必修2　Unit 3　Amazing people
課時(shí)作業(yè)A：基礎(chǔ)層面
Ⅰ.單句語法填空
1．Wang Fei is my favorite singer.I consider her superior to other stars.
2．By this time next week we will_be(be)in New York.
3．We may have various(vary) ways to deal with such a situation.
4．He thought about all of the survived (survive) shows he had watched on TV.
5．She signalled (signal) to the other girls that everything was all right.
Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)
1．As far as I know，his carelessness resulted from his failure in the final interview last year.from→in
2．She has applied for the company for a position as a secretary.第一個(gè)for→to
3．It was at the school gate where I met an old friend of mine.where→that
4．Today，Lucy wants to see if African honeybees might discourage elephants from eat crops.eat→eating
5．It took them ten years to pay for their debts.for→off
Ⅲ.語境語法填空
Howard Carter was a famous 1.explorer (explore)，who didn't receive school education and was curious 2.about the outside world.He began 3.searching (search) for the tombs of the Egyptian kings since he was only seventeen.With 4.the help of Lord Carnarvon，Howard Carter began his research.In 1922，he and his team found the tomb of King Tutankhamun near a city 5.called (call) Luxor.The tomb was full of fortune.
Within 7 years,21 people 6.who/that had something 7.to_do(do) with the opening of the tomb died，but Carter lived on till the age of 65.Some people say the 8.deaths (die) were just coincidence.Some believe that they were the result of a mummy's curse，9.while others think it was the 10.viruses (virus) in the tomb that resulted in the deaths.

Ⅳ.完成句子
1．明天早晨，我將已在去北京的路上。
By the time of tomorrow morning，I will_have_been on the way to Beijing.
2．這些花如果不能每天澆水就會(huì)死去。
The flowers will die unless_watered every day.
3．他從政以前在煤鐵業(yè)中發(fā)了財(cái)。
He made_a/his_fortune in the coal and iron business before he went into politics.
4．我認(rèn)為這些有趣的舊習(xí)俗應(yīng)該被很好地保留下來。
I think these interesting old customs should be_well_preserved.
5．昨天你是在什么地方看到她的手機(jī)的？
Where_was_it_that you saw her cell phone yesterday?
課時(shí)作業(yè)B：能力層面
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
(2019·太原市模擬)Fairy tales perform many functions.They entertain，encourage imagination and teach problem-solving skills.They can also provide moral lessons，highlighting the dangers of failing to follow the social codes that let human beings co-exist in harmony.Such moral lessons may not mean much to a robot，but a team of researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology believes it has found a way to use the fairy tales as moral lessons that AI(artificial intelligence) can take to its cold，mechanical heart.
The collected stories of different cultures teach children how to behave in socially acceptable ways with examples of proper and improper behavior in fables，novels and other literature.We believe story comprehension in robots can prevent the intelligent robots from killing humanity which was predicted and feared by some of the biggest names in technology including Stephen Hawking and Bill Gates.This system is called “Quixote”．It collects story plots from the Internet and then uses those stories to teach robots how to behave.
The experiment done by the designers involves going to a drugstore to purchase some medicine for a human who needs to get it as soon as possible.The robot has three options.It can wait in line; it can interact with the storekeeper politely and purchase the medicine with priority; or it can steal the medicine and escape.Without any further directives(指示)，the robot will come to the conclusion that the most efficient means of obtaining the medicine is to steal it.But Quixote offers a reward for waiting in line and politely purchasing the medicine and a punishment for stealing it.In this way，the robot will learn the moral way to behave on that occasion.
Quixote would work best on a robot that has a very limited function.It's a baby step in the direction of teaching more moral lessons into robots.We believe that AI has to be trained to adopt the values of a particular society，and in doing so，it will strive to avoid unacceptable behavior.Giving robots the ability to read and understand our stories may be the most efficient means.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。童話故事不但可以娛樂孩子們，還能讓機(jī)器人擁有道德觀念，使其更好地為人類服務(wù)。
1．What function do fairy tales perform in the robots?
A．They entertain robots.
B．They highlight dangers.
C．They make robots more intelligent.
D．They enable robots to behave morally.
