（24-25高三上·上海楊浦·期末）Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
Silent Bk Club
Tw dzen peple gathered in a czy café-bkstre in Minnesta, chatting and laughing with thse seated beside them. After ten minutes, the rm 1 (fall) quiet. Then peple pened their bks and began t read.
2 mst bk clubs, the Silent Bk Club’s Minneaplis chapter desn’t require members t read a specific bk. The setup is simple: Bring whatever bk yu happen 3 (read) currently. Quietly read that bk fr 45 minutes. Then share a bit abut the bk with thers.
The clubs attract intrverts, bkwrms and rebels wh resist the idea f spending precius reading time n a bk 4 else selected fr them. “I hated assigned reading in schl,” said Krtney Webster, 5 member f this club since it started in 2019, shaking her head. “Whenever I see the bks 6 (recmmend) n the reading list, I can’t help but turn away frm them.” Acrss the table frm her was Matt Streit, wh launched the Minneaplis chapter f 7 has becme a glbal phenmenn.
Streit had heard a radi stry abut the funder f the first silent bk club, with 8 cntact was immediately established. Inspired by the funder’s visin, Streit decided t initiate his wn chapter f the club. Frtunately, his club, thugh 9 (fund) nly a year ag, has nw ver 100 regulars. It has grwn rganically, attracting media attentin and generating buzz n scial media withut any paid advertising.
As Streit has emphasized, the club is fr everyne and nw it is rganized regularly 10 thse wh are shy can seek a balance f privacy and scializatin.
【答案】
1．fell 2．Unlike 3．t be reading 4．smene 5．a(chǎn) 6．recmmended 7．what 8．whm 9．funded 10．s that
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了無聲讀書俱樂部，包括其活動形式、吸引的人群、創(chuàng)立過程以及意義等。
1．考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：十分鐘后，房間安靜了下來。根據(jù)前后句可知，描述已發(fā)生的事，用一般過去時。故填fell。
2．考查介詞。句意：與大多數(shù)讀書俱樂部不同，無聲讀書俱樂部的明尼阿波利斯分會不要求會員讀某一本書。根據(jù)句意可知，此處應(yīng)用介詞表示“與……不同”，介詞unlike符合語境，位于句首，首字母應(yīng)大寫。故填Unlike。
3．考查非謂語動詞。句意：設(shè)置很簡單：帶上你正在讀的任何一本書。happen t d sth為固定搭配，意為“碰巧做某事”，根據(jù)句意，描述的是最近正在讀的書，不定式的進(jìn)行時。故填t be reading。
4．考查代詞。句意：這些俱樂部吸引了內(nèi)向者、書蟲和那些反對把寶貴的閱讀時間花在別人為他們挑選的書上的叛逆者。本句是省略which或者that的定語從句，從句缺少主語，應(yīng)填名詞或者代詞作主語，根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)是smene else意為“別的人”符合語境。故填smene。
5．考查冠詞。句意：“我討厭學(xué)校布置的閱讀，”科特尼·韋伯斯特?fù)u著頭說，她自2019年成立以來一直是這個俱樂部的成員。此處是固定搭配：a member f意為“……的一員”。故填a。
6．考查非謂語動詞。句意：“每當(dāng)我看到閱讀清單上推薦的書時，我都不由自主地避開了它們。”坐在她對面的是馬特·斯特雷特，他創(chuàng)立了已經(jīng)成為全球現(xiàn)象的明尼阿波利斯分會。本句已有謂語動詞see，所以recmmend用非謂語形式，和邏輯主語bks之間是被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞，表被動。故填recmmended。
7．考查賓語從句。句意：“每當(dāng)我看到閱讀清單上推薦的書時，我都不由自主地避開了它們。”坐在她對面的是馬特·斯特雷特，他創(chuàng)立了已經(jīng)成為全球現(xiàn)象的明尼阿波利斯分會?？仗幰龑?dǎo)賓語從句，從句缺少主語，指事物，用連接代詞what引導(dǎo)。故填what。
8．考查定語從句。句意：斯特雷特在廣播中聽到了第一個默讀俱樂部創(chuàng)始人的故事，并立即與他建立了聯(lián)系?？仗幨恰敖樵~+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，先行詞是the funder，在從句中作介詞賓語，指人，用賓格whm引導(dǎo)。故填whm。
9．考查非謂語動詞。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，他的俱樂部雖然成立才一年，但現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有100多名?？土恕１揪涫莟hugh引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，此處是省略句，完整句子為thugh his club was funded nly a year ag，當(dāng)從句主語和主句主語相同，且有be動詞時，從句主語和be動詞可省略。故填funded。
10．考查狀語從句。句意：正如斯特雷特所強(qiáng)調(diào)的，這個俱樂部是為每個人服務(wù)的，現(xiàn)在它定期組織活動，以便那些害羞的人可以在隱私和社交之間找到平衡?？仗幰龑?dǎo)狀語從句，根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)是s that意為“以便”引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。故填s that。
（24-25高三上·上海松江·期末）Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
Kung Fu — Always a Draw
Andrew Knde, a secnd-year student at Kenya’s Strathmre University, was inspired t start learning kung fu, r martial arts, as a child after watching mvies. But 1 began as an after-schl activity has becme a lifestyle fr the student, wh is nw the chairman f the university’s Titan Martial Arts club.
As a child, Knde was fascinated by the skills f martial arts heres like Jackie Chan. He 2 (accept) by Strathmre University in 2022 and his interest in kung fu received a bst upn jining the martial arts club. Thrugh hard wrk, he rse t becme the club’s chairman and has had the hnr f leading his team t wins at several martial arts champinships, including the 2022 All-Africa University Games, 3 they emerged as the secnd-best verall team.
“Kung fu prmtes better health, 4 (imprve) flexibility, and higher self-respect. These are essential qualities fr a happier, lnger life. That’s why I lve it,” Knde said.
Knde has als earned silver and brnze(銅) medals in lcal kung fu cmpetitins since he began practicing 5 . He sees 2023 as the highlight f his kung fu jurney, after 6 (declare) t be ne f Kenya’s tp cmpetitrs in the featherweight categry.
Kung fu 7 (riginate) in China and is a key part f its traditinal culture. It has nw grwn in ppularity in Kenya, particularly 8 schl-age children. They find it interesting 9 it keeps them in shape, and teaches them self-defense and self-cntrl.
Kevin Obny, an ecnmics lecturer and kung fu instructr at Strathmre University, said the grwing enthusiasm fr kung fu acrss Africa 10 be wed t the strengthening f China-Africa relatins slidified thrugh prjects like the Belt and Rad Initiative.
【答案】
1．what 2．was accepted 3．where 4．imprved 5．it 6．being declared 7．riginated/riginates 8．a(chǎn)mng/with 9．because/as/since 10．culd/might/shuld
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報道，主要講述了中國功夫在非洲日益受到歡迎。
1．考查主語從句。句意：但這項(xiàng)始于課后的活動已經(jīng)成為了這位學(xué)生的一種生活方式，他現(xiàn)在是該大學(xué)泰坦武術(shù)俱樂部的主席。 1 began as an after-schl activity在句中作主語，且這里指的是功夫，所以應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)主語從句，意為“什么，……的事物”。故填what。
2．考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：2022年，他被斯特拉斯莫爾大學(xué)錄取，加入武術(shù)俱樂部后，他對功夫的興趣得到了提升。根據(jù)時間狀語“in 2022”可知，這里表示過去發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)用一般過去時。主語He和accept之間是動賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)，且主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語用單數(shù)形式。故填was accepted。
3．考查定語從句。句意：通過努力，他升任俱樂部主席，并有幸?guī)ьI(lǐng)他的團(tuán)隊(duì)在幾次武術(shù)錦標(biāo)賽中獲勝，包括2022年全非洲大學(xué)生運(yùn)動會，在那里他們成為第二好的整體團(tuán)隊(duì)。空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，指代先行詞the 2022 All-Africa University Games，且在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，所以用where引導(dǎo)。故填where。
4．考查非謂語動詞。句意：功夫有助于促進(jìn)健康、提高靈活性和增強(qiáng)自尊。空處修飾flexibility，且二者之間是動賓關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞，作前置定語。故填imprved。
5．考查代詞。句意：自從Knde開始練習(xí)功夫以來，他還在當(dāng)?shù)氐墓Ψ虮荣愔蝎@得了銀牌和銅牌?？仗幹复鷎ung fu，作賓語，應(yīng)用it。故填it。
6．考查非謂語動詞。句意：在他被宣布為肯尼亞輕量級比賽的頂級選手之一后，他將2023年視為自己功夫之旅的高光部分。介詞after后跟動名詞形式。邏輯主語He和declare之間是動賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用動名詞的被動式。故填being declared。
7．考查時態(tài)。句意：功夫起源于中國，是中國傳統(tǒng)文化的重要組成部分。這里既可表示客觀事實(shí)，也可表示已發(fā)生的事情，所以可用一般現(xiàn)在時或一般過去時。用一般現(xiàn)在時的時候，主語為kung fu，謂語用單數(shù)形式。故填riginated/riginates。
8．考查介詞。句意：現(xiàn)在它在肯尼亞越來越受歡迎，特別是在學(xué)齡兒童中。grw in ppularity amng/with...意為“在……中間越來越受歡迎”，為固定搭配。故填amng/with。
9．考查狀語從句。句意：他們覺得這很有趣，因?yàn)樗茏屗麄儽３稚聿?，并教會他們自衛(wèi)和自我控制?？仗幰龑?dǎo)狀語從句，“it keeps them in shape, and teaches them self-defense and self-cntrl”在句中表示原因，應(yīng)用because/as/since引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。故填because/as/since。
10．考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：斯特拉斯莫爾大學(xué)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)講師兼功夫講師Kevin Obny表示，非洲各地對功夫的熱情日益高漲，這可以/可能/應(yīng)該歸功于通過“一帶一路”倡議等項(xiàng)目鞏固的中非關(guān)系的加強(qiáng)?？蘸笫莃e wed t...，所以空處應(yīng)用情態(tài)動詞。根據(jù)語境可知，中國功夫在非洲受歡迎這一現(xiàn)象可以/可能/應(yīng)該歸功于中非關(guān)系的加強(qiáng)，應(yīng)用culd(可以)/might(可能)/shuld(應(yīng)該)。故填culd/might/shuld。
（2024·上海寶山·一模）Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
In the heart f the city where twering buildings g up int the sky, firefighters spring int actin. Within 60 secnds f hearing a bell ring, they 1 (dress) and rushing tward the chas f a high-rise n fire. They have t head inside, knwing that flrs culd cllapse under them and ceilings culd fall n their heads. One wrng decisin 2 mean death.
