II.Grammar and Vcabulary （每題1分；共20分）
Sectin A
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
A team f engineers at Harvard University has been inspired by Nature t create the first rbtic fly. The mechanical fly has becme a platfrm fr a series f new high- tech integrated systems. Designed t d what a fly des naturally, the tiny machine is the size f a fat husefly. Its mini wings allw it t stay in the air and perfrm 1 (cntrl) flight tasks.
“It’s extremely imprtant fr us t think abut this 2 whle system and nt just the sum f a bunch f individual cmpnents,” said Rbert Wd, the Harvard engineering prfessr wh has been wrking n the rbtic fly prject fr ver a decade. A few years ag, his team gt the g-ahead 3 (start) piecing tgether the cmpnents.“ The added difficulty with a prject like this is that actually 4 f thse cmpnents can be brught and used immediately and s we have t develp all f them n ur wn,” he said.
They engineered a series f systems t start and drive the rbtic fly. “The seemingly simple system which just mves the wings has a number f interdependencies n the individual cmpnents, each f 5 individually has t perfrm well, but then has t be matched well t everything it 6 (cnnect) t,” said Wd. The flight device was built int a set f pwer, cmputatin, sensing and cntrl systems. Wd says the success f the prject prves that the flying rbt with these tiny cmpnents 7 be built and manufactured.
8 this first rbtic flyer is linked t a small, ff-bard pwer surce, the gal is eventually t equip it with a built-in pwer surce, s that it might smeday perfrm data-gathering wrk at rescue sites, in farmers’ fields r n the battlefield. “Basically it shuld be able t take ff, land and fly arund,” he said.
Wd says the design ffers a new way t study flight mechanics and cntrl at insect-scale. Yet, the pwer, sensing and cmputatin technlgies n bard culd have 9 (brad) applicatins.“ Yu can start thinking abut using them t answer pen scientific questins, yu knw, t study bilgy in ways that wuld be difficult with the animals, but using these rbts instead,” he said.“ S there are a lt f technlgies and pen interesting scientific questins that are really 10 drives us n a day-t-day basis.”
【答案】
1．cntrlled 2．as 3．t start 4．nne 5．which 6．is cnnected 7．can 8．Althugh/Thugh/While 9．brader 10．what
【導語】本文為說明文。文章介紹了哈佛大學團隊創(chuàng)造了第一只機器人蒼蠅。機械蒼蠅已成為一系列新的高科技集成系統(tǒng)的平臺，它可以做自然蒼蠅做的事情，還可以在空中并執(zhí)行飛行任務。但最終目標是為它配備內置電源，以便它有朝一日可以在救援地點、農田或戰(zhàn)場上進行數據收集工作。
1．考查形容詞。句意：它的迷你翅膀使它能夠停留在空中并執(zhí)行控制飛行任務。修飾名詞tasks應用形容詞cntrlled。故填cntrlled。
2．考查介詞。句意：哈佛大學工程學教授羅伯特·伍德說：“對我們來說，把它當作一個完整的系統(tǒng)來考慮，而不僅僅是一堆單獨部件的總和，這一點非常重要?！蔽榈聫氖聶C器人蒼蠅項目已有十多年了。表示“作為”，后跟名詞作賓語，用介詞as。故填as。
3．考查非謂語動詞。句意：幾年前，他的團隊獲得了開始拼湊組件的許可。修飾g-ahead用不定式作后置定語。故填t start。
4．考查代詞。句意：他說：“像這樣一個項目的額外困難是，實際上這些組件都不能立即使用，所以我們必須自己開發(fā)所有這些組件?！贝颂幈硎尽皼]有任何一個”短語為nne f。故填nne。
5．考查定語從句。句意：伍德說:“這個看似簡單的系統(tǒng)只是移動翅膀，但它與各個部件之間有很多相互依賴的關系，每個部件都必須表現(xiàn)良好，而且必須與它所連接的所有部件很好地匹配?！贝颂帪榻樵~+關系代詞結構非限制性定語從句修飾先行詞cmpnents，作介詞的賓語，指物，故填which。
6．考查固定短語。句意：伍德說:“這個看似簡單的系統(tǒng)只是移動翅膀，但它與各個部件之間有很多相互依賴的關系，每個部件都必須表現(xiàn)良好，而且必須與它所連接的所有部件很好地匹配?！倍陶Zbe cnnected t表示“與……連接”，陳述事實用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語為it，謂語用單數。故填is cnnected。
7．考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：伍德說，這個項目的成功證明，帶有這些微小部件的飛行機器人是可以建造和制造的。后跟動詞原形，表示“可以”用情態(tài)動詞can。故填can。
8．考查狀語從句。句意：雖然第一個飛行機器人與一個小型的機載電源相連，但最終的目標是為它配備一個內置的電源，這樣它就可以在某一天在救援地點、農民的田地或戰(zhàn)場上執(zhí)行數據收集工作。引導讓步狀語從句，表示“雖然”應用althugh、thugh或while，首字母大寫。故填While、Althugh或Thugh。
9．考查比較級。句意：然而，船上的電力、傳感和計算技術可以有更廣泛的應用。結合語境“更廣泛的”應用比較級。故填brader。
10．考查表語從句。句意：所以有很多技術和開放的有趣的科學問題真正推動著我們的日常生活。引導表語從句，從句缺少主語，指事物用what。故填what。
Sectin B
Directins: Fill in each blank with a prper wrd chsen frm the bx. Each wrd can be used nly nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
A basic weakness in a cnservatin system based whlly n ecnmic mtives is that mst members f the land cmmunity have n ecnmic value. Yet, these creatures are members f the bitic(生物的) cmmunity and, if its stability depends n its integrity, they are 11 t existence.
When ne f these nnecnmic categries is in 12 danger and, if we happen t lve it, we invent excuses t give it ecnmic imprtance. During the early 1900s, sngbirds were suppsed t be disappearing. Scientists jumped t the rescue with 13 shaky evidence t the effect that insects wuld eat us up if birds failed t cntrl them. The evidence had t be ecnmic t be valid.
A 14 situatin exists in respect f predatry mammals. Time was when bilgists smewhat verwrked the evidence that these creatures preserve the health f 15 by killing the physically weak, r that they prey nly n “wrthless” species. It is nly in recent years that we hear the mre hnest argument that predatrs are members f the cmmunity, and that n special interest has the right t kill them fr the sake f a benefit, real r 16 , t itself.
