在從句中作主語；“包含”用動(dòng)詞include，與從句主語之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用被動(dòng)語態(tài)；“價(jià)格中”翻譯為 in the price；“但事實(shí)并非如此”翻譯為 but it wasn’t the case。故翻譯為This bklet led me t believe that the delivery fee was included in the price, but it wasn’t the case.
54. 許多體重正常的人, 無論男女, 都對(duì)時(shí)尚雜志中那些超瘦的模特兒無法產(chǎn)生認(rèn)同感。(identify)
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【答案】Many peple with nrmal weight, bth men and wmen, can’t identify with the extremely skinny mdels in fashin magazines.
【解析】
【詳解】考查短語和時(shí)態(tài)。陳述客觀事實(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)?！霸S多體重正常的人”翻譯為many peple with nrmal weight；“無論男女”翻譯為bth men and wmen；“認(rèn)同”用短語 identify with；“超瘦的模特兒”翻譯為extremely skinny mdel；“時(shí)尚雜志”翻譯為 fashin magazine。故翻譯為Many peple with nrmal weight, bth men and wmen, can’t identify with the extremely skinny mdels in fashin magazines.
55. 只有極少數(shù)物種在這場(chǎng)嚴(yán)重的森林大火中幸存, 這對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)氐纳鷳B(tài)乃至社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展將產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)的影響。（which）
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【答案】Only a very few species have survived the serius frest fire, which will have a prfund impact n the lcal eclgy and even the scial and ecnmic develpment.
【解析】
【詳解】考查短語、時(shí)態(tài)和定語從句?！爸挥小庇酶痹~nly，“極少數(shù)物種”翻譯為a very few species；“幸存”用動(dòng)詞survive；“在這場(chǎng)嚴(yán)重的森林大火中”翻譯為the serius frest fire；“這”指代前文“只有極少數(shù)物種在這場(chǎng)嚴(yán)重的森林大火中幸存”，用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句；“對(duì)……產(chǎn)生影響”用短語have an impact n；“深遠(yuǎn)的”用形容詞 prfund；“當(dāng)?shù)氐纳鷳B(tài)”翻譯為 lcal eclgy；“社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展”翻譯為scial and ecnmic develpment。根據(jù)句意，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，從句用一般將來時(shí)。故翻譯為：Only a very few species have survived the serius frest fire, which will have a prfund impact n the lcal eclgy and even the scial and ecnmic develpment.
華東師大二附中2024學(xué)年第一學(xué)期10月英語試卷
52. 自發(fā)行以來，這款游戲席卷了游戲界，三天內(nèi)在所有平臺(tái)上售出了超過1000萬份。(release) （漢譯英）
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【答案】Since its release this game has swept the gaming industry, selling mre than 10 millin cpies n all platfrms within three days.
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)與固定表達(dá)。表示“自發(fā)行以來”用since its release，其為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)時(shí)間標(biāo)志；“席卷了游戲界”用短語sweep the gaming industry；表示“三天內(nèi)”用within three days；表示“售出了超過1000萬份給……”用sell mre than 10 millin cpies，此處使用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語；表示“所有的平臺(tái)”用all platfrms。故翻譯Since its release, this game has swept the gaming industry, selling mre than 10 millin cpies n all platfrms within three days.
53. 為了讓打斗場(chǎng)面在技術(shù)和藝術(shù)上更具吸引力，制作團(tuán)隊(duì)融合了中國(guó)武術(shù)和傳統(tǒng)戲曲的多種元素.（integrate）（漢譯英）
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【答案】The prductin team integrated varius elements f Chinese martial arts and traditinal pera t make the fight scenes mre appealing bth technically and artistically.
