
1.答卷前,考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。
2.回答選擇題時,選出每小題答案后,用鉛筆把答題卡對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動,用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。回答非選擇題時,將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。
3.考試結(jié)束后,將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。
第二部分 閱讀(共兩節(jié), 滿分50分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題:每小題2.5分, 滿分37.5分)
閱讀下列短文, 從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。
A
Activity Lead (Brightn)
We’re lking fr enthusiastic, cmmitted, and creative vlunteers wh want t run activities fr ver-50s at cmmunity venues (場地) in the city: exercise grups, arts/crafts, music, singing, dancing, games, quizzes, r an idea f yur wn — we’re always lking t try new activities. The sessins can be weekly, frtnightly r mnthly.
As the Activity Lead, yu will run sessins, supprting thse that attend, making them feel welcme and encuraging them t participate in yur activity.
Yu shuld be psitive, cmpassinate (有同情心的) and able t cmmunicate, and enjy building relatinships and helping thers build cnfidence.Key duties
·Plan, deliver and facilitate a grup activity n an agreed schedule
·Help prmte yur activity lcally
·Recrd attendance details and cllect any activity dnatins t be safely passed t Lifeline staff
·Set up the activity
·Be aware f the different supprt needs f yur attendees
·Be aware f any safeguarding issues that might arise and reprt any cncerns
·Cmply with (遵守) Vlunteering Matters plicies and prcedure
Key attributes (特質(zhì))
·An ability t prvide encuragement and supprt in a sensitive and caring manner fr peple frm a variety f backgrunds
·Gd levels f self-rganisatin, reliability, and timekeeping
·Cmmunicate effectively with a range f peple
·Cmmit t vlunteering fr at least 4 mnths
·Prvide tw references
What we prvide
·Full training fr the rle
·Regular supprt and guidance frm the Lifeline team
·Technical supprt and advice as required
·Reimbursement (補償) fr all ut-f-pcket expenses
·Opprtunities t get recmmended fr psitins in Lifeline’s spnsrs
·A reference cnfirming the cntributin yu have made
1.What d we knw abut the activities mentined in the text?
A.They’re task-fcused.B.They’re senir-friendly.
C.They’re culture-centered.D.They’re knwledge-intensive.
2.What shuld the Activity Lead d?
A.Analyse attendance details.B.Give ut activity dnatins.
C.Prject ptential safety issues.D.Clean up venues after activities.
3.What des Lifeline prvide fr vlunteers?
A.A letter f thanks.B.A ptential jb pprtunity.
C.A minimal-cmmitment psitin.D.A partial refund fr persnal expenses.
【答案】1.B 2.C 3.B
【導(dǎo)語】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章是一則招聘志愿者的啟事,職位是負責(zé)為老年群體組織活動的活動負責(zé)人。
1.細節(jié)理解題。由第一段中“We’re lking fr enthusiastic, cmmitted, and creative vlunteers wh want t run activities fr ver-50s at cmmunity venues (場地) in the city: exercise grups, arts/crafts, music, singing, dancing, games, quizzes, r an idea f yur wn — we’re always lking t try new activities. (我們正在尋找熱情、敬業(yè)、有創(chuàng)造力的志愿者,他們想在城市的社區(qū)場所為50歲以上的人舉辦活動:鍛煉小組、藝術(shù)/手工藝、音樂、唱歌、跳舞、游戲、測驗或一個你自己的想法——我們一直在尋找新的活動)”可知,這些活動的目標(biāo)群體是50歲以上的老年人,所以這些活動是對老年人友好的。故選B項。
2.細節(jié)理解題。由Key duties中“·Be aware f any safeguarding issues that might arise and reprt any cncerns (?了解可能出現(xiàn)的任何安全問題,并報告任何問題)”可知,活動負責(zé)人的職責(zé)之一是關(guān)注可能出現(xiàn)的安全問題并上報,這表明他們需要提前預(yù)估潛在的安全問題。故選C項。
3.細節(jié)理解題。由What we prvide中“·Opprtunities t get recmmended fr psitins in Lifeline’s spnsrs (?獲得Lifeline贊助商職位推薦的機會)”可知,志愿者有機會被推薦給Lifeline的贊助商以獲得職位。故選B項。
B
Last summer, I was assigned t take phts that culd cmmunicate the urgency f climate change in nrthern Canada. When I arrived at an abandned village n Reslute Bay, I scanned the shre with my camera. Suddenly, I sptted a bear lying n the grund. It didn’t mve fr almst an hur. But when it finally std up, I had t catch my breath. The bear’s nce strng bdy was just skin and bnes; every step that it tk was painfully slw.
When I psted the phts n the scial media, I wrte, “This is what starvatin may lk like. I wnder whether the glbal ppulatin f 25,000 plar bears wuld die the way this bear is dying.”
I did nt say that this particular bear was killed by climate change. But news rganizatins arund the wrld fcused n it. The first line f the stry published in Natinal Gegraphic read, “This is what climate change lks like” — with “climate change” highlighted in yellw. Other news agencies even adpted mre dramatic headlines.
It was estimated that my phts had been read by abut 2.5 billin peple arund the wrld. But there was a prblem: Mst peple and the news agencies didn’t pick up r misunderstd the real message I tried t send with them. Many peple expressed gratitude that I’d prvided shcking evidence n climate change, while thers wh are still trying t deny the existence f climate change accused me f spreading false infrmatin.
Perhaps I had made a mistake in nt telling the full stry — that I was lking fr pictures that might fretell the future and that I didn’t knw what had happened t this particular plar bear.
I can’t say that this bear was starving because f climate change, but I am happy that my phts have mved the cnversatin abut climate change t the frefrnt, where it must remain until this prblem is slved.
Until then, when I cme acrss a scene like this ne, I will again share with the wrld—and take pains t be sure that my intentin is clear.
4.Hw did the authr feel when the bear std up?