Wh wuld sign up fr a jb like that? Ask firefighter Sam Telfer. He used t sit in a high-rise ffice f a sftware cmpany in San Dieg, Califrnia. Nw he is trained 3 (break) int rms full f blinding smke and terrible heat and cme up with a rescue strategy.
“I wanted t be n my feet 4 (much), wrking with my hands, learning new and practical skills and having a jb that varied day by day.” That’s quite an understatement t describe a career 5 requires yu t keep a cl head while attacking a fire. But Telfer says that flames and nerves can be cnquered in the same way: cntinuus physical and mental training.
Telfer was a runner in cllege, but nwadays he builds up his lung capacity fr life-threatening cnditins instead f races. He might climb hundreds f steps, wearing 34 kilgrams f gear (裝備), including xygen tanks. He may carry uncnscius victims t safety. N matter what he des, he must cntrl his breathing. Panic will nly waste his 6 (limit) air supply.
His survival 7 (depend) n mre than physical fitness. Firefighters must have extensive mental preparatin. Between disasters, they study a wide range f subjects such as emergency medicine, structural design and chemical reactins. They practice quickly 8 (assess) the changing cnditins f a fire. “It is 9 we lve the jb,” Telfer says. “We are cnstantly learning.”
Ging frm being a sftware specialist t a first respnder was quite a shift fr Telfer. Never culd he have imagined the challenges he wuld face. But he says, “Nt nce have I ever felt that it was nt the right jb fr me.” Danger might be waiting 10 he heads t wrk each day. But his bdy and mind are trained t stay calm, even in the rar (咆哮) f a big fire.
【答案】
1．a(chǎn)re dressed 2．might 3．t break 4．mre 5．that 6．limited 7．will depend 8．a(chǎn)ssessing 9．why 10．a(chǎn)s
【導(dǎo)語】本文是記敘文。文章通過講述消防員Sam Telfer的職業(yè)經(jīng)歷、訓(xùn)練過程以及他對消防工作的熱愛和看法，展現(xiàn)了消防員這一職業(yè)的艱辛與榮耀。
1．考查動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：在聽到鈴聲響起的60秒內(nèi)，他們穿好衣服，沖向一棟著火的高樓。dress為本句謂語，和主語they之間是被動關(guān)系，用被動語態(tài)，描述客觀事實(shí)，用一般過去時。故填are dressed。
2．考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：一個錯誤的決定可能意味著死亡。空后是動詞原形，根據(jù)句意，此處表推測，所以空處應(yīng)填情態(tài)動詞表推測，根據(jù)前文的culd可知，用一般過去時，所以might意為“可能”符合語境。故填might。
3．考查非謂語動詞。句意：現(xiàn)在，他接受的訓(xùn)練是闖入充滿煙霧和酷熱的房間，并提出救援策略。設(shè)空處作目的狀語，應(yīng)用不定式。故填t break。
4．考查副詞。句意：“我更想經(jīng)常站著，動手工作，學(xué)習(xí)新的實(shí)用技能，并且做一份每天都有變化的工作?！边@句話對于描述一份需要你在撲滅火災(zāi)時保持冷靜的職業(yè)來說，實(shí)在是太過輕描淡寫了?？仗幮揎椏涨暗膭釉~，用副詞修飾，根據(jù)句意，此處表達(dá)“更，更加”之意，用比較級。故填mre。
5．考查定語從句。句意：“我更想經(jīng)常站著，動手工作，學(xué)習(xí)新的實(shí)用技能，并且做一份每天都有變化的工作。”這句話對于描述一份需要你在撲滅火災(zāi)時保持冷靜的職業(yè)來說，實(shí)在是太過輕描淡寫了?？仗幰龑?dǎo)定語從句，先行詞是career，關(guān)系詞在從句中做主語，用that引導(dǎo)。故填that。
6．考查形容詞。句意：恐慌只會浪費(fèi)他有限的空氣供應(yīng)?？蘸笫敲~，所以空處應(yīng)填形容詞作定語，limit的形容詞形式是limited。故填limited。
7．考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：他的生存將不僅僅取決于身體健康。depend作本句謂語，描述將來的事，用一般將來時。故填will depend。
8．考查非謂語動詞。句意：他們練習(xí)快速評估火災(zāi)的變化情況。此處是固定搭配：practice ding sth.意為“練習(xí)做某事”。故填assessing。
9．考查表語從句。句意：“這就是我們熱愛這份工作的原因，”特爾弗說。空處引導(dǎo)表語從句，從句結(jié)構(gòu)完整，用連接副詞連接，根據(jù)句意，表達(dá)“這就是為什么”之意，用why引導(dǎo)。故填why。
10．考查狀語從句。句意：危險可能就在他每天上班的路上等著他?？仗幰龑?dǎo)時間狀語從句，表達(dá)“當(dāng)……時”之意，用as引導(dǎo)。故填as。
（2024·上海崇明·一模）Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
Reprt: Harmful Waste Creatin Set t Increase
The United Natins Envirnment Prgramme (UNEP) said in a reprt that public waste creatin will greatly increase by 2050. The rise will cause hundreds f billins f dllars f damage thrugh bidiversity lss, climate change, and deadly pllutin, UNEP reprts.
UNEP’s Glbal Waste Management Outlk 2024 says wrldwide waste creatin wuld greatly increase 1 gvernments take urgent preventative measures.
Damage 2 (cause) by the grwing waste wuld accunt fr abut $443 billin f the ttal cst.
The reprt, called Beynd an Age f Waste: Turning Rubbish int a Resurce, 3 (release) during the U.N. Envirnment Assembly in Kenya early this week. The writers argue that humanity 4 (mve) backwards ver the past ten years. They say humans are creating mre waste, mre pllutin, and mre climate changing gases.
Waste preventin measures and imprved waste treatment culd reduce thse csts, the reprt said. But it ntes, there are majr barriers 5 such refrms.
Negtiatrs are wrking tward an agreement 6 (deal) with the especially damaging and dangerus pllutin frm plastics. They are beginning a furth rund f talks in April. UNEP Executive Directr Inger Andersen said she is hpeful they will cmplete the agreement by the end f this year.
Envirnmentalists and fssil fuel (化石燃料) prducers cntinue t disagree abut the terms f the agreement. They especially dispute 7 the deal shuld center n reducing plastics prductin r increasing recycling and reuse.
“There is an interest, especially amng the cuntries 8 are prducing raw plymer (聚合物), but as I keep telling them, this is nt an anti-plastic agreement,” Andersen tld the reprters, 9 (nte) there wuld still be a need fr plastics in vehicles and medical equipment.
Andersen said 10 she hpes is that n grups wuld wrk t blck prgress n the agreement, but instead “find a way frward that actually takes int accunt the fact that we are drwning in plastic.”
【答案】
1．unless 2．caused 3．was released 4．has mved/has been mving 5．t 6．t deal 7．whether 8．that/which 9．nting 10．what
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章報道了聯(lián)合國環(huán)境規(guī)劃署（UNEP）關(guān)于全球廢物產(chǎn)生量將大幅增加及其相關(guān)影響的預(yù)測，以及各方在應(yīng)對這一問題上所做的努力和存在的分歧。
1．考查狀語從句。句意：UNEP的《2024年全球廢物管理展望》報告指出，除非各國政府采取緊急預(yù)防措施，否則全球廢物產(chǎn)生量將大幅增加?？仗帪闋钫Z從句的引導(dǎo)詞，意為“除非”，用“unless”引導(dǎo)。故填unless。
2．考查非謂語動詞。句意：由廢物增長造成的損害將占總成本的約4430億美元?？仗帪榉侵^語動詞擔(dān)當(dāng)后置定語；被修飾“damage”和動詞“cause”之間為被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞形式。故填caused。
3．考查謂語動詞。句意：本周早些時候在肯尼亞舉行的聯(lián)合國環(huán)境大會上發(fā)布了一份名為《超越廢物時代：將垃圾轉(zhuǎn)化為資源》的報告?？仗帪楸揪渲^語動詞；根據(jù)時間狀語“early this week”可知，本句時態(tài)為一般過去時；主語為“the reprt”，單數(shù)，和動詞“release”之間為被動關(guān)系，所以用被動語態(tài)。故填was released。
4．考查謂語動詞。句意：報告的作者認(rèn)為，過去十年來，人類一直在倒退。空處為從句謂語動詞；根據(jù)時間狀語“ver the past ten years”可知，本句時態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時或現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時；主語為“humanity”，單數(shù)，謂語動詞用has。故填has mved/has been mving。
5．考查介詞。句意：但它也指出，這樣的改革面臨著重大障礙?？仗帪榻樵~的用法，名詞“barrier”后用介詞“t”，意為“……的障礙”。故填t。
6．考查非謂語動詞。句意：談判人員正在努力達(dá)成一項(xiàng)協(xié)議，以應(yīng)對塑料造成的特別有害和危險的污染?？仗帪榉侵^語動詞擔(dān)當(dāng)目的狀語，用動詞不定時形式。故填t deal。
7．考查賓語從句。句意：他們尤其爭論協(xié)議是否應(yīng)以減少塑料生產(chǎn)為中心，還是應(yīng)增加回收和再利用?？仗帪橘e語從句的引導(dǎo)詞；根據(jù)下文的“r”以及句意可知，賓語從句用“whether”引導(dǎo)，意為“是否”。故填whether。
8．考查定語從句。句意：“一些國家，尤其是生產(chǎn)原生聚合物的國家，對此很感興趣，但我一直在告訴他們，這不是一項(xiàng)反塑料協(xié)議，”Andersen在告訴記者時指出，汽車和醫(yī)療設(shè)備中仍然需要塑料。空處為定語從句的關(guān)系詞；先行詞為“the cuntries”，在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)主語，用關(guān)系代詞which或that引導(dǎo)。故填which/that。
9．考查非謂語動詞。句意：“一些國家，尤其是生產(chǎn)原生聚合物的國家，對此很感興趣，但我一直在告訴他們，這不是一項(xiàng)反塑料協(xié)議，”Andersen在告訴記者時指出，汽車和醫(yī)療設(shè)備中仍然需要塑料。空處為非謂語動詞擔(dān)當(dāng)狀語；主語“Andersen”和動詞“nte”之間為主動關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故填nting。
10．考查主語從句。句意：Andersen表示，她希望沒有任何團(tuán)體阻礙協(xié)議取得進(jìn)展，而是“找到一條向前發(fā)展的道路，這條道路實(shí)際上考慮到了我們正處于塑料泛濫之中的事實(shí)”?？仗帪橹髡Z從句的引導(dǎo)詞；主語從句中缺少賓語，用what引導(dǎo)。故填what。
（2024·上海長寧·一模）Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the links t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each plank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
The benefits f cntainer gardening
D yu lve gardening, but yu dn’t have a yard? If that’s the case, 1 (take) cntainer gardening int cnsideratin. This methd invlves 2 (grw) plants in pts and cntainers rather than in the grund. Cntainer gardening is a great way t grw flwers, herbs, vegetables, fruit trees and mre. There are many advantages t this gardening methd.