【解析】
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、形容詞、非謂語動(dòng)詞、名詞。表示“制作團(tuán)隊(duì)”用the prductin team，作主語，句首單詞首字母大寫。表示“融合”用integrate，本句描述過去的動(dòng)作，故時(shí)態(tài)用一般過去時(shí)，謂語用過去式。表示“多種的”用形容詞varius，作前置定語，修飾名詞“元素”。表示“元素”用element，用復(fù)數(shù)形式，作integrated的賓語。表示“中國(guó)武術(shù)”用Chinese martial arts，表示“傳統(tǒng)戲曲”用traditinal pera。表示“中國(guó)武術(shù)和傳統(tǒng)戲曲的多種元素”用varius elements f Chinese martial arts and traditinal pera。表示“使得，讓”用make，用不定式，作目的狀語。表示“打斗場(chǎng)面”用fight scene，用復(fù)數(shù)形式，作make的賓語。表示“更具吸引力”用mre appealing，作賓補(bǔ)。表示“在技術(shù)和藝術(shù)上”用bth technically and artistically，作狀語。故答案為：The prductin team integrated varius elements f Chinese martial arts and traditinal pera t make the fight scenes mre appealing bth technically and artistically.
54. 作為中國(guó)第一款高成本、高質(zhì)量的國(guó)產(chǎn)游戲，它根據(jù)玩家在游戲中發(fā)現(xiàn)的任何可選任務(wù)或隱藏的秘密，提供了多重結(jié)局.（whatever）（漢譯英）
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【答案】As China's first high-cst and high-quality dmestic game, it ffers multiple endings accrding t whatever ptinal tasks r hidden secrets players find in the game.
【解析】
【詳解】考查固定短語、定語從句和時(shí)態(tài)。因句子表示的是一個(gè)客觀情況，謂語動(dòng)詞使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)?！白鳛椤笨杀磉_(dá)為 as；“中國(guó)第一款高成本、高質(zhì)量的國(guó)產(chǎn)游戲”可翻譯為China's first high-cst and high-quality dmestic game；“提供”可用ffer；“多重結(jié)局”為multiple endings；“根據(jù)”可表達(dá)為accrding t；“玩家在游戲中發(fā)現(xiàn)的任何可選任務(wù)或隱藏的秘密”可翻譯為whatever ptinal tasks r hidden secrets players find in the game，其中players find in the game為省略關(guān)系代詞that的定語從句，修飾先行詞secrets。故整句話翻譯為As China's first high-cst and high-quality dmestic game, it ffers multiple endings accrding t whatever ptinal tasks r hidden secrets players find in the game.
55. 通過尖端的動(dòng)作捕捉技術(shù)，可以從各個(gè)角度記錄穿著有反射點(diǎn)的定制服裝的專業(yè)演員的動(dòng)作，并將其處理成虛擬數(shù)據(jù)，最終呈現(xiàn)在游戲角色上。（with）（漢譯英）
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【答案】With advanced mtin capture technlgy recrding the mvements f prfessinal actrs wearing custm cstumes with reflective markers frm varius angles, the data can be prcessed int virtual frm and ultimately presented in vide game characters.
【解析】
【詳解】考查with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)、動(dòng)詞語態(tài)、非謂語動(dòng)詞。表示“采用先進(jìn)的動(dòng)作捕捉技術(shù)，從不同角度記錄穿著定制服裝的專業(yè)演員的動(dòng)作，并帶有反光標(biāo)記”用with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，with位于句首，首字母大寫；表示“先進(jìn)的”用形容詞advanced，作前置定語，修飾“動(dòng)作捕捉技術(shù)”；表示“動(dòng)作捕捉技術(shù)”用mtin capture technlgy，作With的賓語；表示“記錄”用recrd，用現(xiàn)在分詞，作賓補(bǔ)；表示“職業(yè)演員的動(dòng)作”用the mvements f prfessinal actrs，作recrding的賓語；表示“穿著”用wear，用現(xiàn)在分詞，作后置定語；表示“帶有反光標(biāo)記的定制服裝”用custm cstumes with reflective markers，作wearing的賓語；表示“從各個(gè)角度”用frm varius angles。表示“數(shù)據(jù)”用data，作主語，此處為特指，data前加the；表示“處理成”用prcess... int...，與主語為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用can be prcessed int表示“可以被處理為”；表示“虛擬的形式”用virtual frm，作賓語；表示“呈現(xiàn)”用present，與主語為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過去分詞，與prcessed為并列關(guān)系，用連詞and連接；表示“最終”用ultimately，表示“在游戲角色上”用in vide game characters。故翻譯為：With advanced mtin capture technlgy recrding the mvements f prfessinal actrs wearing custm cstumes with reflective markers frm varius angles, the data can be prcessed int virtual frm and ultimately presented in vide game characters.