A.Shcked.B.Scared.C.Amused.D.Relieved.
5.What des the underlined wrd “it” in paragraph 3 refer t?
A.The stry.B.The pht.C.The starving bear.D.Climate change.
6.Why did the authr share thse phts?
A.T prvide mre direct evidence n climate change.
B.T shw the link between the bear and climate change.
C.T warn f the pssible cnsequences f climate change.
D.T expse the false infrmatin abut climate change.
7.What is the best title fr the text?
A.Hw t admit mistakesB.My misunderstd intentin
C.Hw t please readersD.My amazing tur
【答案】4.A 5.D 6.C 7.B
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。本文講述了作者拍攝一張北極熊的照片引發(fā)了對氣候變化討論的故事。
4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“But when it finally std up, I had t catch my breath. The bear’s nce strng bdy was just skin and bnes; every step that it tk was painfully slw.(但當(dāng)它終于站起來時,我不得不屏住呼吸。這只熊曾經(jīng)強壯的身體只剩下皮包骨;它走的每一步都痛苦地緩慢。)”可知,當(dāng)這只熊站起來時,作者看到它瘦骨嶙峋、步履維艱的樣子,感到非常震驚。故選A。
5.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)上文“I did nt say that this particular bear was killed by climate change(我并沒有說這只熊是被氣候變化殺死的。)”和下文“The first line f the stry published in Natinal Gegraphic read, “This is what climate change lks like” — with “climate change” highlighted in yellw.(這篇發(fā)表在《國家地理》雜志上的文章的第一句話是:“這就是氣候變化的樣子”——其中“氣候變化”用黃色突出顯示。)”可知,這些新聞機構(gòu)的關(guān)注點都是“氣候變化”,由此可知,it指代上文提到的“climate change”。故選D。
6.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Last summer, I was assigned t take phts that culd cmmunicate the urgency f climate change in nrthern Canada.(去年夏天,我被指派拍攝一些照片,以傳達加拿大北部氣候變化的緊迫性。)”和第五段“that I was lking fr pictures that might fretell the future.(我在尋找可能預(yù)示未來的圖片)”可知,作者分享這些照片是為了警告人們氣候變化可能帶來的嚴(yán)重后果。故選C。
7.主旨大意題。文章主要講述了作者拍攝的北極熊照片引發(fā)了全球關(guān)注,但作者的真正意圖卻被誤解的故事,由此可知,選項B“我被誤解的意圖”最能概括文章主旨,適合作為本文標(biāo)題。故選B。
C
Yur phne has a screen that displays images and vides. The screen uses tiny dts knwn as pixels (像素) that cnsist f three primary clrs: red, green and blue. By mixing these clrs in different ways, yur phne can shw yu everything frm beautiful beach scenes t cute puppies.
Nw imagine smething similar fr smells. Scientists are develping digital scent technlgy that uses a small number f different cartridges (暗盒) , each cntaining a specific scent. Just like hw pixels mix the three basic clrs t create images, these scent cartridges culd mix t create different smells. Just as images n yur phne are made f digital cdes that represent cmbinatins f pixels, smells prduced by a future phne culd be created thrugh digital cdes. Each smell culd have a specific recipe made up f different amunts f the ingredients in the cartridges.
When yu receive a digital scent cde, yur phne culd mix tiny amunts f the different scents frm the cartridges t create the desired smell. This mix wuld then be released thrugh a small vent n the phne, allwing yu t smell it. With just a few cartridges, yur phne culd ptentially create a huge variety f smells, much like hw red, green and blue pixels can create cuntless clrs.
Creating a phne that can prduce smells invlves several challenges. One is designing a system that can prduce thusands f different smells using nly a few cartridges. Anther is hw t cntrl hw strng a scent shuld be and hw lng a phne shuld send it ut. And phnes will als need t sense drs near them and cnvert thse t digital cdes s yur friends’ phnes can send smells t yu. The cartridges shuld als be easy t refill, and the chemicals in them shuld be safe t breathe. These hurdles make it a tricky but exciting area f research.
8.What enables a phne screen t present diverse visual cntents frm paragraph 1?
A.Special sensrs detecting clrs.B.A unique way fr clr reflectin.
C.Advanced sftware fr image generatin.D.Pixels f three primary clrs in cmbinatin.
9.What can we learn abut digital scent frm paragraph 2?
A.It is created by using cartridges.B.It’s a fully-develped technlgy.
C.It cmes frm the same cartridges.D.It is related t images n mbile phnes.
10.What is ne f the trubles scientists face when develping digital scent technlgy?
A.Creating new scents that dn’t exist in nature.
B.Cmbining all primary clrs t prduce ne smell.
C.Regulating the strength and duratin f scents.
D.Finding a way t emit scents that last fr a lng time.
11.What is the main idea f the text?
A.A cmparisn between image cmbinatin and smell prductin.
B.The develpment and challenges f digital scent technlgy.
C.The advantages f updating a phne that can display images.
D.The histry and future f cmplex phne technlgy.
