2020高考英語新增分方案大一輪復(fù)習(xí)外研新課改省份專用講義：必修五Module4Carnival-學(xué)案下載-教習(xí)網(wǎng)

一、課前基礎(chǔ)自查
(一)分類記單詞——省時高效
Ⅰ.閱讀單詞(知其意)
1．carnival n. 　狂歡節(jié)
2．Christian adj. 基督教的
3．costume n. 服裝；戲裝；化裝服
4．empire n. 帝國
5．era n. 時代；年代
6．calendar n. 日歷；月歷
7．bean n. 豆子
8．flour n. 面粉
9．garlic n. 大蒜
10．onion n. 洋蔥
11．pea n. 豌豆
12．pork n. 豬肉
13．sausage n. 香腸
14．herb n. (葉或種子用作調(diào)味品的)藥草，芳草
15.whistle n. 　　　哨子
16．parade n. (慶祝)游行
17．plantation n. 農(nóng)莊；莊園
18．multicultural adj. 多元文化的；跨文化的
19．master n. 主人
20．magnificent adj. 華麗的；富麗堂皇的
Ⅱ.重點單詞(寫其形)
1．hide vt. 掩藏；躲藏
2．pretend vi. 假裝
3．book vt. 預(yù)訂
4．wander vi. 漫步；閑逛
5．elegant adj. 優(yōu)美的；高雅的
6．mark vt. 標(biāo)志(著)
7．trade n. 貿(mào)易
8．a(chǎn)bolish vt. 廢除
Ⅲ.拓展單詞(通其變)
1．confusion n．雜亂；混亂→confuse vt.混淆；使迷惑→confused adj.迷惑的；混亂的→confusing adj.令人迷惑的
2．extend vt.延長→extension n．延伸；擴大
3．memory n．記憶→memorize v．記住
4．magic n．魅力；魔力→magical adj.魔法的，魔術(shù)的→magician n. 魔術(shù)師
5．relaxing adj.使人放松的→relaxed adj.放松的→relax vt.使放松→relaxation n．消遣；娛樂
6．tasty adj.美味可口的→taste n．味道 v．品嘗
7．transport vt.運輸；運送→transportation n．交通；運輸
8．import vt.引進；進口→export vt.出口
9．celebration n．慶祝；慶典→celebrate vt.慶祝
10．freedom n．自由→free adj.自由的→freely adv.自由地；隨意地
11．unite vt.聯(lián)合→union n．聯(lián)合；團結(jié)；工會→united adj.團結(jié)的
12．origin n．起源→original adj.原先的；最初的 n．原著→originally adv.最初；起初
[語境活用]
1．He has a good memory and can memorize many different figures at one time.(memory)
2．The new government plans to extend the original road, the extension of which will help improve the trade.(extend)
3．If we follow the clues in Harry's magical world, perhaps, we can discover that the real magic in our own life is parents' love.(magic)
4．They are celebrating the Dragon Boat Festival and many people are joining in the celebration.(celebrate)
5．I was in confusion after you told me such a confusing story. Tom said he also felt confused.(confuse)
6．I play the piano for relaxation,_which makes me much more relaxed. In addition, some other relaxing activities can also relax me after a day's study.(relax)

(二)練中記短語——記牢用活
寫準(zhǔn)記牢
語境活用(選用左欄短語填空)
1.come_to_an_end　　完結(jié)；結(jié)束
2．dress_up 裝扮；打扮
3．on_end 連續(xù)地
4．in_secret 秘密地
5．date_back_to 追溯到(某個時候)
6．consist_of 由……組成；由……構(gòu)成
7．give_up 放棄(想法、嘗試)；戒除
8．wash_down 沖洗某物；沖下
9．by_force 用暴力
10．take_over 接管；接收
1.Little girls love dressing_up as angles for the festival.
2．Don't give_up when you meet difficulties or you will never succeed.
3．Generally speaking, we shouldn't treat these naughty boys by_force.
4．Dating_back_to the 1980s, our friendship gave both of us pleasure.
5．Last month, the newly-elected president took_over the country which is full of tricky problems.
6．It has been raining for days on_end as if it would never come_to_an_end.