Sme species f trees have been “excluded frm the party” by ecnmics-minded fresters because they grw t slwly r have t lw a sale value t pay as 17 crps. In Eurpe, where frestry is eclgically mre advanced, the nncmmercial tree species are recgnized as members f native frest cmmunity, t be preserved as such, within reasn. Mrever, sme have been fund t have a valuable rle in building up sil fertility. The interdependence f the frest and its 18 species and grund plants and animals is taken fr granted.
T sum up, a system f cnservatin based slely n ecnmic self-interest is hpelessly unjust. It tends t ignre, and thus 19 t eliminate, many elements in the land cmmunity that lack cmmercial value. It assumes, falsely, that the ecnmic parts f the bitic cmmunity will wrk withut the unecnmic parts, which are nevertheless essential t its healthy 20 .
【答案】
11．J 12．F 13．K 14．H 15．E 16．C 17．I 18．A 19．B 20．D
【導語】本文是一篇議論文，主要講述了完全基于經濟動機的保護系統(tǒng)并不利于生態(tài)保護，無論物種是否能夠給人類帶來經濟價值，它們都有生存權利。
11．考查動詞。句意：然而，這些生物是生物群落的成員，如果其穩(wěn)定性取決于其完整性，它們就有權生存。根據上文中的“mst members f the land cmmunity have n ecnmic value”和句中的“these creatures are members f the bitic(生物的) cmmunity and, if its stability depends n its integrity”可知，大部分生物是沒有經濟價值的，但這些生物都是整個生物群落的一部分，如果這個群落的穩(wěn)定性是以其完整性為基礎的，那么所有生物都有權生存下去。entitle意為“使有權利，使有資格”，為及物動詞，空前有are，entitle和they之間是動賓關系，所以用過去分詞。故選J。
12．考查形容詞。句意：當一個無經濟價值的物種處于嚴重危險之中，如果我們碰巧喜歡它，我們就會編造借口賦予它經濟重要性?？仗帒眯稳菰~，修飾danger。in danger意為“處于危險之中”。根據下文中的“sngbirds were suppsed t be disappearing”可知，這里表示處于嚴重危險之中，grave意為“嚴重的”。故選F。
13．考查副詞。句意：科學家們急忙救助，針對影響提出明顯不可靠的證據，大意是如果鳥類不能控制昆蟲，昆蟲會吃掉我們。空處用副詞，修飾shaky。根據上文中的“if we happen t lve it, we invent excuses t give it ecnmic imprtance”和句中的“insects wuld eat us up if birds failed t cntrl them”可知，我們會編造借口去拯救那些沒有經濟價值但受人類喜歡的物種，這里編造的關于鳥的理由明顯不可靠。distinctly意為“清楚地，明顯地”。故選K。
14．考查形容詞。句意：捕食性哺乳動物也存在類似的情況。空處應用形容詞，修飾situatin。上文講述了關于鳥的例子，這里講述了捕食性哺乳動物的類似情況。parallel意為“相似的”。故選H。
15．考查名詞。句意：過去，生物學家有點過度研究這些證據：這些生物通過殺死身體虛弱的動物來保護獵物健康，或者它們只捕食“無用”的物種?？仗幱妹~作介詞f的賓語。根據空前的“these creatures preserve the health f”和空后的“by killing the physically weak”可知，這些生物捕食體弱者，以便保護獵物種群的健康。game意為“獵物”。故選E。
16．考查形容詞。句意：直到最近幾年，我們才聽到比較誠實的觀點，即捕食性動物是群落的成員，沒有任何特殊利益集團有權為了自己的利益而殺死它們，無論是真實的還是虛構的。根據空前的“real r”可知，空處應用形容詞fancied，意為“虛構的”，表示無論是真實的還是虛構的。故選C。
17．考查形容詞。句意：一些樹種被有經濟頭腦的林學家“排除在外”，因為它們生長太慢或銷售價值太低而無法作為經濟作物創(chuàng)收?？仗帒眯稳菰~，修飾crps。根據句中的“have t lw a sale value t pay”可知，這些樹種銷售價值低，無法作為經濟作物創(chuàng)收。cash意為“金錢”,crash crp“經濟作物”。故選I。
18．考查形容詞。句意：森林及其組成物種和地面動植物的相互依存被認為是理所當然的。根據空前的“the frest”和空后的“species”可知，這里指組成森林的物種。cnstituent意為“組成的，構成的”。故選A。
19．考查副詞。句意：它往往忽視并最終消除土地群落中缺乏商業(yè)價值的許多部分。空處用副詞，修飾“t eliminate”。根據空前的“ignre, and thus”和空后的“t eliminate”可知，這里表示忽視并最終消除，強調過程。ultimately意為“最終”。故選B。
20．考查動名詞。句意：它錯誤地認為，生物群落的經濟部分將在沒有無經濟價值部分的情況下運轉，而無經濟價值部分對其健康運作至關重要。根據“the ecnmic parts f the bitic cmmunity will wrk withut the unecnmic parts”可知，這里指無經濟價值的物種對生物群落的健康運轉很重要。functining意為“運轉”，是動詞functin的動名詞形式。故選D。
III.Reading Cmprehensin (共45分。 41-45每題1分；56-70每題2分)
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext
In praise f anxiety
Nbdy likes t feel anxius. An entire industry has sprung up t aid us in eliminating it, frm self-help bks t cgnitive behaviral therapy. Yet with rates f anxiety disrders rising sharply wrldwide, it seems that ur effrts t 21 anxiety aren’t wrking.
But feeling anxius isn’t the prblem. The prblem is that we dn’t understand hw t respnd 22 t anxiety. This “bad” feeling isn’t a failure f mental health. It’s a victry f human 23 , a respnse emerging with ur ability t cpe with the uncertain future. It was Charles Darwin wh saw that 24 emtins like anxiety ffers a prfund evlutinary advantage. Fear, 25 , signals that yu may be in danger — frm a predatr r a bully — and readies yur bdy and mind t fight r take flight.
Anxiety, by cntrast, has nthing t d with 26 threats. 27 , it turns yu int a mental time traveler, drawing yur attentin t what lies ahead. Will yu succeed r fail in a big jb interview? Anxiety prmpts yur mind and bdy int 28 . Yur wrries frce yu t prepare thrughly fr the interview, while yur heart races and pumps bld t yur brain s that yu stay sharp, prepared t pursue yur gals.
Over the years, research has als shwn higher levels f dpamine when we’re anxius. We have lng knwn dpamine increases when an experience is pleasurable and als in anticipatin f 29 . The fact that anxiety als bsts dpamine levels pints t its rle in making psitive pssibilities int reality.
