UNIT 5 Humans and natureSection Ⅲ　Reading & Writing細(xì)讀P41教材課文，選擇最佳答案。1．If an earthquake happens，what shouldn't you do in the classroom?A．Go to the corner of the classroom.B．Stay in the classroom.C．Cover your head and neck with your hands.D．Sit on the floor next to a sturdy furniture.2．If an earthquake happens，what should you do when you're outdoors?A．Moving to some buildings to shelter yourself.B．Observing carefully after you move.C．Finding shelter to protect you from objects.D．Holding on streetlights.3．If an earthquake happens，what should you do when you're in a car?A．Trying to stop under a tree.B．Stay calm and run out of your car.C．Trying to find some strong bridges to protect yourself.D．Stopping immediately and stay in the car.[答案]　1—3　CCDWords and Phrases　hold on 抓??；挺住；堅持住；(打電話)別掛斷(教材P41) Hold on to your shelter until the shaking stops.在避難所堅持住直到搖晃停止。[例1]　HOLD ON and don't let go until I say so.握緊，我讓你松手時再松開。[例2]　The manager asked him to hold on while he investigated.經(jīng)理讓他稍等一會，他去調(diào)查一下。[造句]　我們的工作是堅持我們想的想法。Our job is to hold on to the thoughts of what we want.[知識拓展]hold up　　 支撐起；承受?。谎舆t，阻礙；搶劫hold on to   抓緊；不放開；保留；堅持hold back   阻擋；阻攔；隱瞞；控制hold down   壓制；限制hold out   (在困境中)堅持；伸出；提供；維持；忍耐[即學(xué)即練]①He was imprisoned for 19 years yet held on to his belief in his people.②Can you hold on to those tickets for me?　shelter vi. & vt.躲避；保護(hù)n.住處；遮蔽物；避難所(教材P41)Find a shelter where you can stay.找一個你能停留的避難所。[例1]　The wall sheltered the soldiers from gunfire.這堵墻擋住了攻擊士兵的炮火。[例2]　Human beings need food，clothing and shelter.人類有衣、食、住的需求。[造句]　我們在一處門廊里避雨。We sheltered from the rain in a doorway.[知識拓展]shelter sb./sth.from...　 庇護(hù)某人/物免受……seek/take shelter from...   躲避……give/afford sb.shelter    庇護(hù)某人[即學(xué)即練]①You can't shelter your brother from blame in the accident.②The high fence gives/affords(us) some shelter from the wind.③We took shelter from the heavy rain in a farmhouse.④He gave the stranger shelter for a night.　observe vt.觀察；觀測；遵守；慶祝(教材P41) Observe carefully before you move away.在你離開前仔細(xì)觀察。[例1]　Tom observed a stranger enter his garden.湯姆注意到一個陌生人進(jìn)入了他的花園。[例2]　American forces are observing Christmas quietly.美國部隊正在悄悄地慶祝圣誕節(jié)。[造句]　他將與家人一起慶祝感恩節(jié)。He will observe Thanksgiving with family members.[知識拓展](1)observe that...　 看到……observe sb.do/doing sth.   看到某人做/正在做某事(2)observation n.   注意，觀察[即學(xué)即練]①The policeman observed the man enter the bank./The man was observed to enter (enter)the bank by the policeman.②Most information was collected by direct observation(observe)of the animals' behaviour.[名師點(diǎn)津]observe用于被動時，作主語補(bǔ)足語的不定式須帶to。　as well as 和；同；又(教材P43) It has a total area of 270，000 square kilometres and has two large islands(the North Island and the South Island)，as well as other smaller islands.它總面積是270，000平方公里，有兩個大島(北島和南島)和另外一些小島。[例1]　They visited some factories，hospitals as well as the school.他們參觀了這所學(xué)校，還參觀了工廠和醫(yī)院。[例2]　Television is another major instrument of communication，permitting us to see as well as hear the performer.電視是另一種主要的通訊電器，使我們能夠欣賞和聆聽表演者。