II.Grammar and Vcabulary （每題1分；共20分）
Sectin A
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
A Unique Summer Schl
Every spring, Alexandra Jnes, funder f Archaelgy in the Cmmunity, ges t St. Crix and talks t kids at the Caribbean Center fr Bys and Girls. She leads the yuth field prgram. Jnes describes what the Estate Little Princess Archaelgical Field Schl des at the Estate Little Princess and explains 1 kids can take part. Any girl r by, ages 12 and up, frm anywhere n the island can apply, as lng as they belng t the Center fr Bys and Girls. The prgram lasts a week and takes 2 maximum f 15 kids. Abut half are middle schlers.
Later that summer, Jnes and the grup f kids begin their week at the Estate Little Princess. The archaelgists (考古學(xué)家) are wrking in the area 3 the enslaved peple’s village nce std. In 1786, 127 enslaved Africans lived in 53 huses there. Tday, their hmes are lng gne. Jnes explains, “Fr the mst part the enslaved village area is vergrwn with vegetatin, 4 (make) it extremely difficult t survey and unearth.” This is where the kids wrk, side-by-side with the archaelgists, 5 (uncver) the past.
On the kids’ first day, Jnes teaches students what archaelgy is and hw artifacts, bjects made and used by peple in the past, 6 (put) int grups. They’ll classify what they find 7 the material the bjects were made frm - glass, pttery, bne, and s n. The kids g t the site and watch the archaelgists at wrk. That way, they can see what the jbs lk like as they 8 (happen). Jnes divides the kids int tw grups. Sme will be at the site, while thers are in the lab. The kids start wrk n the secnd day. The grup at the site excavates (挖掘): they dig thrugh the dirt, sift it, and place what they find int artifact bags. The grup at the lab wash, classify, and recrd the artifacts s the archaelgists can study them later.
“The kids lve it!” Jnes says. “Each has smething they’re drawn t, 9 it’s being the first t find smething that hasn’t been tuched in 80 t 100 years, r being the first persn t wash it r see it 10 (wash), s they can really get a gd view f what it is.”
【答案】
1．hw 2．a(chǎn) 3．where 4．making 5．t uncver 6．a(chǎn)re put 7．by 8．a(chǎn)re happening 9．whether 10．washed
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了Alexandra Jnes在圣克羅伊島開(kāi)展的考古夏令校項(xiàng)目，讓孩子們參與考古工作。
1．考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：Jnes描述了Estate Little Princess考古野外學(xué)校做什么，并解釋了孩子們?nèi)绾螀⒓?。根?jù)空前explains可知，空處需用連接詞hw引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，在從句中作方式狀語(yǔ)，表示“解釋孩子們?nèi)绾螀⒓印薄９侍頷w。
2．考查冠詞。句意：該項(xiàng)目持續(xù)一周，最多可容納15名孩子。a maximum f“最多……”。故填a。
3．考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：考古學(xué)家們正在那個(gè)奴隸村莊曾經(jīng)所在的地方工作。空處需用關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞是the area，且關(guān)系詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，所以需要關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)該從句。故填where。
4．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：瓊斯解釋說(shuō)：“奴隸村莊的大部分地區(qū)雜草叢生，這使得調(diào)查和發(fā)掘工作變得極其困難?！笨仗幮栌矛F(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，表示自然而然的結(jié)果。故填making。
5．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：孩子們與考古學(xué)家并肩工作，揭開(kāi)過(guò)去。這里表示目的，即孩子們工作的目的是揭露歷史，應(yīng)使用不定式t uncver。故填t uncver。
6．考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：在孩子們的第一天，瓊斯教學(xué)生考古學(xué)是什么，以及過(guò)去的物品，即人們過(guò)去制造和使用的物品，是如何分類(lèi)的?？仗帪閺木涞闹^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)空前is可知，句子為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且該動(dòng)詞和主語(yǔ)artifacts之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填are put。
7．考查介詞。句意：他們將根據(jù)物體的材料對(duì)發(fā)現(xiàn)的物品進(jìn)行分類(lèi)——玻璃、陶器、骨頭等等。根據(jù)空后the material可知，空處需用介詞by表示“根據(jù)，通過(guò)”。故填by。
8．考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：這樣，他們可以看到這些工作是如何發(fā)生的。as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表達(dá)事情發(fā)生的同時(shí)性，空處為從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，且此處描述的是正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，所以使用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。故填are happening。
9．考查連詞。句意：每個(gè)人都有他們被吸引的東西，無(wú)論是第一個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)80到100年沒(méi)被動(dòng)過(guò)的東西，還是第一個(gè)洗它或看它被洗的人，所以他們真的能看到它是什么。根據(jù)r可知，空處需用連詞whether，構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)whether…r…表示“無(wú)論……還是……”。故填whether。
10．考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：每個(gè)人都有他們被吸引的東西，無(wú)論是第一個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)80到100年沒(méi)被動(dòng)過(guò)的東西，還是第一個(gè)洗它或看它被洗的人，所以他們真的能看到它是什么。空處需用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞wash與邏輯主語(yǔ)it構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，需用過(guò)去分詞形式washed作賓補(bǔ)。故填washed。
Sectin B
Directins: Fill in each blank with a prper wrd chsen frm the bx. Each wrd can be used nly nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
D yu ever draw? Mst f us dn’t, and the reasn we usually leave drawing t the artists is because we’re nt very gd at it. Wh wants t d smething they’re bad at? But maybe we shuld rethink this 11 , especially since drawing has s many benefits, whether yu are an artist r nt.
We shuld 12 this idea: What if drawing was just a lw-stakes thing we did because we enjyed it and it helped us see the wrld better?
“We have missed the significance f drawing because we see it as a 13 skill instead f a persnal capacity,” writes design histrian D．B．Dwd in his bk, “Stick Figures: Drawing as a Human Practice.” “This essential cnfusin has 14 ur understanding f drawing and kept it frm being seen as a tl fr learning abve all else.”
Here’s an example: Yu might enjy eating at a restaurant that basts an 15 chef, and yu may als enjy a great pasta dish yu make at hme. One desn’t 16 the ther; yu can appreciate a meticulusly assembled meal as much as a hmemade ne-they’re just different. The same is true fr drawing.
Sitting (r standing!) with a pad and pencil, drawing smething yu see r imagine requires fcus and a 17 quiet mind, smething many f us are lking t cultivate. The first few minutes int the 18 might be a bit frustrating and distracting, but keep ging. I’ve fund that nce I settle int it, I get better at the actual drawing part, and it’s mre enjyable. But especially if yu aren’t used t drawing, yu might be itching t run away and d smething-anything-else at the start. T deal with yur 19 , give yurself a time limit. Set a timer fr 20 minutes; that shuld give yu enugh time t put in a genuine effrt and get t the pint where yur mind will quiet dwn. Yu can always keep ging if yu want, but that timer will at the very least allw yu t take yur mind ff utside 20 .
