UNIT 5 Humans and natureSection Ⅱ　Lesson 2 & Lesson 3Ⅰ.匹配詞義A．單詞匹配(　　)1.rescue　　 A．n.洲，大洲；大陸(　　)2.trap B．n.隊長；組長(　　)3.interrupt   C．n.& vt.營救；救援(　　)4.damage D．vt.估量，衡量；測量(　　)5.measure   E．adv.附近(　　)6.captain   F．n.& vt.努力，嘗試，企圖(　　)7.prove   G．n.傷害，損傷，損害(　　)8.continent   H．vt.打斷講話(　　)9.attempt   I．vt.困住；使陷入危險中(　　)10.nearby   J．vt.證明；證實[答案]　1—5　FDIGJ　6—10　ACHBEB．短語匹配(　　)1.on one's way to　 A．吸氣(　　)2.make progress B．用完；耗盡(　　)3.carry on   C．為……做準備(　　)4.all the way D．取得進步(　　)5.get into   E．停止運轉(zhuǎn)；出故障(　　)6.breathe in   F．在某人去某地的路上(　　)7.in preparation for G．一路上；一直(　　)8.at one time   H．曾經(jīng)；一度(　　)9.run out   I．繼續(xù)(　　)10.break down   J．陷入；染上[答案]　1—5　FDIGJ　6—10　ACHBEⅡ.默寫單詞1．vehicle n． 交通工具，車輛2．death n.   死亡，死3．operation n.   行動，活動；手術(shù)；操作4．process n.   過程，進程5．battle n.   較量；競爭；斗爭；戰(zhàn)斗6．protection n.   保護；防護7．polar adj.   極地的，地極的8．exploration n.   探險；探索9．base n.   基地，大本營；基礎(chǔ)vt.   以……為基地10．dust n.   灰塵；塵埃Ⅰ.語境填詞loss；suffering；prove；vehicle；continent；breathe；site；duty；dust；ambition1．Asia is the largest of the continents of the world.2．They hope this new evidence will prove her innocence.3．She never achieved her ambition of becoming a famous writer.4．A cloud of dust rose as the truck drove off.5．He breathed deeply before speaking again.6．Death finally brought an end to her suffering．7．It is my duty to report it to the police.8．A site has been chosen for the new school.9．The closure of the factory will lead to a number of job losses．10．This vehicle was parked on private property.Ⅱ.語法填空之派生詞1．The birth of her son was a minor interruption(interrupt) to her career.2．We took a wrong turn and got lost(loss) in the mountains.3．He underwent a three-hour heart operation(operate)．4．This war has caused widespread human suffering(suffer)．5．He asked to be put under police protection(protect)．6．We had to stop for breath(breathe) before we got to the top.7．The team has been training hard in preparation(prepare) for the big game.8．The pilot studied his instruments anxiously(anxious)．9．We are looking for an ambitious(ambition) young assistant.10．Our parents live some distance(distant) away.1．While he was on the way to Antarctica，he received a message from the Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen which said he was going south，too.在去南極洲的路上，他收到了挪威探險家羅爾德·阿蒙森的一封信，信中說他也要南下。2．First，his two sledges broke down and then the horses began to have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold.先是他的兩輛雪橇壞了，后來馬匹開始在大雪和嚴寒的天氣下出現(xiàn)嚴重問題。3．Putting on our shoes in the morning is getting slower and slower.早上穿上鞋子的速度也越來越慢了。4．The next to go was Captain Oates，who was having great difficulty walking.接下來離開的是奧茨船長，他行走非常困難。5．Scott had failed to win the race to the Pole，but the great courage shown by Scott and his men made them heroes.斯科特沒能贏得去極地的比賽，但他和他的手下表現(xiàn)出的巨大勇氣使他們成為英雄。