2022屆高考英語高頻閱讀詞組+練習(xí)（五十五）一：詞組梳理1．on duty  上班,值班2．on earth  究竟,到底 3．on fire  起火，著火4．on foot  步行5．on guard  站崗,值班6．on hand  在場,在手邊 7．on occasion(s)  有時,間或8．on one's own  獨立,獨自 9．on purpose  故意地10．on sale  出售,廉價出售 11．on schedule  按時間表,準(zhǔn)時12．on second thoughts  經(jīng)重新考慮 13．on the contrary  正相反14．on the grounds of  根據(jù),以...為由 15．on (the) one hand  一方面16．on the other hand  另一方面 17．on the point of  即將...的時刻18．on the road  在旅途中 19．on the side  作為兼職/副業(yè)20．on the spot  在場;馬上 21．on the whole  總的來說,大體上22．on time  準(zhǔn)時 23．once again  再一次24．once(and)for all  一勞永逸地 25．once in a while  偶爾26．once more  再一次 27．once upon a time  從前28．one another  相互 29．or else  否則,要不然30．or so  大約,左右 31．other than  非;除了32．out of  從...中;由于;缺乏 33．out of breath  喘不過氣來34．out of control  失去控制 35．out of date  過時的36．out of doors  在戶外 37．out of order  出故障的38．out of place  不合適的，不在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢?39．out of practice 久不練習(xí),荒疏40．out of sight  看不見,在視野外 二：習(xí)題訓(xùn)練（A）　If you've ever had to chop an onion, you probably know that it's one of the most annoying cooking experiences. It just fills your eyes with tears. Scientists and farmers have been working on a solution to this problem for decades, and they've apparently come up with a tearless onion.Called the “Sunion”, this new vegetable is the result of a natural cross-breeding program that's been going on farms in Nevada and Washington since the 1980s. It's supposedly a sweet, mild-tasting onion that doesn't leave that strong, pungent aftertaste, but what really sets it apart from most other onion varieties is that it doesn't cause teary eyes when it's chopped.When you cut into a normal onion, it releases a compound called lachrymatory-factor synthase, and when that hits your eyes, your body produces tears. Now, the interesting thing about regular onions is that the amounts of lachrymatory-factor synthase increase the longer the vegetables are stored, so the older they are, the more you will cry. In Sunions, on the other hand, the levels of that annoying compound drop as time goes by, until it no longer has any effect on your eyes when you cut it.That's what Sunion growers are claiming anyway, but reports from those lucky enough to have tried them seem to confirm these claims. The Huffington Post had three of its reporters chop some Sunions, and apparently, none of them shed a single tear. According to the Washington Post, they don't have the pungency of regular onions and are so sweet that you can eat them “l(fā)ike popcorn”.So the good news is that tearless onions are now a real thing. The bad news is that they are currently only grown in Washington and Nevada, and even though they are sold nationwide, they are still in relatively short supply. The first Sunion batches hit the shelves of grocery stores in December, but we'll probably start seeing them in most grocery shops and supermarkets in the next few years, as more people learn about them.1.What is special about the Sunion?A.It's easily chopped.B.It's sweet and tastes strong.C.It's tearless and mild.D.It's grown nationwide in the USA.2.How does the author introduce the Sunion in Paragraph 3?A.By comparison.B.By telling a story.C.By giving examples.D.By asking questions.3.What does the underlined word “pungency” in Paragraph 4 mean?A.Round shape.     B.Strong smell.    C.Special character. D.Medical function.4.What can we conclude from the last paragraph?A.The Sunion has been largely on the market.B.The Sunion is still on trial at present.C.The Sunion will soon be grown worldwide.D.The author is confident about the future of the Sunion.（B）A desert doesn't sound like the most promising place to plant a tree. Yet, since 1978, China has planted at least 66 billion of them across its arid(干旱的) northern territories, 　1　(hope) to transform its sandhills into a Great Green Wall. The tree-planting strategy is 　2　 massive attempt to help fight desertification(沙漠化). 　3　(Rough) a million square miles of China—a quarter of the country—is covered in sand. Many scientists are skeptical as to whether planting trees will make a difference in the long run. But China's State Forestry Administration claims the measure 　4　 (reduce) sandstorms by 20 percent and desertification by nearly 5,000 miles in recent years. Ian Teh, who lives in Malaysia but 　5　 (work) throughout Asia, documents humans' influence 　6　the landscape. Over six days in May 2016, he photographed the tree-planting 　7　(plan) in the Gobi Desert in northern China. They seemed to be 　8　 (success) in places like Duolun County, some 220 miles north of Beijing, 　9　the government has planted 2.6 million trees over the past 17 years. The places became almost grassy. “To be honest, 　10　is hard to imagine it was ever a desert at all,”he says.    答案及解析A[語篇解讀]　有過切洋蔥經(jīng)歷的人一定會印象深刻:兩眼淚水。美國兩個州研究出了一種新型的洋蔥,不會讓人流淚而且還可以像吃玉米花那樣吃它。1.C　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句中的they've apparently come up with a tearless onion及第二段中It's supposedly a sweet, mild-tasting onion that doesn't leave that strong, pungent aftertaste, but what really sets it apart from most other onion varieties is that it doesn't cause teary eyes when it's chopped.可知這種洋蔥不會讓人流眼淚且氣味不濃。故選C項。2.A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段可知,作者用普通洋蔥與新型洋蔥進行比較,故作者是運用了比較法。故選A項。3.B　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)其后半句are so sweet that you can eat them “l(fā)ike popcorn”可以猜測出pungency是“刺激性氣味”之意。故選B項。4.D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中The first Sunion batches hit the shelves of grocery stores in December,but we'll probably start seeing them in most grocery shops and supermarkets in the next few years,as more people learn about them.可知作者對Sunion的未來很有信心。故選D。B[語篇解讀]　馬來西亞一位攝影記者拍攝了中國植樹造林改造荒漠計劃的實施和取得的成就。1.hoping　考查非謂語動詞。逗號后的部分應(yīng)該是非謂語動詞作狀語。hope與其邏輯主語China之間是主動關(guān)系,所以要用v.-ing形式。2.a　考查冠詞。句意:植樹造林戰(zhàn)略是一個大規(guī)模的與沙漠化作斗爭的嘗試?？疾椴欢ü谠~表示泛指意思:一次大規(guī)模嘗試。3.Roughly　考查副詞。粗略估計,中國有一百萬平方英里的土地被沙漠覆蓋著。句首用副詞形式來修飾整個句子。4.has reduced　考查動詞時態(tài)。空格處是從句的謂語,根據(jù)時間狀語in recent years可知此處要用現(xiàn)在完成時,且主語是單數(shù)形式,故填has reduced。5.works　考查動詞時態(tài)。but連接兩個并列的謂語動詞lives和works。6.on　考查介詞。此處表達:記錄下人類對地貌產(chǎn)生的影響。根據(jù)have an influence on可知答案為介詞on。7.plans　考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。他拍攝了中國北方戈壁沙漠的植樹造林計劃。根據(jù)下一句中的代詞They可知此處要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。8.successful　考查形容詞。這些計劃在一些地方好像非常成功?？崭裉幰眯稳菰~作表語。9.where　考查定語從句?？崭裉幰龑?dǎo)的是定語從句,修飾先行詞places,where在定語從句中充當(dāng)?shù)攸c狀語。10.it　考查It is/was+adj.+to do sth.句式。表達“做某事是……的”,其中it作形式主語。 

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