【答案】8.D 9.A 10.C 11.B
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文,主要介紹了數(shù)字氣味技術(shù),包括它的開發(fā)過程和潛力,以及其面臨的諸多挑戰(zhàn)。
8.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“The screen uses tiny dts knwn as pixels (像素) that cnsist f three primary clrs: red, green and blue. By mixing these clrs in different ways, yur phne can shw yu everything frm beautiful beach scenes t cute puppies.(屏幕使用被稱為像素的小點,由紅、綠、藍三種原色組成。通過以不同的方式混合這些顏色,你的手機可以顯示從美麗的海灘景色到可愛的小狗的一切。)”可知,讓手機屏幕呈現(xiàn)多樣化的視覺內(nèi)容的是三種原色的像素組合。故選D。
9. 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Scientists are develping digital scent technlgy that uses a small number f different cartridges (暗盒) , each cntaining a specific scent.(科學(xué)家們正在開發(fā)數(shù)字氣味技術(shù),該技術(shù)使用少量不同的暗盒,每個暗盒含有一種特定的氣味。)”可知,數(shù)字氣味技術(shù)是通過使用包含特定氣味的暗盒來創(chuàng)建的。故選A。
10.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Anther is hw t cntrl hw strng a scent shuld be and hw lng a phne shuld send it ut. (另一個是如何控制氣味的強度,以及手機應(yīng)該發(fā)出多長時間。)”可知,科學(xué)家在開發(fā)數(shù)字氣味技術(shù)時面臨的一個挑戰(zhàn)是如何調(diào)節(jié)氣味的強度和持續(xù)時間。故選C。
11.主旨大意題。通讀全文,尤其是第二段“Scientists are develping digital scent technlgy that uses a small number f different cartridges (暗盒) , each cntaining a specific scent.(科學(xué)家們正在開發(fā)數(shù)字氣味技術(shù),該技術(shù)使用少量不同的暗盒,每個暗盒含有一種特定的氣味。)”和最后一段“Creating a phne that can prduce smells invlves several challenges.(制造一款可以產(chǎn)生氣味的手機涉及幾個挑戰(zhàn)。)”可知,文章主要介紹了數(shù)字氣味技術(shù),包括它的開發(fā)過程和潛力,以及其面臨的諸多挑戰(zhàn)。因此,本文的主旨是B選項The develpment and challenges f digital scent technlgy.(數(shù)字氣味技術(shù)的發(fā)展與挑戰(zhàn)。)。故選B。
D
Picture yur favrite childhd stuffed animal. Are yu attached t it even thugh yu haven’t played with that creature in years? If s, yu’re nt alne. Parting with pssessins they n lnger use is a struggle fr many peple. As cnsumer psychlgists, we wanted t knw why. T gain sme in sight, we zered in n items with sentimental (情感的) value in a series f studies.
Things that are tied t emtinally significant memries may represent a piece f yur identity. When yu struggle t part with that sprts shirt yu wre n the junir basketball team, fr example, yu are nt really attached t the shirt itself. Instead, yu’re hanging nt the memries represented by that item f clthing yu prbably wn’t wear again. Its sentimental value may make giving the shirt away feel like giving up a piece f yur wn identity.
We set ut t test ways t help peple dnate gds that are meaningful t them. In an nline study, we let ur subjects chse hw t handle this. Nearly tw ut f three pted fr phtgraphy, by far the mst ppular methd. The ther mst cmmn techniques included creating a scrapbk (剪貼簿) r making a vide abut it — the appraches taken by 22 percent f ur participants and writing a nte r making a jurnal entry, which was selected by 13 percent.
T test whether phtgraphing bjects with sentimental value actually increases dnatins, we studied the behavir f Pennsylvania State University (PSU) students and fund that students wh were encuraged t phtgraph things befre giving them away dnated 35 percent mre items than thse wh weren’t.
Hwever, ur findings als suggest that phtgraphy is n universal cure. Fr example, when we asked peple in ur studies t take pictures f these items befre selling them, that actin didn’t help. One pssible explanatin is that they are unwilling t place a mnetary (金錢的) value n treasured pssessins.
12.Why is the sprts shirt mentined in paragraph 2?
A.T shw the influence f sprts n ne’s life.
B.T explain the imprtance f sentimental value.
C.T emphasize the value f a sense f identity.
D.T highlight the significance f childhd memries.
13.What is the least ppular way t help peple dnate meaningful gds?
A.Phtgraphing them.B.Making a vide abut them.
C.Making a jurnal entry fr them.D.Creating a scrapbk fr them.
14.What did the PSU study shw?
A.Shting phts fr their stuff helps peple let g f it.
B.Phtgraphing bjects increases their sentimental value.
C.It is hard t give away items with sentimental value.
D.Cllege students are mre likely t dnate than thers.
15.Why might peple be unwilling t sell their treasured pssessins?
A.They are t attached t them.B.They have truble finding interested buyers.
C.They dn’t knw hw much t charge.D.They dn’t want t mnetize them.
【答案】12.B 13.C 14.A 15.D
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。童年時最喜歡的毛絨動物。即使你已經(jīng)很多年沒有和那個生物一起玩了,你對它還是很依戀。為了了解其原因,消費心理學(xué)家在一系列研究中將注意力集中在具有情感價值的物品上。
