熱點(diǎn) 06 校園欺凌 校園欺凌無(wú)疑是今年的火爆熱點(diǎn)之一，它為我們的生活帶來(lái)了極大的便利。今天，選擇的2021年中考英語(yǔ)寫作預(yù)測(cè)話題是：校園欺凌。【預(yù)測(cè)題目】（一）以“How Can We Protect Ourselves at School?”為題，寫一篇80-100詞的英語(yǔ)短文。文中不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)校名和人名。提示：1. 謹(jǐn)慎交友。2. 不參與打架斗毆。3. 面對(duì)校園欺凌怎樣自我保護(hù)。參考詞匯：1. self-protection (自我保護(hù)) 2. bully (n./v.欺凌)3. personal safety(人身安全)4. have violent behaviors (打架斗毆)How Can We Protect Ourselves at School?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】How Can We Protect Ourselves at School?School bullies happen in almost every school. In my school, we sometimes have bullies and some students are hurt, so it is really bad for us to bully others or be bullied at school.We are supposed to stop any school bully when we are in the trouble of it. For example, we should stay calm before a bullying behavior happens. We should always be friendly and helpful when making friends with others. Here are some of my ideas about stopping school bullies. Firstly, we will learn how to have a self-protection because our personal safety is the most important. Secondly, we should be peaceful with others at all times and can’t have any violent behavior. Finally, obeying school rules is also a way to avoid school bullies.I’m hoping that no school bullies will happen at school in the future ,do you think so?（二）近年全國(guó)發(fā)生數(shù)起嚴(yán)重的校園暴力事件，某中學(xué)初三8班圍繞校園安全問題召開主題班會(huì).假定你是班長(zhǎng)李華，以How to protect ourselves in campus violence為標(biāo)題寫一篇發(fā)言稿.主要包括如下內(nèi)容：1．校園暴力事件已引起廣泛關(guān)注. 2．要求每個(gè)學(xué)生都學(xué)習(xí)相關(guān)知識(shí)，增強(qiáng)自身防范能力. 3．遇到校園暴力時(shí)要采取適當(dāng)措施，包括：保持冷靜，判斷清楚自己的處境和可能的危險(xiǎn)；盡一切可能避免人身傷害；及時(shí)報(bào)警.注意：1．詞數(shù)100左右；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫. 參考詞匯：增強(qiáng)—enhance____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】How to protect ourselves in campus violenceDear friends,This year, some seriously violent incidents happened in campus, resulting in very bad results. The incidents of campus violence have drawn widespread attention in our country. Asa student, we should learn some knowledge about how to deal with the violence and enhancethe ability of self-protection. Of course, if we meet the violence, we should take appropriate measures to protect ourselves. At first, we’d better keep calm, judge the situation and beaware of the possible dangers. Then, we should try our best to escape or prevent the violence.At last but not least, we should call the police or teachers as soon as possible to avoid the physical injury. That’s all. Thank you. （一）目前，校園暴力時(shí)有發(fā)生，已經(jīng)危害到中學(xué)生的身心健康。作為中學(xué)生應(yīng)該懂得如何規(guī)范自身的行為習(xí)慣，保護(hù)自身安全，遠(yuǎn)離學(xué)校暴力。請(qǐng)以“規(guī)范自我行為，做個(gè)合格中學(xué)生”為主題寫一篇短文。要點(diǎn)：1）遵守學(xué)校紀(jì)律，聽從老師和家長(zhǎng)的教育，嚴(yán)格要求自己；2）遠(yuǎn)離網(wǎng)吧，按時(shí)上學(xué)和回家；3）待人禮貌友好，不與同學(xué)打架；4）遇到困難多與父母及老師溝通。2.要求：1）文中不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱；2）詞數(shù) 80 左右，開頭已經(jīng)給出，不計(jì)入詞總數(shù)。Campus violence (校園暴力) happens from time to time nowadays. It is harmful to students. It hurts not only our bodies but also our minds. As a student, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Campus violence happens from time to time nowadays. It is harmful to students. It hurts not only our bodies but also our minds. As a student, we should follow the school rules to behave well at school. It's good for us to obey the teachers and parents. Also, we must be strict with ourselves. To be safe, we should keep away from Internet bars, go to school and go back home on time. Besides, we should be polite and friendly to others, and don't fight with classmates. If we have any difficulties in life, it's best to communicate with our teachers and parents. In this way, our school can become safer and safer.【詳解】1.