Sadly, many f us feel verwhelmed by lasting anxiety and dn’t see any 30 frm it. We have cme t believe that the best way t cpe is t get rid f it. But treating anxiety as a disease prevents us frm telling rdinary anxiety frm anxiety disrders, and creates huge 31 csts when it cmes t using anxiety t ur benefit.
Here’s the difference between anxiety and an anxiety disrder: a disrder is nly diagnsed when ur ways f cping with anxiety disturb ur ability t functin nrmally in life. These prblematic ways usually invlve 32 , like never leaving a huse because we fear a negative evaluatin, r taking drugs t dull ur emtinal pain. They als invlve the belief that we can’t cpe with anxiety. Cuntless research shws when we instead are curius abut ur negative emtins, and learn t name them and 33 them, they becme mre manageable.
Therefre, we need t develp a new mindset abut this misunderstd emtin. Reframing anxiety as a(n) 34 and a valued part f being human isn’t easy. It takes practice and it desn’t mean anxiety becmes enjyable. Anxiety can’t d its jb unless it makes us 35 , frcing us t sit up and pay attentin. We dn’t need t like anxiety — just t use it in the right way.
21．A．cntainB．understandC．expressD．appreciate
22．A．rapidlyB．naturallyC．cnstructivelyD．cautiusly
23．A．behavirB．experienceC．intelligenceD．evlutin
24．A．intenseB．unpleasantC．cnflictingD．real
25．A．in generalB．n the ther handC．fr exampleD．in ther wrds
26．A．immediateB．cnstantC．ptentialD．deadly
27．A．CnsequentlyB．HweverC．MreverD．Rather
28．A．realityB．decisinC．wnderD．actin
29．A．requirementsB．changesC．rewardsD．threats
30．A．slutinB．benefitC．differenceD．lessn
31．A．pprtunityB．labrC．unexpectedD．extra
32．A．panicB．avidanceC．addictinD．absence
33．A．make sense fB．d away withC．take refuge inD．make up fr
34．A．cureB．praiseC．edgeD．emtin
35．A．fascinatedB．patientC．calmD．uncmfrtable
【答案】
21．A 22．C 23．D 24．B 25．C 26．A 27．D 28．D 29．C 30．B 31．A 32．B 33．A 34．C 35．D
【導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了沒有人喜歡焦慮，但感覺焦慮并不是一個問題，問題是我們對待焦慮的方式。
21．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，隨著全球焦慮癥發(fā)病率的急劇上升，我們抑制焦慮的努力似乎沒有奏效。A. cntain包含，克制，抑制；B. understand理解；C. express表達；D. appreciate欣賞。根據上文中的“An entire industry has sprung up t aid us in eliminating it, frm self-help bks t cgnitive behaviral therapy. (從自助書籍到認知行為療法，整個行業(yè)突然出現(xiàn)幫助我們消除它。)”可知，這里指抑制焦慮情緒的努力。故選A。
22．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：問題是我們不知道如何積極地應對焦慮。A. rapidly迅速地；B. naturally自然地；C. cnstructively建設性地，積極地；D. cautiusly謹慎地。根據下文中的“Cuntless research shws when we instead are curius abut ur negative emtins, and learn t name them and them, they becme mre manageable.”和“We dn’t need t like anxiety — just t use it in the right way.”可知，這里指積極地應對焦慮。故選C。
23．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是人類進化的勝利，是一種我們應對不確定未來能力時產生的回應。A. behavir行為；B. experience經驗；C. intelligence智力；D. evlutin進化。根據下文中的“It was Charles Darwin wh saw that emtins like anxiety ffers a prfund evlutinary advantage.”可知，達爾文認為焦慮情緒是一種進化優(yōu)勢，所以這里指焦慮是人類進化的勝利。故選D。
24．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：查爾斯·達爾文發(fā)現(xiàn)，焦慮等不愉快的情緒具有深遠的進化優(yōu)勢。A. intense強烈的；B. unpleasant令人不快的；C. cnflicting相互矛盾的；D. real真的。根據空后的“emtins like anxiety”和上文中的“Nbdy likes t feel anxius.”可知，焦慮等情緒是令人不愉快的情緒。故選B。
25．考查介詞短語辨析。句意：例如，恐懼表明你可能處于危險之中——來自捕食者或欺負者——并使你的身心做好戰(zhàn)斗或逃跑的準備。A. in general總的來說；B. n the ther hand另一方面；C. fr example例如；D. in ther wrds換句話說。這里列舉了恐懼的例子，用來證明前面達爾文的觀點。故選C。
26．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：相比之下，焦慮與當前的威脅無關。A. immediate立即的，當前的；B. cnstant不斷的；C. ptential潛在的；D. deadly致命的。根據下文中的“drawing yur attentin t what lies ahead”可知，焦慮是因為擔心未來的事情，所以和當前的威脅無關。故選A。
27．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：相反，它會把你變成一個精神上的時間旅行者，把你的注意力引向前方。A. Cnsequently結果；B. Hwever然而；C. Mrever此外；D. Rather相反，而是。前面“Anxiety, by cntrast, has nthing t d with threats.”說焦慮與當前威脅無關，這里說焦慮與擔心未來有關，所以是相反的兩種情況。故選D。
28．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：焦慮會促使你的身心采取行動。A. reality現(xiàn)實；B. decisin決定；C. wnder驚嘆；D. actin行動。根據下文中的“Yur wrries frce yu t prepare thrughly fr the interview, while yur heart races and pumps bld t yur brain s that yu stay sharp, prepared t pursue yur gals.”可知，焦慮會使你的身心都采取行動。故選D。
29．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們早就知道，當一種體驗令人愉悅時，多巴胺會增加，預料有獎勵也會增加多巴胺。A. requirements要求；B. changes改變；C. rewards獎勵；D. threats威脅。根據空前的“when an experience is pleasurable and als in anticipatin f”可知，當感受愉快或者受到獎勵時，會增加多巴胺。故選C。
30．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：可悲的是，我們中的許多人都被持久的焦慮所淹沒，沒有看到任何好處。A. slutin解決方法；B. benefit好處，益處；C. difference區(qū)別，不同；D. lessn課。根據句中的“Sadly”和上文講述的焦慮帶來的好處可知，許多人因為沉浸在焦慮中，而忽略了焦慮的好處。故選B。
31．考查名詞和形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但是，將焦慮視為一種疾病會阻止我們區(qū)分普通焦慮和焦慮癥，并在提到利用焦慮為我們帶來利益時產生巨大的機會成本。A. pprtunity機會；B. labr勞動；C. unexpected出乎意料的；D. extra額外的。根據“treating anxiety as a disease”和“when it cmes t using anxiety t ur benefit”可知，選擇將焦慮當作疾病去對待，救無法利用焦慮帶來好處，這會產生機會成本。pprtunity csts意為“機會成本”。機會成本是指選擇某種行為或決策時，放棄了其他可行選擇所產生的成本。故選A。
32．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這些有問題的方式通常涉及回避，比如因為害怕負面評價而從不出門，或者服用藥物來緩解我們的情緒痛苦。A. panic恐慌；B. avidance避免，回避；C. addictin癮，入迷；D. absence缺席，不在。根據空后的“l(fā)ike never leaving a huse because we fear a negative evaluatin, r taking drugs t dull ur emtinal pain”可知，因害怕負面評價而從不出門和服用藥物來緩解情緒痛苦，這些都是回避的表現(xiàn)。故選B。