12.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Things that are tied t emtinally significant memries may represent a piece f yur identity. When yu struggle t part with that sprts shirt yu wre n the junir basketball team, fr example, yu are nt really attached t the shirt itself. Instead, yu’re hanging nt the memries represented by that item f clthing yu prbably wn't wear again. Its sentimental value may make giving the shirt away feel like giving up a piece f yur wn identity.(與情感上重要的記憶相關(guān)的事物可能代表著你的身份的一部分。例如,當(dāng)你很難脫掉你在少年籃球隊穿的那件運動衫時,你并不是真的喜歡這件運動衫本身。相反,你會牢牢抓住那件你可能不會再穿的衣服所代表的記憶。它的情感價值可能會讓贈送這件運動衫感覺就像放棄了你自己的一部分身份。)”可知,這件運動衫承載著你的情感價值,放棄這件運動衫就像放棄了自己身體的一部分,由此可推知,第2段提到運動衫是為了解釋情感價值的重要性。故選B。
13.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“In an nline study, we let ur subjects chse hw t handle this. Nearly tw ut f three pted fr phtgraphy, by far the mst ppular methd. The ther mst cmmn techniques included creating a scrapbk ( 剪貼簿) r making a vide abut it — the appraches taken by 22 percent f ur participants and writing a nte r making a jurnal entry, which was selected by 13 percent.(在一項在線研究中,我們讓受試者選擇如何處理這個問題。近三分之二的人選擇了攝影,這是迄今為止最受歡迎的方法。其他最常見的技巧包括制作剪貼簿或制作有關(guān)剪貼簿的視頻——22% 的參與者采用了這種方法,還有 13% 的參與者選擇了寫筆記或制作日記條目。)”可知,通過比較可知,幫助人們捐贈有意義的物品的最不受歡迎的方式是為它們寫日記。故選C。
14.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“T test whether phtgraphing bjects with sentimental value actually increases dnatins, we studied the behavir f Pennsylvania State University (PSU) students and fund that students wh were encuraged t phtgraph things befre giving them away dnated 35 percent mre items than thse wh weren’t.(為了測試拍攝具有情感價值的物品是否真的會增加捐贈,我們研究了賓夕法尼亞州立大學(xué) (PSU) 學(xué)生的行為,發(fā)現(xiàn)那些被鼓勵在贈送物品前拍攝物品的學(xué)生比那些沒有鼓勵的學(xué)生捐贈的物品多了35%)”可知,PSU的研究表明,那些被鼓勵在贈送物品前拍攝物品的學(xué)生比那些沒有鼓勵的學(xué)生捐贈的物品多了35%,由此可推知,為自己的東西拍攝照片可以幫助人們放下它。故選A。
15.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Fr example, when we asked peple in ur studies t take pictures f these items befre selling them, that actin didn’t help. One pssible explanatin is that they are unwilling t place a mnetary (金錢的) value n treasured pssessins.(例如,當(dāng)我們要求研究人員在出售這些物品之前為其拍照時,這種行為并沒有幫助。一種可能的解釋是,他們不愿意用金錢來衡量珍貴的財產(chǎn))”可知,人們不愿意出售他們的珍貴財產(chǎn)是因為他們不想用金錢來衡量珍貴的財產(chǎn),故選D。
第二節(jié)(共5小題:每小題2. 5分, 滿分12. 5分)
閱讀下面短文, 從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
In every culture thrughut time, the kitchen has had a pwerful influence. The simple practice f sitting dwn tgether at the table gives us the chance t cnnect and cmmunicate. 16
It depends n where yu live, yur age, and ther factrs, but the answer is, yes. Our intentins fr “hme” are evlving.
17 Fast-paced lifestyles and wrk schedules make it hard t find time t shp fr grceries and prepare meals. Online fd delivery services have taken ff, t. In 2016, ne in 10 Chinese were rdering fd nline. Thrughut Eurpe, nline rdering is capturing 56 percent f the market in Sweden and 43 percent in Austria. In India, nline fd rdering is expected t reach clse t $12m(US)by 2023.
While there is a trend twards bring-in and rder-in fd, as well as dining ut, the kitchen is still a cre in hme life. Fd & Wine cited a survey in 22 cuntries asking abut cking habits. 18 At the lwer end were Suth Kreans, wh spent just 3.7 hurs per week cking. Peple in India were at the tp with 13.2 hurs per week spent in the kitchen.
Simply being in the kitchen, cking and eating with ther peple, can have healthy benefits. Regardless f its size, the kitchen is a warm and inviting place. 19 The difference is, nw yu can fllw a recipe n yur iPad while cking.
It’s true that impersnal appliances are cnnecting t each ther and t us. Refrigeratrs rder vegetables. Cktp hds with sensrs turn n by themselves. While technlgy and ur expectatins fr the kitchen are shape-shifting in real time, the fundamentals remain the same. 20
A.S is cking a way t express yurself?
B.The glbal average was almst 6.5 hurs.
C.But is ur relatinship t the kitchen changing?
D.It’s like gathering arund a campfire in the past.
E.Peple seem t be spending less time cking wrldwide.
F.Nw mre f them are eating utside the hme mre frequently.
G.The kitchen is where we cnnect with fd and cmpany in the sul f the hme.
【答案】16.C 17.E 18.B 19.D 20.G
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要探討了廚房在人們生活中的重要性,以及隨著時代發(fā)展人們與廚房的關(guān)系正在發(fā)生變化,如快節(jié)奏生活導(dǎo)致人們烹飪時間減少、外賣興起等,但同時強調(diào)廚房仍然是家庭生活的核心,在廚房中與他人一起烹飪和用餐對健康有益,且盡管廚房相關(guān)的科技在發(fā)展,但廚房作為家庭中與食物和家人聯(lián)系的核心地位這一基本原理并未改變。
