2022屆高考英語(yǔ)高頻閱讀詞組+練習(xí)（三十二）一：詞組梳理1．落后,落伍 fall behind , 落后于時(shí)代behind the times2．the news , the truth , the fact , the idea后用that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句3．信不信由你believe it or not , 坦率地說(shuō)frankly speaking=to be frank4．屬于 belong to (無(wú)進(jìn)行時(shí),無(wú)被動(dòng)) The book belongs to me5．受益,獲益于benefit from / benefit sb a lot6．最好做某事情 had better do sth / had better not do sth7．It is better to do sth / It is better not to do sth8．not a bit=not at all 一點(diǎn)也不 , not a little=very非常9．一只眼失明be blind in one eye10．對(duì)…厭煩be bored with=be tired of =be fed up with11．borrow sth from sb 從某人那里借進(jìn)某物 , lend sth to sb向某人借出某物12．buy sth from sb 向某人買某物, buy sth for sb為某人買了某物13．bread and butter, when and where , knife and fork , law and order,14．each man and (each) woman , every boy and (every)girl 以上詞組做主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)15．違反法律break the law , 闖入break into , (戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng),火災(zāi)的)爆發(fā) break out16．機(jī)器壞了,精神垮了break down17．屏住呼吸catch /hold one`s breath , 上氣不接下氣out of breath18．河上的橋the bridge over the river , 桌上的書the book on the desk19．bring sb up 撫養(yǎng)某人=raise sb, sb grow up某人長(zhǎng)大成人20．count on 指望21．cut away 砍掉22．cut down 削減23．cut off 打斷,中斷24．cut out 刪掉25．dedicate …to 奉獻(xiàn)26．depend on 依靠,依賴 27．die back 枯死28．die down 逐漸消失;止息29．die off 相繼死去30．die out 消失;死絕31．difference in 在……方面的差別 32．do something for/to 改進(jìn),增強(qiáng) 33．doubt about 懷疑 34．due to 由于,因?yàn)?35．dwell on 利用 36．enter for 報(bào)名參加37．enter into 開(kāi)始 (談話,討論)38．entertain a proposal 愿意考慮這建設(shè) 39．entertain an idea 抱著一種想法 40．even if 甚至,即使 41．even though (雖然,盡管)表讓步42．ever since (自從之后,從此以后)表時(shí)間43．faithful to 忠心于 44．fall from 從…落下45．far from 毫不,遠(yuǎn)非 46．favor of 喜歡 47．figure out 計(jì)算出 48．find out 查明 49．focus on 集中于,集中研究 50．followed by 接著是51．for all 盡管52．for example 舉例來(lái)說(shuō) 53．for instance 和 such as 都表示舉例,前者常接句子,后者常接名詞或名詞短語(yǔ)54．for instance 例如 55．for the purpose of 為了┄目的56．for the sake of 為了……起見(jiàn) 57．frankly speaking 坦白來(lái)說(shuō) 58．freedom from 免于……(的自由)59．from all appearances 從所能見(jiàn)到和所能知道的情況判斷二：習(xí)題訓(xùn)練（A） How could we possibly think that keeping animals in cages in unnatural environments－mostly for entertainment purposes－is fair and respectful?Zoo officials say they are concerned about animals. However, most zoos remain “collections” of interesting “things” rather than protective habitats. Zoos teach people that it is acceptable to keep animals bored, lonely, and far from their natural homes.Zoos claim to educate people and save endangered species, but visitors leave zoos without having learned anything meaningful about the animals’ natural behavior, intelligence, or beauty. Zoos keep animals in small spaces or cages, and most signs only mention the species’ name, diet, and natural range(分布區(qū)). The animals’ normal behavior is seldom noticed because zoos don’t usually take care of the animals’ natural needs.The animals are kept together in small spaces, with no privacy and little opportunity for mental and physical exercise. This results in unusually self-destructive behavior called zoochosis. A worldwide study of zoos found that zoochosis is common among animals kept in small spaces or cages. Another study showed that elephants spend 22 percent of their time making repeated head movements or biting cage bars, and bears spend 30 percent of their time walking back and forth, a sign of unhappiness and pain.Furthermore, most animals in zoos are not endangered. Captive breeding(圈養(yǎng)繁殖) of endangered big cats, Asian elephants, and other species has not resulted in their being sent back to the wild. Zoos talk a lot about their captive breeding programs because they do not want people to worry about a species dying out. In fact, baby animals also attract a lot of paying customers. Haven’t we seen enough competitions to name baby animals?Actually, we will save endangered species only if we save their habitats and put an end to the reasons people kill them. Instead of supporting zoos, we should support groups that work to protect animals’ natural habitats.1．In the state of zoochosis, animals _________.A．remain in cages B．behave strangelyC．attack other animals D．enjoy moving around2．What does the author try to argue in the passage?A．Zoos are not worth the public support.B．Zoos fail in their attempt to save animals.C．Zoos should treat animals as human beings.D．Zoos use animals as a means of entertainment.3．The author tries to persuade readers to accept his argument mainly by _________.A．pointing out the faults in what zoos doB．using evidence he has collected at zoosC．questioning the way animals are protectedD．