(三)仿寫明句式——以用為本
教材原句
句式解讀
句式仿寫
1.Think of carnival, and you think of crowds, costumes, and confusion.想到狂歡節(jié)，你就會想到人群、各式各樣的服裝和熱鬧非凡的場面。
祈使句＋and＋陳述句?！?br /> 給我一次機會，我會給你一個驚喜。
Give_me_a_chance,_and I'll give you a wonderful surprise.
2.Their use was limited by laws, the first of which dates back to the fourteenth century.它們(面具)的使用受到法律的限制，最早可追溯到14世紀(jì)。
“... ＋of＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句。
她寫了兩本小說，均已被拍成了電視連續(xù)劇。She has written two novels, both_of_which have been made into television series.
3.The arrival of Europeans in America, and the opening of huge farms and plantations to grow cotton, fruit and vegetables, meant there was an immediate need for people to work on them.
歐洲人到了美洲，開辟了栽種棉花、水果和蔬菜的大農(nóng)場與大種植園，這意味著急需干活的人手。
there is/was no/a(n) ... need for sb.to do sth. “(不)需要某人做某事”。
沒必要為此擔(dān)心，因為政府正在盡一切努力提供更多的工作崗位。
There_is_no_need_to_worry_about_it as the government is now making every effort to provide more jobs.

二、課堂重點深化

1．hide v．掩藏；躲藏；隱瞞
　[自主體驗]
單句語法填空
①(2016·江蘇高考)In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message hidden (hide) within the work.
②(2016·浙江高考)My mother bought the beautiful basket and put it safely in some hiding (hide) place I couldn't find.
③I feel there is something about her past that she is trying to hide from me.
　[系統(tǒng)歸納]
(1)hide sth. from sb. 向某人隱瞞某事
hide sth. in/under/behind ... 把某物隱藏在……里面/下面/后面
(2)hiding n. 躲藏；隱藏
hidden adj. 秘密的；隱秘的
　[重點強化]
佳句時時寫(句式升級)
④Because everyone's face was hidden behind the mask, it's hard to tell who they really are.(with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))
→With_everyone's_face_hidden_behind_the_mask,_it's hard to tell who they really are.
2．pretend v．假裝；假扮
　[自主體驗]
單句語法填空
①He pretended to_be_reading (read) an important paper when the boss came in.
②When her mother came in, she pretended to_have_fallen (fall) asleep.
③The boy pretended that he was doing his homework when his mother came in.
　[系統(tǒng)歸納]
pretend
　[重點強化]
佳句時時寫
④如果你不懂裝懂，那只會欺騙自己。
If you pretend_to_know_what_you_don't_know,_you'll only make a fool of yourself.
3．mark v．標(biāo)志(著)；做記號于；批閱n.痕跡；污點；記號；分?jǐn)?shù)
　[自主體驗]
寫出下列句中mark的詞性和含義
①One of the most damaging things a parent could do was to punish their children for poor marks.n.分?jǐn)?shù)
②Obviously, the ability to talk is something that marks humans off from animals. v．標(biāo)志
③She made a mark on the map to show where her house was.n.記號
④Our teachers have got a lot of exam papers to mark at the end of the term.v.批閱
　[系統(tǒng)歸納]
(1)mark ... with ...　　　　　　用……做標(biāo)記
be marked with 標(biāo)記著……
mark ... off 分隔出；區(qū)分出
(2)make a mark 做標(biāo)記
get a low/high/full mark 得低分/高分/滿分
　[重點強化]
佳句時時寫(一句多譯)
昨天正是在校園我撿到了一個筆記本，上面標(biāo)著姓名和班級。
⑤It was in the schoolyard that I picked up a notebook which_was_marked_with_the name_and_class yesterday.(定語從句)
⑥It was in the schoolyard that I picked up a notebook marked_with_the_name_and_class yesterday.(分詞作定語)