T begin with, yu dn’t need much space. A rf r any ther utdr area that receives direct sunlight will wrk. In fact, a sunny, indr kitchen windwsill(窗沿) is perfect fr a few small plants, 3 gives yu easy access t herbs and vegetables as yu prepare meals. The key is t chse a spt that receives a gd deal f sunlight.
Unless they’re t big r heavy, cntainers are prtable. This allws yu t mve yur plants inside if necessary. Or yu can mve yur plants int the shade 4 extremely ht days. Cntainers allw yu t place yur plants 5 they’ll grw best.
With cntainers, yu’re almst certain 6 (fill) them with prductive sil. Using a gd bag f ptting sil that cntains the necessary nutrients fr yur plants is best. Here’s an imprtant tip: Once 7 (stuff), large cntainers can get heavy. Therefre, it’s best t put them at a prper place befre filling them.
One f the greatest benefits f cntainer gardening is that little r n weeding 8 (require). Fr plants in the grund, weeding is smetimes a daily r weekly requirement.
Peple als lve the fact that almst 9 can be used as a cntainer. Yu dn’t need expensive pts fr cntainers. Wden bxes, cans, tea kettles, ld shes and mre will wrk. There’s n end t the number f items that can be used. Just be sure t drill hles in the bttm f yur cntainers fr prper water discharge.
10 shws ff yur green fingers and yur creativity is a cntainer garden.
【答案】
1．take 2．grwing 3．which 4．n/fr/during/amid 5．wherever/where 6．t fill 7．stuffed 8．is required 9．a(chǎn)nything/everything 10．Whatever/What
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了容器園藝的好處。
1．考查祈使句。句意：如果是這種情況，請考慮進(jìn)行容器園藝。前文If引導(dǎo)條件從句，從句中使用一般現(xiàn)在時，主句用祈使句。故填take。
2．考查非謂語動詞。句意：這種方法是把植物種在花盆和容器里，而不是在地里。invlve后接動名詞作賓語。故填grwing。
3．考查定語從句關(guān)系詞。句意：事實(shí)上，一個陽光充足的室內(nèi)廚房窗臺非常適合種植一些小植物，它可以讓你在準(zhǔn)備食物時輕松獲取草藥和蔬菜?？崭窈竺娴木渥印癵ives yu easy access t herbs and vegetables as yu prepare meals”是非限制性定語從句，先行詞是前文的整個句子，因此使用關(guān)系代詞which。故填which。
4．考查介詞。句意：或者你可以在極熱的天氣里把植物移到陰涼處。 “n + 時間”表示“在某一天、某天晚上、某天早上等”的情況下。也可用用fr“因?yàn)椤被騞uring“在……期間”或amid“在……過程中”故填n/fr/during/amid。
5．考查狀語從句。句意：容器可以讓你把植物放在它們生長最佳的地方?？仗幰龑?dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句，用連詞wherever/where。故填wherever/where。
6．考查非謂語動詞。句意：有了容器，你幾乎肯定會用肥沃的土壤填滿它們。be certain t d smething是固定用法，表示有把握做某事。故填t fill。
7．考查狀語從句的省略。句意：一旦裝滿，大容器就會變得很重。本句為Once引導(dǎo)狀語從句的省略，還原后為：Once large cntainers are stuffed，省略了主語和be動詞，用過去分詞表被動。故填stuffed。
8．考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：一個最大的好處是，幾乎不需要除草?？崭裉幵诰渥又凶髦^語，陳述客觀事實(shí)，為一般現(xiàn)在時，且little r n weeding與require為被動關(guān)系。故填is required。
9．考查代詞。句意：人們也喜歡幾乎所有東西/任何東西都可以用作容器這一事實(shí)。根據(jù)句意可知，不定代詞anything或者everything做主語。故填anything/everything。
10．考查主語從句。句意：能展示你的園藝技能和創(chuàng)造力的是一個容器花園?？崭裉幰龑?dǎo)主語從句，從句缺少主語，用連接詞whatever/what。符合句意。故填Whatever/What。
（2024·上海浦東新·一模）Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
Reluctant influencers
When I started psting vides regularly t grw my n-camera vide-caching business, a friend asked me, “Are yu trying t be an influencer?” I hesitated at the questin.
The wrd “influencer” 1 (cin) in the 1600s nw has becme assciated with faint negative implicatins. We’ve all heard f celebrities being accused f “trying t hard”. And perhaps that’s what’s happening t business peple as well. My cncern as a marketer is that real business peple 2 culd gain a lt frm scial media are aviding the label “influencer” s much that they are hiding entirely. Hiding frm the camera is hiding frm clients.
As I cntinued t create and pst vides, I nticed that the number f my audience was twice 3 f the previus mnth, and likes were rising. It was then that I realized I was using my platfrm t make a difference in peple’s lives. N lnger was I wrried abut what it meant r 4 thers perceived it. I had fund my wn way t cnnect with peple n a mre persnal level and make a psitive impact. That was what 5 (cunt).
Pat Flynn, funder f Smart Passive Incme, has n issue with 6 (call) an influencer. He feels, 7 peple are watching, it’s imprtant t set a gd example in yur behavir. He adds that he desn’t take that respnsibility lightly because he is able t help peple 8 the things he des in the example.
9 (break) free frm this prejudice, remember why yu are n scial media. It is nt called private media. Never 10 (keep) yurselves blcked by a label. Shwing up n camera can be the mst efficient and effective way t build credibility and leads nline.
【答案】
1．cined 2．wh/that 3．that 4．hw 5．cunted 6．being called 7．because/as/since 8．thrugh 9．T break 10．keep
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要講述了人們對“網(wǎng)紅”標(biāo)簽的誤解及社交媒體對個人和事業(yè)發(fā)展的重要性。
1．考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：“網(wǎng)紅”一詞于17世紀(jì)被創(chuàng)造出來，現(xiàn)在卻帶有了些許負(fù)面的含義。根據(jù)空后 has becme可知，空處為非謂語動詞，“The wrd”和“cin”之間為被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞cined作后置定語。故填cined。
2．考查定語從句。句意：作為一名市場營銷人員，我擔(dān)心的是，那些本可以從社交媒體中獲益良多的真正商人，因?yàn)檫^于回避“網(wǎng)紅”這個標(biāo)簽，而完全隱藏了起來。空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞為real business peple，指人，在定語從句中作主語，空處需用關(guān)系代詞wh/that引導(dǎo)。故填wh/that。
3．考查代詞。句意：隨著我繼續(xù)創(chuàng)作和發(fā)布視頻，我發(fā)現(xiàn)我的觀眾數(shù)量是上個月的兩倍，并且點(diǎn)贊數(shù)也在不斷增加?？仗幮枰~that來指代上文的the number，以避免重復(fù)。故填that。
4．考查賓語從句。句意：我不再擔(dān)心它的意義或他人如何看待?？仗幰龑?dǎo)賓語從句，從句缺少連接副詞，需用連接副詞hw引導(dǎo)。故填hw。
5．考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：這才是最重要的。根據(jù)空前was what可知，what引導(dǎo)表語從句，空處為從句謂語動詞，需用一般過去時。故填cunted。
6．考查動名詞。句意：《Smart Passive Incme》的創(chuàng)始人帕特·弗林（Pat Flynn）并不介意被稱為網(wǎng)紅。他認(rèn)為，既然有人在看，那么在自己的行為中樹立一個好榜樣就很重要。根據(jù)空前with可知，空處需用動名詞作賓語，call與邏輯主語Pat Flynn為被動關(guān)系，需填動名詞的被動式being called。故填being called。
7．考查原因狀語從句。句意：他認(rèn)為，既然有人在看，那么在自己的行為中樹立一個好榜樣就很重要。空處需用表示“因?yàn)椤钡膹膶龠B詞引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，可用because/as/since。故填because/as/since。
8．考查介詞。句意：他補(bǔ)充說，他并沒有輕視這份責(zé)任，因?yàn)樗軌蛲ㄟ^自己在示例中所做的事情來幫助人們?？仗幈硎尽巴ㄟ^”， 需用介詞thrugh。故填thrugh。
9．考查非謂語動詞。句意：為了擺脫這種偏見，請記住你為什么使用社交媒體。根據(jù)空后remember可知，空處應(yīng)用非謂語動詞，不定式作目的狀語，表示“為了擺脫偏見”，句首字母大寫。故填T break。
10．考查祈使句。句意：永遠(yuǎn)不要讓自己被標(biāo)簽所束縛。根據(jù)空前Never和空后blcked可知，該句為否定祈使句，空處需用動詞原形keep。故填keep。
（2024·上海閔行·一模）Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits the blank.