【答案】
11．H 12．C 13．A 14．J 15．E 16．B 17．G 18．F 19．D 20．I
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】
這是一篇說(shuō)明文。我們大多數(shù)人都不喜歡畫(huà)畫(huà)，而我們通常把畫(huà)畫(huà)留給藝術(shù)家的原因是因?yàn)槲覀儾惶瞄L(zhǎng)畫(huà)畫(huà)。但作者認(rèn)為應(yīng)該將畫(huà)畫(huà)當(dāng)成一種更好地觀察世界的方式，畫(huà)畫(huà)需要專(zhuān)注和相對(duì)安靜的思維，這是我們很多人都想要培養(yǎng)的。以及說(shuō)明了一種有助于專(zhuān)心繪畫(huà)的方法。
11．
考查名詞。句意：但也許我們應(yīng)該重新思考這個(gè)假設(shè)，尤其是繪畫(huà)有這么多好處，不管是不是藝術(shù)家。分析句意可知，本句中缺少賓語(yǔ)，填寫(xiě)名詞assumptin“假設(shè)”，用于指前文出現(xiàn)的“Mst f us dn’t, and the reasn we usually leave drawing t the artists is because we’re nt very gd at it.( 我們中的大多數(shù)人都沒(méi)有，我們通常把繪畫(huà)留給藝術(shù)家的原因是因?yàn)槲覀儾惶瞄L(zhǎng)繪畫(huà)。)”假設(shè)，符合語(yǔ)境。故選H。
12．
考查動(dòng)詞。句意：我們應(yīng)該考慮這個(gè)想法：如果繪畫(huà)只是我們因?yàn)槲覀兿矚g而做的一件低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的事情，而且它幫助我們更好地看待世界呢？分析句意可知，本句中缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，使用動(dòng)詞cnsider表示“考慮”，語(yǔ)義通順，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。
13．
考查形容詞。句意：我們誤解了繪畫(huà)的意義，因?yàn)槲覀冋J(rèn)為它是一種專(zhuān)業(yè)技能，而不是個(gè)人能力。分析句意可知，skill“技能”為名詞需要形容詞修飾，使用形容詞prfessinal表示“專(zhuān)業(yè)的”語(yǔ)義通順，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。
14．
考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：這種本質(zhì)上的困惑阻礙了我們對(duì)繪畫(huà)的理解，也讓它不再被視為學(xué)習(xí)的工具。分析句意可知，此句缺謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，且需要使用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞形式，構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故填寫(xiě)hindered“阻礙”符合語(yǔ)境。故選J。
15．
考查形容詞。句意：這里有一個(gè)例子：你可能喜歡在一家自夸擁有令人難以置信的廚師的餐廳吃飯，你也可能喜歡在家做的一道很棒的面食。分析句意可知，此處chef“廚師”前需要使用形容詞作定語(yǔ)，形容詞incredible“難以置信的”語(yǔ)義符合語(yǔ)境。故選E。
16．
考查動(dòng)詞。句意：一個(gè)并不排斥另一個(gè)；你能夠欣賞精心準(zhǔn)備的飯菜，就像喜歡自制的飯菜一樣——它們只是不同而已。分析句意可知，本句中缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，且根據(jù)上文desn’t可知應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞原形，故使用動(dòng)詞exclude“排斥”，用于描述上文提出兩種截然不同的飯菜的關(guān)系，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。
17．
考查副詞。句意：坐著（或站著?。?，拿著畫(huà)板和鉛筆，畫(huà)一些你能看到或想象到的東西，需要專(zhuān)注和相對(duì)安靜的思維，這是我們很多人都想要培養(yǎng)的。分析句意可知，此處修飾形容詞quiet“安靜的”，應(yīng)用副詞，故relatively“相對(duì)地”符合語(yǔ)境。故選G。
18．
考查名詞。句意：最初進(jìn)入創(chuàng)作的幾分鐘可能會(huì)有點(diǎn)令人沮喪，且讓人分心，但是堅(jiān)持下去。分析句意可知，此處定冠詞后需要使用名詞作介詞int的賓語(yǔ)。而前文提及的是drawing smething“畫(huà)一些東西”，屬于創(chuàng)作，故名詞cmpsitin“創(chuàng)作”符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。
19．
考查名詞。句意：為了應(yīng)對(duì)你的不安，給自己一個(gè)時(shí)間限制。分析句意可知，yur為形容詞性物主代詞修飾名詞，故應(yīng)該填名詞。且后文“where yur mind will quiet dwn. (這個(gè)點(diǎn)上你的心能靜下來(lái)。)”說(shuō)明要應(yīng)對(duì)的是“不安”，即名詞restlessness。故選D。
20．
考查名詞。句意：如果你想的話，你可以一直做下去，但那個(gè)計(jì)時(shí)器至少可以讓你把注意力從外界的干擾上移開(kāi)。分析句意可知，utside“外面的”，為形容詞后接名詞， distractin意為“干擾”符合語(yǔ)境。故選I。
III.Reading Cmprehensin (共45分。 41-45每題1分；56-70每題2分)
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext
Deliberatin is nt always the best ptin
Humans have develped ver millins f years f evlutin t respnd t certain situatins withut thinking t hard. If yur ancestrs 21 mvement in the undergrwth, they wuld run first and ask questins later. At the same time, the 22 t analyse and t plan is part f what distinguishes peple frm ther animals.
The questin f when t trust yur gut(直覺(jué))and when t test yur 23 —whether t think fast r slw, in the language f Daniel Kahneman, a psychlgist— 24 in the ffice as much as it des in the savannah(大草原).
Deliberative thinking is the feature f a well-managed wrkplace. Strategic changes and budget discussins are built n runds f meetings, mems, frmulas and presentatins. Prcesses are increasingly designed t 25 instinctive respnses. Frm blind screening f jb applicants t using “red-teaming” techniques t pick apart a firm’s plans, precisin 26 instinct.
Yet instinct als has its place. Sme decisins are mre cnnected t emtinal respnses and inherently(固有的)less 27 t analysis. Des a marketing campaign capture the 28 f yur cmpany, say, r wuld this persn wrk well with ther peple in a team? In 29 custmer-service situatins, intuitin is ften a better guide t hw t behave than a script.
Gut instincts can als be 30 . Plenty f research has shwn that intuitin becmes mre unfailing with experience. In ne well-knwn experiment, cnducted in 2012, vlunteers were asked t 31 whether a selectin f designer handbags were fake r real. Sme were instructed t perate n instinct and thers t deliberate ver their decisin. Intuitin wrked better fr thse wh wned at least three designer handbags; indeed, it 32 analysis. The mre expert yu becme, the better yur instincts tend t be.
33 , the real reasn t embrace fast thinking is that it is, well, fast. Instinctive decisin-making is ften the nly way t get thrugh the day. Researchers at Crnell University nce estimated that peple make ver 200 decisins a day abut fd alne. The wrkplace is 34 but a successin f chices, a few big and many small: what t 35 , when t intervene, whm t avid in the lifts and, nw, where t wrk each day.