1．come to an end完結(jié)；結(jié)束，終止
　[自主體驗]
單句語法填空
①I wonder how I can bring our argument to an end.
②After the meeting came to an end, we will return to the classroom and have a discussion about how to make ends (end) meet.
　[系統(tǒng)歸納]
(1)bring ...to an end＝put/bring an end to　使……結(jié)束；終止
make ends meet 收支平衡；收支相抵
(2)at the end (of) 在(……的)盡頭　
in the end 最后，終于
on end 不停地，連續(xù)地；豎著地
　[重點強化]
佳句時時寫
③最后，如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)我的建議有用我會非常高興。
In_the_end,_I will be very glad if you find my suggestions useful.
2．dress up裝扮；打扮；穿上盛裝
　[自主體驗]
單句語法填空
①Go and get dressed (dress)! The school bus is waiting for you downstairs.
②Up until now, I have been old enough to dress myself (I)．
　[系統(tǒng)歸納]
(1)dress (sb.) up as ...　　　 (把某人)打扮/裝扮成
dress oneself/sb. 給自己/某人穿衣
(2)be dressed in 穿著……衣服
get dressed 穿衣服
　[重點強化]
佳句時時寫
③在圣誕節(jié)，他裝扮成圣誕老人給孩子們發(fā)放禮物。
At Christmas, he dressed_up_as Santa Claus and gave out gifts to children.
3．there is/was a(n)/no ... need for sb.to do sth.
　[教材原句]　The arrival of Europeans in America, and the opening of huge farms and plantations to grow cotton, fruit and vegetables, meant there_was_an_immediate_need_for people_to_work on them.
　[自主體驗]
①(2015·安徽高考)There_is_no_need_to_tell me your answer now.Give it some thought and then let me know.
現(xiàn)在沒有必要告訴我你的答案。思考一下，然后告訴我。
②(2018·江蘇高考書面表達)There_is_no_doubt_that it is unwise to depend completely on the ratings in consumption.
毫無疑問，完全依賴于消費排名是不明智的。
③There_was_no_point_(in)_asking his parents, for he knew they had no money to spare.
詢問父母沒有意義，因為他知道他們沒有多余的錢。
④Many people believe there_is_a_possibility_of_danger in any situation when strangers meet.
許多人相信任何情況下與陌生人見面都可能會有危險。
　[歸納點撥]
(1)There is a(n)/no ... need (for sb.)to do sth.
　　　　　　　　　　“(不)需要(某人)做某事”。
(2)There is some/no doubt about/that ... “對……有/沒有疑問”。
(3)There is no sense/point (in) doing sth. “做某事沒有道理/意義”。
(4)There is a chance/possibility to do/of (doing) sth./that ... “有做……的機會/可能性”。
　[佳句背誦]
①(精彩開頭句)I fully understand why we are not comfortable about it, but there's no need to feel too sad.
②(增分要點句)There is no point in talking. Let's go into action!

本單元語篇話題與新課程主題語境“人與社會”中的“傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日”子話題相對應(yīng)
一、話題語素積累多一點
話題詞匯記一記
子話題(一)　節(jié)日名稱
溫故淺易詞匯
①Christmas?、趖he Spring Festival
③the Mid-autumn Festival ④New Year's Day
⑤National Day ⑥Teachers' Day
⑦Mother's Day ⑧Children's Day
⑨Women's Day
識記生疏詞匯
①Thanksgiving Day感恩節(jié) ②Valentine's Day情人節(jié)
③April Fool's Day愚人節(jié) ④Halloween萬圣節(jié)
⑤Easter復(fù)活節(jié)
⑥the Dragon Boat Festival端午節(jié)
⑦Tomb-sweeping Day清明節(jié)
⑧Double Ninth Festival重陽節(jié)

子話題(二)　節(jié)日活動
溫故淺易詞匯
①celebrate?、趇ntroduce　?、踡ark ④treat ⑤gift ⑥appreciate
⑦provide ⑧expect
識記生疏詞匯
①occasion n．場合　　　　②decoration n．裝飾品
③lantern n．燈籠；提燈 ④firework n．焰火
⑤firecracker n．鞭炮 ⑥flame n．火焰，光輝
⑦balloon n. 氣球 ⑧candle n．蠟燭

常用詞塊憶一憶
①originate from　　　　　　　　　起源于
②get together 團聚
③family reunion 家人團圓
④have a dinner 共進晚餐
⑤at the beginning of 在……的開始
⑥dress up 打扮；裝扮
⑦celebrate/observe the festival 慶祝節(jié)日
⑧a display of fireworks 煙火表演
⑨set off fireworks 燃放煙火
⑩exchange gifts 交換禮物
?have fun/have a wonderful time 過得快樂
?in memory of/in honor of 為了紀(jì)念
?on special occasions 在特殊場合
寫作佳句背一背
①Festivals make us reunite, making all in high spirits.
②The Mid-autumn Festival is a traditional festival of China, which is actually a day for family reunion.
③The custom of worshiping (祭拜) and admiring the moon dates back to several thousand years ago.
④On the Eve of the Spring Festival, firstly, family members get together and have big meals. Secondly, they watch the Spring Festival Gala on TV.
二、“分步寫作”表達準(zhǔn)一點
話題應(yīng)用文分步寫作