D　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“it has found a way to use the fairy tales as moral lessons that AI(artificial intelligence) can take to its cold，mechanical heart”可知，童話故事可以作為道德經(jīng)驗(yàn)讓人工智能機(jī)器人的行為符合道德規(guī)范，故D項(xiàng)正確。]
2．What is “Quixote” in the text?
A．A punishment system.
B．A character in literature.
C．A big name in technology.
D．A kind of software educating robots.
D　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后兩句“This system is called ‘Quixote’．It collects story plots from the Internet and then uses those stories to teach robots how to behave”可知，這個(gè)系統(tǒng)被稱為“Quixote”；它從互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上收集故事情節(jié)，然后用這些故事來教育機(jī)器人如何規(guī)范行為，由此可知，Quixote是一種教育機(jī)器人的軟件，故D項(xiàng)正確。]
3．What does the designer expect robots to do in the experiment?
A．To take advantage of its privilege.
B．To finish the task most efficiently.
C．To perform in a well-mannered way.
D．To be rewarded by the storekeeper.
C　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“We believe that AI has to be trained to adopt the values of a particular society，and in doing so，it will strive to avoid unacceptable behavior”可推知，設(shè)計(jì)者希望機(jī)器人在實(shí)驗(yàn)中的行為能符合道德規(guī)范，故C項(xiàng)正確。]
4．Which of the following can best express the author's opinion?
A．Robots will definitely have more functions.
B．Robots with humans' emotions are perfect.
C．Training robots to be socially acceptable is necessary.
D．The development of robots is still in a baby step.
C　[觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第四段中的“We believe that AI has to be trained to adopt the values of a particular society，and in doing so，it will strive to avoid unacceptable behavior”可知，我們認(rèn)為人工智能必須接受培訓(xùn)以適應(yīng)特定社會(huì)的價(jià)值觀，這樣做，它將努力避免不可接受的行為。據(jù)此可推知，訓(xùn)練機(jī)器人讓其行為符合社會(huì)規(guī)范是必要的，故C項(xiàng)正確。]
B
(2019·安徽省示范高中模擬)Have you ever wondered when dogs first became “man's best friend” and the world's favourite pet? If you have，then you're not alone.When and where dogs first began living side by side with humans are questions that have stirred hot debate among scientists.There are a few hard facts that all agree on.These include that dogs were once wolves and they were the first animal to be domesticated(馴化) by humans.They came into human lives some 15,000 years ago，before the dawn of agriculture.
Beyond that，there is little agreement.The earliest bones found that are unquestionable dogs' and not wolves' date from 14,000 years ago.However,30,000 -year-old skulls have been discovered in France and Belgium that are not pure wolves' and some scientists think could be dogs'.
With such puzzling evidence，many scientists are now turning to DNA to find out when and where dogs were first domesticated.In one research project，tens of thousands of blood samples have been taken from street dogs around the world.The plan is to compare them with those of wolves.It's even possible to analyse DNA from ancient bones.Tiny pieces of the 30,000-year-old skulls mentioned earlier are currently being studied，and another DNA study has already shown that ancient dogs preserved in the Alaskan ice fields evolved from Asian wolves，not American ones.
Indeed，the ancient DNA may turn out to be more informative than the DNA of living dogs.Because dogs have accompanied humans around the world for thousands of years，their current distribution may tell us very little of their origins.This is why different groups of scientists believe that dogs variously originated in eastern Asia，Mongolia，Siberia，Europe or Africa.
But why were the animals domesticated in the first place? The most recent theory is that dogs domesticated themselves，initially living in and around our ancient villages to eat any food thrown out.Today，this is a way of life still shared by three quarters of a billion unowned dogs worldwide.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，狗是從狼馴化而來的，早在一萬五千年之前狗就進(jìn)入了我們的生活?？茖W(xué)家通過分析DNA去查證狗最初是在何時(shí)何地被馴養(yǎng)的。
5．Which is the only statement generally agreed on by scientists studying dogs?
A．Dogs originally were used as farm animals.
B．Dogs evolved from wolves found in Europe.
C．Dogs helped the development of agriculture.
D．Dogs were the first animal to be kept as pets.