21．A．uncveredB．spttedC．blckedD．encuntered
22．A．capacityB．mtiveC．reluctanceD．urge
23．A．cnsultatinB．a(chǎn)nticipatinC．a(chǎn)ssumptinsD．reactin
24．A．integratesB．mattersC．wrksD．a(chǎn)buses
25．A．bring utB．pick utC．make utD．stamp ut
26．A．equalsB．cmprisesC．beatsD．bsts
27．A．manageableB．a(chǎn)daptableC．familiarD．sensitive
28．A．a(chǎn)ttentinB．pprtunityC．statusD．essence
29．A．rughB．tughC．nervusD．neutral
30．A．imprvedB．cpiedC．transferredD．weakened
31．A．ensureB．extinguishC．clarifyD．a(chǎn)ssess
32．A．undertkB．utperfrmedC．facilitatedD．paralleled
33．A．LikewiseB．HweverC．CnsequentlyD．Mrever
34．A．a(chǎn)nythingB．smethingC．nthingD．everything
35．A．cperateB．priritizeC．cnvinceD．strive
【答案】
21．B 22．A 23．C 24．B 25．D 26．C 27．A 28．D 29．B 30．A 31．D 32．B 33．B 34．C 35．B
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要向我們說(shuō)明了深思熟慮并不總是最好的選擇，某些時(shí)候，直覺(jué)的優(yōu)勢(shì)更大。
21．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：如果你的祖先發(fā)現(xiàn)灌木叢中有動(dòng)靜，他們會(huì)先跑，然后再問(wèn)問(wèn)題。A.uncvered揭露；B.sptted發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.blcked阻礙；D.encuntered遭遇。由上文“Humans have develped ver millins f years f evlutin t respnd t certain situatins withut thinking t hard.”可知講述了人類(lèi)經(jīng)過(guò)數(shù)百萬(wàn)年的進(jìn)化，已經(jīng)能夠不費(fèi)吹灰之力地對(duì)某些情況作出反應(yīng)，即發(fā)現(xiàn)某些情況，可以立即作出反應(yīng)，故推知“If yur ancestrs __mvement in the undergrwth, they wuld run first and ask questins later.”表述的是如果你的祖先發(fā)現(xiàn)灌木叢中有動(dòng)靜，他們會(huì)先跑，然后再問(wèn)問(wèn)題，即發(fā)現(xiàn)某些情況會(huì)立即作出反應(yīng)，承接了前文所述內(nèi)容；故選B項(xiàng)。
22．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同時(shí)，分析和計(jì)劃的能力也是人類(lèi)區(qū)別于其他動(dòng)物的部分原因。A.capacity能力；B.mtive原因，動(dòng)機(jī)；C.reluctance勉強(qiáng)；D.urge沖動(dòng)。由本句“At the same time, the _2_t analyse and t plan is part f what distinguishes peple frm ther animals.”可知提到了人類(lèi)與其他動(dòng)物的區(qū)別，常識(shí)可知人類(lèi)之所以要比其他動(dòng)物高級(jí)，就是具有其他動(dòng)物所不具備的某些方面的能力，故推知本處表述的是分析和計(jì)劃的能力也是人類(lèi)區(qū)別于其他動(dòng)物的部分原因；故選A項(xiàng)。
23．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：什么時(shí)候該相信自己的直覺(jué)，什么時(shí)候該檢驗(yàn)自己的假設(shè)——用心理學(xué)家Daniel Kahneman的話來(lái)說(shuō)，是快速思考還是慢速思考——這個(gè)問(wèn)題在辦公室里和在大草原上一樣要緊。A.cnsultatin磋商；B.anticipatin期盼；C.assumptins假設(shè)；D.reactin反應(yīng)。由本句“The questin f when t trust yur gut(直覺(jué))and when t test yur __3_ —whether t think fast r slw ,in the language f Daniel Kahneman, a psychlgist”可知用Daniel Kahneman的話來(lái)說(shuō)，憑借直覺(jué)來(lái)判斷即是快速思考，而慢速思考則是與快速思考相反的，即與憑借直覺(jué)判斷是相反的，推知慢速思考即是通過(guò)慢慢檢驗(yàn)自己的假設(shè)，然后才作出判斷；故空處表達(dá)的是“假設(shè)”；故選C項(xiàng)。
24．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：什么時(shí)候該相信自己的直覺(jué)，什么時(shí)候該檢驗(yàn)自己的假設(shè)——用心理學(xué)家Daniel Kahneman的話來(lái)說(shuō)，是快速思考還是慢速思考——這個(gè)問(wèn)題在辦公室里和在大草原上一樣要緊。A.integrates使結(jié)合；B.matters要緊；C. wrks工作；D.abuses虐待。由文章第一段“If yur ancestrs___mvement in the undergrwth, they wuld run first and ask questins later.”可知祖先們遇到異常情況會(huì)先跑再問(wèn)，是因?yàn)樗麄兯娴沫h(huán)境是非常險(xiǎn)惡的，所以快速思考和慢速思考在大草原上很重要；文章第三段“Deliberative thinking is the feature f a well-managed wrkplace”提到了深思熟慮在職場(chǎng)的重要性；文章第四段“Yet instinct als has its place.”可知提到了本能在職場(chǎng)的一席之位；故推知本處“whether t think fast r slw, in the language f Daniel Kahneman, a psychlgist—__4_ in the ffice as much as it des in the savannah(大草原).”講述的是快速思考還是慢速思考在辦公室和大草原一樣要緊；故選B項(xiàng)。
25．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：程序越來(lái)越多地被設(shè)計(jì)用來(lái)消滅本能反應(yīng)。A.bring ut拿出；B.pick ut挑選；C.make ut起草；D.stamp ut消滅。由上文“Strategic changes and budget discussins are built n runds f meetings, mems, frmulas and presentatins.”可知戰(zhàn)略變革和預(yù)算討論建立在一輪又一輪的會(huì)議、備忘錄、公式和演講之上，即在作出決策之前，要經(jīng)過(guò)很多道程序，經(jīng)過(guò)一次又一次的討論，這樣所作出的決策全是深思熟慮后的結(jié)果，完全消滅了由本能所作出的反應(yīng)；故選D項(xiàng)。
27．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：有些決定更多地與情緒反應(yīng)有關(guān)，本質(zhì)上難以進(jìn)行分析。A.manageable可做到的；B.adaptable有適應(yīng)能力的；C.familiar相似的；D.sensitive敏感的。由本句“Sme decisins are mre cnnected t emtinal respnses and inherently(固有的)less__7_t analysis.”可知一些決定更多地與情緒反應(yīng)有關(guān)，即主觀性因素較多，這個(gè)就難以以理性思維來(lái)分析了，less manageable 是難做到的，符合題意，故選A項(xiàng)。
28．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷(xiāo)活動(dòng)是否抓住了你公司的精髓，或者說(shuō)，這個(gè)人是否能與團(tuán)隊(duì)中的其他人很好地合作？A.attentin注意；B.pprtunity機(jī)會(huì)；C.status地位；D.essence精髓。由本段第一句“Yet instinct als has its place.”可知講述了本能也站一席之地的；下句“In__9_custmer-service situatins, intuitin is ften a better guide t hw t behave than a script.”提到了直覺(jué)通常是更好的行為指南，推知本句“Des a marketing campaign capture the _8_ f yur cmpany, say, r wuld this persn wrk well with ther peple in a team?”表達(dá)的意思營(yíng)銷(xiāo)活動(dòng)是否讓你公司直接并精確受益，即是否抓住你公司的精髓，完全依靠經(jīng)過(guò)深思熟慮的營(yíng)銷(xiāo)政策能否解決問(wèn)題？或者說(shuō)篩選出來(lái)的人是否能與團(tuán)隊(duì)中其他人合作？這些都意在表明有些時(shí)候直覺(jué)還是能被利用上的，深思熟慮后制定的政策并不適用于一切場(chǎng)合，本句與本段第一句主旨相符，故推知空處表示“精髓”；故選D項(xiàng)。
29．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在棘手的客戶服務(wù)情況下，直覺(jué)往往是比腳本更好的行為指南。A.rugh粗糙的；B.tugh棘手的；C.nervus神經(jīng)緊張的；D.neutral中立的。由本句“In__9_custmer-service situatins, intuitin is ften a better guide t hw t behave than a script.”可知提到直覺(jué)是更好的行為指南，這是在某種情況下，推知如果在簡(jiǎn)單容易的客戶服務(wù)里，就按照制定好的策略執(zhí)行就行了，但是在棘手的情況下，那直覺(jué)發(fā)揮的作用就比制定好的腳本更適用了，故推知空處表示的是“棘手的”，用tugh；故選B項(xiàng)。