題干解讀：該題目要求根據(jù)“校園暴力”這一社會(huì)現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行討論，就“規(guī)范自我行為，做個(gè)合格中學(xué)生”為主題寫作，寫作時(shí)要包含題目要點(diǎn)提示，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮。2.例文點(diǎn)評(píng)：例文開篇提出校園暴力這一想象，并提出了校園暴力的危害。接下來(lái)緊扣題目要點(diǎn)提出了作為學(xué)生該如何做才能使得校園越來(lái)越安全。信件結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，行文連貫，邏輯關(guān)系縝密，是一篇優(yōu)秀的例文。3.高分亮點(diǎn)：單詞和短語(yǔ)：obey；also；besides；follow the school rules；behave well；be strict with；keep away from；on time；fight with；communicate with；in this way。句型：It's + adj. + for sb. to do sth.；祈使句；if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句。  （二）同學(xué)之間的友誼本該是純真的，但是最近在少數(shù)校園里出現(xiàn)了一些不和諧的現(xiàn)象，有些學(xué)生欺凌(bully)自己的同學(xué)，對(duì)同學(xué)造成了傷害，請(qǐng)你寫一篇80詞左右文章，說說你對(duì)此事的看法， 要求如下：1.寫寫你身邊曾經(jīng)發(fā)生過的或你聽說過的校園欺凌事件(school-bullies )，以及你對(duì)這件事的看法。2.請(qǐng)給那些被欺凌的同學(xué)三點(diǎn)建議，該如何面對(duì)同學(xué)的欺凌。3.呼吁大家都來(lái)阻止校園欺凌，共建平安美好校園。注意：詞數(shù)不少于80。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Recently, I heard that there was an incident of many people beating up a girl. Most of the people involved were between 12 and 16 years old. This is a terrible school-bullies. The incident not only damaged the physical and mental health of girls, but also challenged the moral bottom line of schools, the public and the law.First of all, if you've ever experienced school bullying or are experiencing it, we should be brave enough to say “no” to this kind of behavior. Besides, we can ask teachers and parents for help when we can't handle it ourselves. What’s more, take up the weapon of law and fight against this unhealthy phenomenon.It’s everyone’s duty to make school safe. I hope all of us should be friendly to others and say no to school-bullies.【詳解】1.題干解讀：本文是一篇材料作文，要求就社會(huì)中的校園欺凌現(xiàn)象寫一篇文章。根據(jù)題目要點(diǎn)可知，第一段講述自己聽說或身邊發(fā)生過的校園欺凌事件，并談?wù)勛约簩?duì)事件的看法；第二段闡述我們應(yīng)該怎樣應(yīng)對(duì)校園欺凌行為，提出至少三點(diǎn)建議；最后一段升華主題，呼吁人們構(gòu)建良好的校園環(huán)境。2.寫作指導(dǎo)：本文主題為“校園欺凌”；文章需以第一人稱為主，淺談自己的建議和看法；以一般過去時(shí)敘述校園欺凌事件，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)闡述建議觀點(diǎn)；文章要點(diǎn)要齊全，邏輯要清晰，可使用what’s more、besides等詞匯厘清文章脈絡(luò)，使讀者一目了然。 （三）學(xué)校欺凌現(xiàn)象在各個(gè)國(guó)家都很常見。這種行為無(wú)論是對(duì)受害者還是加害者都造成了嚴(yán)重的心理影響，有些甚至導(dǎo)致悲劇性的結(jié)果。話題：1、你認(rèn)為學(xué)校欺凌現(xiàn)象的原因是什么？2、你有沒有好的方法來(lái)阻止類似現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生？3、你曾經(jīng)有過類似的經(jīng)歷嗎？（無(wú)論是加害者、受害者、旁觀者或阻止者）說說你的故事。注意：以上話題選擇一個(gè)回答即可。注意緊扣話題本身。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Bullying seems to be an issue we hear about in the media more often in recent times. Perhaps because of the popularity of social media on the internet, many people can express their feelings, experiences and opinions a lot easier. What defines bullying is also changing. It used to be the most basic form: physical violence. New students to the school getting pushed against lockers is a common depiction. Nowadays, posting mean messages on someone's internet page can also be considered bullying. Some people's feelings were hurt badly by these ill-intended messages, leading to dire consequences.（四）近年來(lái),校園欺凌事件頻發(fā),備受社會(huì)關(guān)注。緊扣校園欺凌，自由發(fā)揮。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【參考范文】There is a news that makes me shocked. It is said that there happened a violent event in campus which cause 4 students injured and 2 dead. Some reasons arouse in this event.First schools should try to avoid things like this if the students are injured or dead the schools have responsibility to them; second families especially parents should educate their children well give them a good guide and take care of them; third the society should control violent events. If the above three try their best and pay enough attention to them things like this should be avoided.