2024學(xué)年向明中學(xué)9月高三年學(xué)科檢測(cè)
52. 你越是關(guān)注負(fù)面情緒，就越難將注意力轉(zhuǎn)移到其他事情。(The mre…the mre )(漢譯英)
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【答案】The mre yu fcus n negative emtins, the mre difficult it is t shift yur attentin t ther things.
【解析】
【詳解】考查比較級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)、動(dòng)詞短語和時(shí)態(tài)。因句子表示的是一個(gè)客觀情況，謂語動(dòng)詞使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。表示“越…越…”應(yīng)用比較級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)The mre…the mre…；表示“關(guān)注”應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞短語fcus n；表示“負(fù)面情緒”應(yīng)用negative emtins；表示“將注意力轉(zhuǎn)移到其他事情”應(yīng)用shift yur attentin t ther things，其中shift表示“轉(zhuǎn)移”，t引導(dǎo)方向?！白瞿呈吕щy”用it is difficult t d。故翻譯為The mre yu fcus n negative emtins, the mre difficult it is t shift yur attentin t ther things.
53. 中秋節(jié)吃象征團(tuán)圓和和諧的月餅是由來已久的傳統(tǒng)。(It)(漢譯英)
____________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】It is a time-hnred traditin t eat mncakes at Mid-Autumn Festival whse symbl is reunin and harmny.
【解析】
【詳解】考查定語從句、固定短語和時(shí)態(tài)。因句子表示的是一個(gè)客觀情況，謂語動(dòng)詞使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；表示“在中秋節(jié)”含義的表達(dá)為：at Mid-Autumn Festival；表示“象征”含義的表達(dá)為：symbl；表示“團(tuán)圓和和諧”含義的表達(dá)為：reunin and harmny；表示“由來已久的傳統(tǒng)”應(yīng)使用短語time-hnred traditin；表示“吃月餅”應(yīng)使用動(dòng)詞不定式t eat mncakes，因?yàn)檫@里描述的是一個(gè)動(dòng)作，即在中秋節(jié)做的特定行為；“象征團(tuán)圓和和諧”在句中作為定語從句修飾mncakes，因引導(dǎo)詞在定語從句中作定語，使用關(guān)系代詞whse引導(dǎo)定語從句；“It d sth.”是固定句型，it 作形式主語，真正的主語是后面的不定式短語。故翻譯為It is a time-hnred traditin t eat mncakes at Mid-Autumn Festival whse symbl is reunin and harmny。
54. 出于安全起見，當(dāng)局堅(jiān)持要求游客在游覽觀光時(shí)不要偏離標(biāo)記的路徑。(sake)
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【答案】Fr the sake f safety, the authrities insist that turists shuld nt deviate frm the marked paths when sightseeing.
【解析】
【詳解】考查固定短語、賓語從句和時(shí)態(tài)。因句子表示的是一個(gè)客觀情況，謂語動(dòng)詞使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。表示“出于……起見”短語為fr the sake f；“當(dāng)局”可譯為the authrities；“堅(jiān)持要求”可用insist that，后面接賓語從句，用虛擬語氣，即(shuld) d；“偏離”可譯為deviate frm；“標(biāo)記的路徑”可譯為marked paths；“在游覽觀光時(shí)”可譯為 when sightseeing。故翻譯為Fr the sake f safety, the authrities insist that turists shuld nt deviate frm the marked paths when sightseeing.
55. 這個(gè)開創(chuàng)性的發(fā)現(xiàn)注定會(huì)消除科學(xué)界對(duì)我們的偏見，為進(jìn)一步提高燃料效能鋪就道路。 (bund)(漢譯英)
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【答案】This grundbreaking discvery is bund t dispel the biases in the scientific cmmunity and pave the way fr further imprvements in fuel efficiency.