33．考查動詞短語辨析。句意：相反，無數的研究表明，當我們對自己的負面情緒懷有好奇，并學會命名和理解它們時，它們會變得更容易管理。A. make sense f理解，弄懂；B. d away with消除；C. take refuge in在……避難；D. make up fr彌補。根據空前的“are curius abut ur negative emtins, and learn t name them”可知，我們對負面情緒保持好奇心，給它們命名，并理解它們。故選A。
34．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：將焦慮重新定義為優(yōu)勢和人類有價值的一部分并不容易。A. cure療法；B. praise贊揚，表揚；C. edge邊緣，優(yōu)勢；D. emtin情緒。根據空后的“and a valued part f being human”以及上文講述的關于焦慮給人類帶來的各種好處可知，這里是把焦慮當作一種積極的事物，將其定義為一種優(yōu)勢和人類有價值的一部分。故選C。
35．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：焦慮無法發(fā)揮作用，除非它讓我們感到不舒服，迫使我們坐起來集中注意力。A. fascinated入迷的；B. patient耐心的；C. calm冷靜的；D. uncmfrtable不舒服的。根據上文中的“it desn’t mean anxiety becmes enjyable”和空后的“frcing us t sit up and pay attentin”可知，焦慮讓人不舒服。故選D。
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
(A)
Le grew up by a river’s edge, watching it transfrm frm a clear river t a dirty stream. His heart sank each time he saw fish struggling in the plluted water, and he prmised t make a difference.
Determined t save his belved river, Le cmmitted his life t studying envirnmental science and technlgy. After years f hard wrk and perseverance, he earned a schlarship t a key university, where he dived int water purificatin technlgies. Le’s mind was flded with a hst f ideas, each mre innvative than the last. He dreamed f creating a cst-effective, ec-friendly prgram that culd cleanse his village’s river and serve as a mdel fr ther plluted water bdies.
Upn graduating, Le returned t his village with a sense f urgency and purpse. He gathered a small team f like-minded individuals and set up a makeshift lab beside the river. Day in and day ut, they cnducted experiments, tested chemicals, and analyzed water samples. The villagers watched curiusly, sme suspicius, thers hpeful. But Le’s unwavering (堅定不移的) dedicatin inspired everyne arund him.
After mnths f trial and errr, Le and his team finally develped a grund-breaking technlgy. They created a slar-pwered water purificatin system that used natural minerals and UV light t purge pllutants. The system was nt nly effective but als sustainable, requiring minimal maintenance and peratinal csts. With great anticipatin, Le and his team installed the purificatin system at the river’s surce. Slwly but surely, the water began t clear, revealing fish swimming freely nce again. The villagers, wh had initially dubted Le’s effrts, nw praised him as a her.
Le’s achievement did nt stp there. He traveled t neighbring cmmunities, sharing his technlgy and training lcals n hw t maintain and perate the purificatin system. His wrk caught the attentin f envirnmental rganizatins, which funded further research and develpment, enabling Le t refine his technlgy even mre. Le knws that his missin is far frm cmplete, but he is pleased that his effrts have sparked a mvement, inspiring cuntless thers t take actin against water pllutin and prtect the planet fr future generatins.
36．What d we knw abut Le frm the first tw paragraphs?
A．He was ambitius at a yung age.B．He was admitted t an average university.
C．His talent in managing rivers is extrardinary.D．His prgram was spnsred by lcal authrity.
37．Hw did the villagers initially respnd t Le’s prgram?
A．They cntributed ideas t it.B．They held divided pinins n it.
C．They helped Le cmplete it.D．They recgnized it t be prmising.
38．What des the underlined wrd “purge” in paragraph 4 mean?
A．Transprt.B．Evaluate.C．Generate.D．Remve.
39．Which f the fllwing best describes Le’s prject?
A．Influential.B．Essential.C．Prfitable.D．Unidentifiable.
【答案】36．A 37．B 38．D 39．A
【導語】這是一篇記敘文。本文講述了里奧因為目睹河流被污染而決心拯救河流，他通過努力學習和研究，最終開發(fā)出了一種太陽能驅動的凈水系統(tǒng)，并推廣到周邊社區(qū)，引起了環(huán)保組織的關注，為未來的水污染治理和保護地球做出了貢獻。
36．推理判斷題。根據第一段“Le grew up by a river’s edge, watching it transfrm frm a clear river t a dirty stream. His heart sank each time he saw fish struggling in the plluted water, and he prmised t make a difference.(利奧在河邊長大，看著它從一條清澈的河流變成一條骯臟的小溪。每次看到魚在被污染的水中掙扎時，他的心都會很沉重，他承諾要做出改變)”以及第二段“He dreamed f creating a cst-effective, ec-friendly prgram that culd cleanse his village’s river and serve as a mdel fr ther plluted water bdies.(他夢想著創(chuàng)建一個成本效益高、環(huán)境友好的項目，可以凈化他的村莊的河流，并作為其他受污染水體的典范)”可知，里奧小時候看到河流被污染，承諾做出改變，夢想著創(chuàng)建一個成本效益高、環(huán)境友好的項目，可以凈化他的村莊的河流，說明他年輕時就雄心勃勃。故選A。
37．細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段“The villagers watched curiusly, sme suspicius, thers hpeful. But Le’s unwavering (堅定不移的) dedicatin inspired everyne arund him.(村民們好奇地看著，有的懷疑，有的希望。但是里奧堅定不移的奉獻精神鼓舞了他周圍的每一個人)”可知，村民們最初對里奧的計劃持有不同的看法，故選B。
38．詞句猜測題。根據劃線詞上文“They created a slar-pwered water purificatin system that used natural minerals and UV light t(他們發(fā)明了一種太陽能水凈化系統(tǒng)，利用天然礦物質和紫外線來……)”以及后文“pllutants. The system was nt nly effective but als sustainable, requiring minimal maintenance and peratinal csts.(污染物。該系統(tǒng)不僅有效，而且具有可持續(xù)性，只需最少的維護和操作費用)”可知，這種系統(tǒng)主要是利用天然礦物質和紫外線來去除污染物，而且很有效。故劃線詞意思是“去除”。故選D。
39．推理判斷題。根據最后一段“His wrk caught the attentin f envirnmental rganizatins, which funded further research and develpment, enabling Le t refine his technlgy even mre.(他的工作引起了環(huán)保組織的注意，這些組織資助了進一步的研究和開發(fā)，使Le能夠進一步完善他的技術)”可知，Le的項目很有影響力。故選A。
(B)
When I was 14, I began cllecting all the interesting math facts and puzzles that weren’t cvered in schl int a ntebk. This ntebk eventually expanded int six vlumes. These cllectins became the basis fr my bk, Prfessr Stewart’s Cabinet f Mathematical Curisities.