16.根據(jù)上文“In every culture thrughut time, the kitchen has had a pwerful influence. The simple practice f sitting dwn tgether at the table gives us the chance t cnnect and cmmunicate. (在古往今來的每一種文化中,廚房都產(chǎn)生了強大的影響。一起坐在餐桌旁的簡單練習(xí)讓我們有機會建立聯(lián)系和交流。)”及下文“It depends n where yu live, yur age, and ther factrs, but the answer is, yes. Our intentins fr ‘hme’ are evlving. (這取決于你住在哪里、你的年齡和其他因素,但答案是肯定的。我們對‘家’的意圖正在演變。)”可知,空處為過渡句,且為問句,設(shè)問廚房與我們之間的關(guān)系是否變化,與C項“But is ur relatinship t the kitchen changing? (但是我們與廚房的關(guān)系是否發(fā)生了變化?)”上下文一致,承上啟下,故選C項。
17.根據(jù)下文“Fast-paced lifestyles and wrk schedules make it hard t find time t shp fr grceries and prepare meals. Online fd delivery services have taken ff, t. In 2016, ne in 10 Chinese were rdering fd nline. (快節(jié)奏的生活方式和工作日程使人們很難找到時間購買雜貨和準(zhǔn)備飯菜。在線食品配送服務(wù)也已經(jīng)起飛。2016年,每10個中國人中就有1個在網(wǎng)上訂購食物。)”可知,人們在烹飪上花費的時間在減少,與E項“Peple seem t be spending less time cking wrldwide. (全世界人們花在烹飪上的時間似乎越來越少。)”上下文一致,符合文意,故選E項。
18.根據(jù)上文“While there is a trend twards bring-in and rder-in fd, as well as dining ut, the kitchen is still a cre in hme life. Fd & Wine cited a survey in 22 cuntries asking abut cking habits. (雖然有自帶和點餐以及外出就餐的趨勢,但廚房仍然是家庭生活的核心。Fd & Wine引用了22個國家的一項調(diào)查,詢問烹飪習(xí)慣。)”并結(jié)合下文“At the lwer end were Suth Kreans, wh spent just 3.7 hurs per week cking. Peple in India were at the tp with 13.2 hurs per week spent in the kitchen. (處于較低端的是韓國人,他們每周僅花3.7小時做飯。印度人則處于頂端,每周在廚房花費13.2小時。)”可知,空處出做飯所花時間有關(guān),與B項“The glbal average was almst 6.5 hurs. (全球平均時間接近6.5小時。)”上下文一致,符合文意,故選B項。
19.根據(jù)上文“Regardless f its size, the kitchen is a warm and inviting place. (無論廚房大小,它都是一個溫暖而誘人的地方。)”可知,廚房是溫暖且吸引人的地方,與D項“It’s like gathering arund a campfire in the past. (過去圍著篝火聚會。)”上下文一致,符合文意,形象地說明了廚房的這種氛圍。故選D項。
20.根據(jù)上文“While technlgy and ur expectatins fr the kitchen are shape-shifting in real time, the fundamentals remain the same. (雖然技術(shù)和我們對廚房的期望正在實時變化,但基本原理保持不變。)”可知,廚房的在家庭中的意義重大,與G項“The kitchen is where we cnnect with fd and cmpany in the sul f the hme. (廚房是我們與食物和家的靈魂相處的地方。)”上下文一致,符合文意,故選G項。
第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)
第一節(jié)(共15小題:每小題1分,滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文, 從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。
Omar Nk embarked n a nine-mnth jurney frm Egypt t Japan with ne rule: n flying. The restrictin, he fund, turned ut t be 21 but limiting. “Taking ther mdes f transprt,” he said, “allws me t see as much f the wrld as I can and nt 22 anything. It’s mre 23 . Things can happen n the way.”
Nk, a 30-year-ld Egyptian German 24 in Cair, had never traveled east f Egypt befre. This past week — 275 days later — he 25 it t Tky, cmpleting his 28,700-mile jurney.
T get there, he traveled by ft, hitchhiking, bus, train, ferry, mtrcycle, ship, bicycle, camel and hrse. He’s diligently 26 his daily adventures n his Instagram accunt, which has 27 t mre than 750,000 fllwers. His nly cnstant was his backpack, n heavier than 28 punds, cntaining abut a week’s wrth f clthes.
When 28 the trip, Nk had his destinatins mapped ut, but nt his daily rute. Keeping himself in the dark a bit when traveling, he said, helps him limit his 29 and stay pen. With sme cuntries, he said, it was 30 nt t cme in with precnceived ntins (先入之見). His perceptins f sme Middle East cuntries, fr example, were 31 by news cverage that has lng cast the regin as unsafe and cnflict-ridden. But in his actual experiences, what 32 t Nk was the warmth and genersity f the peple there.
Nk’s psts have fueled 33 dialgue amng his fllwers. “I culd see it always, everywhere in the cmments — the 34 were learning that gd peple are everywhere despite the cuntry, race, 35 . We, as humans, have mre in cmmn than we have differences.”
21.A.smethingB.nthingC.a(chǎn)nythingD.nne
22.A.wasteB.lseC.skipD.spil
23.A.eventfulB.meaningfulC.fruitfulD.delightful
24.A.lcatedB.basedC.headquarteredD.established
25.A.madeB.managedC.finishedD.gt
26.A.capturedB.representedC.publishedD.dcumented
27.A.imprvedB.declinedC.ballnedD.remained
28.A.takingB.planningC.recrdingD.recalling
29.A.imaginatinB.expectatinsC.fearsD.a(chǎn)mbitins
30.A.impssibleB.incredibleC.flexibleD.desirable
31.A.changedB.clredC.frmedD.cnfirmed
32.A.gt acrssB.std utC.came dwnD.tk place
33.A.cntrversialB.indifferentC.negativeD.psitive
34.A.travelersB.listenersC.speakersD.viewers
35.A.incmeB.a(chǎn)geC.religinD.gender
【答案】
21.C 22.C 23.A 24.B 25.A 26.D 27.C 28.B 29.B 30.A 31.B 32.B 33.D 34.D 35.C
【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Nk踏上了從埃及到日本的為期九個月的旅程,他在自己的Instagram賬戶上認真記錄了自己的日常冒險經(jīng)歷,在旅行前只規(guī)劃了目的地,沒有詳細規(guī)劃路線,他認為保持未知可以降低預(yù)期,保持開放的心態(tài),Nk的帖子引發(fā)了粉絲間的積極討論,他們認識到無論國家、種族、宗教,好人無處不在。