【解析】
【詳解】考查形容詞、動(dòng)詞短語和時(shí)態(tài)。表示“開創(chuàng)性的”應(yīng)用形容詞grundbreaking；表示“注定會(huì)”應(yīng)用be bund t結(jié)構(gòu)，其中bund是形容詞，表示“一定會(huì)，注定會(huì)”，因句子表示的是一個(gè)客觀情況，謂語動(dòng)詞使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；表示“消除偏見”應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞短語dispel the biases；表示“鋪就道路”應(yīng)用固定短語pave the way fr；表示“進(jìn)一步提高燃料效能”應(yīng)用fr further imprvements in fuel efficiency。故翻譯為This grundbreaking discvery is bund t dispel the biases in the scientific cmmunity and pave the way fr further imprvements in fuel efficiency.
2022年1月春考
Directins:Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets
72他已經(jīng)幾十年沒見過如此壯觀的日出了。(since)
【參考答案】
It has been decades since he saw/witnessed such a spectacular sunrise.
He hasn't seen such a magnificent sunrise since decades ag.
Decades has passed since he last witnessed the impsing/glrius/splendid/ impressive/spectacular sunrise
考察句型：it has been+時(shí)間段+since…
73小張昨天在田里播下種子，期待來的豐收。(sw)
【參考答案】
Xia Zhang swed the seeds in the field yesterday, hping fr a gd harvest in the cming year.
Xia Zhang swed the seeds in the field yesterday in anticipatin f a gd harvest in the cming year.
Xia Zhang swed the seeds in the field yesterday, expecting a gd harvest next year
Xia Zhang swed the seeds in the field yesterday, lking frward t a gd harvest in the cming year.
Xia Zhang swed in the field yesterday, in(the) hpe f having a gd harvest fr the cming year.
考察不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞變化：sw-swed-swn(swed)
考察同一句中多個(gè)動(dòng)詞的非謂語用法。
74鑒于手機(jī)打車不熟悉的老人不在少數(shù)，這家公司提供了一系列服務(wù)來滿足他們的需求。(a few)
【參考答案】
Given that there are quite a few senirs wh are nt prficient in cell phne cabs, the cmpany ffers a range f services t meet their needs.
Cnsidering that there are quite a few elderly peple wh are unfamiliar with the usage f taxi-hailing apps, the cmpany has prvided a series f services t meet their needs.
Given(the fact)that/In cnsideratin f the fact that/In (the) light f the fact that/In view f the fact that/ Cnsidering(that) quite a few elderly peple/senir citizens are unfamiliar with/ are nt familiar with/are nt skilled in taking a taxi with mbile phne/using mbile phne t take a taxi, this cmpany ffers/prvides/presents/furnishes/affrds/supplies a series f/a range f/an aray f services t respnd t/cater t/meet/satisfy/serve/answer address their needs/demands.
考察句型：“鑒于…”cnsidering…; given that…;
考察短語：“不在少數(shù)”quite a few
75正是因?yàn)樨瀼亍邦櫩蜑楸尽钡睦砟?，那個(gè)落寂已久的社區(qū)商場(chǎng)才得以重回大眾視線。(It)
【參考答案】
It is because f/due t/wning t the custmer-riented cncept that this lng-lst cmmunity mall has been able t return t the public eye.
It was due t the implementatin f custmer-riented philsphy that the deserted/deslated cmmunity shpping mall was brught back t the public eye.
It was because f the implementatin f the custmer-riented/custmer-based custmer-first" principle
/philsphy that this lng-failing/almst-deserted/ dead-silent/lifeless cmmunity shpping mall returned t public's attentin/regained public's attentin/came back t the sight f the public.
考察句型:“正是因?yàn)椤钡膹?qiáng)調(diào)句表達(dá)；it is/was…that…
考察短語：“顧客為本”：custmer-riented；“落寞已久”：lng-neglected/deslated/deserted;“重回大眾視野”：regain public attentin/ back t the public eye.
2021年1月春考
Directins:Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets
72. 羽毛球館空無一人，為什么燈還亮著？(hw cme)
【答案及解析】
The badmintn curt/hall/gym/stadium is empty, but /and hw cme the light(s) is/are still n?
Or: Hw cme the light is still n when there is nbdy in the badmintn stadium.
Or:There's nbdy in the badmintn stadium. Hw cmes the light is still n?