30．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：直覺(jué)也可以得到改善。A.imprved改善；B. cpied復(fù)制；C.transferred轉(zhuǎn)移；D.weakened變?nèi)?。由下文“Plenty f research has shwn that intuitin becmes mre unfailing with experience.”可知大量的研究表明，直覺(jué)在經(jīng)驗(yàn)的幫助下變得更加可靠，因?yàn)槲恼虑懊娑温湟恢痹趶?qiáng)調(diào)很多情況下深思熟慮取代本能直覺(jué)，肯定是憑借直覺(jué)判斷有很大不足才會(huì)被深思熟慮所取代，而本處提到了直覺(jué)在經(jīng)驗(yàn)的幫助下會(huì)變更可靠，這個(gè)就是直覺(jué)的一個(gè)改善，故空處表示“改善”；故選A項(xiàng)。
31．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在2012年進(jìn)行的一個(gè)著名的實(shí)驗(yàn)中，志愿者被要求評(píng)估一些名牌手袋是假的還是真的。A.ensure確保；B.extinguish撲滅；C.clarify闡明；D.assess評(píng)定，評(píng)估。由本句“whether a selectin f designer handbags were fake r real”可知提到了一些名牌手提袋的真假；下文“Intuitin wrked better fr thse wh wned at least three designer handbags;”對(duì)于那些至少擁有三個(gè)名牌手袋的人來(lái)說(shuō)，直覺(jué)更有效，可推知本處是讓他們?cè)u(píng)定這些手提袋的真假，擁有至少三個(gè)手提袋的人的直覺(jué)會(huì)更準(zhǔn)，這個(gè)就是經(jīng)驗(yàn)使直覺(jué)更可靠；故選D項(xiàng)。
32．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：事實(shí)上，它的表現(xiàn)比分析更好。A. undertk承擔(dān)；B.utperfrmed比……表現(xiàn)更好；C.facilitated促進(jìn)；D.paralleled與……平行。由上句“Intuitin wrked better fr thse wh wned at least three designer handbags”可知對(duì)于那些至少擁有三個(gè)名牌手袋的人來(lái)說(shuō)，直覺(jué)更有效，即直覺(jué)比理性分析更有效，故“it__12_analysis.”表述的是它比分析表現(xiàn)更好；故選B項(xiàng)。
33．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，信奉快速思維的真正原因是，它確實(shí)很快。A.Likewise同樣地；B.Hwever然而；C.Cnsequently因此；D.Mrever此外。由上句“The mre expert yu becme, the better yur instincts tend t be.”可知提到越專(zhuān)業(yè)的話直覺(jué)就越精確，那么精確度是我們應(yīng)該信奉快速思維的原因嗎？下文給出答案“_13__ , the real reasn t embrace fast thinking is that it is, well, fast.”即信奉快速思維的真正原因是它很快，故推知空處表示“然而”，意在表明雖然直覺(jué)有時(shí)候精確，然而我們信奉它的真正原因是因?yàn)樗?；故選B項(xiàng)。
34．考查不定代詞詞義辨析。句意：工作場(chǎng)所只不過(guò)是一連串的選擇，有大有?。菏裁词莾?yōu)先處理的，什么時(shí)候介入，在電梯里避開(kāi)誰(shuí)，現(xiàn)在，每天在哪里工作。A.anything任何事物；B.smething某事；C.nthing沒(méi)有什么；D.everything每一事物。nthing but是固定搭配，譯為“只不過(guò)是……”，符合題意；故選C項(xiàng)。
35．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：工作場(chǎng)所只不過(guò)是一連串的選擇，有大有?。菏裁词莾?yōu)先處理的，什么時(shí)候介入，在電梯里避開(kāi)誰(shuí)，現(xiàn)在，每天在哪里工作。A. cperate合作；B.priritize優(yōu)先處理；C.cnvince使信服；D.strive奮斗。由本句“The wrkplace is___but a successin f chices, a few big and many small: what t __15_ , when t intervene, whm t avid in the lifts and, nw, where t wrk each day.”可知講到了職場(chǎng)是一連串的選擇，有大有小，既然有這么多選擇，那么總要有先后處理的順序，故推知空處表示“優(yōu)先處理”，與后面句子構(gòu)成排比，即什么是優(yōu)先處理的，什么時(shí)候介入，在電梯里避開(kāi)誰(shuí)等等；故選B項(xiàng)。
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
(A)
It’s a classic stry: A kid is frced t learn an instrument frm a yung age, they play it thrughut their childhd, and they develp a bittersweet relatinship with it. Is the cnstant battle between the lve fr the music and the hate fr the cnstant challenge wrth the fight? Fr me, it was.
I started playing the pian when I was fur-that was 15 years ag! This was huge cmmitment, s there must have been smething wrth hlding n t, right?
The easy guess is that I was purely in lve with music and pian. Althugh that’s the sweeter tale, it’s a bit mre cmplicated. I struggled a lt with pian. Family and peers were, at least in my wn head, cnstantly placed beside me in cmpetitin. I felt pressure t be the best in rder t prve smething t thers-and mre devastatingly (破壞性地) t prve smething t myself. The seed f my musical interest was grwn in the sunlight f cmpetitin and dubt. Hate spruted (滋生) when my self-criticism hit t hard.
It’s difficult t learn t lve smething that didn’t riginate frm lve. Fr a while, pian was mre f an annyance than a hbby. But smehw, lve grew. It was deeply buried. But it was there, and by high schl,it was strng enugh that when I was truly n the verge f quitting any kind f frmal training. I fund the strength t hld n tighter, and dig further. I switched teachers, and gt incredibly lucky with ne wh helped me tunnel int what I lved. I learned pieces fr myself, I cmpsed fr myself, and I fund cnfidence nt because I gt “gd enugh,” but because I learned that anything I had was gd enugh.
The lve and hate I’ve had fr the pian were bth planted and grwn. If yu t have learned t hate smething, remember that with cmmitment, it can be uprted, and lve can make a hme in its place. There is always time. There is always rm.
36．What des the authr want t shw by telling a classic stry?
A．The benefits f music.
B．Kids’ struggle in learning instruments.
C．Kids’ bittersweet childhd.
D．The ppularity f learning instruments.
37．What can we knw abut the authr’s experience f playing the pian?
A．She finally quit frmal training.
B．She never treated it as her hbby.
C．She was in pure lve with music and pian.
D．She nce experienced great pressure frm herself.
38．What helped the authr find cnfidence?
A．Her attitude.B．Her training.
C．Her cmprmise.D．Her achievement.
39．What message is mainly delivered in the passage?
A．Practice makes perfect.
B．Lve is a thing that grws.
C．Cntent is better than riches.
D．Chance favrs the prepared mind.