D　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“Have you ever wondered when dogs first became ‘man's best friend’ and the world's favourite pet”，再結(jié)合倒數(shù)第二句可知，狗是第一種被人類馴養(yǎng)成寵物的動(dòng)物，故D項(xiàng)正確。]
6．Why does the writer first mention the 30,000-year-old animals' skulls?
A．To show that dogs were much larger in the past.
B．To prove that dogs developed from Asian wolves.
C．To suggest that dogs may have evolved much earlier.
D．To argue that dogs were first kept in France and Belgium.
C　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第三句“However，30,000-year-old skulls have been discovered in France and Belgium that are not pure wolves' and some scientists think could be dogs'”可知，在法國和比利時(shí)已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了3萬年前的頭骨，它們不完全是狼的，科學(xué)家認(rèn)為有一些可能是狗的。據(jù)此可推知，該處提及三萬年前的頭骨旨在說明狗的進(jìn)化歷史更早，故C項(xiàng)正確。]
7．How did scientists determine the origins of the ancient dogs found in Alaska?
A．By analyzing the age of their bones.
B．By examining the animals' DNA.
C．By studying the shape of their skulls.
D．By comparing them with modern dogs.
B　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段尾句中的“another DNA study has already shown that ancient dogs preserved in the Alaskan ice fields evolved from Asian wolves，not American ones”可知，科學(xué)家是通過檢測(cè)DNA的方法來判斷阿拉斯加狗的起源的，故B項(xiàng)正確。]
8．Why did dogs start living with humans?
A．Because they were attracted by food.
B．Because they were trapped by humans.
C．Because they couldn't survive in the wild.
D．Because they were trained to protect villages.
A　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)尾段第二句“The most recent theory is that dogs domesticated themselves，initially living in and around our ancient villages to eat any food thrown out”可知，最近的一種說法是，狗是自己馴養(yǎng)自己的，最初生活在我們古老的村莊里或周圍，吃人們?nèi)拥舻氖澄铩?jù)此可推知，狗和人生活在一起的原因是它們被食物所吸引，故A項(xiàng)正確。]
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
(2019·武漢市調(diào)研測(cè)試)Many people struggle with saying “No”．__1__ Remember，just because you can do something does not mean it is required. Understand you always have a right to turn down an invitation or refuse a favor and figure out the best ways to say “No”．Here are some specific tips.
Give yourself permission to say no.Many people have an immediate reaction to say“Yes” when they're asked to do someone a favor.Keep in mind，you are never required to say“Yes”．It's actually okay to say “No” sometimes.Accept this as you prepare to say “No” to someone.__2__
Set up your personal boundaries.__3__ However，that reason does not have to be concrete.Many people think if they can do something，they should.Your reason for saying“No” can be a simple matter of your own personal boundaries.Think about what boundaries you have，and accept the fact you're allowed to stay true to them.
__4__ People often won't take “No” for an answer.If you say “No” to people，they may give you various reasons to try and change your mind.Stay determined for your decision and do not give in easily.
Practice saying “No”．It may sound silly，but you can actually practice saying “No” alone.__5__ Practice giving a firm “No” to someone so you get comfortable with the words.Many people are nervous about saying “No” and may say “Yes” due to anxiety.Practicing can help get rid of some of this anxiety.
A．This will help you say “No” with ease.
B．Be aware of potential persuasion techniques.
C．Find a good chance to stand in front of a crowd.
D．It's always easier to say “No” if you have a reason.
E．Try standing before a mirror and looking at yourself.
F．It's rather easy for you to set up your personal boundaries.