詞語助讀①Robert Falcon Scott羅伯特·法爾肯·斯科特(1868—1912)，出生于英國德文郡普利茅斯，英國海軍軍官、極地探險家，人們稱他為“斯科特船長”(Captain Scott)。②Roald Amundsen羅爾德·阿蒙森(1872—1928)，挪威極地探險家。他在探險史上獲得了兩個“第一”：第一個航行于西北航道；第一個到達南極點。③base n．基地④in preparation for為……做準備⑤anxiously adv.焦慮地；不安地⑥pull v．拉；拖；拽⑦sledge n．雪橇⑧skis n．滑雪板⑨make progress取得進步；取得進展⑩break down 拋錨；(機器等)壞了?after a while過了一會；過了不久?shocked adj.震驚的shock v．使震驚shocking adj.令人震驚的?ambition n．抱負，雄心；追求，夙愿ambitious adj.有抱負的；有雄心壯志的?exploration n．探險；探索explore v．探險；探索explorer n．探險者；勘察者?run out of 用完；用光(人作主語)run out用完；耗盡(物作主語)?realise v．意識到?hopeless 無助的；絕望的?cheerful adj.快樂的，高興的?on one's way在某人去……的路上?all the way一路上；一直at one time以前；曾經(jīng)distant adj.遙遠的；疏遠的continent n．洲；大洲have difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事有困難carry on繼續(xù)carry out執(zhí)行；實施courage n．勇敢；勇氣courageous adj.勇敢的；有勇氣的原文呈現(xiàn)RACE TO THE POLEOn 1 June，1910，Captain Robert Falcon Scott① left London to begin his journey to Antarctica.While he was on the way to Antarctica，he received a message from the Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen② which said he was going south，too.[1] Then the race to the South Pole began![1]which引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞message。During the polar summer of 1910—1911，both teams organised food bases③ in preparation for④ their journeys the next year.Then came the total darkness of the polar winter.[2] Scott and Amundsen waited anxiously⑤ for spring.[2]本句是一個完全倒裝句，then置于句首，謂語came提前。Amundsen was the first to leave on 8 September，1911.[3] He had teams of dogs pulling⑥ the sledges⑦ and all his men were on skis⑧.Because of this，he made rapid progress⑨.Scott left on 1 November and soon had problems.First，his two sledges broke down⑩ and then the horses began to have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold.After a while?，Scott and his men had to push the sledges themselves.[3]不定式to leave作定語修飾the first。Amudsen reached the Pole on 14 December，1911 and put a Norwegian flag there.Then he prepared for the return journey.Amundsen and his team arrived safely back to their starting base on 25 January，1912，ten days ahead of their planned schedule.Scott finally arrived at the Pole with four team members on 17 January，1912.They were shocked? when they saw the Norwegian flag.Scott wrote in his diary：“Well，we have now lost the goal of our ambition? and must face 800 miles of hard pushing——and goodbye to most of our dreams.”The return journey was one of the worst in the history of exploration?.The men were soon very tired and were running out of? food.The weather conditions were terrible.Scott started to realise? their hopeless? situation：“We are very cheerful?