I mved t a new city and tk a jb in marketing. 1 I initially felt uncertain abut whether the marketing jb was right fr me, I sn realized it didn’t fulfill my need fr purpse. I enjyed ding things I fund meaningful. As the mnths passed, I felt it just wasn’t 2 me. I needed t find a way ut.
A jb advertisement fr an editr fr a new yuth magazine came at exactly the right time. I applied and was successful. My rle was 3 (help) teams f yung peple edit their cntent and help them with their wrk, which invlved 4 (guide) them thrugh the editing prcess and prviding supprt fr their tasks. I 5 (assume) the magazine wuld be a mixture f games and bring reviews, s I was surprised when ne f the first pieces written was abut scial welfare. Finally, I fund smething I was interested in.
I felt a change in me straight away. I had a purpse again, when days 6 (lse) t discussing ht tpics and reading the wrds f their strng and pininated vices. 7 (invest) in their wrld, I culd see myself making a difference t the team’s writing ability. As ur website hits increased and the wrk shifted t reflect 8 ur audiences wanted, I develped a greater understanding f what yung peple might want t read.
The biggest change the jb brught, thugh, was t my well-being. It is rare that yu find 9 in a jb yu lve, ne that yu are happy t g int each day. I was grwing in this creative envirnment, inspired by the talented yung peple 10 careers I was helping t further. Nw, I realize that there are jbs that will keep yu happy, energetic, and inspired.
【答案】
1．Althugh/While/Thugh 2．fr 3．t help 4．guiding 5．had assumed 6．were lst 7．Invested 8．what 9．yurself 10．whse
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者的職業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)歷。作者最初從事營銷工作，但發(fā)現(xiàn)這份工作并不能滿足自己的目標(biāo)需求。后來，作者成功應(yīng)聘了一家新青年雜志的編輯職位，這份工作讓作者找到了自己的目標(biāo)和興趣所在，也讓作者對年輕人的閱讀習(xí)慣有了更深入的了解。
1．考查連詞。句意：雖然我最初不確定這份營銷工作是否適合我，但我很快意識到它并不能滿足我的目標(biāo)需求。結(jié)合語意可知，盡管最初作者不確定工作是否適合自己，但很快作者意識到了工作不能滿足自己的需求，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用連詞althugh/while/thugh引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，句首單詞首字母大寫。故填A(yù)lthugh/While/Thugh。
2．考查介詞。句意：隨著幾個月的過去，我覺得它并不適合我。根據(jù)上文“ I sn realized it didn’t fulfill my need fr purpse. I enjyed ding things I fund meaningful.”可知，作者意識到這份工作不適合自己，表示“適合”可用短語be fr sb.。故填fr。
3．考查非謂語動詞。句意：我的職責(zé)是幫助年輕團(tuán)隊(duì)編輯他們的內(nèi)容，并在他們的工作中幫助他們，這包括指導(dǎo)他們完成編輯過程，并為他們的任務(wù)提供支持。設(shè)空處用于was之后，作表語，表示“我的職責(zé)是去幫助年輕團(tuán)隊(duì)編輯他們的內(nèi)容”，故使用動詞不定式作表語。故填t help。
4．考查非謂語動詞。句意：同上。invlve ding sth為固定短語，意為“包括做某事”，此處使用動名詞作賓語，與后文的prviding構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系。故填guiding。
5．考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：我本以為這本雜志會是游戲和無聊評論的混合體，所以當(dāng)?shù)谝黄P(guān)于社會福利的文章寫出來時，我感到很驚訝。設(shè)空處使用動詞作謂語，根據(jù)句中wuld be和was可知，句子描述過去的動作，且結(jié)合語意，assume這一動作發(fā)生在過去的動作之前，即“過去的過去”，故使用過去完成時，表示“我本以為”。故填had assumed。
6．考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)日子被用來討論熱門話題，閱讀他們強(qiáng)烈而固執(zhí)己見的話語時，我又有了目標(biāo)。設(shè)空處使用動詞作when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句的謂語動詞，lse與邏輯主語days構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，且此處描述過去發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，主語為days，be動詞用were。故填were lst。
7．考查非謂語動詞。句意：投身于他們的世界，我可以看到自己給團(tuán)隊(duì)的寫作能力帶來了改變。句中culd see為謂語動詞，設(shè)空處作非謂語動詞，此處invest與邏輯主語I構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，故使用過去分詞形式作狀語。句首單詞首字母大寫。故填I(lǐng)nvested。
8．考查賓語從句。句意：隨著我們網(wǎng)站點(diǎn)擊量的增加，我們的工作也開始轉(zhuǎn)向反映觀眾想要的內(nèi)容，我對年輕人可能想讀什么有了更深的理解。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)賓語從句，從句中缺少wanted的賓語，指物，應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)。故填what。
9．考查代詞。句意：你很少能在你熱愛的工作中找到自己，一份你每天都樂意去做的工作。設(shè)空處與主語yu一致，應(yīng)使用反身代詞作賓語，表示“你自己”。故填yurself。
10．考查定語從句。句意：我在這個充滿創(chuàng)意的環(huán)境中成長，受到那些我?guī)椭苿勇殬I(yè)生涯的才華橫溢的年輕人的啟發(fā)。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞yung peple，先行詞指人，關(guān)系詞在從句中作定語，表示“年輕人的職業(yè)”，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞whse引導(dǎo)。故填whse。
（24-25高三上·上?！て谥校〥irectins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
Nt S Fast
The 5:2 diet ffers five days f nrmal eating “with little thught t calrie cntrl” t every tw days f near fasting, when yu eat a quarter f yur recmmended daily calrie intake, 1 wrks ut as 500 calries fr wmen and 600 fr men. Nt nly is the cncept f 5:2 easy 2 (grasp), it’s als a manageable apprach. Gt a client dinner r a birthday lunch? N prblem. “Frm this pint f view, the 5:2 diet is very gd,” says nutritinist Sue Baic. “There’s gd evidence t supprt it. It’s nt fr everyne — say, if yu’ve gt a histry f eating disrders — but generally it fits in with mdern life. And psychlgically, yu knw yu’ re nt being t strict with 3 .
Hwever, research published in 2005 shwed that fr lng-term weight-lss success, a cnsistent diet apprach was mre successful. Participants wh reprted a cnsistent diet 4 the week were 1. 5 times mre likely t maintain their weight within 2.2kg ver the next year than thse wh dieted mre strictly n weekdays. S it 5 wrk in the shrt term, but cnsistency, it seems, will keep yu in the healthy eating game fr a lnger time. And a 2014 review by researchers at the University f Illinis fund that daily calrie restrictin is still a mre effective means f lsing weight than fasting. “ 6 (reduce) calrie intake belw energy cnsumptin and yur diet will be successful,” explains Baic. 7 yu’ve grasped this, it’s a mental game.
Mindfulness in weight lss is a(n) 8 (grw) area f research. It has lng been the thery behind 9 (guide) diet plans, which encurage fllwers t attend lcal grups. Accrding t Baic, these have impressive success rates. “Diet prgrammes like Weight Watchers, Slimming Wrld and Rsemary Cnley give really gd, evidence-based advice and ffer supprt, s there’s a psychlgical side t it as well,” she says.
In 2012, Dr Brian Wansink at Crnell University launched the Natinal Mindless Eating Challenge, which examined the difference in behaviur f successful and unsuccessful dieters. Mindfulness, r being aware f 10 yu’re eating, was a key factr in the success stries.
【答案】
1．which 2．t grasp 3．yurself 4．a(chǎn)crss/thrughut 5．may 6．Reduce 7．Once/If 8．grwing 9．guided 10．what
【導(dǎo)語】本文為說明文。文章介紹了5:2飲食法及其特點(diǎn)，同時指出長期減重成功需持續(xù)穩(wěn)定的飲食方法，還強(qiáng)調(diào)了正念飲食在減重中的重要性，并提到了相關(guān)研究。
1．考查定語從句。句意：5:2飲食法提供五天正常飲食“幾乎不考慮卡路里控制”，每兩天近乎禁食一次，此時你吃的是你建議的每日卡路里攝入量的四分之一，對女性來說是500卡路里，對男性來說是600卡路里?！癬____ wrks ut as 500 calries fr wmen and 600 fr men”為非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞a quarter f yur recmmended daily calrie intake，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)。故填which。
2．考查非謂語動詞。句意：5:2的概念不僅容易理解，而且也是一種可行的方法。nt nly置于句首，引起部分倒裝，系動詞is被置于主語the cncept f 5:2之前，原句語序?yàn)椋?cncept f 5:2 is easy _____ (grasp)為固定搭配；又因“主語+ be + adj. + t d…”為固定句型，該句型中形容詞表明主語的特征或性質(zhì)，句中動詞不定式與主語之間存在動賓關(guān)系。本句中easy表明主語the cncept f 5:2的特征，動詞grasp(理解)與主語是動賓關(guān)系，適用該固定句型。故填t grasp。
3．考查反身代詞。句意：從心理上來說，你知道你對自己不會太嚴(yán)格。根據(jù)句意，“你對你自己沒有太嚴(yán)格”，主語和賓語一致，用反身代詞yurself作賓語。故填yurself。
4．考查介詞。句意：報告一周內(nèi)飲食一致的參與者在接下來的一年里將體重保持在2.2公斤以內(nèi)的可能性是那些在工作日節(jié)食更嚴(yán)格的參與者的1.5倍。根據(jù)句意，表示“一周內(nèi)”，可用介詞acrss或者thrughut，意為“自始至終，貫穿整個時期”，強(qiáng)調(diào)整個一周。故填acrss/thrughut。
5．考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：所以，它可能在短期內(nèi)有效，但看起來，一致性會讓你在健康飲食的道路上堅持更長時間。根據(jù)后文“but cnsistency, it seems, will keep yu in the healthy eating game fr a lnger time”可知，它“可能”在短期內(nèi)有效，應(yīng)用情態(tài)動詞may，表示可能性。故填may。
6．考查固定句型。句意：“減少卡路里攝入量低于能量消耗，你的飲食就會成功，”Baic解釋道。句中使用了“祈使句+and+陳述句”固定句型，意為“如果……，就……”，其中祈使句部分相當(dāng)于一個條件狀語從句；句首單詞首字母大寫。故填Reduce。
7．考查連詞。句意：一旦/如果你掌握了這一點(diǎn)，這就是一場心理游戲。根據(jù)句意，“yu’ve grasped this”是“it’s a mental game”的條件，用連詞nce或者if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句；句首單詞首字母大寫。故填Once/If。
8．考查形容詞。句意：正念減肥是一個不斷增長的研究領(lǐng)域。提示詞修飾名詞area，用形容詞grwing作定語，意為“增加的；增長的”。故填grwing。
9．考查非謂語動詞。句意：它一直是指導(dǎo)飲食計劃背后的理論，這些計劃鼓勵追隨者參加當(dāng)?shù)氐膱F(tuán)體。提示詞guide(指導(dǎo))修飾名詞詞組diet plans，作定語，是非謂語動詞，與其邏輯主語diet plans之間是被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞表被動。故填guided。
10．考查賓語從句。句意：正念，或者意識到你在吃什么，是成功故事中的一個關(guān)鍵因素。“_____ yu’re eating”是賓語從句，從句中缺少賓語，表示“吃什么”，用連接代詞what引導(dǎo)從句，作賓語。故填what。
（24-25高三上·上海金山·階段練習(xí)）Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
Frybread
In ne versin f his 1996 sng “Frybread”, rck artist Keith Secla sang: “Yu can’t d much with sugar, flur, lard and salt. But yu can add ne fundamental ingredient: lve.” Since its creatin in the 1800s, the subject f Secla’s sng, frybread, 1 (becme) a culturally significant cmfrt fd within lcal cmmunities acrss Canada and America.