假定你是李華，你的英國朋友John想了解中國的春節(jié)。請你給他寫一封電子郵件介紹這一節(jié)日。
注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；
2．開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，但不計入總詞數(shù)；
3．可以適當(dāng)增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
參考詞匯：陰歷lunar calendar；春聯(lián)red couplets；鞭炮firecrackers；壓歲錢lucky money
Dear John，
　

　
Best wishes.
Yours，
Li Hua
　　　
第一步：句寫對——給詞寫句

introduce, calendar, mark, expect, celebrate, joyful, the Spring Festival, get together, set off　　
1．我很高興向你介紹中國的春節(jié)。
I_am_glad_to_introduce_the_Chinese_Spring_Festival_to_you.
2．春節(jié)是中國陰歷的第一天。
The_Spring_Festival_is_the_first_day_in_Chinese_lunar_calendar.
3．它標(biāo)志著新的一年的開始。
It_marks_the_beginning_of_the_new_year.
4．全家人打掃房屋，在門上貼春聯(lián)。
All_the_families_clean_their_houses_and_put_red_couplets_on_their_doors.
5．人們和家人團聚，并燃放鞭炮。
People_get_together_with_their_families_and_set_off_firecrackers.
6．人們互相說“過年好”。
People_say_“Happy_New_Year”_to_each_other.
7．收到父母和祖父母的壓歲錢讓孩子們很高興。
Getting_some_lucky_money_from_their_parents_and_grandparents_makes_children_delighted.
8．我期待著你明年來慶賀這個令人愉快的節(jié)日。
I_am_expecting_your_coming_to_celebrate_such_a_joyful_festival_next_year.

第二步：量寫夠——語句擴充
9．在第4句后加入目的狀語“以祈求好運”。
All_the_families_clean_their_houses_and_put_red_couplets_on_their_doors_to_pray_for_good_luck.
10．在第5句中加入“吃團圓飯”。
People_get_together_with_their_families_to_have_a_family_reunion_dinner_and_set_off_firecrackers.

第三步：語寫美——詞句升格
1．在第1句中用It's my pleasure替代I'm glad。
It's_my_pleasure_to_introduce_the_Chinese_Spring_Festival_to_you.
2．用which引導(dǎo)定語從句合并第2句和第3句。
The_Spring_Festival_is_the_first_day_in_Chinese_lunar_calendar,_which_marks_the_beginning_of_the_new_year.
3．用what引導(dǎo)主語從句改寫第7句。
What_makes_children_delighted_is_getting_some_lucky_money_from_their_parents_and_grandparents.
4．在第8句中用look forward to替代expect，并使用省略形式。
Looking_forward_to_your_coming_to_celebrate_such_a_joyful_festival_next_year.
第四步：篇連順——銜接成文
根據(jù)語句間的邏輯關(guān)系可添加表示時間順序的with the festival approaching， on New Year's Eve， during the New Year做好上下文的銜接過渡。
Dear John，
It's_my_pleasure_to_introduce_the_Chinese_Spring_Festival_to_you.
The_Spring_Festival_is_the_first_day_in_Chinese_lunar_calendar,_which_marks_the_beginning_of_the_new_year._With_the_festival_approaching,_all_the_families_clean_their_houses_and_put_red_couplets_on_their_doors_to_pray_for_good_luck._On_New_Year's_Eve,_people_get_together_with_their_families_to_have_a_family_reunion_dinner_and_set_off_firecrackers._During_the_New_Year,_people_say_“Happy_New_Year”_to_each_other._And_what_makes_children_delighted_is_getting_some_lucky_money_from_their_parents_and_grandparents.
Looking_forward_to_your_coming_to_celebrate_such_a_joyful_festival_next_year.
Best wishes.
Yours，
Li Hua