，but what each man feels in his heart I can only guess.Putting on our shoes in the morning is getting slower and slower.”However，on their way? back they found time to look for rocks.They carried twenty kilos of rocks all the way? with them.Later，these rocks proved that at one time in the distant past，the continent of Antarctica was covered by plants.Then disaster came.Edgar Evans had a terrible disease and died after a bad fall.The next to go was Captain Oates，who was having great difficulty walking.Scott recorded his death：“He said，‘I'm just going outside and may be some time.’...We knew that poor Oates was walking to his death，but though we tried to stop him，we knew that it was the act of a brave man and an English gentleman.We all hope to meet the end with a similar spirit，and certainly the end is not far.”Scott and two of his team members carried on and got within eleven miles of one of their food bases.But then a terrible storm started and they could not leave their tent.Scott spent some of his last hours writing.He wrote a letter full of sadness to his wife Kathleen：“I could tell you lots and lots about this journey.What stories you would have for the boy...but what a price to pay.”Scott's diary also told the story of their end：“We are getting weaker and weaker and the end can't be far.It seems a pity，but I do not think I can write more.”The news of Scott's death shocked the world.Even Amundsen was moved by Scott's death saying“Captain Scott left a record，for honesty，sincerity，for bravery，for everything that makes a man”Scoot had failed to win the race to the Pole，but the great courage shown by Scott and his men made them heroes.譯文參考南極的比賽1910年6月1日，羅伯特·法爾肯·斯科特船長離開倫敦，開始南極洲之旅。在去南極洲的路上，他收到了挪威探險家羅爾德·阿蒙森的一封信，信中說他也要南下。然后，去南極的比賽開始了！1910—1911年的極地夏季，兩個隊伍都建立了食物儲存處，為他們明年的旅程做準備。接著漆黑的極地冬夜開始了。斯科特和阿蒙森都焦急地等待著春天來臨。1911年9月8日，阿蒙森第一個離開。他讓成群的狗拉著雪橇，所有的人都在滑雪板上。正因如此，他進展很快。斯科特于11月1日離開，不久就出現(xiàn)了問題。先是他的兩輛雪橇壞了，后來馬匹開始在大雪和嚴寒的天氣下出現(xiàn)嚴重問題。過了不久，斯科特和他的隊員們不得不自己推雪橇。1911年12月14日，阿蒙森到達南極，并在那里插上挪威國旗。然后他準備返回。阿蒙森和他的隊友們在1912年1月25日平安回到起始基地，比計劃的時間還提前了十天。1912年1月17日，斯科特和4名隊員終于到達了南極。他們看到挪威國旗時感到非常震驚。斯科特在日記中寫道：“好吧，我們現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)失去了雄心壯志的目標，并且必須面對800英里的艱苦跋涉——告別我們大部分人的夢想?！?/span>這次返程是探險史上最糟糕的一次。隊員們很快就精疲力竭，食物也快吃完了。天氣很糟糕。斯科特開始意識到他們的絕望處境：“我們很開心，但每個人心里的感受我只能猜測。早上穿鞋子的速度也越來越慢了?！?/span>然而，在回來的路上，他們找時間搜集巖石。他們一路上帶著20公斤的石塊。后來，這些石塊可以證實，在遙遠的過去，南極洲曾經(jīng)被植物覆蓋。然后災(zāi)難來了。埃德加·埃文斯得了重病，摔了一跤就死了。接下來離開的是奧茨船長，他行走非常困難。斯科特記錄了他的死亡：“他說，‘我正要出去，也許得一段時間……’我們知道可憐的奧茨正在走向死亡，但盡管我們試圖阻止他，我們都知道這是一個勇敢的人和一個英國紳士的行為。我們都希望以類似的精神迎接結(jié)束，當(dāng)然結(jié)束也不遠了。”斯科特和兩名隊員繼續(xù)向前，到達距離食品儲存處不足11英里的地方。但緊接著一場可怕的風(fēng)暴開始了，他們根本不能離開帳篷。斯科特花了他最后幾個小時的時間寫作。他給妻子凱瑟琳寫了一封充滿悲傷的信：“我可以告訴你很多關(guān)于這次旅行的事情。你會給我們的孩子講些什么故事呢……但要付出多大的代價。”斯科特的日記也講述了他們的結(jié)局：“我們越來越虛弱，結(jié)局不可能太遠。這似乎很遺憾，但我認為我不能再寫更多了。”斯科特去世的消息震驚了全世界。就連阿蒙森也被斯科特的死感動了，他說“斯科特船長為誠實、真誠、勇敢以及一切造就一個男人的品質(zhì)留下了記錄?！彪m然他沒能贏得去南極的比賽，但斯科特和他的隊員們所展現(xiàn)出的巨大勇氣使他們成為英雄。 

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高中英語北師大版 (2019)必修 第二冊電子課本

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