The taste, clur and size f these fried dugh (生面團(tuán)) discs differ acrss the cntinent, with each family and cmmunity adding their wn tuch. One nline cmment says, “Yur mm’s r yur aunt’s frybread 2 never be made by anyne else in the wrld.” 3 the variety, mst versins have a few things in cmmn. The basic ingredients are flur, baking pwder r sda, and salt, 4 are mixed tgether int a dugh ball using water, milk r buttermilk. After letting it rise, the ball 5 (divide) int pieces, rlled int discs and then fried until bubbly, glden and crispy.
Even thugh widely lved, there is n denying that the treat is heavily laded with calries — ne piece f 500 calries and 20 grams f fat. Besides, it is als a painful symbl f survival. One rigin stry says the bread was first made by the Diné. In 1864, the Diné were frced t leave their traditinal hmeland in eastern Arizna and western New Mexic and walk the nearly 500-kilmetre jurney, 6 (knw) as the Lng Walk. Hundreds f them died f starvatin alng the way. 7 amng the cheap ingredients, was given t them by the U.S. gvernment as daily ratins was wheat flur previusly unknwn t them. As the legend ges, the Diné fried the ften spiled flur t kill ff parasites (寄生蟲).
Tday, a fd-valuing mvement, 8 (aim) t bring back traditinal diets, is bming. Hwever, the diets dn’t include frybread. “There is n ral traditin 9 (teach) abut frybread,” wrte Devn A．Mihesuah, a histrian as well as a prfessr at the University f Kansas.
10 the future hlds fr frybread, it will always stand as prf t the adaptability f thse native cmmunities. As an enduring fd, frybread has demnstrated its lasting significance.
【答案】
1．has becme 2．can 3．Despite 4．which 5．is divided 6．knwn 7．What 8．a(chǎn)iming 9．t be taught 10．N matter what
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了油炸面包在美國和加拿大的文化意義，它不僅是社區(qū)的安慰食物，還承載了納瓦霍族人在艱難歷史中的生存故事，盡管其營養(yǎng)價值不高，但作為一種文化象征，它展示了土著社區(qū)的適應(yīng)能力。
1．考查動詞時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：自19世紀(jì)誕生以來，Secla這首歌的主題“油炸面包”已經(jīng)成為加拿大和美國當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)具有重要文化意義的安慰食物?？仗幾骶渥拥闹^語，結(jié)合時間狀語“Since its creatin in the 1800s”可知，時態(tài)應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時，表示過去的動作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，且主語是單數(shù)，助動詞應(yīng)用has。故填has becme。
2．考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：一條網(wǎng)上評論說：“你媽媽或你阿姨做的油炸面包永遠(yuǎn)不可能是世界上其他人做的?！笨仗幒蚥e made構(gòu)成謂語，應(yīng)用情態(tài)動詞，結(jié)合“never be made by anyne else in the wrld”可知，此處指“不可能是世界上其他人做的”，應(yīng)用表示可能性的情態(tài)動詞can。故填can。
3．考查介詞。句意：盡管種類繁多，但大多數(shù)版本都有一些共同點(diǎn)。空后為名詞the variety，結(jié)合“mst versins have a few things in cmmn”可知，此處含讓步關(guān)系，空處應(yīng)用意為“盡管”的介詞despite，句首單詞的首字母需大寫。故填Despite。
4．考查定語從句。句意：最基本的配料是面粉、發(fā)酵粉或蘇打粉和鹽，用水、牛奶或酪乳混合成一個面團(tuán)球?？仗幰龑?dǎo)非限制性定語從句，對前面提到的各種配料作補(bǔ)充說明，先行詞指物，在從句中作主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which作引導(dǎo)詞。故填which。
5．考查動詞時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：發(fā)面后，球被分成幾塊，卷成圓片，然后炸至起泡、金黃、酥脆?？仗幾骶渥拥闹^語，此處在描述通常的做法，時態(tài)應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時，divide“（使）分開”和主語the ball之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)，且主語是單數(shù)，be動詞應(yīng)用is。故填is divided。
6．考查非謂語動詞。句意：在1864年，納瓦霍族人被迫離開他們傳統(tǒng)的家鄉(xiāng)亞利桑那州東部和新墨西哥州西部，走了近500公里的旅程，被稱為“漫長的步行”。句子主干成分完整，空處作jurney的非限制性后置定語，knw“把……看作是，將……稱為”和jurney邏輯上是被動關(guān)系，且動作已完成，因此用knw的過去分詞形式。故填knwn。
7．考查主語從句。句意：在美國政府提供給他們的廉價食材中，有一種是他們以前不知道的小麥粉?？仗幰龑?dǎo)名詞性從句作主語，主語從句缺少主語，結(jié)合“wheat flur”可知，主語指物，應(yīng)用連接代詞what作引導(dǎo)詞，句首單詞的首字母需大寫。故填What。
8．考查非謂語動詞。句意：如今，一場旨在恢復(fù)傳統(tǒng)飲食的重視食物的運(yùn)動正在蓬勃發(fā)展。句子主干成分完整，空處作mvement的非限制性后置定語，aim“旨在”和mvement邏輯上是主動關(guān)系，且動作在進(jìn)行中，因此用aim的現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故填aiming。
9．考查非謂語動詞。句意：“沒有關(guān)于油炸面包的口述傳統(tǒng)可以傳授，”歷史學(xué)家、堪薩斯大學(xué)教授Devn A. Mihesuah寫道?？仗幾鱰raditin的后置定語，teach“教授”和traditin邏輯上是被動關(guān)系，且動作未發(fā)生，因此用teach的不定式被動語態(tài)。故填t be taught。
10．考查讓步狀語從句。句意：不管油炸面包的未來如何，它將永遠(yuǎn)是這些土著社區(qū)適應(yīng)能力的證明。逗號的前后句之間是讓步關(guān)系，空處引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，hlds缺少賓語，賓語指物，不含選擇范圍，因此n matter what來引導(dǎo)，且句首單詞的首字母應(yīng)大寫。故填N matter what。
（24-25高三上·上海靜安·期末）Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
Essential ils are extremely cncentrated versins f ily substance that plants prduce 1 (attract) pllinatrs (傳粉昆蟲). They may be natural, but that desn’t mean they’re always healthy r gd fr everyne.
2 the essential il is s ppular n the csmetics market is nt knwn. Sme peple credit its appeal 3 its pleasant smell. But ne thing is fr sure. Essential ils dn’t cure cancer and there’s n slid evidence that they d much f anything else fr health.
But peple wh lve essential ils ften say that there’s an il fr everything. They claim these ils can be useful in a variety f ways. Since lng ag, Atlanta Institute fr Armatherapy 4 (cllect) examples f peple harmed by essential ils, in an effrt t cnvince il fans that these things are nt always harmless and 5 be treated seriusly.
In their injury reprt, peple said they gt skin burns 6 they used the ils in harmless-sunding ways. One wman gt blisters (泡) n her back after putting a few drps f sweet range il in her bath water. Anther applied an il mixture behind the ears, 7 seemed t cause burning.
Sme ils, especially 8 frm citrus (柑橘屬的) plants, can cause burns and blisters by sensitizing skin t the sun. Others hurt skin directly. And 9 (mix) ils with water, which is suggested by many, seldm helps t reduce the harm. Saddest f all are the stries f peple wh adpted ils as a treatment fr skin prblems, nly t find the cnditin wrsened.
Therefre, sme ils may be safe fr skin, when apprpriately 10 (apply). T prtect yu frm any unexpected harm, a tryut is always recmmended.