G．If someone asks you a favor，you may feel you have to say “Yes”．
【語篇解讀】　我們可以通過設(shè)定界限、不斷訓(xùn)練等方式，勇敢地向他人說“不”。
1．G　[根據(jù)前一句的內(nèi)容可知，很多人總是苦苦掙扎，不敢說“不”。由此可推知，如果總是這樣的話，當(dāng)別人要請(qǐng)你幫忙的時(shí)候，你可能會(huì)感到你不得不說“可以”。故選G。]
2．A　[本段講述的是要允許自己拒絕別人。很多人會(huì)不自覺地接受他人的請(qǐng)求，但是你并不是一定要對(duì)他人說“可以”，這是你的權(quán)利。記住這一點(diǎn)，將幫助你輕而易舉地拒絕別人。故選A。]
3．D　[根據(jù)空后一句“However，that reason does not have to be concrete”可知，D項(xiàng)“如果你有一個(gè)理由的話，說‘不’總是比較容易的”符合語境，故選D。]
4．B　[空后三句講述的是，人們通常不會(huì)接受“不”的，他們會(huì)找種種理由勸你改變主意，因此我們要堅(jiān)持自己的決定，不要輕易屈服。由此可推知，我們要知道他人的勸說技巧。故選B。]
5．E　[本段講述的是要訓(xùn)練自己說“不”。該空前一句提到訓(xùn)練說“不”可能聽起來很愚蠢，但實(shí)際上你可以獨(dú)自去訓(xùn)練自己說“不”。由此可知E項(xiàng)“試著站在鏡子前，看著自己”符合語境，銜接上下文。]
Ⅲ.短文改錯(cuò)
假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。
修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；
2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。
(2019·福建省質(zhì)量檢查測(cè)試)As everybody know，parents are worried too much about their child，especially when the young meet with challenges.So do my parents.They are even more nervous than I when a important test is coming.I have been thinking about talked to them.I'll let them know I have a goal and will work hard to achieve them.When they are convincing that I'll be responsible for that what I should do，they surely won't feel worried.Please keep in mind that our parents love us unconditional.I hope my thought can be helpful to you in dealing the relationship with your parents.
[答案]　
As everybody ， parents are worried too much about their ， especially when the young meet with challenges.So my parents.They are even more nervous than I when important test is coming.I have been thinking about to them.I'll let them know I have a goal and will work hard to achieve .When they are that I'll be responsible for that what I should do，they surely won't feel worried.Please keep in mind that our parents love us .I hope my thought can be helpful to you in dealing the relationship with your parents.
課時(shí)提能練(十二)
必修2　Unit 3　Amazing people
課時(shí)作業(yè)A：基礎(chǔ)層面
Ⅰ.語境語法填空
A
Some 1.amazing (amaze) people have greatly influenced the world.For example，Bill Gates has had a great effect 2.on computer technology.Yuan Longping 3.has_devoted(devoted) himself to the research and development of a better rice breed.Though they are of different times and 4.nationalities(nationality)，what they have in common is that they 5.have_contributed (contribute) a lot to the world in their fields.
B
Howard Carter was a famous explorer，1.who didn't receive school education but was 2.curious(curiosity) about the outside world.He 3.began (begin) searching for the tombs of the Egyptian kings since he was only seventeen.With the help of Lord Carnarvon，Howard Carter began 4.his (he) research.In 1922，he and his team found the tomb of King Tutankhamun near a city 5.called (call) Luxor.Inside the tomb，there was 6.a great fortune in gold and jewels.
Ⅱ.語境短文改錯(cuò)
根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容，對(duì)下面材料進(jìn)行修改。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
Born in 1965，Yang Liwei had wanted to fly since he was young boy，his dream was encouraged by his parents as well as his sister and brother.In 1983，he joined the army，and goes to a flight school.He graduated from 1987 and became a pilot.In 1998，he applied to be a member of Project 921，that is now called Shenzhou.He was one of the only 14 selecting from 1,500 candidates.In September 2003，only three out of the 14 candidates were picked for the Chinese space adventure，but Yang was one of them.He took all kinds of test to prove he was fit for this important task.Although Yang did not get the best scores on every single test，but it was his highly scores on the psychological tests that finally won him the status of China's first astronaut.
[答案]
Born in 1965，Yang Liwei had wanted to fly since he was young boy， dream was encouraged by his parents as well as his sister and brother.In 1983，he joined the army，and to a flight school.He graduated 1987 and became a pilot.In 1998，he applied to be a member of Project 921， is now called Shenzhou.He was one of the only 14 from 1,500 candidates.In September 2003，only three out of the 14 candidates were picked for the Chinese space adventure， Yang was one of them.He took all kinds of to prove he was fit for this important task.Although Yang did not get the best scores on every single test，but it was his scores on the psychological tests that finally won him the status of China's first astronaut.