21.考查代詞詞義辨析。句意:“他發(fā)現(xiàn),事實證明,這種限制絕不是限制。A. smething某物;B. nthing沒有什么;C. anything任何事物;D. nne沒有一個。由上文“Omar Nk embarked n a nine-mnth jurney frm Egypt t Japan with ne rule: n flying. (Omar Nk踏上了從埃及到日本的為期九個月的旅程,但有一條規(guī)定:禁止飛行)”和下文““Taking ther mdes f transprt,” he said, “allws me t see as much f the wrld (“乘坐其他交通方式,”他說,“讓我盡可能多地了解世界)”可知,Nk有其它交通方式去日本,對于旅行不能飛去日本的這個限制,它根本不是限制,anything but (決不,根本不)。故選C項。
22.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:“乘坐其他交通方式,”他說,“讓我盡可能多地了解世界,而不會跳過任何事情。這有更多的變故。事情可能會在途中發(fā)生?!盇. waste浪費;B. lse失去;C. skip跳過;D. spil破壞。由上文““Taking ther mdes f transprt,” he said, “allws me t see as much f the wrld ”可知,其它交通方式能讓Nk盡可能多地了解世界,所以Nk不會跳過任何事情。故選C項。
23.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:“乘坐其他交通方式,”他說,“讓我盡可能多地了解世界,而不會跳過任何事情。這有更多的變故。事情可能會在途中發(fā)生。”A. eventful多變故的;B. meaningful意味深長的;C. fruitful富有成效的;D. delightful令人愉快的。由下文“Things can happen n the way.”可知,途中可能會發(fā)生任何事,所以旅途充滿變故。故選A項。
24.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:30歲的Nk是一名居住在開羅的埃及裔德國人,他以前從未去過埃及的東邊。A. lcated定位;B. based以……為據(jù)點;C. headquartered設(shè)立總部;D. established建立。由下文“in Cair, had never traveled east f Egypt befre”可知,Nk是個埃及-德國雙重身份的人,此處指從未去過埃及東邊的Nk根基在開羅,暗指他住在開羅,be based in (基于)可用于表示某人常駐某地。故選B項。
25.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:在過去的一周,即275天后,他抵達東京,完成了28700英里的旅程。A. made制造;B. managed管理;C. finished完成;D. gt得到。由下文“it t Tky, cmpleting his 28,700-mile jurney”可知,成了28700英里旅程的他成功抵達東京,make it t (到達)。故選A項。
26.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:他在自己的Instagram賬戶上認真記錄了自己的日常冒險經(jīng)歷,該賬戶已激增至75萬多名粉絲。A. captured捕獲;B. represented代表;C. published出版;D. dcumented記錄。呼應(yīng)下文“Nk’s psts (Nk的帖子)”講Nk在自己的Instagram帖子上認真記錄自己的日常冒險經(jīng)歷。故選D項。
27.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:他在自己的Instagram賬戶上認真記錄了自己的日常冒險經(jīng)歷,該賬戶已激增至75萬多名粉絲。A. imprved提高;B. declined下降;C. ballned(突然)膨脹;D. remained留下。由下文“t mre than 750,000 fllwers”可知,Nk的Instagram賬戶上的內(nèi)容受到了大量關(guān)注,粉絲人數(shù)暴增。故選C項。
28.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:在計劃這次旅行時,Nk已經(jīng)規(guī)劃好了他的目的地,但沒有規(guī)劃好他的日常路線。A. taking攜帶;B. planning計劃;C. recrding記錄;D. recalling回憶起。由下文“Nk had his destinatins mapped ut”可知,計劃旅程時,Nk提前安排了目的地。故選B項。
29.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:他說,旅行時讓自己保持一點無知,有助于他限制自己的期望,保持開放。A. imaginatin想象力;B. expectatins期望;C. fears恐懼;D. ambitins追求的目標(biāo)。由上文“Keeping himself in the dark a bit when traveling”和下文“stay pen”可知,Nk希望通過保持未知元素來降低自己的期待值,對一切保持開放。故選B項。
30.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:他說,對于一些國家來說,不可能不帶著先入為主的觀念進入。A. impssible不可能的;B. incredible難以置信的;C. flexible靈活的;D. desirable可取的。由下文“But in his actual experiences, what ____12____ t Nk was the warmth and genersity f the peple there. (但在他的實際經(jīng)歷中,對諾克……是那里人民的熱情和慷慨)”講Nk在到達中東后真實體驗到的中東情況和常識可知,不可能不帶有先入之見看待一個國家。故選A項。
31.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:例如,他對一些中東國家的看法受到新聞報道的渲染,這些報道長期以來一直將該地區(qū)描述為不安全和充滿沖突的地區(qū)。A. changed變化;B. clred著色、渲染;C. frmed構(gòu)成;D. cnfirmed確認。由下文“But in his actual experiences, what ____12____ t Nk was the warmth and genersity f the peple there. (但在他的實際經(jīng)歷中,對諾克……是那里人民的熱情和慷慨)”講Nk在到達中東后真實體驗到的中東情況可知,一開始Nk認為中東地區(qū)不安全和充滿沖突,說明地區(qū)的印象通常被新聞報道所渲染。故選B項。
32.考查動詞短語辨析。句意:但在他的實際經(jīng)歷中,令Nk印象深刻的是那里人民的熱情和慷慨。A. gt acrss被理解;B. std ut引人注目;C. came dwn下降;D. tk place發(fā)生。結(jié)合轉(zhuǎn)折詞But,與上文“His perceptins f sme Middle East cuntries, fr example, were ____11____ by news cverage that has lng cast the regin as unsafe and cnflict-ridden. (例如,他對一些中東國家的看法受到新聞報道的渲染,這些報道長期以來一直將該地區(qū)描述為不安全和充滿沖突的地區(qū))”形成對比可知,中東地區(qū)人民的熱情和慷慨引人注目,令Nk印象深刻。故選B項。
33.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:Nk的帖子推動了他的追隨者之間的積極對話。A. cntrversial有爭議的;B. indifferent漠不關(guān)心的;C. negative負面的;D. psitive積極的。由下文“gd peple are everywhere despite the cuntry, race (無論國家、種族如何,好人無處不在)”和“We, as humans, have mre in cmmn than we have differences. (作為人類,我們有更多的共同點,而不是分歧)”可知,Nk的帖子激發(fā)了其粉絲之間的積極對話。故選D項。
34.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:“我總能在評論中看到這一點——觀看者了解到,無論國家、種族、宗教如何,好人無處不在。作為人類,我們有更多的共同點,而不是分歧。”A. travelers旅行者;B. listeners聽者;C. speakers發(fā)言者;D. viewers觀看者。呼應(yīng)上文“He’s diligently ____6____ his daily adventures n his Instagram accunt (他在自己的Instagram賬戶上認真記錄了自己的日常冒險經(jīng)歷)”和“Nk’s psts (Nk的帖子)”講帖子觀看者們通過評論認識到世界各地都有好人。故選D項。
35.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:“我總能在評論中看到這一點——觀眾們了解到,無論國家、種族、宗教如何,好人無處不在。作為人類,我們有更多的共同點,而不是分歧?!盇. incme收入;B. age年齡;C. religin宗教;D. gender性別。由上文“despite the cuntry, race”和常識中東地區(qū)宗教盛行可知,通過Nk的冒險之旅帖子,觀眾們了解到,無論國家、種族、宗教如何,好人無處不在。故選C項。
第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)
第二節(jié)(共15小題:每小題1分,滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
American literature, the bdy f written wrks 36 (prduce) in the English language in the United States.