One f the mst interesting tpics I revisited while writing my bk was the “sausage cnjecture,” a unique mathematical challenge. A cnjecture is a thery that mathematicians believe culd be true but hasn’t been prven r disprven yet. The sausage cnjecture is abut finding the mst efficient way t wrap circles r spheres. Fr example, if yu wrap a string tightly arund several identical circles laid ut n a flat surface, the cnjecture explres which arrangement minimizes the area inside the string.
Mathematicians have lng studied hw t pack bjects tightly. Fr instance, it tk nearly 400 years t prve that stacking ranges in hexagnal layers is the mst cmpact frm in three dimensins. Hwever, this area f math isn’t fully reslved, especially when cnsidering mre than three dimensins r different shapes.
Cnsider a simple situatin: if yu were t wrap a ribbn arund six flat, circular pies, yu wuld find that placing the pies in a straight line (frming a “sausage” shape with the string) cvers the smallest area. But if yu wrap seven pies, a hexagnal layut with ne pie in the center tuching the thers is mre space-efficient. This pattern hlds true fr up t six circles; a linear layut is best. But fr seven r mre, a runder arrangement minimizes the area inside the string. This has been prven mathematically fr up t six circles.
The prblem becmes even mre cmplex with spheres. Fr wrapping 56 r fewer identical spheres, a sausage-shaped arrangement minimizes the vlume inside the wrapping. With 57 spheres, a cmpact shape is better, as it balances thinness with vlume. This t is a prven therem.
40．What des a cnjecture in mathematics refer t?
A．A fully prven mathematical therem.
B．A thery that has been prven incrrect.
C．A thery that might be true but hasn’t been prven yet.
D．A mathematical rule used fr slving algebraic prblems.
41．Accrding t the passage, hw shuld six flat, circular items be arranged t minimize the area enclsed by a string?
A．B．
C． D．
42．What is the primary purpse f the passage?
A．T explain a cmplex mathematical thery in detail.
B．T detail the authr’s persnal histry and achievements.
C．T intrduce a cllectin f mathematical wnders in a bk.
D．T prmte a prper way f discussing mathematical challenges.
【答案】40．C 41．B 42．A
【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一個復雜的數學理論——香腸猜想。
40．細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段“A cnjecture is a thery that mathematicians believe culd be true but hasn’t been prven r disprven yet. (猜想是數學家認為可能是正確的理論，但尚未被證明或證偽。)”可知，數學中的猜想指的是這一理論可能是正確的，但尚未得到證實。故選C項。
41．細節(jié)理解題。根據倒數第二段“Cnsider a simple situatin: if yu were t wrap a ribbn arund six flat, circular pies, yu wuld find that placing the pies in a straight line (frming a “sausage” shape with the string) cvers the smallest area. (考慮一個簡單的情況：如果你用絲帶纏繞六個扁平的圓形餡餅，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)把餡餅放在一條直線上（用繩子形成一個“香腸”形狀）覆蓋的面積最小。)”可知，六個扁平的圓形物品放在一條直線上時覆蓋的面積最小。故選B項。
42．推理判斷題。根據第二段“One f the mst interesting tpics I revisited while writing my bk was the “sausage cnjecture,” a unique mathematical challenge. (在寫書的過程中，我重新審視了一個最有趣的話題，那就是“香腸猜想”，這是一個獨特的數學挑戰(zhàn)。)”及后文對該理論的具體介紹可知，本文的目的是詳細解釋一個復雜的數學理論。故選A項。
(C)
Assume yu have been ffered a nce-in-a-lifetime jb pprtunity abrad, but it means leaving behind yur partner wh can’t fllw yu. Yu start wndering hw t make the wisest decisin between yur career gals and yur cmmitment t the relatinship. In tday’s wrld, where we face unexpected challenges, the pursuit fr wisdm remains as relevant as ever.
But what are the criteria fr judging wisdm? This age-ld questin has puzzled great minds fr centuries. And d they vary arund the wrld? T answer these questins, we cnducted a study asking 2,707 participants frm 16 cultures t cmpare 10 hypthetical (假想的) persns. Fr example, the participants cmpared “a scientist wh gathers infrmatin abut animals” with “a teacher wh educates kids abut histry”. They decided wh was mre likely t use effective ways t deal with cmplex situatins when trying t make a difficult chice. Then, they rated the wisdm f each persn. We analyzed all these cmparisns t wrk ut the hidden dimensins the participants relied upn and calculated the weight they gave t these dimensins when inferring the wisdm f these characters.
Our findings revealed that when peple make judgments abut wisdm, they essentially link wisdm t tw key dimensins — reflective rientatin (反思性建構) and scial emtinal awareness. Reflective rientatin invlves lgic, reasn, cntrl ver emtins, and the applicatin f past experiences. On the ther hand, scial emtinal awareness invlves caring fr thers, active listening, and the ability t adapt t cmplex scial situatins. The tw dimensins are clsely related, and peple think abut bth f them when determining whether t label a character as wise.
We als fund a surprising cmmnality in hw peple arund the wrld perceive wisdm in thers, with bth the key dimensins receiving a similar weighting acrss all cultures. This cmmnality is likely rted in fundamental human needs: get ahead and get alng. The frmer invlves recgnizing wh is cmpetent t make things happen, which is cnsistent with reflective rientatin. The latter requires abilities related t scial emtinal awareness.
43．What is the assumptin in Paragraph 1 abut?
A．Making a chice.B．Breaking a prmise.
C．Setting a career gal.D．Keeping a relatinship.