【參考譯文】　　有一個(gè)消息讓我震驚。這是說，發(fā)生在校園，造成4名學(xué)生受傷，2人死亡的暴力事件。一些原因引起這個(gè)事件。首先，學(xué)校應(yīng)該盡量避免這樣的事情，如果學(xué)生受傷或死亡，學(xué)校有責(zé)任的人;其次，家庭，特別是家長(zhǎng)要教育好自己的孩子，給他們一個(gè)很好的引導(dǎo)和照顧他們;第三，社會(huì)應(yīng)該控制暴力事件。如果上述三個(gè)盡最大努力，并給予足夠的重視，這樣的事情應(yīng)該避免。  Meanwhile, you can talk to them who bully you, ask why they do it and put them in your shoes. I am sure everything will be better. There is something unpleasant happening at school. Let’s play a role in building a harmonious schoolI think students should always walk but not run in the hallways.I hope all the students should pay attention to their safety in school.obeying school rules is also a way to avoid school bullies.it is not a good idea to do any bad things to the bullies on my ownIf I meet bullying at school, I will first obey their orders and give them my pocket money to protect myself. I think we should respect each other.I will tell what happened to both my parents and my teachers so that they can help me.           （一）學(xué)校欺凌現(xiàn)象在各個(gè)國(guó)家都很常見。這種行為無(wú)論是對(duì)受害者還是加害者都造成了嚴(yán)重的心理影響，有些甚至導(dǎo)致悲劇性的結(jié)果。話題：1、你認(rèn)為學(xué)校欺凌現(xiàn)象的原因是什么？2、你有沒有好的方法來(lái)阻止類似現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生？3、你曾經(jīng)有過類似的經(jīng)歷嗎？（無(wú)論是加害者、受害者、旁觀者或阻止者）說說你的故事。注意：以上話題選擇一個(gè)回答即可。注意緊扣話題本身。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【參考范文】Bullying, as far as I know, is prevalent in secondary schools. Most of us have seen or even experienced that more or less. Some bullying leads to tragedy consequences, which draw public attention nationwide. I believe there are some factors that contribute to the prevalence of school's bullying.
    Naturally, ‘schooling' should be the most obvious and uninsurable reason that comes into our mind at the beginning, because our children spend most of their time in school and it's the school's responsibility to protect them and eradicate any forms of bullying. Second, ‘parenting' is another important factor that can't be neglected. As we all know, parents are the best teachers for children in this world. Our offspring will imitate everything from wording to the way their parents treat others. Therefore, one can't expect a couple of dominating and violent parents will have a gentle and courteous child. And last, media influence has gradually become an influential force that projects negative impact to children's mind. Some juvenile delinquents who had committed serious crime by bullying their schoolmates confessed that the violence on TV had greatly changed their mind as well as behaviour. （二）請(qǐng)結(jié)合下面兩幅圖片所示內(nèi)容,寫ー篇短文。 要求：1.用約30詞概括上文主要內(nèi)容:2.用約120詞發(fā)表你的觀點(diǎn)，內(nèi)容包括:(1)校園欺凌的危害(至少兩點(diǎn)) :(2) 你對(duì)改變這一現(xiàn)象的建議(至少兩點(diǎn))。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【參考范文】School bullying, thanks to the film Better Days, is now coming under the spotlight. Despite some successful attempts to tackle it, it still takes joint efforts to prevent it happening. (30 words)School bullying can definitely threaten individuals’ growth and undermine social harmony. For one thing, it causes severe psychological trauma to the victims, subjecting them to long-term depression. Worse still, what a vicious cycle if victims follow in the bully’s footsteps! For another, school bullying can make the bully go further to believe in violence and commit crimes.Undoubtedly, only when nipped in the bud can school bullying stop snowballing. First, laws should be in place and give explicit guidelines on what will be done if it occurs. Second, it is urged that schools should maintain clear channels of communication for both victims and bullies so that they do not bottle up their feelings. It is never too late to face school bullying by taking preventive steps. (126 words) （三）請(qǐng)結(jié)合下面兩幅圖片所示內(nèi)容, 以“How to behave(表現(xiàn)）at school?”