Ⅲ.根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全句子
1．等我到達(dá)公交車站時(shí)，公共汽車已經(jīng)開走了。(by短語與完成時(shí)連用)
By the time I got to the bus station，the_bus_had_already_gone.
2．(2017·全國卷Ⅲ·滿分作文)如果對(duì)它感興趣，你可以將你的申請(qǐng)發(fā)至郵箱：pingpong@123.com。(if＋過去分詞)
If_interested_in_it，you may email your application to pingpong@123.com.
3．有幸與一些卓越的主管人員共事，我很高興。(fortune)
I'm glad I have_had_the_good_fortune_to_work_with some brilliant directors.
4．想住在這個(gè)國家北方的人更少。(desire v．)
Fewer people desire_to_live in the north of the country.
課時(shí)作業(yè)B：能力層面
Ⅰ.閱讀理解
A
(2019·成都市畢業(yè)班摸底測(cè)試)A fun way to learn about the people in the destinations you travel to around the globe is to drop into a friendly local bar off the beaten tourist track and enjoy a sip of something the region is famous for.To help you have fun，we've rounded up how to say“Cheers！”around the world.
Who doesn't dream of living the good life in France? The food alone is well worth the trip since the French basically invented fine cuisine.They also invented a little golden liquid called the Champagne! Just before your first sip，look at your friends in the eyes and simply say their“cheers”：à votre santé！
Is it just us，or is the Italian treat called prosecco sweeping the nation by storm? It's lovely anytime: brunch，to celebrate something，or just to slowly sip while catching up with a dear friend.It originated in Italy's Veneto region but is now available all over the world.When in Italy，the most common toast is “cin cin”， which has its origins in China.However，do not use this as a toast in Japan.It is what could get you kicked out of a bar or possibly the entire country.If you find yourself in the land of Japan，stick with “kampai”， which means “cheers！”
If you haven't been to Ireland—what are you waiting for? It's the friendliest place，and one of the funniest on the planet，and the pubs are full of stories，where locals and visitors gather to lift a glass of Guinness.The Irish language can be a bit tricky for visitors to grasp but，again，practice makes perfect.Simply say，“Slàinte mhath.”
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了在法國、意大利、日本和愛爾蘭如何表達(dá)“干杯”。
1．What is the French way of saying “Cheers”？
A．A votre santé.　　　　　 B．Cin cin.
C．Kampai. D．Slàinte mhath.
A　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段尾句“Just before your first sip，look at your friends in the eyes and simply say their ‘cheers’：à votre santé！”可知，在法國，干杯時(shí)說“à votre santé”，故A項(xiàng)正確。]
2．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．The Italian wine.
B．A toast from China.
C．A Japanese custom.
D．A French expression.
B　[代詞指代題。根據(jù)第三段第四、五句“When in Italy，the most common toast is‘cin cin’， which has its origins in China.However，do not use this as a toast in Japan”可知，意大利常見的祝酒詞是“cin cin”，起源于中國；然而在日本，不要把這個(gè)當(dāng)作祝酒詞。結(jié)合該句“It is what could get you kicked out of a bar or possibly the entire country”可知，這種起源于中國的祝酒詞可能讓你被趕出酒吧；據(jù)此可知，It指代源于中國的祝酒詞，故B項(xiàng)正確。]
3．What can we learn about Ireland from the text?
A．It is famous for food.
B．Its language is simple.
C．It makes perfect wine.
D．It is well worth visiting.
D　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)尾段第二句“It's the friendliest place，and one of the funniest on the planet，and the pubs are full of stories，where locals and visitors gather to lift a glass of Guinness”可知，愛爾蘭是最友好的地方，也是世界上最有趣的地方之一，酒吧里充滿了故事，在那里當(dāng)?shù)厝撕陀慰途墼谝黄鹋e杯暢飲。據(jù)此可以判斷，愛爾蘭值得一游，故D項(xiàng)正確。]
4．What's the main purpose of the text?
A．To introduce the world-famous wine.
B．To show how to make friends in bars.
C．To give suggestions on drinking regionally.
D．To recommend some famous travel destinations.