【答案】36．B 37．D 38．B 39．B
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章主要講述了自己在學(xué)習(xí)鋼琴過(guò)程中的愛(ài)與恨以及自己感悟。
36．推理判斷題。由文章第一段“It’s a classic stry: A kid is frced t learn an instrument frm a yung age, they play it thrughut their childhd, and they develp a bittersweet relatinship with it. Is the cnstant battle between the lve fr the music and the hate fr the cnstant challenge wrth the fight? Fr me, it was.(這是一個(gè)經(jīng)典的故事：一個(gè)孩子從小就被迫學(xué)習(xí)一種樂(lè)器，他們?cè)谡麄€(gè)童年時(shí)期都在演奏，并與之發(fā)展出苦樂(lè)參半的關(guān)系。對(duì)音樂(lè)的熱愛(ài)和對(duì)不斷挑戰(zhàn)的憎恨之間不斷的斗爭(zhēng)值得嗎？對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)，是的)”可推知，文章講故事是為了說(shuō)明孩子們?cè)趯W(xué)樂(lè)器方面的掙扎，然后引出介紹自己的情況。故選B項(xiàng)。
37．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段“ I felt pressure t be the best in rder t prve smething t thers-and mre devastatingly (破壞性地) t prve smething t myself. The seed f my musical interest was grwn in the sunlight f cmpetitin and dubt.(為了向別人證明一些東西，我感受到了成為最好的人的壓力——更具毀滅性的是，為了向自己證明一些東西。我對(duì)音樂(lè)的興趣在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)和懷疑的陽(yáng)光下生長(zhǎng)。)”可知，作者曾經(jīng)經(jīng)歷了來(lái)自自己的巨大壓力。故選D項(xiàng)。
38．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章倒數(shù)第二段“I switched teachers, and gt incredibly lucky with ne wh helped me tunnel int what I lved. I learned pieces fr myself, I cmpsed fr myself, and I fund cnfidence nt because I gt “gd enugh,” but because I learned that anything I had was gd enugh.(我換了老師，并非常幸運(yùn)地找到了一位幫助我深入到我喜歡的領(lǐng)域的老師。我為自己學(xué)習(xí)樂(lè)曲，為自己作曲，我找到了自信，不是因?yàn)槲摇白銐蚝谩?，而是因?yàn)槲抑牢覔碛械娜魏螙|西都足夠好)”可知，幫助作者找到自信的就是來(lái)自于她遇到的一位老師的訓(xùn)練。故選B項(xiàng)。
39．推理判斷題。由文章倒數(shù)第二段“It’s difficult t learn t lve smething that didn’t riginate frm lve. (很難學(xué)會(huì)去愛(ài)一些不是源于愛(ài)的東西)”以及文章最后一段“The lve and hate I’ve had fr the pian were bth planted and grwn. If yu t have learned t hate smething, remember that with cmmitment, it can be uprted, and lve can make a hme in its place. There is always time. There is always rm.(我對(duì)鋼琴的愛(ài)和恨都是種下的，也是成長(zhǎng)的。如果你也學(xué)會(huì)了憎恨某件事，請(qǐng)記住，有了承諾，它可以被連根拔起，愛(ài)可以在它的地方建立一個(gè)家。時(shí)間總是有的?？臻g也總是有的)”以及上下文可知，文章通過(guò)自己練鋼琴的經(jīng)歷領(lǐng)悟到：對(duì)東西的愛(ài)是可以逐漸培養(yǎng)形成的。由此推知，B項(xiàng)Lve is a thing that grws(愛(ài)是一種成長(zhǎng)的東西)符合文意。故選B項(xiàng)。
(B)
Every day, peple wrldwide vlunteer fr thusands f different cmpanies and rganizatins. They see vlunteering as a way f demnstrating what they stand fr and cnsider valuable. What are sme f the majr trends in vlunteering? T answer the questin, we’ll need t lk at sme statistics.
#1 Arund 30% f Americans vlunteer.
Abut ne-third f adult Americans frmally vlunteer at least nce a year. 36% f the time spent in vlunteering is dedicated t fundraising. Mrever, 34% f vlunteering activity ges t cllecting r delivering fd.
#2 In USA, 15% f peple supprt hunger and hmelessness causes.
Hunger and hmelessness causes are the mst supprted in USA．The next leading cause fr vlunteering is health and wellness, with 13% f Americans dnating t thse causes. Other tp causes are charities fr animals and wildlife and charities fr the cuntry’s yunger generatin, with 10% and 9% f Americans supprting them, respectively.
#3 Peple arund the wrld dnate repeatedly.
In Eurpe, 44% peple dnate repeatedly. Australia and New Zealand have a higher percentage f peple wh d the same — 51%, utnumbered by USA with a percentage f 57%, and in Africa, the percentage is even higher.
#4 Vlunteering plays a rle in emplyment.
One surprising benefit f vlunteering is that it can assist in jb-hunting. Vlunteers wh’ve been unemplyed are 27% mre likely t find wrk. That’s especially true fr unemplyed vlunteers withut secndary schl experience, wh are 51% mre likely than nn-vlunteers t find a jb.
The trend that emplyers prefer vlunteers t nn-vlunteers applies n matter hw ld and where the vlunteers are. Statistics indicate that 91% f emplyers value sft skills as much as hard skills, and vlunteering is an excellent way t develp sft skills in a real-wrld envirnment.
#5 Wmen are mre likely than men t vlunteer.
Glbally, abut 57% f vlunteer wrk is dne by wmen. Wmen are mre likely t engage in activities like childcare fr neighbrs, r helping with a lcal envirnmental cleanup.
In USA, 34% f wmen vlunteer, cmpared t 26% f men.
40．Peple arund the wrld vlunteer because they ________.
A．a(chǎn)re interested in the majr trends in vlunteering
B．a(chǎn)re able t deal with trubles related t vlunteering
C．prefer t wrk in varius kinds f cmpanies r rganizatins
D．regard vlunteering as a way t shw their identity and values
41．We can learn frm #4 that ________.
A．vlunteering imprves peple’s chance f emplyment
B．vlunteers’ age will affect their likelihd f getting hired
C．emplyers think vlunteering develps sft skills as much as hard skills
D．vlunteers withut educatinal backgrund are unlikely t be emplyed
42．Which chart crrectly illustrates the infrmatin in the passage?
A．B．
C．D．
【答案】40．D 41．A 42．B
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了世界各地從事志愿者活動(dòng)的情況以及志愿服務(wù)的好處。
40．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Every day, peple wrldwide vlunteer fr thusands f different cmpanies and rganizatins. They see vlunteering as a way f demnstrating what they stand fr and cnsider valuable.(每天，世界各地的人們都在為成千上萬(wàn)個(gè)不同的公司和組織做志愿者。他們認(rèn)為志愿服務(wù)是一種展示他們的立場(chǎng)和價(jià)值的方式)”可知，世界各地的人們都參加志愿活動(dòng)，因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為志愿活動(dòng)是展示自己身份和價(jià)值觀的一種方式。故選D。
41．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)#4 Vlunteering plays a rle in emplyment.部分中“One surprising benefit f vlunteering is that it can assist in jb-hunting. Vlunteers wh’ve been unemplyed are 27% mre likely t find wrk. That’s especially true fr unemplyed vlunteers withut secndary schl experience, wh are 51% mre likely than nn-vlunteers t find a jb.(志愿服務(wù)的一個(gè)驚人的好處是，它可以幫助找工作。失業(yè)的志愿者找到工作的可能性要高出27%。對(duì)于沒(méi)有中學(xué)經(jīng)歷的失業(yè)志愿者來(lái)說(shuō)尤其如此，他們找到工作的可能性比非志愿者高51%)”以及“The trend that emplyers prefer vlunteers t nn-vlunteers applies n matter hw ld and where the vlunteers are. Statistics indicate that 91% f emplyers value sft skills as much as hard skills, and vlunteering is an excellent way t develp sft skills in a real-wrld envirnment.(雇主更喜歡志愿者而不是非志愿者的趨勢(shì)適用于志愿者的年齡和地點(diǎn)。統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)顯示，91%的雇主重視軟技能和硬技能，而志愿活動(dòng)是在現(xiàn)實(shí)環(huán)境中培養(yǎng)軟技能的絕佳途徑)”可知，志愿服務(wù)可以提高人們的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。故選A。
42．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Hunger and hmelessness causes are the mst supprted in USA. The next leading cause fr vlunteering is health and wellness, with 13% f Americans dnating t thse causes. Other tp causes are charities fr animals and wildlife and charities fr the cuntry’s yunger generatin, with 10% and 9% f Americans supprting them, respectively.(在美國(guó)，饑餓和無(wú)家可歸是最受支持的原因。志愿服務(wù)的下一個(gè)主要原因是健康和保健，13%的美國(guó)人為這些原因捐款。其他最受歡迎的慈善事業(yè)是動(dòng)物和野生動(dòng)物慈善事業(yè)，以及美國(guó)年輕一代的慈善事業(yè)，分別有10%和9%的美國(guó)人支持)”可知，圖二正確地說(shuō)明了文章中的信息。故選B。
(C)
Almst all humans acquire at least ne language befre the age f five. Hw d yung children understand and prduce cmplex sentences with cmplicated meanings? D adults learn language differently frm children? Mst linguistic (語(yǔ)言學(xué)的) researchers agree that bth nature and nurture (后天) are invlved in language acquisitin. They disagree, hwever, abut hw much linguistic knwledge children have frm birth — and thus whether genetics r experience is mre imprtant in language acquisitin.