【答案】
1．t attract 2．Why 3．t 4．has been cllecting/has cllected 5．shuld 6．a(chǎn)lthugh 7．which 8．thse/nes 9．mixing 10．a(chǎn)pplied
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了人們對精油作用的一些誤解和使用精油對人體造成的傷害。
1．考查非謂語動詞。句意：精油是植物為吸引傳粉者而產(chǎn)生的油性物質(zhì)的極度濃縮。空格處作目的狀語，應(yīng)該用不定式形式。故填t attract。
2．考查連接副詞。句意：為什么這種精油在化妝品市場如此受歡迎還不清楚?？崭裉幰龑?dǎo)主語從句，且意義為“為什么”，所以應(yīng)該用連詞副詞why引導(dǎo)。故填Why。
3．考查介詞。句意：有些人把它的吸引力歸功于它令人愉快的氣味。是固定搭配，意為“把……歸功于……”。故填t。
4．考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：從很久以前，亞特蘭大芳香療法研究所一直在收集人們被精油傷害的例子，試圖說服精油愛好者，這些東西并不總是無害的，應(yīng)該認(rèn)真對待?？崭裉幨侵^語動詞，根據(jù)時間狀語since lng ag可知，句子應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時，表示從過去開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在；也可以強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的延續(xù)性，用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時。主語是Atlanta Institute fr Armatherapy，助動詞用has。故填has been cllecting/has cllected。
5．考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：很久以前，亞特蘭大芳香療法研究所一直在收集人們被精油傷害的例子，試圖說服精油愛好者，這些東西并不總是無害的，應(yīng)該認(rèn)真對待。根據(jù)句意和空格后的動詞原形be可知，空格處應(yīng)該填入應(yīng)該一個情態(tài)動詞，且意義為“應(yīng)該”，所以用shuld。故填shuld。
6．考查連詞。句意：在他們的傷害報告中，人們說盡管他們以無害的方式使用了這些油，他們的皮膚卻燒傷了?？崭袂昂蟮膬?nèi)容是讓步轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)該用althugh引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。故填althugh。
7．考查定語從句。句意：另一個人在耳朵后面涂了一種油混合物，這似乎引起了灼傷?？崭裉幰龑?dǎo)非限制性定語從句，對先行詞an il mixture進(jìn)行限定說明，從句中缺少主語，所以應(yīng)該用關(guān)系代詞which代替先行詞在從句中作主語。故填which。
8．考查代詞。句意：一些油，特別是來自柑橘類植物的油，會使皮膚在陽光下變得敏感，從而導(dǎo)致灼傷和水泡?？崭裉帒?yīng)該用代詞，代指上文的復(fù)數(shù)名詞ils，所以用thse或nes。故填thse/nes。
9．考查非謂語動詞。句意：許多人建議將油和水混合，但這很少有助于減少危害。空格處作主語，應(yīng)該用動名詞形式mixing。故填mixing。
10．考查狀語從句的省略。句意：因此，如果使用得當(dāng)，有些油對皮膚是安全的。根據(jù)動詞apply和空格前的連詞when可知，此處考查狀語從句的省略，when引導(dǎo)的完整從句是when they are apprpriately applied。從句的主語和主句的主語一致，且從句中有be動詞，可以省略從句的主語和be動詞。故填applied。
（2024·上海嘉定·一模）Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
Preserving Fds
Early humans had t rely n the envirnment t find fd. Men hunted animals r caught fish, while wmen gathered fruits and rts. Hwever, if the fd was nt eaten quickly, it wuld spil and n lnger be safe t eat. The lack f knwledge abut 1 t preserve fd made it difficult t stre enugh t eat later. Tday, there are many preservatin techniques, sme f 2 date back thusands f years.
One f the 3 (early) discveries was the use f cling t preserve meat. Early hunters wuld drag large animals t caves, where they stayed cl. The meat 4 (stre) in the cl caves culd be eaten fr days, even weeks, withut ging bad. In clder climates, the meat wuld freeze and last fr mnths. These early hunters did nt understand bacteria, which cause fd t spil. They didn't knw that cling and freezing slwed bacterial grwth.
In warmer regins, early humans fund that 5 (dry) fd kept it frm spiling. They discvered that bacteria culdn't grw withut misture (水分) . Dried meats and fruits culd last fr extended perids, which was essential in areas where refrigeratin was nt available.
6 humans transitined frm hunting t farming, preserving fd became even mre imprtant. Farmers relied n varius methds t preserve their harvests. They salted meat, smked it ver fires, and preserved vegetables in vinegar r il. Different cultures 7 (develp) unique preservatin techniques: Kreans made kimchi, Germans made sauerkraut, and during the winter, preserved fds were crucial 8 survival.
Over the centuries, the ways f preserving fd advanced. In the 19th century, the canning prcess 9 (intrduce). By sealing fd in glass jars r metal cans and biling them t kill bacteria, fd culd be stred safely fr lng perids. Later, the inventin f refrigeratin in the20th century revlutinized fd strage, keeping fd fresh fr much lnger.
Tday, we use a cmbinatin f these methds, frm freezing and canning t drying and salting, 10 (ensure) that fd lasts lnger and remains safe t eat.
【答案】
1．hw 2．which 3．earliest 4．stred 5．drying 6．As/When 7．develped 8．fr 9．was intrduced 10．t ensure
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了人類保存食物技術(shù)的發(fā)展過程。
1．考查疑問詞。句意：由于缺乏保存食物的知識，很難儲存足夠的食物供以后食用。此處為“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語，表示“如何”用hw。故填hw。
2．考查定語從句。句意：今天，有許多保存技術(shù)，其中一些可以追溯到幾千年前?！敖樵~+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)的非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞techniques，作介詞f的賓語，指物，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which。故填which。
3．考查最高級。句意：最早的發(fā)現(xiàn)之一是使用冷卻來保存肉類。根據(jù)上文“One f the”以及句意“最早的”可知用最高級earliest。故填earliest。
4．考查非謂語動詞。句意：儲存在涼爽洞穴里的肉可以吃上幾天，甚至幾周，而不會變質(zhì)。句中已有謂語動詞culd be eaten，空處應(yīng)用非謂語動詞，此處stre與meat構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作后置定語。故填stred。
5．考查非謂語動詞。句意：在溫暖的地區(qū)，早期人類發(fā)現(xiàn)晾干食物可以防止變質(zhì)?？仗幨菑木渲髡Z，表示一般動作或狀態(tài)，應(yīng)用所給動詞dry“(使)變干”的動名詞形式drying作主語。故填drying。
6．考查狀語從句。句意：當(dāng)人類從狩獵過渡到農(nóng)耕時(隨著人類從狩獵過渡到農(nóng)耕)，保存食物變得更加重要?？仗幰龑?dǎo)時間狀語從句，表示“當(dāng)……時候”或“隨著……”用when或as，首字母大寫。故填A(yù)s/When。
7．考查時態(tài)。句意：不同的文化發(fā)展出了獨(dú)特的保存技術(shù)：韓國人做泡菜，德國人做酸菜，在冬天，保存食物對生存至關(guān)重要。空處是句子的謂語動詞，句子描述的是過去的情況，用一般過去時，謂語動詞用過去式形式。故填develped。
8．考查介詞。句意：不同的文化發(fā)展出了獨(dú)特的保存技術(shù)：韓國人做泡菜，德國人做酸菜，在冬天，保存食物對生存至關(guān)重要。短語be crucial fr表示“對……至關(guān)重要”。故填fr。
9．考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：在19世紀(jì)，罐頭工藝被引入。主語prcess與謂語intrduce構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，根據(jù)上文時間狀語In the 19th century可知，句子陳述過去發(fā)生的事情，故應(yīng)用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，主語為單數(shù)名詞，be動詞用was。故填was intrduced。
10．考查非謂語動詞。句意：今天，我們使用這些方法的組合，從冷凍和罐裝到干燥和腌制，以確保食物保存更長時間并保持食用安全。此處ensure作目的狀語，用不定式。故填t ensure。
（2024·上海黃浦·一模）Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passages cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
The Ancient Philsphy Behind The Sign
The Sign, a 28-minute episde f the kids TV shw has been htly anticipated—and its stry is a deep reflectin n change.
The much-lved Australian cartn abut Bluey, a seven-year-ld blue dg has been a wrldwide phenmenn since it 1 (launch) back in 2018. Alngside mre genuinely laugh-ut-lud mments than in mst high-time cmedies, it cntains mre serius elements t, such as brief intrductins f parenting situatins 2 will be painfully familiar t any guardians r caregivers, as well as inferences t fateful life events 3 death and marriage. It’s explring an adult wrld with the jyus, surreal excitement f childhd.
4 viewers wn’t have predicted will be hw much this episde draws frm Taist philsphy. It is an ancient Chinese belief system based n trying 5 (exist) in harmny with the universe. When Bluey sadly tells her classmates she’s mving away, her teacher Calyps reads a stry 6 (call) The Farmer. The stry fllws a series f events happening, and each time, the neighburs tell the farmer that it’s “gd luck” r “bad luck”. Every time, the farmer simply replies t each situatin, “We’ll see”. “Is it a happy r sad ending?” asks Bluey afterwards. “Bth,” says Calyps. “I dn’t understand,” says Bluey. “Everything will wrk ut the way that 7 is suppsed t, Bluey,” she replies.
The stry is actually an ld tale that first riginated in the Huainanzi, an ancient Chinese text 8 (date) back t 139 BC, and it reminds peple that we have n cntrl r n real way f knwing whether events that happen t us 9 (be) “gd” r “bad”. 10 we are pen t change and trust that things will wrk ut fr the best, we are sure t make it.