C　[寫作意圖題。通讀全文可知，本文第一段尾句“To help you have fun，we've rounded up how to say ‘Cheers！’ around the world”為文章的主題句，結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了在不同國家和地區(qū)說“干杯”的方式；據(jù)此可以判斷，本文旨在介紹在不同國家和地區(qū)如何說“干杯”，故C項(xiàng)正確。]
B
(2019·陜西省部分學(xué)校摸底檢測(cè))In the story of The Crow and the Pitcher from Aesop's Fables，a thirsty crow(烏鴉) drops stones into a narrow jar to raise the low level of water inside so he can take a drink.
Now scientists have evidence to back up that story.Crows actually do understand how to make water displacement(排水量) work to their advantage，experiments show.The results suggest that the birds are，at least in some aspects，as smart as first-graders.
Researchers，led by Sarah Jelbert at the University of Cambridge，presented six crows with tubes containing water.Inside the tubes，a worm or a piece of meat on a piece of wood was floating，just out of reach of the crow.In front of the tubes，the researchers arranged several rubber erasers that would sink，and some plastic objects that would float.The crows found out that they could drop the erasers into the tubes in order to raise the water level and get their snack.
However，the_birds_handled_awkwardly in experiments in which they could choose to drop objects in either a wide tube or a narrow one to get a snack，the researchers said.Dropping objects into a narrow tube would lift the water level by a greater amount and put the treat within reach after just two drops; while it took around seven drops to raise the snack to the same level in the wide tube.The crows obviously didn't realize this，and most of them went for the wide tube first.
Previous studies showed that chimps and human children can solve similar tasks.In a 2011 study，chimps and kids found out that they could put water into a tube to reach a peanut that was floating in a small amount of water at the bottom.
【語篇解讀】　本文介紹了科學(xué)家通過實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)烏鴉智商的研究。
5．How did the crows get the snack in Sarah's experiment?
A．By breaking the tube.
B．By dropping in erasers.
C．By standing on the wood.
D．By removing the wood.
B　[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“The crows found out that they could drop the erasers into the tubes in order to raise the water level and get their snack”可知，烏鴉能夠把橡皮擦扔到管里，使水位升高，然后吃到零食。所以選B項(xiàng)。]
6．What does the author mean by “the birds handled awkwardly” in Paragraph 4?
A．They were unable to tell different shapes.
B．They dropped objects only into narrow tubes.
C．They were not aware of the snack at first sight.
D．They mostly avoided the easier way to get the snack.
D　[推理判斷題。從第四段可知，實(shí)驗(yàn)中的烏鴉在面對(duì)粗細(xì)不同的管子時(shí)，雖然只需往細(xì)管里投兩次物體就可以夠到零食，而需往粗管里投大約七次物體才能夠到零食，但是烏鴉往往先去粗管那邊，而沒有選擇更容易獲得零食的細(xì)管。由此可推知，畫線部分是說它們通常沒有選擇更容易的方式以得到零食。]
7．What does the text mainly focus on?
A．Stories of Aesop's Fables.
B．The development of crows.
C．Crows' intelligence.
D．Human-animal communication.
C　[主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“The results suggest that the birds are，at least in some aspects，as smart as first-graders”以及下文中的實(shí)驗(yàn)可知，整篇文章都是圍繞烏鴉的智商問題來展開的。]
8．What do we know about crows in the passage?
A．Crows are almost as clever as first-graders in some respects.
B．Crows understand water displacement completely.
C．Chimps and children are much smarter than crows.
D．The story of The Crow and the Pitcher lacks evidence.
A　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“The results suggest that the birds are，at least in some aspects，as smart as first-graders”可知，烏鴉在一些方面幾乎跟一年級(jí)學(xué)生一樣聰明。]
Ⅱ.閱讀七選五
(2019·遼寧省五校協(xié)作體聯(lián)合模擬)
How to Overcome Depression
Suffering from depression means more than just dealing with a bad week or even a bad month.Depression is a weakening condition that can make it impossible for you to enjoy your daily life.To overcome your depression，you have to first determine if what you're feeling are the symptoms of depression.__1__ While medications can help relieve these symptoms，it is still important for depressed people to understand the disorder and develop healthier strategies for coping with it.