44．What did the participants d in the study?
A．They evaluated individual wisdm.B．They analyzed wisdm dimensins.
C．They cmpared real-life wise persns.D．They addressed challenging situatins.
45．In which case is scial emtinal awareness invlved?
A．A student interprets questins t a classmate.
B．A scientist reaches cnclusins frm evidences.
C．A bss chses a green hand t serve key custmers.
D．A teacher takes time t learn students’ practical needs.
46．What des the last paragraph fcus n?
A．Distinctins f human needs.B．Similarity in rating wisdm.
C．Methds f gaining wisdm.D．Interflw amng cultures.
【答案】43．A 44．A 45．D 46．B
【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一項聚焦于智慧評判標準的研究，指出人們評判智慧主要基于反思取向和社會情感意識兩個維度，且不同文化在評判智慧上有相似性。
43．細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段“Assume yu have been ffered a nce-in-a-lifetime jb pprtunity abrad, but it means leaving behind yur partner wh can’t fllw yu. Yu start wndering hw t make the wisest decisin between yur career gals and yur cmmitment t the relatinship. (假設你在國外得到了一個千載難逢的工作機會，但這意味著你要離開你的伴侶，因為他不能跟隨你。你開始思考如何在你的職業(yè)目標和你對這段關系的承諾之間做出最明智的決定)”可知，這里假設了在職業(yè)目標和對感情的承諾之間做出選擇的情境。故選A項。
44．細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中“Then, they rated the wisdm f each persn. (然后，他們給每個人的智慧打分)”可知，這項研究的參與者評估個人的智慧。故選A項。
45．推理判斷題。根據第三段中“On the ther hand, scial emtinal awareness invlves caring fr thers, active listening, and the ability t adapt t cmplex scial situatins. (另一方面，社會情感意識包括關心他人、積極傾聽和適應復雜社會情境的能力)”可推知，“一位老師花時間了解學生的實際需求”體現(xiàn)了關心他人、積極傾聽的能力，符合社會情感意識的范疇。故選D項。
46．主旨大意題。根據最后一段中“We als fund a surprising cmmnality in hw peple arund the wrld perceive wisdm in thers, with bth the key dimensins receiving a similar weighting acrss all cultures. This cmmnality is likely rted in fundamental human needs: get ahead and get alng. (我們還發(fā)現(xiàn)，在世界各地的人們如何看待他人的智慧方面，有一個驚人的共性，這兩個關鍵維度在所有文化中都得到了相似的權重。這種共性很可能根植于人類的基本需求：出人頭地，和睦相處)”可知，本段聚焦于各種文化在評估智慧方面的相似性。故選B項。
Sectin C
Directins: Cmplete the fllwing passage by using the sentences in the bx Each sentence can nly be used nce. Nte that there are tw sentences mre than yu need.
Nt All Waste Has t G t Waste
Mst f the wrld’s 2.22 billin tns f annual trash ends up in landfills r pen dumps. Veena Sahajwalla, a materials scientist and engineer at the University f New Suth Wales in Sydney, Australia, has created a slutin t ur massive trash prblem: waste micrfactries. There little trash prcessrs — sme as small as 500 square feet — huse a series f machines that recycle waste and transfrm it int new materials with the new technlgy. 47
Sahajwalla launched the wrld’s first waste micr factry targeting electrnic waste, r e-waste, in 2018 in Sydney. A secnd ne began recycling plastics in 2019. Nw, her lab grup is wrking with university and industry partners t cmmercialize their patented micrfactry technlgy. 48 The apprach will als allw cities t recycle waste int new prducts n lcatin, aviding the lng, ften internatinal, high-emissin treks between recycling prcessrs and manufacturing plants. With a micrfactry, gne are the days f needing separate facilities t cllect and stre materials, extract elements and prduce new prducts.
49 Her inventin evlves this idea by taking materials frm an ld prduct and creating smething different. “The kids dn’t lk like the parents,” she says.
Fr example, the micrfactry can break dwn ld smartphnes and cmputer mnitrs and extract silica (frm the glass) and carbn (frm the plastic casing), and then cmbine them tgether. This generates a cmmn material with many industrial uses. 50
In 2019, just 17.4 percent f e-waste was recycled, s they ability t re-frm ffers a crucial new develpment in the challenge recycling cmplex electrnic devices. “We can d s much mre with materials,” says Sahajwalla.
【答案】47．E 48．B 49．F 50．C
【導語】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了Veena Sahajwalla發(fā)明的廢物微工廠，可解決大量垃圾問題，還闡述了其優(yōu)勢、工作原理及在電子廢物回收方面的重要意義等。
47．根據上文“Veena Sahajwalla, a materials scientist and engineer at the University f New Suth Wales in Sydney, Australia, has created a slutin t ur massive trash prblem: waste micrfactries. There little trash prcessrs — sme as small as 500 square feet — huse a series f machines that recycle waste and transfrm it int new materials with the new technlgy.(澳大利亞悉尼新南威爾士大學的材料科學家兼工程師Veena Sahajwalla為我們龐大的垃圾問題創(chuàng)造了一個解決方案：廢物微工廠。這些小型垃圾處理器（有些小至500平方英尺）裝有一系列機器，這些機器利用新技術回收廢物并將其轉化為新材料)”可知，此處是在介紹廢物微工廠這種一體化的回收流程，可推理出下文說的是這種一體化流程比傳統(tǒng)方式的優(yōu)勢之處，與E項“The new all-in-ne apprach culd leave ur current recycling prcesses in the dust.(這種新的一體化方法可能會讓我們現(xiàn)有的回收流程相形見絀)”表達的意思一致，故選E項。
48．根據上文“Sahajwalla launched the wrld’s first waste micr factry targeting electrnic waste, r e-waste, in 2018 in Sydney. A secnd ne began recycling plastics in 2019. Nw, her lab grup is wrking with university and industry partners t cmmercialize their patented micrfactry technlgy.(Sahajwalla于2018年在悉尼啟動了世界上第一個針對電子廢物（即電子垃圾）的廢物微工廠。第二個工廠于2019年開始回收塑料。現(xiàn)在，她的實驗室小組正在與大學和行業(yè)合作伙伴合作，將其專利微工廠技術商業(yè)化)”以及下文“The apprach will als allw cities t recycle waste int new prducts n lcatin, aviding the lng, ften internatinal, high-emissin treks between recycling prcessrs and manufacturing plants.(這種方法還將使城市能夠在當地將廢物回收制成新產品，避免了回收加工商和制造工廠之間漫長的、通常是跨國的、高排放的長途跋涉)”可知，本段提到Sahajwalla的微工廠，且空后als證明了這個微工廠的另一個好處，因此，空處應提到微工廠的好處，B項“She says the small scale f the machines will make it easier fr them t ne day perate n renewable energy, unlike mst large manufacturing plants.(她說，這些機器的小型化將使它們未來更容易使用可再生能源，這與大多數大型制造工廠不同)”說明微工廠的的好處之一，承上啟下，符合語境，故選B項。