Fr many linguists, bilgical factrs are the mst imprtant in language learning. Sme argue that sme linguistic knwledge must exist in ur brains frm birth because children cannt pssibly experience every feature f their language befre the age f five. These linguists pint ut that nearly all children can prduce the same kinds f cmplex sentence structures by the age f five, even withut having heard them befre.
Many researchers have therized what this innate (先天的) linguistic knwledge must lk like. One ppular thery (理論) is universal grammar. This thery believes that all languages have the same basic structural fundatin. That fundatin is the innate knwledge universal t all humans. While children are nt genetically tending t speak a particular language, a universal grammar gives them certain linguistic infrmatin as a starting pint, which allws them t readily acquire the rules and patterns f whichever language they are expsed t.
Nt all linguists, hwever, believe that an inbrn ability fr language is the mst imprtant factr in language acquisitin. These researchers place greater emphasis n the influence f usage and experience. They argue that children are expsed t a wealth f linguistic structures ver the curse f five years. They gather data and determine language patterns and structures frm what they have bserved.
Linguists n bth sides f the debate are still wrking t explain the different language learning abilities f adults and children. Early childhd seems t be an imprtant perid fr mastering certain aspects f language. Children als tend t have a heightened ability t learn secnd languages. While adults may have sme advantages when studying in a frmal classrm， they usually d nt learn secnd languages. While adults may have sme advantages when studying in a frmal classrm, they usually d nt learn as quickly and easily as children. Are these different abilities a result f differences in hw adults and children are expsed t a new language? Are they the result f bilgical changes, r d bth bilgy and experience cme int play?
While ur understanding f language acquisitin is incmplete, this pursuit is well wrth the effrt. “We still dn’t understand hw a child learns its first language, why sme children have language disrders, r hw children and adults learn a secnd language,” explains Prfessr Jan Ma ling.
Explaining the prcess f language acquisitin prmises nt nly t help scientists answer these questins, but als t explain fundamental features f learning and the human brain.
43．What des the passage mainly talk abut?
A．The cntrl f nurture ver nature in language acquisitin.
B．The influence f universal grammar in language acquisitin.
C．The best methds fr children and adults t acquire language.
D．The rle f bilgical and envirnmental factrs in language acquisitin.
44．What is cvered in the secnd part f this article?
A．Studying language acquisitin will help understand language and the brain better.
B．Sme experts believe innate factrs explain children’s language develpment.
C．Sme experts fcus n the rle f envirnmental factrs in language acquisitin.
D．Acquiring a language is cmplicated, and it invlves bth nature and nurture.
45．What can we knw abut what the authr wants frm the 2 and 3 paragraph?
A．Present a general argument and then explain a specific thery.
B．Present a specific thery and then prpse a new study t prve it.
C．Present a general argument and then disprve an ppsite argument.
D．Present a scientific debate and then discuss what all linguists agree n.
46．What is the authr’s purpse f writing Paragraph 5 and Paragraph 6?
A．T raise pen questins that all linguists have.
B．T present tw different viewpints n language learning.
C．T stress the imprtance f experience in language learning.
D．T intrduce adult language acquisitin and shw why it’s unppular.
【答案】43．D 44．B 45．A 46．B
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了生物和環(huán)境因素在語(yǔ)言習(xí)得過(guò)程中的作用。
43．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Mst linguistic (語(yǔ)言學(xué)的) researchers agree that bth nature and nurture (后天) are invlved in language acquisitin. They disagree, hwever, abut hw much linguistic knwledge children have frm birth — and thus whether genetics r experience is mre imprtant in language acquisitin.(大多數(shù)語(yǔ)言學(xué)研究者一致認(rèn)為，先天和后天都與語(yǔ)言習(xí)得有關(guān)。然而，對(duì)于兒童從出生時(shí)就擁有多少語(yǔ)言知識(shí)，以及基因和經(jīng)驗(yàn)在語(yǔ)言習(xí)得中哪個(gè)更重要，他們意見(jiàn)不一)”及全文可知，文章主要討論了生物和環(huán)境因素在語(yǔ)言習(xí)得過(guò)程中的作用。故選D。
44．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Fr many linguists, bilgical factrs are the mst imprtant in language learning. Sme argue that sme linguistic knwledge must exist in ur brains frm birth because children cannt pssibly experience every feature f their language befre the age f five.(對(duì)于許多語(yǔ)言學(xué)家來(lái)說(shuō)，生物因素在語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)中是最重要的。一些人認(rèn)為，某些語(yǔ)言知識(shí)一定從出生起就存在于我們的大腦中，因?yàn)閮和谖鍤q之前不可能體驗(yàn)到他們語(yǔ)言的每一個(gè)特征)”可知，一些專(zhuān)家認(rèn)為，先天因素可以解釋兒童的語(yǔ)言發(fā)展。故選B。
45．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Fr many linguists, bilgical factrs are the mst imprtant in language learning.(對(duì)于許多語(yǔ)言學(xué)家來(lái)說(shuō)，生物因素在語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)中是最重要的)”和第三段中“Many researchers have therized what this innate (先天的) linguistic knwledge must lk like. One ppular thery (理論) is universal grammar.(許多研究人員已經(jīng)對(duì)這種先天的語(yǔ)言知識(shí)進(jìn)行了理論化。一個(gè)流行的理論是普遍語(yǔ)法)”可知，第二段提出一個(gè)一般的論點(diǎn)，然后第三段解釋一個(gè)具體的理論，故選A。
46．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段和第六段，特別是第五段中“Linguists n bth sides f the debate are still wrking t explain the different language learning abilities f adults and children.(爭(zhēng)論雙方的語(yǔ)言學(xué)家仍在努力解釋成人和兒童不同的語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)能力。)”可推斷，作者寫(xiě)第五段和第六段的目的是提出兩種不同的語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)觀點(diǎn)。故選B。
Sectin C
Directins: Cmplete the fllwing passage by using the sentences in the bx Each sentence can nly be used nce. Nte that there are tw sentences mre than yu need.
A flexible patch culd help peple with vice disrders talk
The human vice, with its unique ability t attract audiences, express lve and smetimes anny neighbrs, is a delibate thing. Dppler’s vcal crds can easily get damaged by stress, infectins, r veruse. 47 . Accrding t a 2005 study, 30% f the ppulatin will experience a vice disrder at sme pint in their life.
Researchers frm the University f Califrnia, Ls Angeles, have develped a sft patch that attaches t the neck, detecting muscle mvements and translating them int clear speech using machine-learning algrithms. Even thugh the device is still in the early stages, it culd be a significant imprvement ver existing cmmunicatin aids fr thse wh have lst their vice. 48 Mre cmplex aids such as electrlarynxes, external devices held against the thrat, r surgical ptins, can be invasive r require special training t use. This patch wuld theretically be able t clean all the bstacles.
The patch wrks based n the magnet-elastic (磁彈性的) effect When magnetic nanparticles are mixed int flexible materials like elastic r silicne, stretching the material can change its magnetic prperties. Every time the material changes shape, the particles either rtate r mve against each ther, altering the material’s magnetic strength. The patch, with its cpper cil brder that creates a stable magnetic field, can precisely track these changes.
49 In a trial with eight participants, the researchers captured the signals as the subjects spke and muthed five different sentences (including: “Hpe yur experiments are ging well!”, “Merry Christmas!” and “I lve yu!”). They then trained a machine-learning mdel t recgnize the distinct patterns f the electrical signals assciated with each sentence. This algrithm was then able t predict which f the five sentences the participants spke — whether alud r in silence — with mre than 90% accuracy.
The patch is als designed t be user-friendly. It stays n even when the skin is sweaty and can be wrn fr 40 minutes withut getting t warm.
Hwever, there is mre wrk t be dne. Fr nw the device can nly recgnize five pre-trained phrases. 50 T make it practical at scale, the researchers will need t cllect a lt mre data.