Ⅰ.單詞拼寫
1．Usually, no matter how far away or how busy we are, we still try to go home for the celebration (慶祝)．
2．My teachers advise me to repeat the materials several times and read them aloud, which they think will help improve my memory (記憶)．
3．In other words, we are the master (主人) of our own future.
4．As the international trade (貿(mào)易) is becoming popular, English is getting more and more important.
5．We can work wonders if we unite (聯(lián)合) as a family, caring for each other and helping those in need.
6．Although I can enjoy more freedom (自由), at the same time I realized that being a grown-up not only means this, but also more responsibilities.
7．Trains play an important part in transporting (運送) goods and passengers in China.
8．These apples are more expensive because they are imported (進口) from abroad.
9．After booking (預(yù)訂) a ticket through to New York, he went on reading his book.
10．Some teenagers dropped out of school and wandered (閑逛) about the street all day with nothing to do.
Ⅱ.語境語法填空
1．He has lots of happy ?memories (memory) in China where he ate a variety of ?tasty (taste) food, enjoying a ?relaxing (relax) holiday.
2．Our dance team consists ?of 20 girls. Now after training about two weeks ?on end, all of us have dressed ?up for our performance.
3．The naughty boy made the room ?in confusion. And he hid ?himself (he) behind the door, pretending ?to_be (be) a thief to frighten his little brother.
4．Now a lot of Chinese people trade ?with foreign countries, and varieties of goods ?are_transported (transport) from abroad. I like ?imported (import) fruits because they are delicious.
5．New Year's Day is around the corner, which ?marks (mark) the beginning of the new year. There is an immediate need for us ?to_hold (hold) a grand ?celebration (celebrate) for it.
Ⅲ.根據(jù)提示補全句子
1．在生活中我們會遭遇許多失敗，只要我們竭盡全力就沒必要為這些失敗感到遺憾。(there is no need to do sth.)
In our life we may meet many failures. As long as we try our best, there's_no_need_to_feel regret for these failures.
2．?dāng)?shù)年的學(xué)校生活教給我許多東西，其中團隊合作對我來說是最重要的。(“介詞＋which”引導(dǎo)定語從句)
Years of school life has taught me a lot of things, of_which_teamwork_is the_most important_for_me.
3．當(dāng)你讀這本書時，你最好在有問題的地方做個記號。(mark)
When you read the book, you'd better make_a_mark_where_you_have_any_questions.
4．上周一，老師和同學(xué)們舉行了隆重的儀式來慶祝我們學(xué)校建校80周年。(celebration)
Last Monday the teachers and students held_a_grand_ceremony_in_celebration_of the 80th anniversary of our school.
Ⅳ.短文填空
(Ⅰ)根據(jù)提示填空
The Duanwu Festival, also often known, especially in the West, as ?the_Dragon_Boat Festival (龍舟節(jié)), is a traditional holiday ?originating (originate) in China. The festival now occurs on the 5th day of the 5th month of the ?traditional (tradition) Chinese calendar, which is the source of the festival's alternative name, the Double Fifth Festival. The story best known in modern China holds that the festival is ?in_memory_of (為了紀(jì)念) the death of the poet and minister Qu Yuan of the ancient state of Chu. When the king decided to ally (結(jié)盟) with the increasingly ?powerful (power) state of Qin, Qu was driven away due to ?opposing (oppose) the alliance. During his exile (流亡), Qu Yuan wrote a great deal of poetry. Ying, the Chu capital, ?was_occupied (occupy) by Qin twenty-eight years later. In desperation, Qu Yuan committed suicide by drowning himself in the Miluo River. It is said that the local people, who ?extremely (extreme) admired him, raced out in their boats to save him or at least get his body back. This is said to have been the origin of dragon boat races. When his body could not ?be_found (find), they dropped balls of sticky rice ?covered (cover) with leaves into the river so that the fish would eat them instead of Qu Yuan's body. This is said how zongzi appeared.
(Ⅱ)片段選詞填空
mark， celebration， occasion， attractive， appreciate， decorate， refer to， get together， at the beginning of， in addition to
The Lantern Festival, which falls on the 15th day of the first Chinese lunar month, ?marks the finale of the Spring Festival, and with it, come rich Chinese traditions and joyful ?celebrations.
At that night, people can see the full moon for the first time in a year.In Chinese, “yuan” literally means “first” and “xiao” ?refers_to “night”. Therefore, the Lantern Festival has another name called Yuanxiao Festival.
A traditional food also named yuanxiao has developed for this ?occasion. They're rice balls with sweet fillings inside. On the day of the festival, people usually ?get_together with all their family members to have a dinner with yuanxiao, a must-have dish.
To Chinese people's mind, ?at_the_beginning_of a new year, when there is a bright full moon hanging in the sky, there should be thousands of ?attractive lanterns. They are hung out for people to ?appreciate. Children go out at night carrying paper lanterns, many of which are animal-shaped. People also go to parks or temples and solve riddles on the lanterns. In modern days, more fantastic lights such as LEDs and lasers (激光燈) have come to ?decorate the night of the festival, ?in_addition_to the traditional ones.