discussing the advantages of natural habitats4．Although he argues against zoos, the author would still agree that __________.A．zoos have to keep animals in small cagesB．most animals in zoos are endangered speciesC．some endangered animals are reproduced in zoosD．it’s acceptable to keep animals away from their habitats（B）According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years   1  (long) than non-runners. You don’t have to run fast or for long   2   (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of   3   (die) early by running. While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it   4   (be) more effective at lengthening life   5   walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014   6   showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all   7   (cause).The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise … it’s probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to   8   (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it’s always   9   (energy). If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give   10   a try. 答案及解析A【答案】BAAC【解析】這是一篇議論文。文章講述了作者對(duì)動(dòng)物園的看法，作者認(rèn)為動(dòng)物園的動(dòng)物并不快樂(lè)，而且呼吁我們?nèi)ブС帜切┱嬲秊楸Ｗo(hù)野生動(dòng)物棲息地的工作。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Another study showed that elephants spend 22 percent of their time making repeated head movements or biting cage bars, and bears spend 30 percent of their time walking back and forth, a sign of unhappiness and pain.”可知，另一項(xiàng)研究顯示，大象花22%的時(shí)間重復(fù)頭部運(yùn)動(dòng)或咬籠子的柵欄，熊則花30%的時(shí)間來(lái)回走動(dòng)，這是不快樂(lè)和痛苦的表現(xiàn)。由此可知，在動(dòng)物精神病狀態(tài)下，動(dòng)物的行為很奇怪。故選B項(xiàng)。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“ Instead of supporting zoos, we should support groups that work to protect animals’ natural habitats.”可知，我們應(yīng)該支持保護(hù)動(dòng)物自然棲息地的團(tuán)體，而不是支持動(dòng)物園。由此可知，作者在文中試圖論證 動(dòng)物園不值得公眾支持。故選A項(xiàng)。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段 However, most zoos remain “collections” of interesting “things” rather than protective habitats. Zoos teach people that it is acceptable to keep animals bored, lonely, and far from their natural homes.可知，然而，大多數(shù)動(dòng)物園仍然是有趣的“東西”的“集合”，而不是保護(hù)性的棲息地。動(dòng)物園告訴人們，讓動(dòng)物感到無(wú)聊、孤獨(dú)和遠(yuǎn)離自然家園是可以接受的。根據(jù)第三段Zoos claim to educate people and save endangered species, but visitors leave zoos without having learned anything meaningful about the animals’ natural behavior, intelligence, or beauty.動(dòng)物園聲稱教育人們和拯救瀕危物種，但游客離開(kāi)動(dòng)物園時(shí)卻沒(méi)有了解到動(dòng)物的自然行為、智力或美麗。根據(jù)第四段The animals are kept together in small spaces, with no privacy and little opportunity for mental and physical exercise. This results in unusually self-destructive behavior called zoochosis.  動(dòng)物們被關(guān)在一起的空間很小，很少有運(yùn)動(dòng)的機(jī)會(huì)。這導(dǎo)致了一種異常的自我毀滅行為，稱之為動(dòng)物精神病。由此判斷出，作者主要通過(guò)指出動(dòng)物園的錯(cuò)誤行為試圖說(shuō)服讀者接受他的觀點(diǎn)。故選A項(xiàng)。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Zoos talk a lot about their captive breeding programs because they do not want people to worry about a species dying out.可知，動(dòng)物園經(jīng)常談?wù)撍麄兊娜︷B(yǎng)繁殖計(jì)劃，因?yàn)樗麄儾幌Ｍ藗儞?dān)心一個(gè)物種會(huì)滅絕。由此判斷出，盡管他反對(duì)動(dòng)物園，但作者仍然同意一些瀕危動(dòng)物在動(dòng)物園里繁殖。故選C項(xiàng)。 B【文章大意】 本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了跑步的好處，它可以幫助人們延年益壽。1. longer　【解析】考查副詞的比較級(jí)。醫(yī)學(xué)報(bào)告顯示：經(jīng)常跑步的人比不跑步的人多活3年。根據(jù)than可知用比較級(jí)，故填longer。2. to see  【解析】考查不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。你不必跑地太快或時(shí)間太長(zhǎng)就能看到它的好處。此處不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)，故填to see。3.dying  【解析】考查動(dòng)名詞。你也許喝酒、吸煙或超重，但仍然通過(guò)跑步會(huì)減少早亡的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。此處of是介詞，其后用動(dòng)名詞。故填dying。4.is  【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。醫(yī)學(xué)報(bào)告顯示：跑步比散步、騎車和游泳更能有效地延長(zhǎng)壽命。這里敘述的是一個(gè)事實(shí)，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且主語(yǔ)是it，要用第三人稱單數(shù)。故填is。5.than  【解析】考查比較句型。跑步比散步、騎車和游泳更能有效地延長(zhǎng)壽命。根據(jù)文章中的more effective可知此處填than。6.that或which  【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞。此處a study是先行詞，其在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，故填that或which。7.causes  【解析】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。一項(xiàng)研究表明，僅僅每天5到10分鐘的跑步，就能減少各種原因的心臟病和早亡。根據(jù)句意用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填causes。8.strengthen  【解析】考查詞形變化。鍛煉以增強(qiáng)你腿上的肌肉。此處to是不定式符合，其后用動(dòng)詞原形。故填strengthen。9.energetic  【解析】考查詞形變化。跑步總是讓人充滿活力的。根據(jù)it’s可知，系動(dòng)詞后用形容詞作表語(yǔ)。故填energetic。10.it或running  【解析】考查代詞或名詞的用法。我們都應(yīng)該試試跑步。此處give it a try意為：試試。此處it可以指running。故填it或running。

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