A．But the magnetizatin f the material hlds great prmise in the future.
B．Plus, individual differences in vcal-crds means the algrithm has t be persnalized t each user.
C．When the thrat muscles mve under the patch, the changes in the magnetic field can als be turned int electrical signals.
D．Currently, peple might resrt t typing, texting, r writing, which can be slw r hard t read in pr light.
E．It is nt just enthusiastic perfrmers wh risk damaging their vices.
F．In tests, the patch accurately recgnized sentences spken.
【答案】47．E 48．D 49．C 50．B
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了靈活的貼片可以幫助患有聲音障礙的人說(shuō)話。
47．根據(jù)空前“Dppler’s vcal crds can easily get damaged by stress, infectins, r veruse.(多普勒聲帶很容易因壓力、感染或過(guò)度使用而受損)”可知，這里提到了聲帶容易受損；以及空后“Accrding t a 2005 study, 30% f the ppulatin will experience a vice disrder at sme pint in their life.(根據(jù) 2005 年的一項(xiàng)研究，30% 的人在一生中的某個(gè)階段會(huì)經(jīng)歷聲音障礙)”可知，聲音障礙不僅局限在經(jīng)常用嗓的人群。E項(xiàng)“It is nt just enthusiastic perfrmers wh risk damaging their vices.(不僅僅是熱情的表演者面臨著嗓子受損的風(fēng)險(xiǎn))”符合語(yǔ)境。故選E。
48．根據(jù)空前“Even thugh the device is still in the early stages, it culd be a significant imprvement ver existing cmmunicatin aids fr thse wh have lst their vice.(盡管該設(shè)備仍處于早期階段，但對(duì)于失聲者來(lái)說(shuō)，它可能是對(duì)現(xiàn)有交流輔助工具的重大改進(jìn))”可知，這里提到了交流輔助工具；以及空后“Mre cmplex aids such as electrlarynxes, external devices held against the thrat, r surgical ptins, can be invasive r require special training t use. This patch wuld theretically be able t clean all the bstacles.(更復(fù)雜的輔助設(shè)備，例如電喉、抵住喉嚨的外部設(shè)備或手術(shù)選擇，可能是侵入性的或需要特殊培訓(xùn)才能使用)”可知，復(fù)雜輔助設(shè)備不足，可推斷出前面提到了人們失聲選擇的一般溝通方式以及它們的不足。D項(xiàng)“Currently, peple might resrt t typing, texting, r writing, which can be slw r hard t read in pr light.(目前，人們可能會(huì)求助于打字、發(fā)短信或書(shū)寫(xiě)，這些方式可能會(huì)很慢，或者在光線不足的情況下難以閱讀)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。
49．設(shè)空位置位于段首，起到統(tǒng)領(lǐng)本段大意的作用，根據(jù)下文“In a trial with eight participants, the researchers captured the signals as the subjects spke and muthed five different sentences (including: “Hpe yur experiments are ging well!”, “Merry Christmas!” and “I lve yu!”). They then trained a machine-learning mdel t recgnize the distinct patterns f the electrical signals assciated with each sentence. This algrithm was then able t predict which f the five sentences the participants spke — whether alud r in silence — with mre than 90% accuracy.(在一項(xiàng)有 8 名參與者參與的試驗(yàn)中，研究人員捕獲了受試者說(shuō)話時(shí)發(fā)出的信號(hào)，并用口型表達(dá)了 5 個(gè)不同的句子（包括：“希望你的實(shí)驗(yàn)進(jìn)展順利！”、“圣誕快樂(lè)！”我愛(ài)你！”）。然后，他們訓(xùn)練了一個(gè)機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)模型來(lái)識(shí)別與每個(gè)句子相關(guān)的電信號(hào)的不同模式。然后，該算法能夠預(yù)測(cè)參與者說(shuō)出的五個(gè)句子中的哪一個(gè)（無(wú)論是大聲還是沉默），準(zhǔn)確率超過(guò) 90%)”可知，本段講述了貼片的工作原理。C項(xiàng)“When the thrat muscles mve under the patch, the changes in the magnetic field can als be turned int electrical signals.(當(dāng)喉部肌肉在貼片下移動(dòng)時(shí)，磁場(chǎng)的變化也可以轉(zhuǎn)化為電信號(hào))”符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。
50．根據(jù)空前“Hwever, there is mre wrk t be dne. Fr nw the device can nly recgnize five pre-trained phrases.(然而，還有更多工作要做。目前該設(shè)備只能識(shí)別五個(gè)預(yù)先訓(xùn)練的短語(yǔ))”可知，這里提到了貼片的局限；后面要繼續(xù)補(bǔ)充需要改進(jìn)的地方。B項(xiàng)“Plus, individual differences in vcal-crds means the algrithm has t be persnalized t each user.(另外，聲帶的個(gè)體差異意味著算法必須針對(duì)每個(gè)用戶進(jìn)行個(gè)性化)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。
IV.Summary Writing (共10分）
Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint( s)f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
Imperfectin can be a gift
We all want t d things well and fr things t turn ut right. Hwever, grwing up als invlves accepting when things g wrng. In fact, messing up can lead t sme f the mst interesting and meaningful utcmes.
Aiming fr results, whether that’s getting gd schl grades, shining in sprt r acing an art prject, can help yu fcus n yur gals. Hwever, it’s just as imprtant t fcus n enjying the prcess. Getting t hung up n things turning ut exactly as yu think they shuld can put a lt f pressure n yu and lead t anxiety. That’s why it’s gd t leave sme rm fr errrs and imperfectins. Then if things dn’t g as planned, it’s nt a big deal and yu may learn smething new.
Dr Vara is a psychlgist wh helps peple take care f their mental health. She says getting things wrng is part f grwing up. “We als have t experience the uncmfrtable feeling when we get things wrng. This helps us t becme strnger,” says Dr Vara. “Otherwise, we’ll be t scared t make mistakes. This fear can lead t us putting ff ding difficult things r aviding trying new things.” It’s imprtant t realise that making mistakes is cmmn, which shws that it is impssible t be perfect and failure is nrmal.
Learning frm yur mistakes is an essential part f grwing up. The mst imprtant thing is hw yu respnd and what yu chse t d next. Try nt t take it t seriusly, blame yurself r feel t disappinted r upset. Dr Vara explains, “Remember that yu’re nt a bad persn fr getting things wrng——yu’re human. It might feel uncmfrtable fr a bit, then these feelings will pass and then yu’ll bunce back.”
Instead, think abut what yu might d differently next time. This has been prven t wrk. In ne study, students wh were reminded t frgive and be kind t themselves when they failed a test felt mre mtivated t try again.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Accepting failures is a natural part f grwth. Fcusing n enjying the prcess rather than just the results can reduce pressure and anxiety. Dr. Vara explains that making mistakes is nrmal and essential fr becming strnger. The key is t learn frm mistakes, nt be t hard n neself, and cnsider hw t imprve next time.
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文的體裁是明文。接受失敗是成長(zhǎng)的自然組成部分。專(zhuān)注于享受過(guò)程而不僅僅是結(jié)果可以減輕壓力和焦慮。瓦拉博士解釋說(shuō)，犯錯(cuò)誤是正常的，對(duì)變得更強(qiáng)壯至關(guān)重要。關(guān)鍵是要從錯(cuò)誤中吸取教訓(xùn)，不要對(duì)自己太苛刻，并考慮下次如何改進(jìn)。
【詳解】1.要點(diǎn)摘錄
①Hwever, grwing up als invlves accepting when things g wrng.
②Hwever, it’s just as imprtant t fcus n enjying the prcess. Getting t hung up n things turning ut exactly as yu think they shuld can put a lt f pressure n yu and lead t anxiety.
③She says getting things wrng is part f grwing up. “We als have t experience the uncmfrtable feeling when we get things wrng. This helps us t becme strnger,” says Dr Vara.