一、復(fù)現(xiàn)單元考點——增強備考信心
Ⅰ.高考中的語法填空
1．(2016·全國卷Ⅰ)For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” spell out the hidden (hide) message “Meet me.”
2．(2015·全國卷Ⅱ)Stonehenge is one of the world's most famous prehistoric monuments dating (date) back over 5,000 years.
3．(2014·福建高考)Real riches consist of well-developed and hearty capacities (能力) to enjoy life.
4．(2014·天津高考)English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of which uses it differently.
5．(2012·浙江高考)All of this gives new meaning to dressing up in a giant bunny costume this Easter.
6．(2012·廣東高考)I hope this research will put an end to advocating strictly timed baby feeding practices.
7．(2010·天津高考)However, taking responsibility for something that went wrong is a mark of great maturity.
8．(2009·重慶高考)Therefore, discussions on how science is applied should be_extended (extend) far beyond scientific societies.
Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空
(選用book, end, pretend, dress up填空)
1．(2017·全國卷Ⅲ完形填空)The ticket had a strict no-transfer (不可轉(zhuǎn)讓) policy, but since passport information was not required when __26__， any Canadian Elizabeth Gallagher can use it. booking
2．(2014·四川高考完形填空)One day, as Tom was working, Mildred came within a few feet of him to watch. Tom __19__he didn't see her and kept working to see what she would do next.pretended
3．(2012·江蘇高考完形填空)The desire to be connected has brought solitude to a(n) __39__ as we've known it.People have become so reachable in the world of networks and connections that one can often be contacted even if they'd rather not be.end
4．(2010·山東高考完形填空)Finally, after weeks of preparation, I would show off all my hard work in a dance performance. Everything would be perfect — so I thought. I waited backstage all __40__ in my black tights with a golden belt. In a loud and clear voice, the master of ceremonies announced that my class was next.dressed_up
二、復(fù)現(xiàn)話題詞匯——提高閱讀準(zhǔn)度
新高考下的命題新視角：隨著中外越來越多的文化交流，有關(guān)外國節(jié)日和中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日的文章逐漸增多。節(jié)日活動是中學(xué)生非常感興趣的話題，也是高考的熱點話題。建議同學(xué)們多關(guān)注這方面的英文文章，以開闊視野，積累素材，不斷提高文化素養(yǎng)。
[話題感悟]
學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo) ——語篇復(fù)現(xiàn)詞匯，活學(xué)活用記憶更深
( 加藍詞匯為本單元話題詞匯，讀文時請揣摩其用法)
Brazil Enjoys Carnival
[1]You may have heard the music and seen dancing from the other side of the world when Carnival took place in Rio, Brazil. On Feb. 5, the festival officially began, lasting until Feb. 10. So why does this colorful, energetic event continue to excite people from all over the world?
[2]Carnival is a crazy six-day celebration that happens around 40 days before the Christian Easter Festival. It happens at the hottest time in summer in Rio and marks the time before the start of Lent, a time when Christians are supposed to give up doing things they like. Those who take part in Carnival make the most of this chance to have fun by enjoying themselves as much as possible. They dance, wear colorful costumes and have a great time.
[3]Carnival time has a soundtrack of samba music, a type of music that is completely Brazilian. During Carnival, the 14 best samba schools in Rio are each given the chance to show off their music and dancing, joined by 200 to 400 drummers (鼓手)．
[4]And it's not just Rio locals who entertain the crowds. According to Lonely Planet, some of the schools are “open to travelers who may be passing through town and are prepared to practice for weeks, learning a song, buying a brightly-colored costume and wearing it in front of tens of thousands of people” .
[5]At the end, judges decide who brings the best dance moves, looks, words and heart to Carnival. And the winner is the pride of Brazil.
[6]Overall, Carnival is about having a good time. Millions of people on the streets come to cheer on the amazing performers and join the street parties.
[7]Would you like to go to Carnival in the future? Will you try to find ways to include its spirit of dancing and play in your everyday life? The party seems to get bigger, better, and more colorful every year.
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了巴西狂歡節(jié)的相關(guān)情況。
1．What can we learn about Rio Carnival from the passage?
A．It has the longest history of any carnival.
B．It takes place about 40 days after Easter.
C．It begins during the coldest days in winter.
D．It is a festival celebrated by both locals and travelers.
解析：選D　推理判斷題。從第一段中的“So why does this colorful, energetic event continue to excite people from all over the world？”和第四段第一句中的“it's not just Rio locals who entertain the crowds”可知，選D。
2．According to the passage, Lent is a time when __________.
A．Christians start to have fun
B．Christians stay with their families
C．Christians can't do things they enjoy
D．Christians take part in religious activities
解析：選C　細節(jié)理解題。從第二段中的“... Lent, a time when Christians are supposed to give up doing things they like”可知，選C。
3．We can conclude from the passage that during Rio Carnival, __________.
A．the best schools in Brazil focus on creating new dances and music
B．people fully enjoy the music and parties on the streets
C．many locals start to learn about samba music and dancing
D．a(chǎn) competition is held to find the most beautiful costumes
解析：選B　推理判斷題。從第六段中的“Millions of people on the streets come to cheer on the amazing performers and join the street parties.”可知，選B。
4．Which of the following aspects of Carnival are mentioned in the passage?
A．Its origins.　　　　　 B．Its spirit.
C．Its celebrations. D．Its rules.
解析：選C　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了巴西狂歡節(jié)的慶?；顒?，故選C。
學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo) ——題后把脈規(guī)律，練后得法理解更透
推理判斷技法(5)——整合全文(段)信息進行推斷
有些推理判斷題，很難從某一句話或某幾句話推斷出其答案，這時就需要在弄懂全文大意的基礎(chǔ)上，整合與題目相關(guān)的關(guān)鍵信息，綜合起來推理判斷，從而確定最佳結(jié)論。
以上文第1題為例：