49．根據下文“Her inventin evlves this idea by taking materials frm an ld prduct and creating smething different. (她的發(fā)明通過從舊產品中提取材料并創(chuàng)造出不同的東西來發(fā)展這一理念)”可知，這里是在說明傳統(tǒng)的回收方式與Sahajwalla的發(fā)明的不同之處，可推理出空處說的是傳統(tǒng)的回收工廠的回收方法的特點，F(xiàn)項“Traditinally, recycling plants break dwn materials fr reuse in similar prducts — like melting dwn plastic t make mre plastic things.(傳統(tǒng)上，回收工廠將材料分解以便在類似產品中重復使用——比如熔化塑料來制造更多塑料制品)”說明傳統(tǒng)的回收方法，與下文形成對比，符合語境，故選F項。
50．根據上文“Fr example, the micrfactry can break dwn ld smartphnes and cmputer mnitrs and extract silica (frm the glass) and carbn (frm the plastic casing), and then cmbine them tgether. This generates a cmmn material with many industrial uses.(例如，微工廠可以分解舊智能手機和電腦顯示器，從玻璃中提取二氧化硅，從塑料外殼中提取碳，然后將它們組合在一起。這產生了一種有許多工業(yè)用途的常見材料)”可知，這里在舉例說明微工廠的回收過程，它的特點是重新生成了一種有許多工業(yè)用途的常見材料，C項“Sahajwalla refers t this prcess as “the furth R”, adding “re-frm” t the cmmn phrase “reduce, ruse, recycle.”(Sahajwalla將這一過程稱為“第四個R”，在常見的“減少、喚醒、回收”短語中加入了“重新形成”)”是對前面的例子的總結歸納，符合語境，故選C項。
IV.Summary Writing (共10分）
Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint( s)f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
What Are Yu “True Clrs”?
Smetimes we talk abut ur feelings with wrds describing clrs. Fr example, if I am feeling dwn r a bit sad, I can say I am “blue”. If I’m’ angry, I might say that I see “red”. If I want smething that smene else has, I can say I’m “green” with envy. All these different feelings can be represented with clrs. But what abut yur “true clrs?” What des it mean t shw yur true clrs?
If we shw ur “true clrs”, we are true t urselves. We shw what we are really like. We reveal ur true nature, character, r persnality. Fr example, I have a friend wh lves the sun and sea. When she is at the beach, she shws her “true clrs”. She’s very active - swimming in the sea, walking alng the beach, and enjying ther utdr activities. When she is away frm the beach, she desn’t seem herself. She is ften inside and nt very active.
Hwever, shwing ne’s true clrs des nt always mean smething gd. Sme peple may present themselves in a way ther than hw they really are. They might seem t have psitive characteristics. They act kind, pleasant, generus, r helpful. But in fact, they are really the ppsite. They are nt shwing their “true clrs”. They keep their “true nature” hidden.
Sme wrd experts say the expressin “true clrs” dates back t the 1700s and cmes frm the wrld f sailing ships. Clred flags were, and still are, used t shw what cuntry a ship was registered t and t cmmunicate with ther ships at a distance. The ship’s clrs were its flags. Pirates’ ships wuld sail under “false clrs”, meaning under a friendly flag. They wuld d this t get clse t ther ships withut raising cncern. Then, when the pirates were clse enugh and ready t attack, they wuld raise their “true clrs”.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible versin:
We use different clrs t represent varius feelings. Shwing ne’s “true clrs” means revealing wh we really are. Nt shwing “true clrs” means acting psitively, while hiding ne’s true, yet unpleasant side. Sme wrd experts believe the expressin riginates in the 1700s when sailing ships shwed their registered cuntry and cmmunicated, and pirates hid their real intentins with clred flags.
【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章圍繞“true clrs (真實面目)”這一表達展開，介紹了日常生活中我們常用顏色來表達情感，而“true clrs”指的是展現(xiàn)真實的自我，但這并不總是正面的情況，有些人可能會隱藏真實的自我，表現(xiàn)出與實際相反的行為，專家指出這一表達源于十八世紀的航海文化。
【詳解】1. 要點摘錄
①Smetimes we talk abut ur feelings with wrds describing clrs.
②All these different feelings can be represented with clrs.
③If we shw ur “true clrs”, we are true t urselves.
④We shw what we are really like.
⑤They might seem t have psitive characteristics.
⑥But in fact, they are really the ppsite.
⑦They are nt shwing their “true clrs”.
⑧Sme wrd experts say the expressin “true clrs” dates back t the 1700s and cmes frm the wrld f sailing ships.
⑨Clred flags were, and still are, used t shw what cuntry a ship was registered t and t cmmunicate with ther ships at a distance.
⑩Pirates’ ships wuld sail under “false clrs”, meaning under a friendly flag.
2. 縝密構思
將第1、2兩個要點進行重組，說明顏色與情感的關聯(lián)；將第3、4兩個要點進行整合，解釋這一表達的含義；將第5、6、7三個要點進行整合，介紹與這一表達相反的情況；將第8、9、10三個要點進行整合，概括這一表達的歷史起源。
3. 遣詞造句
We use different clrs t represent varius feelings.
Shwing ne’s “true clrs” means revealing wh we really are.
Nt shwing “true clrs” means acting psitively, while hiding ne’s true, yet unpleasant side.
Sme wrd experts believe the expressin riginates in the 1700s when sailing ships shwed their registered cuntry and cmmunicated, and pirates hid their real intentins with clred flags.
【點睛】[高分句型1] Shwing ne’s “true clrs” means revealing wh we really are. (運用了wh引導賓語從句)
[高分句型2] Sme wrd experts believe the expressin riginates in the 1700s when sailing ships shwed their registered cuntry and cmmunicated, and pirates hid their real intentins with clred flags. (運用了that引導賓語從句并被省略、when引導限制性定語從句)
V.Translatin (共15分。第1小題和第2小題,每題3分;第3題4分;第4題5分。)
Directins:Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets
52．預計有數百萬家庭將受益于智慧家系統(tǒng)。(predict)

【答案】It is predicted that millins f families will benefit frm the smart hme system.