此句中包含四字語“空無一人”, 這里需要注意hw cme和why的去區(qū)別，特別是在口語化的場(chǎng)景下大量使用hw cme代替why，但是注意兩者語序的差別，why后面是部分到狀語序，而why是陳述語序。
73. 我花了三天時(shí)間畫了一幅風(fēng)景畫，慶祝曾祖父的一百歲壽辰。(take)
【答案及解析】
It tk me three days t paint a landscape t celebrate my great-grandfather’s 100th birthday.
Or: It tk me three days t paint a landscape t cngratulate n my great grand 100th birthday.
Or: It takes me three days t draw a landscape t celebrate my great grandfather birthday.
此句中的“風(fēng)景畫”翻譯為landscape，在考綱詞匯中，是其第二個(gè)意思。take作為花費(fèi)的句型表達(dá)：It takes/tk sb sme time t d sth，用it形式主語，不定式作真正主語。此外"曾祖父"翻譯為 great grandfather。
74. 在太空遨游一周后，載人飛船安全著陸，那一刻，原本寂靜無聲的發(fā)射中心一片歡騰。(The instant)
【答案及解析】
The instant the manned spaceship landed safely after flying in space fr a week, the quiet launch centre explded with jyful cheers.
The instant the manned spacecraft landed safely after a week’s travel in the universe, the previusly silent launching center burst int great jy.
The instant the manned spacecraft landed safely after a week’s travel in space, the previusly silent launching center burst int great jy.
此句中有四字語“安全著路”翻譯為land safely?！耙黄瑲g騰”翻譯為burst int great jy由于提示詞有大寫字母，實(shí)際考查“一就“引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，用as sn as作為基本用法。as sn as...可譯為一……就……，用來表示主從句的動(dòng)作是緊接著發(fā)生的。
He will cme and see yu as sn as he can.
他一有空就來看你。
He rushed hme as sn as he gt the gd news.
他一得到這個(gè)好消息就奔回家。
同時(shí)這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)用四種變形：
（1）一……就……還可以用n/ upn ding 結(jié)構(gòu)來表示
On arriving hme he called up Lester.
= As sn as he arrived hme, he called up Lester.
（2）immediately/ instantly/ directly
相當(dāng)于as sn as，從句中用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)。
They phned her immediately they reached hme.
他一到家馬上就給她打了電話。
I recgnized her instantly I caught a glimpse f her.
我一看見她就把她認(rèn)出來了。
We came directly we gt yur telephne.
我們一接到你的電話就趕來了。
（3）the mment/ the minute/ the instant/ the secnd
這幾個(gè)名詞短語也可用作連詞，直接引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。
He said he'd turn n TV the mment he gt hme.
他說他一到家就打開電視機(jī)。
Tell him I need t see him the minute he arrives.
告訴他，他一到我就要見他。
The secnd the bell rang, the students rushed ut f the classrm.
鈴一響，學(xué)生就沖出了教室。
（4）hardly / scarcely…when; n sner…than
這兩個(gè)短語都表示剛……就……，可以互換，主句通常用去完成時(shí)。
He had n sner started ut than he felt hmesick.
他剛出發(fā)就想起家來。
He had hardly started his speech when smene rse t refute his pints.
他剛開始發(fā)言，就有人站起來反駁他的論點(diǎn)。
注意：
當(dāng)hardly, scarcely, n sner 位于句子的開頭時(shí)，主句須用倒裝語序。
Hardly had she fallen asleep when a knck at the dr wke her up.
她剛要睡著，忽然敲門聲把她吵醒。
N sner was the frst ff the grund than the wrk began.
地上的霜一消散, 人們就開始工作了。
75. 這條小溪蜿蜒流淌，陪伴著世代居住的村民，見證了這個(gè)村莊的日新月異。(cmpany)
【答案及解析】
The river that winds its way, in the cmpany f the villagers wh have lived there fr generatins, has witnessed the nging changes in the village.
The winding river has kept the villagers’ cmpany wh have lived here fr generatins and witnessed the rapid changes f the village.
The winding stream is in cmpany with the villagers all the time wh have lived here fr generatins, witnessing the rapid changes f the village.