A
(2019·山西省八校第一次聯(lián)考)Many Americans spend Thanksgiving with family and friends around a table of roast turkey, sweet potatoes and cranberry sauce.
But for others, it's a competition.Across the United States, there are contests to see who can eat the most pumpkin (南瓜) pie.These events start in October and continue through Thanksgiving.Elk Grove, California hosts the World Pumpkin Pie Eating Championship.Matt Stonie won in 2014 by eating 20 pounds, 13 ounces of pumpkin pie in 8 minutes.In other words, about 9 and a half kilograms.That was a “world record”， reported the Major League Eating (MLE) in New York City.Stonie won $5,000.
The MLE website praised Stonie: “Like a silent car at top speed driving past you on the highway; like the boxer with lightning blows; like a speedskater in a very tight bodysuit, long limbs stretching faster than the clock can tick.The great one makes it look easy.”
Some of the pumpkin pie eating contests are turned into gluttony (暴飲暴食)．Others have a more light-hearted approach to pumpkin pie eating contests.Students at the Duthie Center for Engineering in Louisville, Kentucky posted their pumpkin pie eating contest on Facebook.It was a friendly social affair.In Broomfield, Colorado, their Turkey Day celebration takes a different approach.They hold a pumpkin pie eating contest, but contestants just have to eat one piece of pie (or about one-sixth of a pie) as fast as possible.There's a 5 kilometer race and a 10 kilometer race afterwards, for those who want to lose weight.
And at Pumpkin Palooza — a pumpkin pie eating contest in Sparks, Nevada — the organizers note on their website, “The winners are chosen by audience applause, so style, talent and humor are the_be-all_and_end-all.”
語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了美國感恩節(jié)各地舉辦的吃南瓜餡餅的比賽。
1．What does MLE website praise Stonie for in Paragraph 3?
A．His easy manner.　　　 B．His effortless speed.
C．His huge eating amount. D．His dynamic performance.
解析：選B　推理判斷題。第三段提到“像一輛安靜的汽車在高速公路上以最快的速度從你身邊駛過；像拳擊手閃電般地出拳；像速滑運動員穿著非常緊身的賽服，四肢伸展的速度比時鐘嘀嗒作響的速度都快。杰出的選手讓它看起來很容易”，這部分是通過把Stonie吃南瓜餡餅的速度與汽車、拳擊手和速滑運動員的速度進行對比來突出Stonie吃得速度以及他給觀眾的毫不費力的感覺。故選B項。
2．Whose approach is contrary to the light-hearted approach?
A．Major League Eating.
B．World Pumpkin Pie Eating Championship.
C．The Turkey Day races in Broomfield, Colorado.
D．Pumpkin Palooza in Sparks, Nevada.
解析：選B　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段可知， World Pumpkin Pie Eating Championship比的是誰吃得最多，這當(dāng)然不會是輕松的(light-hearted)。故選B項。
3．What do people value most in the Turkey Day celebration in Broomfield?
A．Health. B．Energy.
C．Competition. D．Skill.
解析：選A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“contestants just have to eat one piece of pie (or about one-sixth of a pie) as fast as possible ...for those who want to lose weight”可知，在這里參加比賽的人只比賽吃一塊南瓜餡餅的速度，隨后的賽跑是為那些要減輕體重的人準(zhǔn)備的，故可推知，在Broomfield的Turkey Day celebration中，人們最注重健康。故選A。
4．Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase?
A．Random. B．Playful.
C．Endless. D．Vital.
解析：選D　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線部分前的“The winners are chosen by audience applause, so style, talent and humor”可知，這個比賽的勝者由觀眾的掌聲選出，因此可推知，參賽者的風(fēng)格、才能和幽默感很重要，故vital與畫線部分意義相近。故選D。
B