【答案】
1．was launched 2．that/which 3．like 4．What 5．t exist 6．called 7．it 8．dating 9．a(chǎn)re 10．As lng as
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章通過對兒童電視節(jié)目The Sign一集內(nèi)容的深入解析，探討了其中蘊(yùn)含的道家哲學(xué)思想，并對相關(guān)文化背景進(jìn)行了介紹和解釋。
1．考查謂語動詞。句意：自2018年首播以來，這部備受歡迎的澳大利亞動畫片《Bluey》已成為全球現(xiàn)象。它講述了一只七歲藍(lán)色小狗Bluey的故事。空處為從句謂語動詞；從句為“since”引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，用一般過去時；主語為“it”，單數(shù)，和動詞“l(fā)aunch”之間為被動關(guān)系。故填was launched。
2．考查定語從句。句意：與大多數(shù)高收視率喜劇相比，這部動畫片中真正讓人捧腹大笑的時刻更多，同時它也包含了更嚴(yán)肅的元素，如簡要介紹對任何監(jiān)護(hù)人或看護(hù)者來說都痛苦且熟悉的育兒情境，以及對死亡和婚姻等決定性人生事件的暗示?？仗帪槎ㄕZ從句的關(guān)系詞；先行詞為“brief intrductins f parenting situatins”，在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)主語，用關(guān)系代詞which或that引導(dǎo)。故填which或that。
3．考查介詞。句意：與大多數(shù)高收視率喜劇相比，這部動畫片中真正讓人捧腹大笑的時刻更多，同時它也包含了更嚴(yán)肅的元素，如簡要介紹對任何監(jiān)護(hù)人或看護(hù)者來說都痛苦且熟悉的育兒情境，以及對死亡和婚姻等決定性人生事件的暗示?？仗帪榻樵~，意為“如……”，用介詞“l(fā)ike”。故填like。
4．考查主語從句。句意：觀眾無法預(yù)料的是，這一集會如此深刻地借鑒道家哲學(xué)?？仗帪橹髡Z從句的引導(dǎo)詞；主語從句中缺少賓語，用what引導(dǎo)；出現(xiàn)在句首，首字母大寫。故填What。
5．考查非謂語動詞。句意：道家哲學(xué)是一種古老的中國信仰體系，其基礎(chǔ)是努力與宇宙和諧共存?？仗帪榉侵^語動詞擔(dān)當(dāng)動詞“try”的賓語，意為“努力做某事”，用動詞不定式形式。故填t exist。
6．考查非謂語動詞。句意：當(dāng)Bluey悲傷地告訴同學(xué)們她要搬走時，她的老師Calyps讀了一個名為《農(nóng)夫》的故事?？仗帪榉侵^語動詞擔(dān)當(dāng)后置定語，被修飾詞“a stry”和動詞“call”之間為被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞形式。故填called。
7．考查代詞。句意：“Bluey，一切都會按照它應(yīng)該的方式發(fā)展的，”她回答道?？仗帪榇~，代指“everything”，用代詞“it”。故填it。
8．考查非謂語動詞。句意：這個故事實(shí)際上是一個古老的寓言，最初源自公元前139年的中國古代文獻(xiàn)《淮南子》，它提醒人們，我們無法控制也無法真正知道發(fā)生在我們身上的事情是“好”是“壞”?？仗帪榉侵^語動詞擔(dān)當(dāng)后置定語，被修飾詞“an ancient Chinese text”和動詞短語“date back t”之間為主動關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故填dating。
9．考查謂語動詞。句意：這個故事實(shí)際上是一個古老的寓言，最初源自公元前139年的中國古代文獻(xiàn)《淮南子》，它提醒人們，我們無法控制也無法真正知道發(fā)生在我們身上的事情是“好”是“壞”?？仗帪閺木渲^語動詞；根據(jù)主句時態(tài)可知，從句時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時；主語為“events”，復(fù)數(shù)。故填are。
10．考查狀語從句。句意：只要我們愿意接受變化，并相信事情會朝著最好的方向發(fā)展，我們就一定能夠成功?？仗帪闋钫Z從句的引導(dǎo)詞，用“as lng as”引導(dǎo)；出現(xiàn)在句首，首字母大寫。故填A(yù)s lng as。
（2024·上海奉賢·一模）Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
The Best Music t Bst Prductivity
Hw many times have yu put n yur headphnes t help yu cncentrate n yur tasks? Varius studies have tried t address the questin f 1 music in the wrkplace can be helpful r nt. The shrt answer seems t be yes, but it depends n the jb and the music.
In ne study, machine peratrs at a clthes manufacturer became 2 (prductive) when they listened t relaxing music; the researchers therefre suggested trying music with a faster pace instead. Hwever, in anther study 3 (cnduct) amng surgens wh perated n patients while listening t classical music, it shwed that they were bth faster and mre accurate in perfrmance. In this case, the researchers advised against high pace r lud music 4 it culd be distracting.
Accrding t sme scientists, n matter what task yu’re engaged in, lyrics in music 5 negatively impact yur attentin. Hwever, if 6 (listen) t lyric-less r classical tunes annys yu, yu’re prbably nt ging t be very prductive, s it ultimately depends n yur persnal preference.
There might be a link between “emtinal use” f music at wrk and perfrmance, t. Essentially, if yur md imprves, s des yur wrk. T sme extent, then, yu may be best ff playing music 7 makes yu happy. Interestingly, thugh, ne 2023 study, which surveyed 244 peple wh listened t music at wrk, revealed n benefit when music 8 (use) fr cgnitive thinking r just played in the backgrund.
But if yu’re just here fr the best tracks 9 (bst) yur prductivity, we’ve gt sme recmmendatins fr yu. The tp three sngs mst ften included in wrk-related Sptify lists 10 (be): “Drps f Jupiter” (Train), “Dreams” (Fleetwd Mac) and “Dn’t Stp Believin” (Jurney). Integrate these sngs int yur wrkday and experience the bst in prductivity they can prvide.
【答案】
1．whether 2．less prductive 3．cnducted 4．because/as/since 5．may/might/can/culd 6．listening 7．that/which 8．was used 9．t bst 10．a(chǎn)re
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了音樂對工作效率有幫助，但這取決于工作類型和音樂類型，并推薦了三首有助于提高效率的歌曲。
1．考查賓語從句。句意：各種研究試圖解決工作場所的音樂是否有益的問題?？仗幰龑?dǎo)賓語從句，作介詞f的賓語。結(jié)合從句中的r nt可知，這里表示“是否”的含義，應(yīng)用whether引導(dǎo)，在從句中不充當(dāng)成分，只起連接作用。故填whether。
2．考查形容詞的比較級。句意：在一項(xiàng)研究中，一家服裝制造商的機(jī)器操作員在聽舒緩的音樂時，工作效率會降低；研究人員建議嘗試節(jié)奏更快的音樂。根據(jù)“the researchers therefre suggested trying music with a faster pace instead”可知，研究人員建議讓機(jī)器操作員聽節(jié)奏更快的音樂，由此可知，舒緩的音樂會使他們降低工作效率?？仗帒?yīng)用prductive的比較級less prductive。故填less prductive。
3．考查非謂語動詞。句意：然而，在另一項(xiàng)對外科醫(yī)生進(jìn)行的研究中，外科醫(yī)生在聽古典音樂的同時對患者進(jìn)行手術(shù)，結(jié)果表明他們的表現(xiàn)更快、更準(zhǔn)確。study和cnduct之間是動賓關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞，作后置定語。故填cnducted。
4．考查狀語從句。句意：在這種情況下，研究人員建議不要播放高節(jié)奏或大聲的音樂，因?yàn)檫@可能會分散注意力?？仗幰龑?dǎo)狀語從句?！癷t culd be distracting”表示原因，所以應(yīng)用because/as/since引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。故填because/as/since。
5．考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：根據(jù)一些科學(xué)家的說法，無論你從事什么任務(wù)，音樂中的歌詞都可能/可以對你的注意力產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響?？蘸笫莿釉~原形impact，所以空處應(yīng)用情態(tài)動詞。這里表示歌詞可能/可以對注意力產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響，應(yīng)用may/might表示可能，用can/culd表示可以。故填may/might/can/culd。
6．考查非謂語動詞。句意：然而，如果聽抒情少或古典音樂讓你惱火，你可能不會很有效率，所以這最終取決于你的個人喜好?？仗幵诰渲凶髦髡Z，應(yīng)用動名詞。故填listening。
7．考查定語從句。句意：那么在某種程度上，你最好播放能讓你快樂的音樂。空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，指代先行詞music，指物，且空處在從句中作主語，所以應(yīng)用that或which引導(dǎo)。故填that/which。
8．考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：然而，有趣的是，2023年的一項(xiàng)研究調(diào)查了244名在工作中聽音樂的人，結(jié)果顯示，當(dāng)音樂用于認(rèn)知思維或只是在背景中播放時，沒有任何好處。when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，空處在從句中作謂語，根據(jù)“ne 2023 study”和句中時態(tài)可知，這里表示過去發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)用一般過去時。music和use之間是動賓關(guān)系，所以用被動語態(tài)，且主語為不可數(shù)名詞，be動詞用was。故填was used。
9．考查非謂語動詞。句意：但如果你只是來這里尋找提高生產(chǎn)力的最佳途徑，我們?yōu)槟闾峁┝艘恍┙ㄗh?？仗幾鱰racks的后置定語，且前有the best修飾，應(yīng)用不定式。故填t bst。
10．考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：最常出現(xiàn)在與工作相關(guān)的Sptify列表中的前三首歌曲是：《Drps f Jupiter》（Train），《Dreams》（Fleetwd Mac）和《Dn’t Stp Believin》（Jurney）。本句陳述的是現(xiàn)實(shí)情況，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時。主語為The tp three sngs，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。故填are。
（2024·上海徐匯·一模）Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
Pineers in artificial intelligence win the Nbel Prize in physics
The 2024 Nbel Prize in physics has been awarded t Jhn Hpfield and Geffrey Hintn. They are knwn fr their fundamental discveries in machine learning, 1 paved the way fr hw artificial intelligence is used tday.
Machine learning differs frm traditinal sftware. The sftware receives data, which is prcessed accrding t a clear descriptin, and 2 (prduce) the results. In machine learning, the cmputer learns by example, enabling it t tackle prblems that are t cmplicated 3 (manage) by step-by-step instructins.
Hintn and Hpfield 4 (credit) with using tls frm physics t advance basic research in the field. In 1982, Hpfield develped a mdel f neural (神經(jīng)的) netwrks, tday knwn as the Hpfield netwrk, t describe hw the brain recalls memries when 5 (feed) partial infrmatin, similar t the methd yur brain uses t remember a wrd n the tip f yur tngue.