注意此句中的四字語“蜿蜒流淌”winding。wind的作為名詞是風(fēng)的意思，作為動(dòng)詞就是“蜿蜒前進(jìn)”?！叭招略庐悺?rapid changes。此外就是提示詞cmpany是名詞，因?yàn)榭季V里給的就是名詞，我們首先想到的就是短語：keep sb’s cmpany（變形為keep cmpany f sb）或者in cmpany with。這里個(gè)別人用cmpany動(dòng)詞，不過其可以作為動(dòng)詞是詞典里面的用法，超出考綱范圍，更為重要的是同學(xué)們還學(xué)到動(dòng)詞accmpany表示陪伴，很少用到cmpany作為動(dòng)詞。這個(gè)作為名詞，表示“陪伴”屬于熟詞生義現(xiàn)象。
2020年1月春考
Directins:Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets
72.我們非常感激他們?yōu)楸Ｗo(hù)上海方言所付出的努力。(appreciate)
We really/deeply/truly appreciate their effrt t preserve the Shanghai dialect
We really/deeply/truly appreciate the effrt (that) they have made t preserve the Shanghai dialect.
We appreciate it deeply/a lt/very much that they have made their effrt t preserve the Shanghai dialect.
分析：
① 非常：放前面可以用really/deeply/truly，放在句式句可用deeply/a lt/very much
② 感謝：appreciate考綱主要給出了2種用法
a. 欣賞；賞識(shí)；重視 —— appreciate sb./sth.
appreciate freign literature 欣賞到外國(guó)文學(xué)原著
Her family desn't appreciate her. 她的家人不重視她。
b. 感激；感謝；歡迎【本句翻譯為此種用法，不可用We appreciate them fr their 】
appreciate sth.
appreciate her help 感激她的幫忙
appreciate ding sth.
I dn't appreciate being treated like a secnd-class citizen. 我不愿被人當(dāng)作二等公民。
appreciate (sb.) (ding) sth.
We wuld appreciate yu letting us knw f any prblems. 如有任何問題，請(qǐng)告訴我們。
③ 上海方言為專有名詞，前面必須加the，即：the Shanghai dialect
73. 正如這本小冊(cè)子介紹的那樣，這里的司機(jī)都有禮讓行人的習(xí)慣。(As)
As is intrduced in the bklet/brchure/leaflet, the drivers here share the habit f plitely giving way t/making way fr the pedestrians.
The drivers here have a gd habit f plitely waiting till the pedestrians g/crss (the street) first, as is intrduced in this bklet.
① 小冊(cè)子可以寫作：bklet/brchure/leaflet
② 正如小冊(cè)子介紹的那樣可寫作：As is intrduced in the brchure或As the brchure puts it【更為地道，主語人、物均可】
③ as引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句，也可放在開頭或結(jié)尾
④ 都有某種習(xí)慣建議用share the habit f ding sth.表達(dá)更為地道
74. 每周三，這些大學(xué)生都會(huì)雷打不動(dòng)地去孤兒院做志愿者，教孩子們剪紙和編織。(a rule)
These cllege students make it a rule t vlunteer in the rphanage every Wednesday, teaching/shwing/demnstrating/instructing the kids skills/crafts like paper-cutting and weaving/knitting.
Thse cllege students make it a rule t g t the rphanage t wrk as vlunteers every Wednesday, teaching/shwing/demnstrating/instructing the rphans t d paper cutting and knitting.
These cllege students make it a rule t g t the rphanage Every Wednesday as vlunteers t teach/shw/demnstrate/instruct the children hw t cut paper and knit.
75. 這首歌在今年藝術(shù)節(jié)上首發(fā)時(shí)，因其旋律歡快，風(fēng)格詼諧引起轟動(dòng)，但只是曇花一現(xiàn)。(when)
The sng became/was a hit/caused a sensatin fr its jyful/cheerful rhythm and witty style when (it was) first perfrmed at the Art Festival this year, but its ppularity didn’t last lng/but it is just like a flash in the pan.
When first perfrmed at the Art Festival this year, this sng caused a sensatin because f /due t/wing t/thanks t/fr its cheerful *meldy and cmic style, but it didn’t last lng/but it lasted nly (fr) a very shrt time/perid.

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