Keep yourself busy.
Fill your schedule with events and activities you love.Keeping a busy schedule will force you to stay active，focused，and thinking about the next thing on your list.You can draw up a schedule for each day at the start of the week，or simply plan out each day the night before.__2__
Improve your diet.
__3__ Even if you're losing your appetite，you need to be determined to eat three meals a day.You don't need to try to lose weight or be incredibly health-conscious when you're dealing with your depression，but eating healthier food regularly will improve your mental and physical state.
Think positively.
Being a more positive thinker will help you look at your life and world in a way that fills you with hope instead of despair.To think more positively，you should learn how to recognize your negative thoughts and to fight them with stronger positive thoughts whenever you can.For a jumpstart，find at least five things to be grateful for.__4__
__5__
Neglecting personal hygiene(衛(wèi)生) is a common side effect of depression.While you will not beat your depression by transforming your looks，if you take time to maintain your appearance and hygiene every day，you will feel better about yourself.Shower daily，brush your teeth and wash your hair.
A．Control your emotions.
B．Improve your appearance.
C．Most importantly，be happy about every single day.
D．Whichever method you choose，make a goal of sticking to it.
E．However，not everyone knows depression has a positive side.
F．Eating a healthy，balanced diet can also help you beat depression.
G．If you are feeling sad，lonely，or worthless，you may be suffering from depression.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了幾種克服抑郁癥的方法。
1．G　[根據(jù)空處前后句可知，空處應(yīng)是對(duì)抑郁癥癥狀的列舉。故G項(xiàng)符合語境。]
2．D　[根據(jù)空處前一句中的“draw up a schedule for each day”“or simply plan out each day the night before”可知，選項(xiàng)D中的“Whichever method you choose”與之呼應(yīng)，即我們無論用什么方法，都要制定一個(gè)目標(biāo)堅(jiān)持下去。故D項(xiàng)符合語境。]
3．F　[根據(jù)空前的Improve your diet，并結(jié)合空處下文中的“three meals a day”“but eating healthier food regularly”可知，該段是圍繞“diet”一詞展開的，選項(xiàng)F中的“a healthy，balanced diet”與之呼應(yīng)。故F項(xiàng)符合語境。]
4．C　[結(jié)合段落主題句Think positively可知，該段主要是說要積極地思考，并根據(jù)空前一句可知C項(xiàng)“最重要的是每天都要開心”符合語境。]
5．B　[根據(jù)空處的位置可知，空處為該段的主題句。根據(jù)該段中的“your looks”“your appearance”及“Shower daily，brush your teeth and wash your hair”可知，該段都是圍繞“appearance”展開的，故B項(xiàng)符合語境。]
Ⅲ.語法填空
(2019·福州市質(zhì)量抽測(cè))The information I 1.________(collect) in the last few years leads me to believe that speed reading may be less 2.________(use) than most people think.The claim that you can read and comprehend over 30,000 words per minute is overstated.One researcher proved this in a study where irrelevant and illogical sentences were added to the text.The “speed readers” 3.________ were tested didn't notice the irrelevant lines—the readers who read slowly spotted them immediately.
I've interviewed people who have attended the introductory sessions 4.________(offer) by some speed reading courses.5.________(them) stories indicate that improper methods are sometimes used to sell the courses.Here's how: First，you're asked to read a passage from a book 6.________ which most persons would be unfamiliar.Your reading speed and comprehension are tested during this exercise.Then，after about half 7.________ hour of instruction，another reading test is given.But this time the reading is the one most educated Americans know well—such as Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.Not 8.________(surprising)，persons attending these introductory sessions find that their “exit” speed and comprehension are better than their “entry” 9.________(perform)．
I'm one of the fiction readers who appreciate the beauty in good writing. Occasionally I'll read a passage or sentence over and over just 10.________(let) the beauty of its construction soak in(滲透)．Good writing must be read carefully and thoughtfully to be fully appreciated.
