
現(xiàn)在分詞是英語中一種很重要的非謂語動詞形式, 恰當(dāng)使用能使語言簡潔、生動。現(xiàn)在分詞 (短語) 在句中可以充當(dāng)表語、定語、狀語和補足語, 掌握好以下3個現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語的句型, 必將極大地助力于讀后續(xù)寫。
句型一: 主謂……,+ding…1. After their mther left the rm, the children sat there, thinking abut Bernard. (2020年新高考全國Ⅰ卷) (孩子們坐在那里,sat是謂語動詞,與之同時發(fā)生的一個動作是他們想著小男孩Bernard的事情。為了突出這一動作,該句使用了現(xiàn)在分詞短語thinking…作伴隨狀語。)
2. He std up, hugged his parents, and smiled, trying nt t let his emtins get the better f him. (2020年1月浙江卷) (他站起來,擁抱了父母,微笑著,std, hugged, smiled是謂語動詞,與之同時發(fā)生的一個動作是他努力控制情緒。為了突出這一動作,該句使用了現(xiàn)在分詞短語trying…作伴隨狀語。)
3. Then it attacked the back f Mac's bike, tearing pen his tent bag. (2017年6月浙江卷) [它(狼)攻擊Mac單車的尾部,attacked是謂語動詞, 與之同時發(fā)生的一個動作是它撕開了帳篷包。為了突出這一動作, 該句使用了現(xiàn)在分詞短語tearing…作伴隨狀語。]
[發(fā)現(xiàn)規(guī)律]該句型中,現(xiàn)在分詞短語可以是表示一個伴隨謂語動作的心理動作(例句1,2),通常會用到thinking, hping, expecting, wishing, wanting等表示心理活動的詞。也可以是表示另一個非心理動作(例句3)。下面的句型二規(guī)律相同。
句型二: Ding…, +主謂……1. Feeling strnger nw, Jane began t walk alng the stream and hpe it wuld lead her t the lake. (2016年10月浙江卷) (Jane開始沿著溪邊走, began是謂語動詞,與之同時發(fā)生的一個動作是她感覺身體有力氣了。為了突出這一心理動作, 該句使用了現(xiàn)在分詞短語feeling…作伴隨狀語。)
2. Lying awake in the dark, Jane wanted very much t be with Tm and her family. (2016年10月浙江卷) (Jane很想與Tm及家人在一起, wanted是謂語動詞, 與之同時發(fā)生的一個動作是她躺在那里,醒著。為了突出這一伴隨動作,該句使用了現(xiàn)在分詞短語lying…作伴隨狀語。)
句型三: 主語+謂語……, 主格名詞+ding…
1. He std there, tears f gratitude welling up in his eyes. (他站在那兒,std是謂語動詞,與之同時發(fā)生的另一件事是,淚水奪眶而出。為了突出這件事,該句使用了“主格名詞+ding”的結(jié)構(gòu)作伴隨狀語,這一結(jié)構(gòu)也叫做“獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)”,He是句子的主語,tears只能降級為主格,是非謂語動詞welling動作的實施者,但不是整個句子的主語。)
2. We lay in the tent tgether, Mum telling us interesting and lving stries. (我們一起躺在帳篷里,lay是謂語動詞,與之同時發(fā)生的另一件事是,媽媽給我們講故事。為了突出這件事,該句使用了“主格名詞+ ding”的結(jié)構(gòu)作伴隨狀語。)
3. She pened the letter, her hands trembling with excitement. (她打開書信,pened是謂語動詞,與之同時發(fā)生的另一件事是,她雙手顫抖。為了突出這一件事情,該句使用了“主格名詞+ding”的結(jié)構(gòu)作伴隨狀語。)
一、使用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語的句型完成句子。
1. I clsely fllwed the rabbit, _____________ _______ (希望能抓著它). 2. Jane hugged Tm tightly, _________________________________________________ (心想以后必須要控制自己的脾氣).
hping t catch/
thinking that she
must cntrl her temper in the future
3. I fired mre pepper spray at it, ___________ ______________________________________ _______ (期待著把它再次嚇跑,以便有更多的時間等待救援). 4. Tm pened the dr f his car withut any hesitatin, ______________________________________ (他的妻子大喊著讓Mac上車).
t scare it away t win mre time fr the
his wife calling ut Mac t g int
5. Ken ndded, __________________________ (笑容在臉上蔓延開來). 6. _____________________________ (聞到了肉的氣味), the wlf turned arund and ran alngside the meat. 7. _____________________________ (看到車子停下來了), Mac jumped ff his bike immediately and rushed t the dr f the car.
smiles spreading n his face
Smelling the flavur f the meat
Seeing that the car had stpped
8. __________________________ (坐在篝火旁邊), we talked and laughed. 9. _____________________________________ __________________ (知道我不可能追上兔子),my father shuted t prevent me frm chasing (追逐) it but I was unwilling t stp.
Knwing that it was impssible fr me t apprach the rabbit
Sitting beside the camp fire
二、用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語,改寫以下兩段話中畫線的句子。
Dad pened the bx and a sweet little dg appeared. Then ut f the bx jumped a small mass f glden wlen thing, 1. and he was shuting ludly and jyfully, as if he was asking why he culdn't see the sunshine fr such a lng time. 2. When she realized that she had a playmate again, Pppy was amazed.
1. _______________________2. _______________________________________
shuting ludly and jyfully
(When) Realizing that she had a playmate again
She appreciated her new little playmate, 3. and she smiled amusedly, barked gently, walked slwly arund it and wagged her tail cheerfully and cnstantly. “I dn't have t be lnely any mre!” thught Pppy t herself with satisfactin. “But if nly my master were at hme!”
3. _________________________________________________________________________________________
smiling amusedly, barking gently, walking slwly arund it and wagging her tail cheerfully and cnstantly
A few weeks later, the by arrived hme frm university. He had missed Pppy and was lking frward t seeing her. 4. When he arrived at the dr f his hme, he was surprised t discver that it was tw dgs that were greeting him. The ld dg hugged and licked him, 5. and the little ne watched him curiusly. “Wh is he? What is it that attracts Pppy t him?” wndered he eagerly.
4. _________________________________5. _________________________________
the little ne watching him curiusly
(When) Arriving at the dr f his hme
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