④Learning frm yur mistakes is an essential part f grwing up. The mst imprtant thing is hw yu respnd and what yu chse t d next. Try nt t take it t seriusly, blame yurself r feel t disappinted r upset.
2.縝密構(gòu)思將第1、2兩個(gè)要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行重組，將3、4兩個(gè)要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行整合。
3.遣詞造句Fcusing n enjying the prcess rather than just the results can reduce pressure and anxiety.
【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】Accepting failures is a natural part f grwth. 運(yùn)用了一個(gè)含有動(dòng)名詞的句子，對(duì)原文第一段進(jìn)行了概括。其中動(dòng)名詞Accepting作主語(yǔ)，表達(dá)非常高級(jí)。
【高分句型2】Dr. Vara explains that making mistakes is nrmal and essential fr becming strnger.運(yùn)用了一個(gè)復(fù)雜的主從復(fù)合句，對(duì)原文第三段進(jìn)行了概括。其中that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句、動(dòng)名詞making作主語(yǔ)、動(dòng)名詞becming作賓語(yǔ)，表達(dá)非常高級(jí)。
V.Translatin (共15分。第1小題和第2小題,每題3分;第3題4分;第4題5分。)
Directins:Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets
52．近幾年，人工智能在養(yǎng)老行業(yè)應(yīng)用廣泛。（witness v.）(漢譯英）
【答案】In recent years, the elderly care industry has witnessed the widespread use f artificial intelligence.
【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞、短語(yǔ)和時(shí)態(tài)。表示“近幾年”應(yīng)用介詞短語(yǔ)in recent years；表示“應(yīng)用廣泛”短語(yǔ)為 the widespread use，作動(dòng)詞witness的賓語(yǔ)；表示“人工智能”短語(yǔ)為artificial intelligence，表示“見(jiàn)證”應(yīng)用witness;根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),可知句子的時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故翻譯為In recent years, the elderly care industry has witnessed the widespread use f artificial intelligence.。
53．我們輪流打掃教室，確保它總是干凈整潔的。(turn) (漢譯英)

【答案】We take turns t sweep the classrm t ensure that it is always clean and tidy.
【詳解】考查名詞、動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和賓語(yǔ)從句。主語(yǔ)“我們”用人稱代詞we表示；謂語(yǔ)“輪流……”用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)take turns t d...表示，描述經(jīng)常性行為用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)；“打掃”為動(dòng)詞sweep；賓語(yǔ)“教室”用名詞the classrm表示；“確保它總是干凈整潔的”作目的狀語(yǔ)，用不定式短語(yǔ)t ensure that it is always clean and tidy表示，其中“它總是干凈整潔的”處理為that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。綜上，全句譯為：We take turns t sweep the classrm t ensure that it is always clean and tidy.
54．與二十年前不同，如今超市里的加工食品種類(lèi)多樣，應(yīng)有盡有。（available）（漢譯英）

【答案】Unlike twenty years ag, supermarkets tday ffer a wide variety f prcessed fds, with everything available under the sun.
【詳解】考查固定短語(yǔ)，時(shí)態(tài)，主謂一致和with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)?！芭c二十年前不同”是unlike twenty years ag，“如今超市里的加工食品種類(lèi)多樣”也可理解為“如今的超市提供多種多樣的加工食品”，“如今的超市”是supermarkets tday，“提供”是ffer，句子描述事實(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)supermarkets是復(fù)數(shù)，因此ffer用原形，“多種多樣的”是a wide variety f，“加工食品”是prcessed fds，“應(yīng)有盡有”是with everything available under the sun，是with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，因此整句話翻譯為“Unlike twenty years ag, supermarkets tday ffer a wide variety f prcessed fds, with everything available under the sun”。故翻譯為Unlike twenty years ag, supermarkets tday ffer a wide variety f prcessed fds, with everything available under the sun.
55．這家百年老店吸納了多國(guó)美食烹飪方法，又自成一派，食客可以在舌尖感受異國(guó)文化。 (where) (漢譯英)

【答案】This century-ld restaurant has absrbed the cking methds f many cuntries and develped its wn style, where diners can experience extic cultures n their taste buds.
【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和定語(yǔ)從句。this century-ld restaurant (這家百年老店)，并列謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞absrb (吸納)和develp (發(fā)展)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響，the cking methds f many cuntries (多國(guó)美食烹飪方法)，its wn style (它自己的風(fēng)格)，“食客可以在舌尖感受異國(guó)文化”用非限制性定語(yǔ)從句表達(dá)，先行詞是this century-ld restaurant，關(guān)系詞替代先行詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)，復(fù)數(shù)名詞diners (食客)，can experience (可以體驗(yàn))，形容詞extic (異國(guó)的)作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞cultures (文化)，n their taste buds (在他們的舌尖上)，故翻譯為：This century-ld restaurant has absrbed the cking methds f many cuntries and develped its wn style, where diners can experience extic cultures n their taste buds.
VI.Guided Writing (共25分)
Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120-150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese
假設(shè)你是明啟中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李明，你校英語(yǔ)報(bào)正在就以下議題征集大家的想法：有人說(shuō)熟能生巧，也有人說(shuō)過(guò)度訓(xùn)練會(huì)抑制人們的創(chuàng)造力。你怎么看待這個(gè)問(wèn)題？
你對(duì)此話題很感興趣，決定寫(xiě)一篇文章來(lái)表達(dá)你的觀點(diǎn)，內(nèi)容包括：
1）你贊同哪一種說(shuō)法；
2）結(jié)合生活中的具體事例對(duì)你的觀點(diǎn)加以說(shuō)明。
Dear Editr,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Ming
【答案】Dear Editr,
I am Li Ming, a senir student frm Mingqi High Schl. I am writing t share my thughts n the debate abut whether practice makes perfect r excessive training stifles creativity. In my view, a balance is necessary.
Practice des make perfect. Take my experience in playing basketball as an example. Initially, I struggled with shting accurately. Thrugh repeated practice, I develped muscle memry, imprving my skills significantly. This shws that dedicatin and repetitin are key t mastering any skill.
Hwever, t much training can limit creativity. When preparing fr a schl art cmpetitin, I fund that sticking strictly t traditinal methds resulted in mundane artwrk. Once I allwed myself t experiment with different techniques and styles, my art became mre riginal and engaging. This experience highlighted the imprtance f balancing discipline with creative freedm.
In summary, while practice is essential fr building skills, it is equally imprtant t fster creativity t achieve excellence and innvatin.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Ming
【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本篇書(shū)面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。要求考生寫(xiě)一篇文章就“有人說(shuō)熟能生巧，也有人說(shuō)過(guò)度訓(xùn)練會(huì)抑制人們的創(chuàng)造力”的說(shuō)法發(fā)表自己的觀點(diǎn)，并結(jié)合生活中的具體事例加以說(shuō)明。
【詳解】1.詞匯積累
觀點(diǎn)：view → pinin
導(dǎo)致：result in → lead t
允許：allw → permit
總之：in summary → in a wrd
2.句式拓展
句式升級(jí)
原句：Thrugh repeated practice, I develped muscle memry, imprving my skills significantly.
拓展句：It was thrugh repeated practice that I develped muscle memry, imprving my skills significantly.
【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】I am writing t share my thughts n the debate abut whether practice makes perfect r excessive training stifles creativity.（運(yùn)用了whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句）
【高分句型2】When preparing fr a schl art cmpetitin, I fund that sticking strictly t traditinal methds resulted in mundane artwrk.（運(yùn)用了狀語(yǔ)從句中的省略和動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)以及that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句）
A．prfessinal B．exclude C． cnsider D．restlessness E. incredible
F. cmpsitin G. relatively H. assumptin I. distractin J. hindered K. literally

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