【詳解】考查主語從句、動詞（短語）、名詞短語和形容詞。“預計……”可表達為it is predicted that…，描述當前的情況，用一般現(xiàn)在時，其中it作形式主語，真正的主語是that引導的從句；從句描述將來的情況，時態(tài)應用一般將來時，主語“數百萬家庭”可用名詞短語millins f families，“受益于”可用動詞短語benefit frm，“智慧家系統(tǒng)”可用名詞短語the smart hme system。故可譯為：It is predicted that millins f families will benefit frm the smart hme system.
53．他勃然大怒，這令所有到場的客人非常尷尬。（burst）
【答案】He burst int anger, which embarrassed all the guests present.
【詳解】考查動詞短語、形容詞、定語從句和時態(tài)。句子陳述過去的事實，用一般過去時。根據所給英語提示，“勃然大怒”表達為burst int anger，burst過去式為burst；“令……尷尬”表達為embarrass sb；“到場的”表達為present；“所有到場的客人”表達為all the guests present，其中，present，為形容詞作后置定語。分析句子結構，“他勃然大怒”為主句，后接非限制性定語從句，用關系代詞which引導，which指代前面“他勃然大怒”這件事。結合其他漢語提示，故翻譯為：He burst int anger, which embarrassed all the guests present.
54．與二十年前不同，如今超市里的加工食品種類多樣，應有盡有。（available）

【答案】Unlike twenty years ag, supermarkets tday ffer a wide variety f prcessed fds, with everything available under the sun.
【詳解】考查固定短語，時態(tài)，主謂一致和with復合結構?！芭c二十年前不同”是unlike twenty years ag，“如今超市里的加工食品種類多樣”也可理解為“如今的超市提供多種多樣的加工食品”，“如今的超市”是supermarkets tday，“提供”是ffer，句子描述事實，時態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語supermarkets是復數，因此ffer用原形，“多種多樣的”是a wide variety f，“加工食品”是prcessed fds，“應有盡有”是with everything available under the sun，是with的復合結構，因此整句話翻譯為“Unlike twenty years ag, supermarkets tday ffer a wide variety f prcessed fds, with everything available under the sun”。故翻譯為Unlike twenty years ag, supermarkets tday ffer a wide variety f prcessed fds, with everything available under the sun.
55．這所百年老校注重因材施教，為學生提供盡可能多的藝術和文化熏陶，果然名不虛傳。(expse)

【答案】The century-ld schl lives up t its reputatin by fcusing n individualized teaching and prviding students with as much expsure t art and culture as pssible.
【詳解】考查名詞短語、動詞短語、介詞、動名詞短語和時態(tài)。句子陳述客觀事實，時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時，主語“這所百年老校”應為名詞短語the century-ld schl，句首單詞首字母大寫；表示“不負盛名，名不虛傳”應為動詞短語live up t its reputatin，主語為第三人稱單數，謂語動詞用單數形式；后接介詞by表示“通過”，解釋學校如何達到其聲譽的具體方式，表示“注重因材施教”譯為fcus n individualized teaching；“為學生提供”譯為prvide students with，表示“盡可能多的”譯為as pssible，“熏陶”可理解為“接觸”，用所給動詞expse的名詞形式構成短語expsure t，“藝術和文化”譯為art and culture，作介詞t的短語；fcus n individualized teaching和prvide students with as much expsure t art and culture as pssible作介詞by的賓語，應用動名詞短語，并用and連接。故翻譯為：The century-ld schl lives up t its reputatin by fcusing n individualized teaching and prviding students with as much expsure t art and culture as pssible.
VI.Guided Writing (共25分)
Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120-150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese
56．假如你是某國際中學生論壇的發(fā)言代表，請以“未來的生活”為主題，用120-150字寫一篇英文發(fā)言稿，描述你對2050年生活的設想。內容包括但不限于：
1. 未來科技對人類生活的影響；
2. 社會環(huán)境的變化（如教育、交通、健康等）；
3. 你希望未來生活具備的特點。
可適當發(fā)揮，使文章連貫，文中不得出現(xiàn)真實的姓名和校名。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Ladies and Gentlemen, fellw students frm arund the glbe,
As we stand n the brink f a new era, let us imagine the life we aspire t in 2050.
Our scial envirnment will witness prfund transfrmatins. Autnmus vehicles will dminate ur radways, reducing accidents and traffic cngestin, while public transprtatin will becme mre efficient and ec-friendly. In health, persnalized medicine and advanced diagnstics will enable early detectin and treatment f diseases, leading t lnger, healthier lives. Virtual reality will revlutinize educatin, making learning experiences immersive and accessible t all.
In this future, I hpe ur lives are characterized by balance. With technlgy augmenting ur capabilities, we shuld strive fr wrk-life harmny, nurturing mental well-being and fstering strnger cmmunity ties. Let us aim fr a wrld where technlgy empwers, rather than verwhelms, ensuring a future that is bth prgressive and humane.
【導語】本篇書面表達屬于應用文。要求考生以“未來的生活”為主題，寫一篇英文發(fā)言稿，描述對2050年生活的設想。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
想象：imagine→picture
改變：transfrmatin→change
而不是：rather than→instead f
確保：ensure→make sure
2.句式拓展
簡單句變復合句
原句：Virtual reality will revlutinize educatin, making learning experiences immersive and accessible t all.
拓展句：Virtual reality will revlutinize educatin, which makes learning experiences immersive and accessible t all.
【點睛】[高分句型1] As we stand n the brink f a new era, let us imagine the life we aspire t in 2050. (運用了as引導時間狀語從句和省略關系詞的定語從句)
[高分句型2] Virtual reality will revlutinize educatin, making learning experiences immersive and accessible t all. (運用了現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語)
A．cnstituent B．ultimately C． fancied D．functining E. game F. grave
G. prmising H. parallel I. cash J. entitled K. distinctly
A．Traditinal recycling has nt wrked fr every recycling challenge, especially the recycling f e-waste.
B．She says the small scale f the machines will make it easier fr them t ne day perate n renewable energy, unlike mst large manufacturing plants.
C．Sahajwalla refers t this prcess as “the furth R”, adding “re-frm” t the cmmn phrase “reduce, ruse, recycle.”
D．Electrnics cntains varius pisnus chemicals and materials that are released int the envirnments if they are nt dealt with prperly.
E．The new all-in-ne apprach culd leave ur current recycling prcesses in the dust.
F．Traditinally, recycling plants break dwn materials fr reuse in similar prducts — like melting dwn plastic t make mre plastic things.

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