Geff Hintn and clleagues further develped the Hpfield netwrk. T d that, Hintn used statistical physics, based n an equatin invented by the nineteenth century physicist Ludwig Bltzmann, creating a “Bltzmann machine.” It can learn— nt frm instructins, but frm 6 (give) examples. A trained Bltzmann machine can recgnize familiar traits (特質(zhì)) in infrmatin it has nt previusly seen. Imagine meeting a friend’s brther r sister, and yu can immediately see that they 7 be related. In a similar way, the Bltzmann machine can recgnize an entirely new example 8 it belngs t a categry fund in the training material.
Hintn has als urged cautin arund the technlgy. Hintn quit his jb as a vice president last year at a tech giant. He said he left because he wanted t be able t share his cncerns abut the risks f artificial intelligence withut wrrying 9 it wuld mean fr his emplyer.
“One f the ways in which these systems might escape cntrl is by writing their wn cmputer cde t mdify 10 ,” Hintn said in a 2023 interview. “That’s smething we need t seriusly wrry abut.”
【答案】
1．which 2．prduces 3．t manage/ t be managed 4．a(chǎn)re credited/were credited 5．fed 6．being given/ given 7．must 8．if/when 9．what 10．themselves
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了2024年諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎得主因機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)領(lǐng)域貢獻(xiàn)獲獎，并討論了AI風(fēng)險。
1．考查定語從句。句意：他們因在機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)領(lǐng)域的根本性發(fā)現(xiàn)而聞名，這為今天人工智能的使用奠定了基礎(chǔ)。根據(jù)空前are和空后paved可知，空處為關(guān)系代詞，引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞為their fundamental discveries，指物，在從句中作主語，故用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)。故填which。
2．考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：軟件接收數(shù)據(jù)，根據(jù)明確的描述進(jìn)行處理，并產(chǎn)生結(jié)果。根據(jù)空前and可知，空處為謂語動詞，和receive并列，表示一般事實(shí)，需用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語為The sftware，謂語需用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填prduces。
3．考查非謂語動詞。句意：在機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)中，計算機(jī)通過示例學(xué)習(xí)，使其能夠解決通過逐步指令無法管理的過于復(fù)雜的問題。根據(jù)空前are t cmplicated可知，空處需用非謂語動詞作后置定語，固定搭配be cmplicated t d sth.“做某事是復(fù)雜的”，可填t manage,也可以構(gòu)成固定搭配t…t…意為“太……而不能……”，修飾prblems，prblems和manage之間為被動關(guān)系，需用t be managed。故填t manage/t be managed。
4．考查時態(tài)語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：Hintn和Hpfield因使用物理學(xué)工具推動該領(lǐng)域的基礎(chǔ)研究而受到贊譽(yù)。根據(jù)空前主語Hintn and Hpfield可知，空處需用謂語動詞作謂語，既可指陳述現(xiàn)在事實(shí)，需用一般現(xiàn)在時，也可指陳述過去事實(shí)，需用一般過去時，主語為Hintn and Hpfield，為復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語需用復(fù)數(shù)形式，和主語之間為被動關(guān)系，需用被動語態(tài)。故填are credited/were credited。
5．考查非謂語動詞。句意：1982年，Hpfield開發(fā)了一種神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型，今天被稱為Hpfield網(wǎng)絡(luò)，用于描述當(dāng)大腦接收到部分信息時如何回憶記憶，這與你的大腦記住舌尖上的單詞的方法相似。根據(jù)空前when可知，此句為when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句的省略句，空處需用非謂語動詞作狀語，when引導(dǎo)的從句中主語為the brain，和feed之間為被動關(guān)系，需用過去分詞形式。故填fed。
6．考查形容詞或動名詞。句意：它可以學(xué)習(xí)——不是從指令中學(xué)習(xí)，而是從給出的例子中學(xué)習(xí)。根據(jù)空前frm和空后examples可知，空處需用形容詞作名詞examples的定語，需用given，意為“特定的”。也可看成動名詞，作介詞frm的賓語，與examples為被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)，需用being given。故填being given/given。
7．考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：想象一下，當(dāng)你遇到朋友的兄弟姐妹時，你肯定可以立刻看出他們有親戚關(guān)系。根據(jù)空前they和空后be可知，空處需用情態(tài)動詞must表示“肯定”。故填must。
8．考查狀語從句。句意：同樣地，Bltzmann機(jī)器可以識別一個全新的例子，如果它屬于訓(xùn)練材料中找到的一個類別。根據(jù)空前can和空后belngs可知，空處需用從屬連詞引導(dǎo)狀語從句，根據(jù)句意可知，空處需用從屬連詞if/when表示“如果/當(dāng)……時”。故填if/when。
9．考查賓語從句。句意：他說他離職是因?yàn)樗肽軌蚍窒硭麑θ斯ぶ悄茱L(fēng)險的擔(dān)憂，而不必?fù)?dān)心這會對他的雇主意味著什么。根據(jù)空前wrrying和空后wuld可知，空處引導(dǎo)賓語從句，作wrrying的賓語，從句中缺少 mean的賓語，指物，需用連接詞what。故填what。
10. 考查代詞。句意：Hintn在2023年的一次采訪中說：“這些系統(tǒng)可能失控的方式之一是通過編寫自己的計算機(jī)代碼來修改自己?！备鶕?jù)空前mdify可知，空處需用代詞作mdify的賓語，指代前面提到的cmputer cde，需用反身代詞themselves。故填themselves。
（2024·上海虹口·一模）Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
Hw t Be Stylish While Prtecting the Envirnment
Despite the huge numbers f peple wh care abut the envirnment and lve clthes, there is a basic cnflict abut being green and being fashinable. This is because the fashin industry depends n a cnstant stream f ever-changing trends, 1 means yu have t keep cnsuming. Hwever, buying 2 awful lt f things that yu dn’t need, in this case new clthes, is harmful t the envirnment. Even s, there are still sme measures yu can take t achieve 3 f the gals.
Firstly, rather than base yur chice f clthes n 4 the fashin industry says yu shuld, chse yur wn lk. If yu d this, yu’ll lk a lt mre like an individual, and prbably 5 (genuinely) stylish. It des nt require any sense f style 6 (cpy) the lks in fashin magazines but develping yur wn certainly des. Yu’ll find that yu buy fewer clthes 7 they aren’t ging in and ut f fashin every week, and this helps the envirnment.
Sme peple think that anther way f achieving this is t buy nly natural materials, like cttn. But the prductin f sme plant-based materials invlves the use f enrmus quantities f pesticides (殺蟲劑). In fact, cttn is an especially dirty crp, with methds 8 (use) in its prductin which can destry the lcal envirnment. If yu want t avid adding t sil and water pllutin in this manner, simply 9 (chse) rganic materials.
In the end, what yu wear is yur chice and n ne wuld suggest that this shuld nt be a free chice. But we hpe that, 10 (read) this, yu will be aware f the impact yur chices may have n the health f ur planet.
【答案】
1．which 2．a(chǎn)n 3．bth/either 4．whatever/what 5．mre genuinely 6．t cpy 7．because/as/since 8．used 9．chse 10．having read/reading
【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了如何在追求時尚的同時保護(hù)環(huán)境，給出了一些具體的建議和措施。
1．考查定語從句。句意：這是因?yàn)闀r尚產(chǎn)業(yè)依賴于不斷變化的潮流，這意味著你必須不斷消費(fèi)。空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞是前句提到的事，在從句中作主語，用which引導(dǎo)。故填which。
2．考查冠詞。句意：然而，買一大堆你不需要的東西，比如新衣服，對環(huán)境是有害的。此處是固定搭配：an awful lt f意為“大量”。故填an。
3．考查代詞。句意：即便如此，你仍然可以采取一些措施來實(shí)現(xiàn)這兩個目標(biāo)?？涨笆莿釉~，所以空處應(yīng)填名詞或者代詞作賓語，根據(jù)句意，此處用固定搭配：bth f意為“兩個都”或者either f意為“任何一個”符合語境。故填bth或者either。
4．考查賓語從句。句意：首先，與其根據(jù)時尚界的說法選擇衣服，不如選擇自己的風(fēng)格?？仗幰龑?dǎo)賓語從句，從句中缺少賓語，可用what引導(dǎo)，也可用whatever（無論什么）引導(dǎo)。故填what或者whatever。
5．考查副詞。句意：如果你這樣做，你會看起來更有個性，也可能更有型。根據(jù)前文mre like以及and可知，前后為并列成分，所以也用比較級。故填mre genuinely。
6．考查非謂語動詞。句意：模仿時尚雜志上的造型并不需要任何風(fēng)格感，但發(fā)展自己的風(fēng)格當(dāng)然需要。此處是“It+及物動詞+賓語+t d”結(jié)構(gòu)，it為形式主語，不定式作真正的主語。故填t cpy。
7．考查狀語從句。句意：你會發(fā)現(xiàn)你買的衣服少了，因?yàn)樗鼈儾皇敲恐芏荚诹餍泻瓦^時，這有助于環(huán)境。根據(jù)句意，空處引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，可用because，as或者since引導(dǎo)。故填because或者as或者since。
8．考查非謂語動詞。句意：事實(shí)上，棉花是一種特別骯臟的作物，它的生產(chǎn)方法會破壞當(dāng)?shù)氐沫h(huán)境。此處是with引導(dǎo)的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，methds和use之間是被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞表被動。故填used。
9．考查祈使句。句意：如果你想避免以這種方式增加土壤和水污染，只需選擇有機(jī)材料。本句是if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，主句為祈使句，動詞用原形。故填chse。
10．考查非謂語動詞。句意：但我們希望，在讀完這篇文章后，你會意識到你的選擇可能對我們這個星球的健康產(chǎn)生的影響。本句已有謂語動詞，所以read用非謂語形式，和邏輯主語yu之間是主動關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞形式，還可理解為動作發(fā)生在“意識到”之前，用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式。故填having read或者reading。

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