(2019·河南省豫北名校質(zhì)量評估)On a hot evening in September, the Highland High School team was pronouncing to win its first game of the season.“I was really excited，” said Highlanders linebacker Ryan Ferrini.“This was the game when it finally came together.” With several seconds left in the fourth quarter and the Tompkins High School team up 29∶28, all the Highlanders had to do was go one yard for a touchdown to seize a dramatic come-from-behind victory.
On the previous play, after the Highlanders had driven the ball deep into the Tompkins' territory (防守區(qū)), quarterback Will Gentry had connected with receiver Austin Brauweiler at the three-yard line.As Brauweiler turned upfield, a Tompkins' defender delivered a hit, knocking them both to the ground at the one-yard line.
“There was a huge force, as if a truck had hit me，” said Brauweiler, who suffered from the collision (撞擊)．But it was the Tompkins' player who got the worst of it.He lay still on the ground and a doctor had been called.That's when the Tompkins' coach walked across the field and told Highlanders' coach Colschen that his players were too upset to finish the game and they would lose the game.
“In life, the well-being of others is what's important, not the scoreboard，” said Colschen.He gathered his Highlanders and told them it was time to support their grieving (悲傷的) competitors.They agreed.
After the injured player was airlifted to a hospital, the two teams took the field again.The Highland team's teammates took a knee and didn't start any action, only waiting for the game clock to strike zero.Game over.
“What my players did was amazing，” said Colschen.“I was surprised and encouraged that they were thinking not about themselves but about others.”
語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了在一場比賽中發(fā)生了雙方隊員相撞事件后，其中一方的隊員為了尊重對方隊員將最后的比賽時間耗盡的故事。
5．What can we learn from Paragraph 1?
A．The match was coming to an end.
B．The match would end the football season.
C．The Highlanders is a difficult team to beat.
D．The Tompkins was confident of victory in the final.
解析：選A　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“With several seconds left in the fourth quarter and the Tompkins High School team up 29∶28”可知，比賽快要結(jié)束了。故選A。
6．Who was most injured in the collision?
A．A Highlanders' player.
B．A Tompkins' defender.
C．Austin Brauweiler.
D．Will Gentry.
解析：選B　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“a Tompkins' defender delivered a hit, knocking them both to the ground at the one-yard line”以及第三段中的“it was the Tompkins' player who got the worst of it”可知，是Tompkins的防守隊員受傷最為嚴(yán)重。故選B。
7．Why did the Highlanders take no action until the end of the game?
A．Because they had already won it.
B．Because one of their players got injured.
C．Because they were given an unfair judgment.
D．Because they cared and respected their competitors.
解析：選D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段、第五段的內(nèi)容以及最后一段中的“I was surprised and encouraged that they were thinking not about themselves but about others.”可知，在相撞事件發(fā)生后，Highlanders的隊員們認(rèn)為在比賽中身體健康才是最為重要的，所以Highlanders的隊員們在比賽結(jié)束前任憑時間一分一秒過去而不采取任何行動，這也是為了安慰因隊友受傷而傷心的對方隊員們，表示對對手的尊重。故選D。
8．What message is conveyed in the passage?
A．More haste, less speed.
B．All men cannot be first.
C．Better to be safe than sorry.
D．Friendship first, competition second.
解析：選D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可以看出，在雙方的競爭中， Highland高中的隊員們沒有一味地為了追求成功而不顧對方的感受，相反，他們把對對手的尊重置于個人的榮譽之上，這傳達出的正是“友誼第一，比賽第二”的精神。故選D。A項意為“欲速則不達”；B項意為“不可能人人得第一名”；C項意為“安全勝過遺憾”。