[造句]　老人和兒童一樣喜歡這部電影。The old people as well as the children like this film.[知識拓展](1)as well as可連接并列的單詞或短語。(2)as well as連接兩個謂語動詞時，它們的時態(tài)應(yīng)保持一致。(3)如果as well as前面是動詞不定式，那么其后的動詞也是不定式，但to要省略。(4)由as well as連接的復(fù)合主語并不影響謂語動詞的數(shù)。(5)as well as連接的人稱代詞既可以是主格也可以是賓格，但句意不同。[即學(xué)即練]①It is unpleasant in summer as well as in winter.②Helen as well as I is(be) eager to see the performance.　as a result結(jié)果；由于(教材P45)  As a result，a decision is made to kill the wolves，...結(jié)果，殺死狼的決定做出了，……[例1]　As a result，the bad thing has been turned into a good one.結(jié)果壞事變成了好事。[例2]　He worked hard at his study.As a result，he passed the exam easily.由于努力學(xué)習(xí)，他輕松通過了這次考試。[造句]　結(jié)果討論被推遲到了下星期。As a result, the discussion was put off until the following week.[知識拓展]result in　 導(dǎo)致，造成result from    由于，由……引起as a result of    由于[即學(xué)即練]①The earthquake resulted in more than 2，000 persons' death.②Children's fear and dislike of books may result from being made to read aloud before others.③He was ill.As a result，he was late for class.＝As a result of his illness，he was late for class.Sentence Patterns　對過去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)(教材P45) If people hadn't taken the meat，the wolves would have left the farmers' sheep alone.如果人們不把肉拿走，狼就不會打擾農(nóng)民的羊了。句式分析：本句是一個虛擬條件句，表示對過去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)；if從句用had done形式，主句用would/should/could have done形式。[例1]　If I had seen the film，I would have told you about it.我如果看過這場電影，我早就把電影內(nèi)容告訴你了。[例2]　Columbus could never have found America if he had not been curious.哥倫布如果不曾好奇，就不會發(fā)現(xiàn)美洲大陸。[造句]　如果我早點(diǎn)到那兒，我就會見到李先生。If I had got there earlier，I would have met Mr.Li.[知識拓展](1)對現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬，條件句用一般過去時，主句謂語用“would/should/might/could＋動詞原形”。(2)對將來情況的虛擬，條件句中謂語動詞可用should do，were to do或動詞的過去式三種形式，但意義略有不同。should do表示的可能性最大，動詞過去式的可能性次之，were to do的可能性最小。主句謂語用“would/should/might/could＋動詞原形”。[即學(xué)即練]①If I were(be) you，I would choose to work in a small town.②If it snowed(snow) tomorrow，our plan would be postponed.數(shù)字計算題數(shù)字計算題屬于細(xì)節(jié)理解題的范疇，在閱讀過程中應(yīng)該著重把握和數(shù)字有關(guān)的信息，進(jìn)行整合，最終得出結(jié)果。[例文]PRIZES：Cash prizes will be awarded for first，second and third place winners in each of the five categories.Each first place poster goes to the national poster competition.方法技巧：具體的計算題可以是對年代的計算、月份的計算或比例的計算等。文章中經(jīng)常會出現(xiàn)許多數(shù)字，它們對解題產(chǎn)生一定的影響。解答此類試題的方法是先來理解文章的大意，然后經(jīng)過對比、分析、計算等就能夠得出正確的答案。◆How many prizes will be awarded in total?A．3.　　　B．5.　　　C．15.　　　D．20.[答案]　C請快速計算出下面這段文字中提及的數(shù)字。Boston：HubwayStation：Tremont St.& West St.How much：6 for a 24-hour pass.How it works：The first 30 minutes are included in the pass；2 for the second 30 minutes；4 for the third 30 minutes；later 8 for every half an hour.◆If you visit Boston by riding Hubway bike for 3 hours，you have to pay        ．A．6 B．30  C．20 D．36[答案]　D 

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高中英語北師大版 (2019)必修 第二冊電子課本

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