為題寫ー篇短文。 要求：1.簡(jiǎn)要描述兩幅圖片, 并針對(duì)這些校園欺凌現(xiàn)象談?wù)勛约涸趯W(xué)校應(yīng)該如何做(至少2點(diǎn)）；2.文中不得出現(xiàn)考生真實(shí)的姓名和學(xué)校名稱；3.80個(gè)詞左右, 已給出的部分不計(jì)人總詞數(shù)。參考詞匯：beat, kick, laugh at, respect(尊重), harmonious(和諧的)How to Behave at School?There is something unpleasant happening at school. In Picture One,__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【參考范文】How to Behave at School?    There is something unpleasant happening at school. In Picture Two, two girls are beating their classmate. In Picture One, a group of students are laughing at a poor boy because he failed in the exam.     How rude they are! We should say no to such things. As a student, I think we should respect each other and be friendly to others. If we have different ideas, we’d better discuss instead of fighting. Besides, we should help our classmates when they are in trouble. Let’s play a role in building a harmonious school【解析】這是一篇給材料作文，簡(jiǎn)要描述兩幅圖片, 并針對(duì)這些校園欺凌現(xiàn)象談?wù)勛约涸趯W(xué)校應(yīng)該如何做。結(jié)合所給材料，可知本文主要考查一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，人稱為第一、三人稱，注意主謂一致問題，句子結(jié)構(gòu)主要為系表結(jié)構(gòu)和動(dòng)賓結(jié)構(gòu)，注意一些常見句式的應(yīng)用，比如：There is……，two girls are beating ……，I think we should……，Let’s……等句式的應(yīng)用。寫作中注意運(yùn)用代詞，注意多種句式交替運(yùn)用。寫作中注意敘述順序，符合邏輯關(guān)系。【點(diǎn)睛】本文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)練。開頭介紹了兩幅畫的內(nèi)容，接下來(lái)介紹針對(duì)這些校園欺凌現(xiàn)象談?wù)勛约涸趯W(xué)校應(yīng)該如何做，最后我們?cè)跔I(yíng)建和諧校園應(yīng)起作用。此處a group of, laugh at, each other, be friendly to, be in trouble, play a role in doing sth等這些詞組的運(yùn)用也讓文章增色不少。 （四）假如你是李華,校園英文報(bào)的編輯,近日收到讀者John的來(lái)信，談?wù)摰剿灰恍┩瑢W(xué)欺負(fù)的經(jīng)歷，請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下提示，用英文給John寫一封回信。寫作要點(diǎn): 1. 安慰他不要害怕和差愧；2. 學(xué)校也正在采取相關(guān)措施:1月16日(周四) 晚上8點(diǎn)在學(xué)校會(huì)議室有一個(gè)關(guān)于如何應(yīng)對(duì)校園欺凌的講座。3. 你的建議: (至少兩點(diǎn))寫作要求: 1. 80詞左右，第一句已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。2.必須包含以上寫作要點(diǎn)，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮。3.文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)的姓名和學(xué)校名。4.語(yǔ)句通暢，語(yǔ)法正確，書寫工整。參考詞匯:欺凌 n. bullying   欺凌者 n. bullies   措施n. measuresDear John,I am sorry to learn what has happened to you.____________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【參考范文】Dear John,I am sorry to learn what has happened to you. I think you should be brave to face it and don't be afraid or shamed because it is not your fault.Our school is taking action to solve school bullying. What's more, a lecture on how to deal with bullying will be held in the school conference room on Thursday, Jan.16th, at 8 p.m.In my opinion, you should tell your experience to your teachers and parents, they are adults and they will help you. Meanwhile, you can talk to them who bully you, ask why they do it and put them in your shoes. Tell bullies nobody should be bullied and bullying itself is wrong. I am sure everything will be better. Yours,Li Hua【解析】題干解讀：這是一篇書信作文。要求根據(jù)針對(duì)John的問題和提示的內(nèi)容給John回信。寫作時(shí)要注意語(yǔ)句通順，語(yǔ)意連貫，緊扣要點(diǎn)，注意句子之間的連接與過渡，要注意涵蓋所給提示。例文點(diǎn)評(píng)：例文采用三段式；時(shí)態(tài)選用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；將題目要求的要點(diǎn)都很好地融入到文章當(dāng)中，表達(dá)出自己的觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度。高分亮點(diǎn)：短語(yǔ)：happen to；take action；In my opinion；Meanwhile等。句型：Meanwhile, you can talk to them who bully you, ask why they do it and put them in your shoes.   使用了定語(yǔ)從句和賓語(yǔ)從句。I am sure everything will be better.  使用了賓語(yǔ)從句。【點(diǎn)睛】首先認(rèn)真審題，看清文章的要求和要點(diǎn)；其次，理順自己的行文思路；再次緊扣要點(diǎn)，注意句子之間的連接與過渡；最后要仔細(xì)檢查是否有單詞拼寫錯(cuò)誤和標(biāo)點(diǎn)的誤用等，還要注意是否出現(xiàn)語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤，有無(wú)重復(fù)遺漏，大小寫是否正確，詞數(shù)是否符合要求等。 

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