Like ther natinal literatures, American literature was shaped by the histry f the cuntry that prduced it. Fr almst a century and 37 half, America was merely a grup f clnies scattered alng the eastern seabard f the Nrth American cntinent — clnies frm 38 a few hardy suls tentatively ventured westward. After a successful rebellin against the mtherland, America became the United States, a natin. By the end f the 19th century this natin extended suthward t the Gulf f Mexic, nrthward t the 39 (frty-nine) parallel, and westward t the Pacific. By the end f the 19th century, t, it 40 (take) its place amng the pwers f the wrld — its frtunes s interrelated with thse f ther natins that inevitably it became invlved in tw wrld wars and, 41 (fllw) these cnflicts, 42 the prblems f Eurpe and East Asia.
This article traces the histry f American petry, drama, fictin, and scial and 43 (liter) criticism frm the early 17th century thrugh the turn f the 21st century. Fr a descriptin f the ral and written literatures f the indigenus peples f the Americas, 44 (see) Native American literature, thugh the cntributins f African Americans t American literature 45 (discuss) in this article.
【答案】
36.prduced 37.a(chǎn) 38.which 39.frty-ninth 40.had taken 41.fllwing 42.with 43.literary 44.see 45.a(chǎn)re discussed
【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了美國文學(xué)的發(fā)展歷程及其涵蓋的主要領(lǐng)域。
36.考查非謂語動詞。句意:美國文學(xué)是指在美國用英語創(chuàng)作的文學(xué)作品的總稱。本空作wrks的后置定語,且wrks與prduce“制作,生產(chǎn)”構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系,故用過去分詞,作定語。故填prduced。
37.考查副詞。句意:在將近一個半世紀(jì)的時間里,美國僅僅是一群散落在北美大陸東海岸的殖民地。表示“半個”用a half,本空用冠詞a,符合題意。故填a。
38.考查介詞。句意:在將近一個半世紀(jì)的時間里,美國僅僅是一群散落在北美大陸東海岸的殖民地,來自這些殖民地的一些堅強的人們試著向西進發(fā)。clnies后為限制性定語從句,先行詞是clnies,指物,關(guān)系詞代替先行詞在從句中作frm的賓語,應(yīng)用“介詞frm+關(guān)系代詞which”引導(dǎo)定語從句。故填which。
39.考查序數(shù)詞。句意:到19世紀(jì)末,這個國家向南擴展到墨西哥灣,向北擴展到四十九度緯線,向西擴展到太平洋。表示“第四十九”應(yīng)用序數(shù)詞frty-ninth,作定語修飾名詞parallel。故填frty-ninth。
40.考查時態(tài)。句意:到19世紀(jì)末,它也躋身于世界強國之列——它的命運與其他國家的命運如此緊密相連,以至于它不可避免地卷入了兩次世界大戰(zhàn),并在這些沖突之后,卷入了歐洲和東亞的問題。take its place“取得了它的地位”。本空為句子謂語,根據(jù)上文“By the end f the 19th century, t”可知,時態(tài)應(yīng)用過去完成時。故填had taken。
41.考查介詞。句意:到19世紀(jì)末,它也躋身于世界強國之列——它的命運與其他國家的命運如此緊密相連,以至于它不可避免地卷入了兩次世界大戰(zhàn),并在這些沖突之后,卷入了歐洲和東亞的問題。表示“在(某事)以后”,用介詞fllwing。句首單詞首字母要大寫。故填fllwing。
42.考查介詞。句意:到19世紀(jì)末,它也躋身于世界強國之列——它的命運與其他國家的命運如此緊密相連,以至于它不可避免地卷入了兩次世界大戰(zhàn),并在這些沖突之后,卷入了歐洲和東亞的問題。be invlved with為固定短語,表示“參與,涉及到”,本空用with,符合題意。故填with。
43.考查形容詞。句意:本文追溯了從17世紀(jì)初到21世紀(jì)初美國詩歌、戲劇、小說以及社會和文學(xué)批評的歷史。空處修飾名詞criticism,應(yīng)用形容詞literary“文學(xué)的”,作定語。故填literary。
44.考查祈使句。句意:要了解美洲土著人民的口頭和書面文學(xué),請參閱美洲原住民文學(xué),盡管本文討論了非裔美國人對美國文學(xué)的貢獻。主句為祈使句,以動詞原形開頭,本空用see“看”的原形。故填see。
45.考查動詞語態(tài)。句意:要了解美洲土著人民的口頭和書面文學(xué),請參閱美洲原住民文學(xué),盡管本文討論了非裔美國人對美國文學(xué)的貢獻。從句描述一般事實,時態(tài)應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時,主語the cntributins與動詞discuss“討論”構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系,從句用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài),且主語為cntributins,be動詞用are。故填are discussed。
第四部分 寫作(共兩節(jié), 滿分40分)
第一節(jié)(滿分15分)
46.假如你是李華,你的美國朋友Jack建議你使用AI輔助學(xué)習(xí),請你給Jack寫一封信,表述你對此事的看法。內(nèi)容包括:
1.表達自己的觀點和態(tài)度;
2.提出一些建議。
注意:1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個左右;
2.請按如下格式在答題紙的相應(yīng)位置作答。
Dear Jack.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs.