【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。過去幾年“我”收集到的信息表明，快速閱讀可能沒有大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為的那么有用，仔細(xì)閱讀才能領(lǐng)略文字的魅力。
1．have collected/have been collecting　[考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)該句中的“in the last few years”可知，該處可用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，意為“過去幾年收集到的信息讓我相信快速閱讀可能沒有大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為的那么有用”；收集信息的動(dòng)作也可以看成從過去開始一直持續(xù)到當(dāng)前的動(dòng)作，故也可以用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。故填have collected/have been collecting。]
2．useful　[考查形容詞。句意參見上題解析。根據(jù)空前的“be less”及空后的“than”可知，空處應(yīng)用形容詞，故填useful。]
3．who/that　[考查定語從句。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞The “speed readers”，且在從句中作主語，表示人，故用who或that引導(dǎo)該定語從句。]
4．offered　[考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)空后的“by”并結(jié)合語境可知，動(dòng)詞offer和其主語the introductory sessions之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用其過去分詞形式作后置定語。]
5．Their　[考查代詞。根據(jù)空前一句中的“I've interviewed people”及空后的“stories”可知，此處表示“他們的故事”，故用形容詞性物主代詞Their。]
6．with　[考查介詞。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句為“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句，be unfamiliar with sth.為固定用法，意為“對(duì)某事物不熟悉”，故空處應(yīng)填介詞with。]
7．a(chǎn)n　[考查冠詞。half an hour意為“半小時(shí)”，為固定用法，故用不定冠詞an。]
8．surprisingly　[考查副詞。此處應(yīng)用副詞修飾整個(gè)句子，表示“不足為奇的是”，故用surprising的副詞形式surprisingly。]
9．performance(s)　[考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)本句中的“their ‘exit’ speed”以及空前的“their ‘entry’”可知，空處應(yīng)用名詞；performance意為“表現(xiàn)”時(shí)可作可數(shù)名詞，也可作不可數(shù)名詞，故填performance(s)。]
10．to let　[考查動(dòng)詞的不定式。句意：我偶爾會(huì)反復(fù)地閱讀一個(gè)章節(jié)或者一個(gè)句子，僅是為了使其結(jié)構(gòu)之美滲透出來。根據(jù)句意并分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處表示目的，故用動(dòng)詞不定式。]

Ⅳ.短文改錯(cuò)
假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。
修改：在錯(cuò)的詞劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；
2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。
(2019·太原市模擬)There is a tradition in my family.On New Year's Eve，all my relative will come to our house for a feast.As matter of fact，it isn't the food that bring us together but the sense of belonging does.Making dumplings was always great fun.We put a coin into one of the dumplings.Everybody expects to eat the one with the coin inside，because it is said whomever gets the coin will have good fortune in the followed year.When my mom serves the dumplings，they help ourselves immediately，hoping to get the good luck of our entirely year.The coin never comes to me，and I am pretty sure of that the luck is always there.
[答案]　
There is a tradition in my family.On New Year's Eve，all my will come to our house for a feast.As matter of fact，it isn't the food that us together but the sense of belonging does.Making dumplings always great fun.We put a coin into one of the dumplings.Everybody expects to eat the one with the coin inside，because it is said gets the coin will have good fortune in the year.When my mom serves the dumplings， help ourselves immediately，hoping to get the good luck of our year.The coin never comes to me， I am pretty sure of that the luck is always there.
Ⅴ.書面表達(dá)
(2019·惠州市第二次調(diào)研)假定你是李華，你的美國筆友Charlie對(duì)中國文化很感興趣。他和家人將于今年農(nóng)歷新年來中國旅游，請(qǐng)你給他寫一封電子郵件，內(nèi)容包括：
1．歡迎他們來中國；
2．旅行前的準(zhǔn)備。
注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；
2．可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。
Dear Charlie，
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
【參考范文】
Dear Charlie，
I'm delighted to know you are coming to China with your family during the Chinese Lunar New Year, which is a great chance for you to experience Chinese culture personally. Here I am writing to offer you some advice.
It would be a good idea if you could make some preparations before your travel. First of all, learn some simple Chinese, especially the daily expressions, which makes it easier for you to communicate with the locals wherever you go. Besides，to get yourself familiar with some Chinese local customs and traditions may help you behave properly during your stay.
I hope you will find my advice helpful. Wish you a pleasant journey in China.
Yours，
Li Hua

英語朗讀寶
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