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jack,
I’m writing t share with yu my pinin n using AI fr learning. I believe that AI can be a helpful tl t enhance ur study efficiency, especially fr subjects like mathematics and languages. It can ffer persnalized feedback and help us fcus n areas where we need imprvement.
Therefre, I suggest we use AI wisely. Firstly, it’s imprtant t maintain a balance and nt verly depend n it. AI shuld cmplement traditinal learning methds, nt replace them. Further mre, we shuld als be cautius abut its limitatins and always verify the infrmatin it prvides.
In shrt, AI shuld be used as a supplementary tl, rather than replacing the abilities f critical thinking and creativity.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達屬于應(yīng)用文,要求考生就你的美國朋友Jack建議你使用AI輔助學(xué)習(xí)這事寫一封信,表述你對此事的看法。其內(nèi)容包括:表達自己的觀點和態(tài)度和提出一些建議。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
觀點: pinin→view
尤其:especially→particular
幫助:help→assist
因此: therefre→thus
2.句式拓展
簡單句變復(fù)合句
原句:I’m writing t share with yu my pinin n using AI fr learning.
拓展句:I’m writing t share with yu my pinin n whether we shuld use AI fr learning.
【點睛】【高分句型1】I believe that AI can be a helpful tl t enhance ur study efficiency, especially fr subjects like mathematics and languages. (運用了that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句)
【高分句型2】 It can ffer persnalized feedback and help us fcus n areas where we need imprvement.(運用了where引導(dǎo)的定語從句)
第二節(jié)(滿分25分)
47.閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。
Yung Martin frm America had always dreamt f visiting sme small twns f Italy. Finally, he saved enugh mney and set ff n his jurney alne, filled with expectatin fr the experiences that awaited him.
Upn his arrival at a small twn, Martin fund a small htel and decided t check in. He was received by the htel wner Emma, an elderly lcal wman wh nly spke Italian. Frtunately, he knew a little Italian and finally settled in his cmfrtable rm.
The days went smthly and Martin was amazed by the beauty f the small twn. What made his stay mre pleasant was Emma’s kindness and genersity. Thugh she seldm talked with him, she shared delicius fd with him and really cared abut him. Martin felt lucky and grateful that he had met such a kind lcal. Actually, Martin’s presence made Emma happy as well.
Hwever, the peace was brken n the last day f Martin’s stay. He was ut in the mrning and at lunchtime culdn’t find his bag he always carried with him. He gt wrried as the bag cntained his passprt and mney. He searched every place he had been t, but culdn’t find his bag. He went t the lcal plice statin because he thught thse wh fund his bag with a passprt in it might hand it t the plice fficers. Hwever, the language barrier psed a big challenge. His limited Italian and the plice fficers’ little knwledge f English made the cmmunicatin discuraging and cnfusing. His effrts didn’t pay ff.
Martin didn’t return t the htel until the night fell. Emma was relieved t see him back, but sn nticed he didn’t carry his black-and-white bag. Frm his brken Italian and bdy language, she learned he had lst it.
注意:1. 續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個左右;
2. 請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。
The next mrning. Emma ffered t help Martin.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
In the afternn, Emma received a call frm the plice statin.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible versin:
The next mrning, Emma ffered t help Martin. She accmpanied him t reprt the incident t the plice fficers again, cmmunicating with them in fluent Italian. Giving a detailed accunt f the lst bag, including its clr and size, she als emphasized the imprtance f the bag t Martin as she knew he had always carried it with him. The lcal fficers tk sme ntes and prmised t infrm them if anyne handed in the lst bag. Emma left the htel’s phne number and tk Martin back t the htel.
In the afternn, Emma received a call frm the plice statin. The fficer wh called tld her that smene had fund the bag and it culd be claimed befre the night. Excited and grateful, Martin fllwed Emma t get his bag, in which his passprt and mney remained. Martin was s thrilled that he gave Emma a big hug and expressed his sincere gratitude in English. Lking at Emma’s cnfused face, Martin quickly said “thank yu” in Italian. Emma smiled back, which inspired Martin t extend his stay in this lvely twn.
【導(dǎo)語】本文以人物為線索展開。美國青年馬丁夢想訪問意大利小鎮(zhèn),終于存夠錢獨自啟程。在一家小旅館,他遇到了只會說意大利語的老板娘艾瑪,兩人雖語言不通,但相處融洽。馬丁享受著小鎮(zhèn)之美和艾瑪?shù)纳埔?。然而,在最后一天上午,馬丁丟失了裝有護照和錢的包,尋找未果后去警局求助,因語言障礙未能成功。直到夜晚,馬丁才回到旅館,艾瑪發(fā)現(xiàn)他丟了包。
【詳解】1.段落續(xù)寫
①由第一段句首內(nèi)容“第二天早上,艾瑪主動提出幫助馬丁。”可知,第一段可以描寫艾瑪對于馬丁的幫助。
②由第二段句首內(nèi)容“下午,艾瑪接到了警察局的電話?!笨芍?,第二段可以描寫找到包后的動作和心理。
2.續(xù)寫線索:動提出幫助馬丁—幫助—接到警察局的電話—找到—感謝
3.詞匯激活
行為類
①與某人溝通:cmmunicate with sb./talk with sb.
②詳細說明:give a detailed accunt f/describe sth. in detail
③強調(diào):emphasize/stress
情緒類
①興奮的:excited/excitative
②感激的:grateful/thankful
【點睛】【高分句型1】The lcal fficers tk sme ntes and prmised t infrm them if anyne handed in the lst bag. (運用了if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句)
【高分句型2】The fficer wh called tld her that smene had fund the bag and it culd be claimed befre the night. (運用了wh引導(dǎo)的定語從句、that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句)
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